Vertical shaft excavation equipment and system

Abstract

The utility model provides vertical shaft excavation equipment and system, and relates to the technical field of vertical shaft heading machines, the equipment comprises an equipment main body, a rotation unit and an excavation unit, the equipment main body is used for being supported on the shaft wall of a vertical shaft, and the rotation unit is arranged on the equipment main body. The excavation unit at least comprises a first excavation mechanism, a second excavation mechanism and a third excavation mechanism which are arranged on the rotation unit at intervals, and the rotation unit drives the first excavation mechanism, the second excavation mechanism and the third excavation mechanism to rotate around the axis of the vertical shaft so as to adjust the excavation position. The first excavation mechanism, the second excavation mechanism and the third excavation mechanism are respectively used for excavating geological stratums with different hardness. According to the vertical shaft excavation equipment and system, the multiple excavation mechanisms capable of adapting to excavation of stratums with different hardness are arranged, the excavation position is adjusted through the rotation unit, the corresponding excavation mechanism is selected in a targeted mode for the current excavation position, and therefore the excavation efficiency is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the technical field of caisson tunneling machines, and particularly to a shaft excavation device and system. Background Art

[0002] A shaft tunneling machine is a construction device for vertically excavating a shaft downward from the ground, and is widely used in fields such as the starting section of a shield tunneling, a receiving shaft, a mining shaft, and an underground three-dimensional garage shaft.

[0003] In the related art, the shaft tunneling machine crushes muck and rock strata on the working face through the cutting teeth on the cutting drum.

[0004] However, when the above-mentioned shaft tunneling machine excavates in a composite stratum, different excavation tools need to be replaced. Due to the inconvenience of replacement, the tunneling efficiency is affected. Summary of the Utility Model

[0005] This application provides a shaft excavation device and system to solve the technical problem that the existing shaft tunneling machine affects the tunneling efficiency due to the inconvenience of replacing tools when excavating in a composite stratum.

[0006] To achieve the above object, in a first aspect, this application provides a shaft excavation device, including a device main body, a slewing unit, and an excavation unit. The device main body is used to support on the shaft wall of the shaft, and the slewing unit is arranged on the device main body;

[0007] The excavation unit at least includes a first excavation mechanism, a second excavation mechanism, and a third excavation mechanism arranged at intervals on the slewing unit. The slewing unit drives the first excavation mechanism, the second excavation mechanism, and the third excavation mechanism to rotate around the axis of the shaft to adjust the excavation position;

[0008] The first excavation mechanism, the second excavation mechanism, and the third excavation mechanism are respectively used to excavate geological strata with different hardnesses.

[0009] In a possible implementation manner, the slewing unit includes a base and a slewing drive member. The base is located below the device main body and is connected to the device main body;

[0010] The slewing drive member is connected to the base and is used to drive the base to rotate relative to the device main body around the axis of the shaft.

[0011] In a possible implementation manner, the first excavation mechanism, the second excavation mechanism, and the third excavation mechanism all include an excavation arm, a drum, an excavation drive member, and an excavation tool. One end of the excavation arm is connected to the base, and the other end of the excavation arm is provided with the drum;

[0012] The excavation drive member is connected to the drum and is used to drive the drum to rotate;

[0013] The excavation tools are connected to the circumferential side of the drum. The excavation tools of the first excavation mechanism, the second excavation mechanism, and the third excavation mechanism are respectively used to excavate geological layers with different hardnesses.

[0014] In a possible implementation, the excavation tool on the first excavation mechanism includes a first cutting tool, and the first cutting tool is used to excavate the soft layer.

[0015] In a possible implementation, the excavation tools on the second excavation mechanism include a second cutting tool and a third cutting tool, and the third cutting tool protrudes radially from the second cutting tool along the drum;

[0016] The second cutting tool is used to excavate the relatively soft layer, and the third cutting tool is used to excavate the relatively hard layer.

