Prefabricated assembly type canopy structure

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of canopy buildings, in particular to a prefabricated canopy structure. The supporting columns are distributed side by side, each supporting column is connected with one cross beam, the top plate is connected between the two side-by-side cross beams in a crossing mode, brackets are arranged at the tops of the supporting columns, the bottoms of the cross beams are connected to the middles of the brackets, the top plate comprises an inclined rain drainage face, and the rain drainage face extends downwards to be provided with supporting turnups. The supporting turnups are connected to the brackets, the rain drainage face is erected on the cross beam, the two ends of the top of the cross beam are each connected with a top plate, and the supporting turnups of the two top plates on the same cross beam are oppositely arranged. The prefabricated assembly type canopy structure can realize an efficient, accurate and reliable building process by prefabricating the components in a factory and quickly assembling the components on site.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of awning construction, and particularly relates to a prefabricated and assembled awning structure. Background Art

[0002] In the existing awning structures of high-speed railway platforms, the construction of awnings mainly adopts on-site installation methods, and most of them are cast-in-place. The construction methods are as follows: Reinforced concrete structure: The high-speed railway platform awning usually adopts a reinforced concrete structure, including columns, beams, slabs, etc.; the columns are reinforced concrete columns, and the cross-section form is square columns, and the beams are designed as reinforced concrete beams. Overall construction plan: The construction is divided by regions and carried out from bottom to top; the ground beams and the bearing platforms are constructed together, the walls and frame columns on the first floor are constructed at one time to the bottom of the beams, and the station building is constructed according to the floor height. Steel bar engineering: The non-prestressed steel bars adopt the method of on-site processing and on-site installation; technical disclosure needs to be organized before construction to clarify the quality and construction period requirements. Steel bar connection and protective layer control: The connection and positioning of steel bars need to be strictly controlled to ensure the thickness of the protective layer; welding and binding are commonly used connection methods.

[0003] The existing awning structures have the following problems during construction:

[0004] (1) Long construction period: The traditional cast-in-place concrete awning requires a large amount of formwork erection, concrete pouring and curing on site, resulting in a long construction period.

[0005] (2) Messy construction site: During the traditional construction process, a large amount of on-site operations are required, including formwork, steel bars, concrete, etc., which are likely to cause chaos on the construction site.

[0006] (3) Difficult quality control: The cast-in-place concrete construction is easily affected by factors such as weather and the technical level of construction workers, and it is difficult to control the quality.

[0007] (4) High construction cost: The traditional awning requires on-site concrete pouring, steel bar reinforcement, etc., and the material cost is relatively high; a large amount of manual operations are required for on-site construction, and the labor cost is relatively high; the traditional construction period is long, requiring more manpower and time, resulting in increased costs. Content of the Utility Model

[0008] The utility model provides a prefabricated and assembled awning structure, aiming to solve the problems that the installation of the awning requires on-site pouring, which not only has a long construction period and high cost, but also is prone to errors and the on-site quality is uncontrollable.

[0009] The utility model provides a prefabricated and assembled awning structure, which includes support columns, cross beams with a Y-shaped structure, and a top plate. A plurality of the support columns are arranged side by side, and each support column is connected with a cross beam. The top plate is horizontally connected between two adjacent cross beams. A corbel is provided at the top of the support column, and the bottom of the cross beam is connected to the middle of the corbel. The top plate includes an inclined rain-draining surface, and a support flange extends downward from the rain-draining surface. The support flange is connected to the corbel. The rain-draining surface is erected on the cross beam. Two top plates are respectively connected to both ends of the top of the same cross beam, and the support flanges of the two top plates on the same cross beam are arranged oppositely.

[0010] As a further improvement of the utility model, reinforcing bars are reserved in the middle of the top of the corbel, the tops of the reinforcing bars are threaded, corrugated pipes are reserved at the bottom of the cross beam, and the cross beam is connected to the reinforcing bars at the top of the corbel through the corrugated pipes.

[0011] As a further improvement of the utility model, a buffer pad is further provided at the top of the corbel. After the cross beam and the top plate are connected to the corbel, the buffer pad abuts against the bottoms of the cross beam and the top plate.

[0012] As a further improvement of the utility model, the buffer pad is a rubber pad.

[0013] As a further improvement of the utility model, the support column and the corbel are integrally cast, and the corbel is a structure that extends upward and expands from the top end of the support column.

[0014] As a further improvement of the utility model, a vertical plate that turns up is provided at one end of the rain-draining surface. The vertical plate is provided with protruding parts that extend to both sides and protrude from the rain-draining surface, and the protruding parts of the vertical plate are erected on the cross beam.

[0015] As a further improvement of the utility model, a first hole is provided on the vertical plate, a second hole is provided on the cross beam at the corresponding position of the first hole, and the first hole and the second hole are connected by bolts.

[0016] As a further improvement of the utility model, the prefabricated and assembled awning structure further includes a U-shaped cover plate. Baffles are provided on both sides of the rain-draining surface of the top plate. After the top plate is connected to the cross beam, the baffles are attached to the side surfaces of the cross beam, and the U-shaped cover plate covers the cross beam and the baffles on both sides of the cross beam.

[0017] As a further improvement of the utility model, the U-shaped cover plate is made of concrete casting.

[0018] As a further improvement of the present utility model, the prefabricated and assembled canopy structure further includes a gutter shaping plate. There are gaps between the support flanges of the two top plates. The two sides of the gutter shaping plate are respectively connected to the support flanges of the two top plates. Reinforcing bars are reserved on the support flanges, and concrete is poured on the reinforcing bars of the support flanges and the gutter shaping plate to form a gutter.

[0019] The beneficial effects of the present utility model are as follows: By using the prefabricated and assembled canopy structure, prefabricating components in the factory and quickly assembling them on-site, an efficient, precise, and reliable construction process can be achieved. In building construction, prefabricated canopy components are used and installed by assembly. This technology can significantly shorten the construction time, improve the quality, and reduce the impact on the on-site environment during on-site construction. Description of the Drawings

[0020] Figure 1 is the overall assembly structure diagram of the prefabricated and assembled canopy structure of the present utility model;

[0021] Figure 2 is the overall structure diagram of a single prefabricated and assembled canopy structure after assembly of the present utility model;

[0022] Figure 3 is the structural decomposition diagram of the support column, cross beam, and U-shaped cover plate in the present utility model;

[0023] Figure 4 is the structure diagram of the top plate in the present utility model;

[0024] Figure 5 is the structural cross-sectional view of the corbel in the present utility model;

[0025] Figure 6 is the structural top view of the corbel in the present utility model. Detailed Embodiments

[0026] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions, and advantages of the present utility model clearer, the present utility model will be further described in detail below with reference to the drawings and embodiments.

[0027] As Figures 1 to 4 shown, a prefabricated and assembled canopy structure of the present utility model includes support columns 1, cross beams 2 in a Y-shaped structure, and top plates 3. A plurality of support columns 1 are arranged side by side. One cross beam 2 is connected to each support column 1. The top plate 3 is horizontally connected between two adjacent cross beams 2. A corbel 4 is provided at the top of the support column 1. The bottom of the cross beam 2 is connected to the middle of the corbel 4. The top plate 3 includes an inclined rain drainage surface 31. The rain drainage surface 31 extends downward to be provided with support flanges 32. The support flanges 32 are connected to the corbel 4. The rain drainage surface 31 is erected on the cross beam 2. One top plate 3 is connected to each of the two ends of the top of the cross beam 2. The support flanges 32 of the two top plates 3 on the same cross beam 2 are arranged oppositely.

[0028] A single-span and single-column canopy, such as Figure 1 shown, is split into four standard components. Among them, the support column 1 is integrally cast in place as a whole. The Y-shaped crossbeam 2 at the top of the support column 1 is a separate precast component. The Y-shaped plate between the support columns 1 is split into two standard precast top plate 3 structures. The support column 1 and the Y-shaped crossbeam 2 adopt the grouting and anchoring connection method. The top plate 3 and the Y-shaped crossbeam 2 adopt the support connection method. After all the canopy components are installed, a falling prevention beam measure is set between the crossbeam 2 and the two top plates 3.