[0017] In a possible implementation, the excavation tool on the third excavation mechanism includes a hob, and the hob is used to excavate the hard layer.

[0018] In a possible implementation, the first excavation mechanism, the second excavation mechanism, and the third excavation mechanism all further include a radial driving member. The radial driving member is connected to the excavation arm and is used to drive the excavation arm to swing relative to the base along the radial direction of the shaft for radial excavation along the shaft.

[0019] In a possible implementation, the excavation arm is a telescopic arm and can extend or retract in a direction close to or away from the base.

[0020] In a possible implementation, at least one of the first excavation mechanism, the second excavation mechanism, and the third excavation mechanism is provided with a mud pump. The mud pump is connected to the excavation arm and is close to the drum.

[0021] In a second aspect, the present application provides a shaft excavation system, including a control unit and any one of the shaft excavation devices provided in the first aspect. The control unit includes an identification device and a controller;

[0022] The identification device is arranged on the slewing unit and is used to identify the geological characteristics of the current excavation position and feed them back to the controller;

[0023] The controller selects one from the first excavation mechanism, the second excavation mechanism, and the third excavation mechanism according to different identification results, and controls the slewing unit to rotate so that the selected excavation mechanism is adjusted to the current excavation position for excavation.

[0024] The present application provides a shaft excavation device and system. The shaft excavation device includes a device main body, a slewing unit, and an excavation unit. The device main body is supported on the shaft wall of the shaft, and the slewing unit is arranged on the device main body. Among them, the excavation unit at least includes a first excavation mechanism, a second excavation mechanism, and a third excavation mechanism that are arranged at intervals on the slewing unit. The slewing unit drives the first excavation mechanism, the second excavation mechanism, and the third excavation mechanism to rotate around the axis of the shaft to adjust the excavation position. The first excavation mechanism, the second excavation mechanism, and the third excavation mechanism are respectively used for excavating geological layers with different hardnesses. Thus, the shaft excavation device provided by the present application can specifically select the corresponding excavation mechanism for geological layers with different hardnesses at the current excavation position by arranging multiple excavation mechanisms that can adapt to the excavation of different hardness strata and driving each excavation mechanism to rotate through the slewing unit, thereby ensuring the tunneling efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] The accompanying drawings herein are incorporated into and constitute a part of this specification, showing embodiments consistent with the present application, and are used together with the specification to explain the principles of the present application.

[0026] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the shaft excavation device provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0027] Figure 2 is a partial structural diagram of another perspective of the shaft excavation device provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0028] Figure 3 is Figure 2 a schematic structural diagram of the connection between the first drum and the first cutting tool in

[0029] Figure 4 is Figure 3 a left view of

[0030] Figure 5 is Figure 2 a schematic structural diagram of the connection between the second drum and the second and third cutting tools in

[0031] Figure 6 is Figure 5 a left view of

[0032] Figure 7 is Figure 2 a schematic structural diagram of the connection between the third drum and the hob in

[0033] Figure 8 is Figure 7 a left view of

[0034] Reference numerals:

[0035] 10: shaft

[0036] 100: Equipment main body;

[0037] 200: Rotary unit;

[0038] 210: Base;

[0039] 211: Installation position;

[0040] 220: Rotary drive component;

[0041] 300: Excavation unit;

[0042] 310: First excavation mechanism;

[0043] 311: First excavation arm;

[0044] 312: First drum;

[0045] 313: First cutting tool;

[0046] 314: First radial drive component;

[0047] 320: Second excavation mechanism;

[0048] 321: Second excavation arm;

[0049] 322: Second drum;

[0050] 323: Second cutting tool;

[0051] 324: Third cutting tool;

[0052] 325: Second radial drive component;

[0053] 330: Third excavation mechanism;

[0054] 331: Third excavation arm;

[0055] 332: Third drum;

[0056] 333: Hob;

[0057] 334: Third radial drive component;

[0058] 340: Mud pump.