[0029] The support column 1 and the corbel 4 are integrally cast. The corbel 4 is a structure that extends upward from the top of the support column 1. As an extended component at the top of the support column 1, the corbel 4 is integrally cast in place with the support column 1. The upward-extending structure of the corbel 4 can meet the docking of the bottom of the corbel 4 with the support column 1 while increasing the supporting surface area between the top and the bottom of the crossbeam 2 and the support flange 32 of the top plate 3, realizing the corbel 4 as a support transition structure to connect the support column 1 with the crossbeam 2 and the top plate 3.

[0030] As Figure 5 and Figure 6 shown, the corbel 4 shape is added to the column section. Reinforcing bars 41 are reserved in the middle at the top of the corbel 4, and the tops of the reinforcing bars 41 are threaded. Bellows are reserved at the bottom of the crossbeam 2, and the crossbeam 2 is connected to the reinforcing bars 41 at the top of the corbel 4 through the bellows. When casting the support column 1, reinforcing bars 41 will be reserved at the top of the corbel 4 for further casting and fixing after docking and installation with the crossbeam 2. Threading the tops of the reinforcing bars 41 can improve the bonding strength and tensile strength between the reinforcing bars and the concrete.

[0031] A buffer pad 5 is also provided at the top of the corbel 4. After the crossbeam 2 and the top plate 3 are connected to the corbel 4, the buffer pad 5 abuts against the bottoms of the crossbeam 2 and the top plate 3. The buffer pad 5 is a rubber pad. The width of the corbel 4 support is 250 mm, and a 150×150×30 mm rubber pad is placed on the upper part. Setting a rubber pad between the docking positions of the corbel 4 and the crossbeam 2 and the top plate 3 can play a buffering role, prevent the top of the corbel 4 from directly colliding with the crossbeam 2 and the top plate 3, and can also prevent the thermal expansion and contraction phenomena of the support column 1, the crossbeam 2, and the top plate 3 due to temperature changes, so as to damage the structure of the canopy and affect its safety.

[0032] One end of the rain drainage surface 31 is provided with an upward-turned vertical plate 33. The vertical plate 33 is provided with protrusions 34 extending to both sides and protruding from the rain drainage surface 31. The protrusions 34 of the vertical plate 33 are erected on the crossbeam 2. The vertical plate 33 is erected on the crossbeam 2 to support one end of the top plate 3, playing a role in preventing falling. At the same time, the vertical plate 33 can increase the water storage level of the top plate 3 and prevent rainwater from overflowing the top plate 3, acting as a water retaining platform.

[0033] The vertical plate 33 is provided with a first hole, and the cross beam 2 is provided with a second hole at the corresponding position of the first hole. The first hole and the second hole are connected by a bolt. As a measure to prevent the beam from falling, the upper turning vertical plates 33 are precast at both ends of the top plate 3. The vertical plate 33 is reserved with a hole of A40mm, and the corresponding position of the cross beam 2 is reserved with a hole, and they are connected by a bolt rod of A30mm. When the protruding part 34 of the vertical plate 33 is butted against the cross beam 2, the connection between the top plate 3 and the cross beam 2 is further strengthened.

[0034] As Figures 1 to 3 shown, the prefabricated and assembled rain shelter structure further includes a U-shaped cover plate 6. The top plate 3 is provided with baffles on both sides of the rain drainage surface 31. After the top plate 3 is connected to the cross beam 2, the baffles are attached to the side surface of the cross beam 2. The U-shaped cover plate 6 covers the cross beam 2 and the baffles located on both sides of the cross beam 2. The U-shaped cover plate 6 is formed by concrete casting. The connection between the cross beam 2 and the top plate 3 can be sealed by the U-shaped concrete cover plate to prevent rainwater from flowing out of the gap between the cross beam 2 and the top plate 3, so as to guide the rainwater to the rain drainage surface 31 of the top plate 3 and drain the rainwater centrally.

[0035] The prefabricated and assembled rain shelter structure further includes a gutter shaping plate. There is a gap 35 between the support flanges 32 of the two top plates 3. The two sides of the gutter shaping plate are respectively connected to the support flanges 32 of the two top plates 3. The support flanges 32 are reserved with steel bars, and concrete is poured on the steel bars of the support flanges 32 and the gutter shaping plate to form a gutter.

[0036] The connection part of the two top plate 3 brackets is cast into a gutter. The bottom of the gutter is 140 thick in total. The lower 60 thick is precast at the same time as the top plate 3. After assembly, the joint width is 20mm. The upper iron steel bars are reserved at the upper part of the support column 1. After the top plate 3 is hoisted, a 2 thick and 350mm wide iron sheet is used to seal the gap between the precast top plates 3, and 80 thick concrete is cast to form a gutter. Combined with the inclined rain drainage surface 31, the rainwater on the top plate 3 is concentrated in the gutter and then drained away.

[0037] The construction method of this prefabricated and assembled rain shelter structure is as follows:

[0038] (1) Construction method:

[0039] Measurement and positioning (determination of the positioning points of the cross beam 2) → Hoisting of the cross beam 2 → Temporary fixation of the cross beam 2 with steel plate bolts → Hoisting of the top plate 3 → Temporary fixation of the top plate 3 with steel plate bolts → Grouting of the cross beam 2 and the top plate 3 (grouting is carried out after winter construction according to the on-site weather conditions).

[0040] (2) Measurement and positioning:

[0041] During the construction of the cast-in-place concrete canopy column, leveling instruments, theodolites and other testing instruments are used for multiple positioning and verification to ensure the accuracy of the column axis and the elevation of the column top. After the concrete pouring is completed, a special person shall be responsible for checking and adjusting the length of the reserved steel bars protruding from the top of the canopy support column 1. The surveyors shall check and verify the actual elevation of the top of the frame column. For those with negative deviation and uneven column top, C80 high-strength grouting material shall be used for leveling to ensure the flatness of the column top. When hoisting the cross beam 2 perpendicular to the track of the canopy, arrange surveyors to promptly verify the axis of the beam body. After the axis of the cross beam 2 coincides with the axis of the column body, the subsequent construction can be carried out. When hoisting the canopy slab, the on-site surveyors shall verify the gap distance on both sides of the canopy slab and then carry out the subsequent construction. Rubber pads with a size of 200×200×30mm shall be placed at the corbels 4 and ends where the precast roof slab 3 intersects with the main cross beam 2. Cable wind ropes shall be set on the beam and slab components to adjust the direction during the hoisting process. During hoisting, control the gap with the adjacent side slab that has been installed to ensure that the joint width meets the design requirements.

[0042] (3) Arrangements before hoisting:

[0043] Before construction, technical disclosure shall be carried out to the construction personnel of the hoisting team to ensure that the construction operators are familiar with the work process and understand the potential safety hazards during construction. Before hoisting operations, clean and level the site where the crane is supported to prevent the crane from tipping over and the hoisted components from being knocked during the hoisting process. Before hoisting, conduct performance and power tests on the hoisting tools used on site to avoid affecting the construction operations during hoisting. Before hoisting, it is necessary to check the numbers, axis positions of the hoisted beams and slabs. After confirmation, the hoisting operations can start.

[0044] (4) Hoisting positioning control measures:

[0045] a) When hoisting precast components, it is necessary to check the drawings and confirm information such as the component number, position, and direction.

[0046] b) During hoisting, positioning tooling shall be used to cooperate with the crane for hoisting operations to ensure the installation accuracy of the components.

[0047] c) At the top of the canopy column, a customized steel plate with a size of 50mm×50mm×30mm (length×width×height) is used to level the elevation of the bottom of the precast beam.

[0048] d) Before hoisting the canopy beam, use a customized steel bar positioning clamp to adjust the reserved steel bars of the canopy column to assist the penetration and connection of the reserved holes of the canopy beam and the reserved steel bars.