[0059] Through the above-mentioned accompanying drawings, specific embodiments of the present application have been shown, and there will be more detailed descriptions hereinafter. These drawings and textual descriptions are not intended to limit the scope of the concept of the present application in any way, but to illustrate the concept of the present application to those skilled in the art by referring to specific embodiments. Detailed implementation manners

[0060] Exemplary embodiments will be described in detail herein, and examples thereof are shown in the accompanying drawings. When the following description refers to the accompanying drawings, unless otherwise indicated, the same numbers in different drawings represent the same or similar elements. The embodiments described in the following exemplary embodiments do not represent all embodiments consistent with the present application. On the contrary, they are merely examples of devices and methods consistent with some aspects of the present application as detailed in the appended claims.

[0061] As described in the background section, most current open caisson tunneling machines use a swing arm configuration to cut the drum for shaft excavation. When the cutting drum rotates at high speed, the cutting teeth on its circumference break the muck and rock on the working face. However, cutting teeth are generally suitable for efficient excavation in soft rock or soft soil strata. When encountering composite strata with different hardnesses such as hard rock or pebbles, the tunneling efficiency is low, and the cutting teeth are easily damaged. In deep shaft projects, the geology may vary throughout the entire depth or on the same plane. Therefore, a single excavation structure is difficult to meet the requirements of efficient tunneling in composite strata. If the cutting tools are replaced for different strata, the entire equipment needs to be lifted a certain distance and then the corresponding tools are replaced, which greatly increases the difficulty and construction period.

[0062] To solve the above problems existing in the current shaft tunneling machine during tunneling construction in composite strata, the present application provides a shaft excavation device, including a device main body, a slewing unit, and an excavation unit. By supporting the device main body on the shaft wall of the shaft and arranging the slewing unit on the device main body. Among them, the excavation unit at least includes a first excavation mechanism, a second excavation mechanism, and a third excavation mechanism arranged at intervals on the slewing unit. The slewing unit drives the first excavation mechanism, the second excavation mechanism, and the third excavation mechanism to rotate around the axis of the shaft to adjust the excavation position. The first excavation mechanism, the second excavation mechanism, and the third excavation mechanism respectively excavate geological strata with different hardnesses. By providing multiple excavation mechanisms that can adapt to the excavation of strata with different hardnesses and driving each excavation mechanism to rotate through the slewing unit to adjust the excavation position, the corresponding excavation mechanism can be selectively used for the geological strata with different hardnesses at the current excavation position, thus ensuring the tunneling efficiency.

[0063] The technical solution of the present application will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and several specific embodiments. It can be understood that the following embodiments can be combined or used alone.

[0064] As Figures 1 - 8 shown, this embodiment provides a shaft excavation device, including a device main body 100, a slewing unit 200, and an excavation unit 300. The device main body 100 is used to support on the shaft wall of the shaft 10, and the slewing unit 200 is arranged on the device main body 100.

[0065] The excavation unit 300 at least includes a first excavation mechanism 310, a second excavation mechanism 320, and a third excavation mechanism 330 that are spaced apart and arranged on the slewing unit 200. The slewing unit 200 drives the first excavation mechanism 310, the second excavation mechanism 320, and the third excavation mechanism 330 to rotate around the axis of the shaft 10 to adjust the excavation position.

[0066] The first excavation mechanism 310, the second excavation mechanism 320, and the third excavation mechanism 330 are respectively used to excavate geological layers with different hardnesses.

[0067] In this embodiment, the equipment main body 100 is erected in the shaft 10 and is used to provide an installation foundation for the slewing unit 200 and the excavation unit 300, and it can be a frame structure. For example, the equipment main body 100 can be supported on the shaft wall of the shaft 10 by a plurality of brackets extending radially.

[0068] The slewing unit 200 is used to connect the equipment main body 100 and the excavation unit 300, provide an installation foundation for the excavation unit 300, and is used to drive the excavation unit 300 to rotate around the vertical axis of the shaft 10 relative to the equipment main body 100.

[0069] The excavation unit 300 can include a first excavation mechanism 310, a second excavation mechanism 320, and a third excavation mechanism 330, that is, the three can rotate around the axis of the shaft 10 relative to the equipment main body 100 under the action of the slewing unit 200. On the one hand, the circumferential excavation azimuth can be gradually adjusted to form a heading face. On the other hand, the first excavation mechanism 310, the second excavation mechanism 320, and the third excavation mechanism 330 can quickly switch and adjust the excavation position as needed.

[0070] Among them, at least the cutters used on each excavation mechanism are different or partially different. Specifically, the cutters used on the first excavation mechanism 310 are basically used to excavate soft soil layers or rock layers, such as excavation cutters composed of cutting teeth arranged on a drum. The cutters used on the second excavation mechanism 320 are basically used to excavate relatively soft and hard soil layers or rock layers, such as excavation cutters composed of cutting teeth and wedge-shaped shell knives arranged on a drum. The cutters used on the third excavation mechanism 330 are basically used to excavate hard soil layers or rock layers, such as excavation cutters composed of hob cutters arranged on a drum.

[0071] In addition, the first excavation mechanism 310, the second excavation mechanism 320, and the third excavation mechanism 330 can be evenly distributed around the slewing unit 200, and the force is more balanced. Of course, more excavation mechanisms can also be set, and no excessive restrictions are made in this embodiment.

[0072] It should be noted that the softer layer or harder layer mentioned here is between the soft layer and the hard layer. For example, the soft layer may be a soft soil layer, the softer layer may be a hard soil layer, the harder layer may be a soft rock layer, and the hard layer may be a hard rock layer. It can be further divided according to the specific softness and hardness of the stratum in actual construction, and is not specifically limited in this embodiment.

[0073] It can be understood that, compared with the prior art shaft boring machine that uses a single excavation tool that is inconvenient to replace when excavating in a composite stratum, the shaft excavation equipment provided in this embodiment is provided with a plurality of excavation mechanisms that can adapt to the excavation of strata with different hardnesses, and the excavation position is adjusted by driving each excavation mechanism to rotate through the rotary unit 200. The corresponding excavation mechanism can be selected for the different hardness strata at the current excavation position, which can not only achieve the purpose of efficient excavation, but also ensure the service life of the excavation mechanism.

[0074] Therefore, the shaft excavation equipment provided in this embodiment includes an equipment body 100, a rotary unit 200 and an excavation unit 300. The rotary unit 200 is arranged on the equipment body 100 by supporting the equipment body 100 on the wall of the shaft 10. The excavation unit 300 at least includes a first excavation mechanism 310, a second excavation mechanism 320 and a third excavation mechanism 330 arranged at intervals on the rotary unit 200, and the rotary unit 200 drives the first excavation mechanism 310, the second excavation mechanism 320 and the third excavation mechanism 330 to rotate around the axis of the shaft 10 to adjust the excavation position. The first excavation mechanism 310, the second excavation mechanism 320 and the third excavation mechanism 330 are respectively used to excavate geological layers of different hardness. By setting up multiple excavation mechanisms that can adapt to excavation of different hardness strata, and driving each excavation mechanism to rotate through the rotary unit 200 to adjust the excavation position, the corresponding excavation mechanism can be selected specifically for the different hardness strata at the current excavation position, thereby ensuring the excavation efficiency.

[0075] In one possible design, Figures 1 - 2 As shown, the rotary unit 200 includes a base 210 and a rotary drive 220. The base 210 is located below the equipment body 100 and connected to the equipment body 100. The rotary drive 220 is connected to the base 210 and is used to drive the base 210 to rotate relative to the equipment body 100 around the axis of the shaft 10.