[0049] e) After the canopy beam is placed, use a support beam position fine-tuning device to finely adjust and correct the beam body.

[0050] f) For the canopy slab, use a side slab installation limiter to assist in the installation and positioning of the canopy slab.

[0051] (5) Hoisting process:

[0052] Before hoisting, confirm whether the hooks of the beam and slab are firmly connected to the steel wire ropes and whether there is a risk of slipping. When the crane lifts the precast awning component off the ground, check whether the awning component is horizontal. Conduct a trial hoist before formal hoisting. Through observation and detection, determine the arrangement of the lifting points and the stress conditions. If any problems are found, adjust them in time to ensure that the stress of each lifting point is uniform and the awning component is horizontal. Only then can it be hoisted to the construction position. When the precast awning component is 50 cm above the installation position, stop the descent of the awning component. After the awning component is stable, lower it slowly. Installation personnel use positioning tools on both sides to assist in placing the awning component. After the awning component is placed, the surveying personnel adjust the placement position of the awning component until the placement position of the awning component coincides with the control axis accurately, and then complete the hoisting process and remove the hooks.

[0053] (6) Grouting process:

[0054] a) Inspection of connecting steel bars:

[0055] Check the specifications, quantity, position and length of the protruding steel bars. The inspection methods are visual inspection and measurement with a ruler, and the inspection quantity is a full inspection; the deviation of the steel bar position shall not be greater than ±3 mm (a steel bar positioning plate can be used for inspection); if the deviation of the steel bar position exceeds the requirement, a steel pipe can be used to sleeve the steel bar for correction; the length deviation range of the steel bar is 0 - 15 mm; check whether there is residual concrete on the protruding steel bars, and if so, clean it up.

[0056] b) Inspection of the joint surface before installing the precast component:

[0057] Clean the joint surface before installation; in high-temperature and dry seasons, moisten the surface of the component in contact with the grouting material, and no water accumulation shall be formed.

[0058] c) Inspection of the grouting corrugated sleeve:

[0059] Check whether the quantity of the corrugated sleeves is consistent with the quantity of the protruding steel bars.

[0060] Check whether there are any sundries in the corrugated sleeve that affect the flow of the grouting material mixture to ensure smooth pore channels. If any, the sundries in the sleeve can be blown out by an air compressor, and a flashlight can be used for light transmission inspection.

[0061] d) Grouting operation:

[0062] The grouting material uses C80 high-strength grouting material, and the grouting material is stirred according to the water-cement ratio of 0.12 - 0.14 provided by the manufacturer; moisten the grouting machine with water to avoid the dry equipment body absorbing the water in the grouting material mixture, thus affecting the fluidity of the grouting material mixture. Control of the grouting volume: Grout into the corrugated sleeve through a funnel until grouting material overflows from each corrugated sleeve.

[0063] The hoisting operation method of this prefabricated and assembled canopy structure is as follows:

[0064] Considering that personnel need to work up and down during the hoisting operation, a working scaffold needs to be erected around the canopy support column 1 using disk-socket scaffolding. In order to ensure the stability of the scaffold, the inclined tie rods are erected using steel pipes.

[0065] The first hoisting position: After the crane drives into the site, it parks from the small mileage to the large mileage direction. This means that the crane should park from the starting point of the line (or the place with a smaller mileage number) to the end point of the line (or the place with a larger mileage number), which helps to improve work efficiency and safety. The transport vehicle reverses into the site and directly drives out after the hoisting is completed.

[0066] Compared with the existing cast-in-situ canopy technology, a large amount of on-site work is required, such as formwork support, steel bar installation, concrete pouring, etc., resulting in problems such as slow construction progress, uncontrollable on-site construction quality, and high costs.

[0067] The prefabricated and assembled canopy structure of the present utility model has the following specific advantages:

[0068] (1) Fast construction speed: The components of the prefabricated and assembled canopy are prefabricated in the factory, and only hoisting and connection are required on site, greatly shortening the construction period.