[0076] With such an arrangement, the base 210 provides an installation foundation for the excavation unit 300 to drive the first excavation mechanism 310, the second excavation mechanism 320, and the third excavation mechanism 330 to rotate around the axis of the shaft 10 to adjust the excavation orientation. Specifically, the base 210 can be connected to the bottom of the equipment main body 100 through a bearing assembly, and the axis of the bearing assembly coincides with the axis of the shaft 10. The rotary drive member 220 can be a rotating component such as a motor or a hydraulic motor. The rotary drive member 220 can be installed on the equipment main body 100, and the rotary drive of the rotary drive member 220 can be connected to the base 210 through a gear transmission assembly, so that the base 210 can stably rotate around the axis of the shaft 10.

[0077] In some embodiments, the first excavation mechanism 310, the second excavation mechanism 320, and the third excavation mechanism 330 each include an excavation arm, a drum, an excavation drive member, and an excavation cutter. One end of the excavation arm is connected to the base 210, and the other end of the excavation arm is provided with the drum. The excavation drive member is connected to the drum 312 and is used to drive the drum to rotate. The excavation cutter is connected to the circumferential side of the drum, and the excavation cutters in the first excavation mechanism 310, the second excavation mechanism 320, and the third excavation mechanism 330 are respectively used to excavate geological layers with different hardnesses.

[0078] Moreover, the first excavation mechanism 310, the second excavation mechanism 320, and the third excavation mechanism 330 may each further include a radial drive member. The radial drive member is connected to the excavation arm and is used to drive the excavation arm to swing radially relative to the base 210 along the shaft 10 for radial excavation along the shaft 10.

[0079] Exemplarily, in combination with Figure 1 、 Figure 3 、 Figure 4 As shown, in this embodiment, the first excavation mechanism 310 includes a first excavation arm 311, a first drum 312, a first cutting tool 313, and a first excavation drive member. One end of the first excavation arm 311 is connected to the base 210, and the other end of the first excavation arm 311 is provided with the first drum 312. The first cutting tool 313 is connected to the circumferential side of the first drum 312, and the first excavation drive member is connected to the first drum 312 and is used to drive the first drum 312 to rotate so as to excavate the soft layer through the first cutting tool 313.

[0080] With such an arrangement, the first excavation arm 311 provides an installation foundation for the first drum 312, the first cutting tool 313, and the first excavation driving member, so as to ensure the excavation of the soft layer. Specifically, one end of the first excavation arm 311 is rotatably or radially movably connected to the bottom of the base 210, the other end of the first excavation arm 311 extends downward or obliquely downward, the first drum 312 can be rotatably installed at the downward end of the first excavation arm 311 through a bearing assembly, and the rotation axis is arranged transversely. The first cutting tool 313 can be a number of cutting teeth, and the number of cutting teeth can be distributed in a spiral shape on the circumferential side of the first drum 312. The first excavation driving member can be a rotating component such as a motor or a hydraulic motor, and the first excavation driving member is installed inside the first excavation arm 311 or the first drum 312. The first excavation driving member drives the first drum 312 to rotate at a high speed, and the soft soil layer or rock layer can be efficiently excavated through the cutting teeth.

[0081] Of course, the first excavation mechanism 310 can also be replaced by other types of excavation mechanisms, as long as they can meet the requirement of efficiently excavating the soft soil layer or rock layer, and no specific limitation is made in this embodiment.

[0082] Furthermore, as Figure 1 shown, in this embodiment, the first excavation mechanism 310 further includes a first radial driving member 314, and the first excavation arm 311 swings radially along the shaft 10 relative to the base 210. The first radial driving member 314 is connected to the first excavation arm 311 and is used to drive the first excavation arm 311 to swing for radial excavation along the shaft 10.

[0083] With such an arrangement, the upper end of the first excavation arm 311 can be rotatably connected to the base 210 through a rotating shaft, so that the lower end of the first excavation arm 311 swings in a direction close to or away from the axis of the shaft 10. The first radial driving member 314 can be a telescopic component such as an oil cylinder, a cylinder, or an electric push rod. One end of the first radial driving member 314 is rotatably connected to the base 210, and the other end of the first radial driving member 314 is rotatably connected to the first excavation arm 311. When the first radial driving member 314 expands and contracts, it can drive the first excavation arm 311 to swing radially along the shaft 10 to achieve radial excavation.

[0084] Of course, the first radial driving member 314 can also be replaced by other types of driving mechanisms, as long as they can meet the requirement of the first excavation arm 311 for radial excavation along the shaft 10, and no specific limitation is made in this embodiment.

[0085] Exemplarily, in combination with Figure 1 、 Figure 5 、 Figure 6As shown in the figure, in this embodiment, the second excavation mechanism 320 includes a second excavation arm 321, a second drum 322, a second cutting tool 323, a third cutting tool 324, and a second excavation driving member. One end of the second excavation arm 321 is connected to the base 210, and the other end of the second excavation arm 321 is provided with the second drum 322. Both the second cutting tool 323 and the third cutting tool 324 are connected to the circumferential side of the second drum 322, and the third cutting tool 324 protrudes radially from the second cutting tool 323 along the second drum 322. The second excavation driving member is connected to the second drum 322 and is used to drive the second drum 322 to rotate, so as to excavate the softer layer through the second cutting tool 323 and excavate the harder layer through the third cutting tool 324.

[0086] With such a setting, the second excavation arm 321 provides an installation basis for the second drum 322, the second cutting tool 323, the third cutting tool 324, and the second excavation driving member, so as to ensure that the softer layer or the harder layer can be excavated. Specifically, one end of the second excavation arm 321 can be rotatably or radially movably connected to the bottom of the base 210, the other end of the second excavation arm 321 extends downward or obliquely downward, the second drum 322 can be rotatably installed at the downward end of the second excavation arm 321 through a bearing assembly, and the rotation axis is arranged horizontally. The second cutting tool 323 can be several cutting teeth, and the several cutting teeth can be distributed in a spiral shape on the circumferential side of the second drum 322. The third cutting tool 324 can be several wedge-shaped shell knives, and the several wedge-shaped shell knives can also be distributed in a spiral shape on the circumferential side of the second drum 322 and are spaced apart from the cutting teeth. The second excavation driving member can be a rotating component such as a motor or a hydraulic motor, and the second excavation driving member is installed inside the second excavation arm 321 or the second drum 322. The second excavation driving member drives the second drum 322 to rotate at a high speed, and the softer layer can be efficiently excavated through the cutting teeth, and at the same time, the harder layer can be efficiently excavated through the wedge-shaped shell knives.

[0087] It should be noted that the third cutting tool 324 protrudes radially from the second cutting tool 323. As Figure 6 shown, that is, the excavation diameter of the third cutting tool 324 is slightly larger than that of the second cutting tool 323. The third cutting tool 324 can first split for the first time, and then the second cutting tool 323 can perform secondary crushing, which has a significant effect on the excavation of soil layers or rock layers with alternating soft and hard.

[0088] Of course, the second excavation mechanism 320 can also be replaced by other types of excavation mechanisms, and any mechanism that can meet the efficient excavation of the softer layer or the harder layer can be used. No specific limitation is made in this embodiment.

[0089] Furthermore, as Figure 1As shown in the figure, in this embodiment, the second excavation mechanism 320 further includes a second radial driving member 325. The second excavation arm 321 swings relative to the base 210 along the radial direction of the shaft 10. The second radial driving member 325 is connected to the second excavation arm 321 and is used to drive the second excavation arm 321 to swing for excavation along the radial direction of the shaft 10.

[0090] With such a setting, the upper end of the second excavation arm 321 can be rotatably connected to the base 210 through a rotating shaft so that the lower end of the second excavation arm 321 swings in a direction close to or away from the axis of the shaft 10. The second radial driving member 325 can be a telescopic member such as an oil cylinder, a cylinder, or an electric push rod. One end of the second radial driving member 325 is rotatably connected to the base 210, and the other end of the second radial driving member 325 is rotatably connected to the second excavation arm 321. When the second radial driving member 325 expands and contracts, it can drive the second excavation arm 321 to swing along the radial direction of the shaft 10 to achieve radial excavation.