[0069] (2) Quality controllable: Strict quality control is carried out on the prefabricated components in the factory, avoiding problems affected by factors such as weather and technical level during on-site construction.

[0070] (3) Reduction of on-site work: The construction site of the prefabricated and assembled canopy is cleaner, without a large amount of on-site work, reducing labor costs.

[0071] (4) Environmental protection: The prefabricated and assembled canopy reduces environmental pollution such as on-site concrete pouring and is more environmentally friendly.

[0072] The prefabricated and assembled canopy structure of the present utility model can complete the installation of the canopy more efficiently and accurately, shorten the construction period, and provide reliable technical support for winter construction. It is mainly applied to the canopies of high-speed railway stations, subway stations, public buildings, commercial buildings, and residential communities. And due to the advantages of high efficiency and short construction period of prefabricated construction, it has good application prospects in high-speed railway and subway stations in cold regions in the north.

[0073] The above content is a further detailed description of the present utility model in combination with specific preferred implementation manners. It cannot be determined that the specific implementation of the present utility model is only limited to these descriptions. For those of ordinary skill in the technical field to which the present utility model belongs, without departing from the concept of the present utility model, several simple deductions or substitutions can still be made, which should all be regarded as belonging to the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A prefabricated and assembled canopy structure, characterized in that, It includes support columns, a cross beam in a Y-shaped structure, and a top plate. A plurality of the support columns are arranged side by side. One cross beam is connected to each support column. The top plate is transversely connected between two side-by-side cross beams. A corbel is provided at the top of the support column. The bottom of the cross beam is connected to the middle of the corbel. The top plate includes an inclined rain-draining surface. A support flange extends downward from the rain-draining surface. The support flange is connected to the corbel. The rain-draining surface is mounted on the cross beam. Two top plates are connected to the two ends of the top of the same cross beam. The support flanges of the two top plates on the same cross beam are arranged oppositely.

2. The prefabricated and assembled canopy structure according to claim 1, wherein Reinforcing bars are reserved in the middle of the top of the corbel. The tops of the reinforcing bars are threaded. Bellows are reserved at the bottom of the cross beam. The cross beam is connected to the reinforcing bars at the top of the corbel through the bellows.

3. The prefabricated and assembled canopy structure according to claim 2, characterized in that, A buffer pad is further provided at the top of the corbel. After the cross beam and the top plate are connected to the corbel, the buffer pad abuts against the bottoms of the cross beam and the top plate.

4. The prefabricated and assembled canopy structure according to claim 3, characterized in that, The buffer pad is a rubber pad.

5. The prefabricated and assembled canopy structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The support column and the corbel are integrally cast. The corbel is a structure extending upward and expanding from the top end of the support column.

6. The prefabricated and assembled canopy structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, An up-turned vertical plate is provided at one end of the rain-draining surface. The vertical plate is provided with protrusions extending to both sides and protruding from the rain-draining surface. The protrusions of the vertical plate are mounted on the cross beam.

7. The prefabricated and assembled canopy structure according to claim 6, wherein, First holes are provided on the vertical plate. Second holes are provided on the cross beam at the corresponding positions of the first holes. The first holes and the second holes are connected by bolts.

8. The prefabricated and assembled canopy structure according to claim 1, wherein It further includes a U-shaped cover plate. Baffles are provided on both sides of the rain-draining surface of the top plate. After the top plate is connected to the cross beam, the baffles are attached to the side surfaces of the cross beam. The U-shaped cover plate covers the cross beam and the baffles on both sides of the cross beam.

9. The prefabricated and assembled canopy structure according to claim 8, characterized in that, The U-shaped cover plate is made of cast concrete.

10. The prefabricated and assembled canopy structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, It further includes a gutter shaping plate. There is a gap between the support flanges of the two top plates. The two sides of the gutter shaping plate are respectively connected to the support flanges of the two top plates. Reinforcing bars are reserved in the support flanges. Concrete is poured on the reinforcing bars in the support flanges and the gutter shaping plate to form a gutter.

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