[0091] Of course, the second radial driving member 325 can also be replaced by other types of driving mechanisms, and any mechanism that can satisfy the radial excavation of the second excavation arm 321 along the shaft 10 is acceptable, and no specific limitation is made in this embodiment.

[0092] Exemplarily, in combination with Figure 1 、 Figure 7 、 Figure 8 As shown in the figure, in this embodiment, the third excavation mechanism 330 includes a third excavation arm 331, a third drum 332, a hob 333, and a third excavation driving member. One end of the third excavation arm 331 is connected to the base 210, and the other end of the third excavation arm 331 is provided with the third drum 332. The hob 333 is connected to the circumferential side of the third drum 332. The third excavation driving member is connected to the third drum 332 and is used to drive the third drum 332 to rotate for excavating the hard layer through the hob 333.

[0093] With such a setting, the third excavation arm 331 provides an installation basis for the third drum 332, the hob 333, and the third excavation driving member to ensure that the hard layer can be excavated. Specifically, one end of the third excavation arm 331 can be rotatably or radially movably connected to the bottom of the base 210, and the other end of the third excavation arm 331 extends downward or obliquely downward. The third drum 332 can be rotatably installed at the downward end of the third excavation arm 331 through a bearing assembly, and the rotation axis is arranged horizontally. A plurality of hobs 333 can be provided, and the plurality of hobs 333 can be staggered on the circumferential side of the third drum 332. The third excavation driving member can also be a rotating member such as a motor or a hydraulic motor, and the third excavation driving member is installed inside the third excavation arm 331 or the third drum 332. The third excavation driving member drives the third drum 332 to rotate at a high speed, and efficient excavation of hard soil layers or rock layers can be achieved through the hobs 333.

[0094] Of course, the third excavation mechanism 330 can also be replaced by other types of excavation mechanisms, and any mechanism that can meet the requirement of efficiently excavating hard soil layers or rock layers is acceptable. No specific limitation is made in this embodiment.

[0095] Further, continuing as Figure 2 shown, in this embodiment, the third excavation mechanism 330 further includes a third radial driving member 334. The third excavation arm 331 swings relative to the base 210 along the radial direction of the shaft 10. The third radial driving member 334 is connected to the third excavation arm 331 and is used to drive the third excavation arm 331 to swing so as to excavate along the radial direction of the shaft 10.

[0096] With such a setting, the upper end of the third excavation arm 331 can be rotatably connected to the base 210 through a rotating shaft, so that the lower end of the third excavation arm 331 swings in a direction close to or away from the axis of the shaft 10. The third radial driving member 334 can be a telescopic member such as an oil cylinder, a cylinder, or an electric push rod. One end of the third radial driving member 334 is rotatably connected to the base 210, and the other end of the third radial driving member 334 is rotatably connected to the third excavation arm 331. When the third radial driving member 334 expands and contracts, it can drive the third excavation arm 331 to swing along the radial direction of the shaft 10 to achieve radial excavation.

[0097] Of course, the third radial driving member 334 can also be replaced by other types of driving mechanisms, and any mechanism that can meet the requirement of the third excavation arm 331 excavating along the radial direction of the shaft 10 is acceptable. No specific limitation is made in this embodiment.

[0098] In some embodiments, the excavation arm is a telescopic arm and expands and contracts in a direction close to or away from the base 210. As Figures 1 - 2 shown, that is, the first excavation arm 311 or the second excavation arm 321 or the third excavation arm 331 is a telescopic arm and expands and contracts in a direction close to or away from the base 210. In this way, when each excavation arm extends, each roller can be moved in the depth direction of the shaft 10 to adjust the excavation depth.

[0099] Exemplarily, not shown in the figure, the telescopic arm can be composed of an upper arm, a lower arm, and a telescopic rod. The upper arm and the lower arm are nested to ensure that the lower arm can expand and contract relative to the upper arm. The telescopic rod is respectively connected to the upper arm and the lower arm to drive the lower arm to expand and contract. Of course, the telescopic arm can also be replaced by other mechanisms with telescopic functions. No excessive limitation is made in this embodiment.

[0100] In some embodiments, a slurry pump 340 is provided on at least one of the first excavation mechanism 310, the second excavation mechanism 320, and the third excavation mechanism 330. The slurry pump 340 is connected to the excavation arm and is close to the drum. In this way, the slurry pump 340 can transport the excavated rock slag and the like to the slurry treatment station outside the shaft 10. The specific model, installation position, etc. of the slurry pump 340 can be determined according to actual needs and are not specifically limited in this embodiment.

[0101] This embodiment also provides a shaft excavation system, which includes a control unit and the shaft excavation equipment provided in any of the above embodiments. The control unit includes an identification device and a controller. The identification device is arranged on the slewing unit and is used to identify the geological characteristics of the current excavation position and feed them back to the controller. The controller is electrically connected to the slewing unit 200. The controller selects one of the first excavation mechanism 310, the second excavation mechanism 320, and the third excavation mechanism 330 according to different identification results, and controls the slewing unit 200 to rotate so that the selected excavation mechanism is adjusted to the current excavation position for excavation.

[0102] Among them, the structure of the shaft excavation equipment has been described in detail in the above embodiments and will not be elaborated here one by one.

[0103] Exemplarily, as Figure 2 shown, the identification device is used to identify the geological characteristics of the excavation position. The identification device can be arranged at the installation position 211 on the base 210. An identification device can be correspondingly arranged for each excavation mechanism, which can be a scanner, an image recognition module, etc. For example, the identification device is an image recognition module. By comparing the geological image of the current excavation position with the images of various types of soil, rock, and minerals in the library, the geological softness and hardness of the current excavation position can be roughly obtained. Thus, the controller can select one of the first excavation mechanism 310, the second excavation mechanism 320, and the third excavation mechanism 330 according to the identification result, and control the slewing unit 200 to rotate so that the selected excavation mechanism is adjusted to the current excavation position for excavation. Thereby, automated excavation is realized, the tunneling efficiency is maximized, and the service life of the cutter is guaranteed.

[0104] Of course, the identification device can also be replaced by other types of identification devices, as long as they can basically obtain the geological softness and hardness of the current excavation position through identification and analysis. There is no specific limitation in this embodiment.

[0105] In summary, the shaft excavation system provided by the embodiment of the present utility model is configured with a shaft excavation device, including a device main body 100, a rotary unit 200, and an excavation unit 300. The device main body 100 is supported on the shaft wall of the shaft 10, and the rotary unit 200 is arranged on the device main body 100. Among them, the excavation unit 300 at least includes a first excavation mechanism 310, a second excavation mechanism 320, and a third excavation mechanism 330 that are arranged at intervals on the rotary unit 200. The rotary unit 200 drives the first excavation mechanism 310, the second excavation mechanism 320, and the third excavation mechanism 330 to rotate around the axis of the shaft 10 to adjust the excavation position. The first excavation mechanism 310, the second excavation mechanism 320, and the third excavation mechanism 330 are respectively used to excavate geological layers of different hardnesses. By setting a plurality of excavation mechanisms that can adapt to the excavation of geological layers of different hardnesses, and driving each excavation mechanism to rotate by the rotary unit 200 to adjust the excavation position, the corresponding excavation mechanism can be selectively used for the geological layers of different hardnesses at the current excavation position, thus ensuring the tunneling efficiency.

[0106] Those skilled in the art will readily conceive of other embodiments of the present application after considering the specification and practicing the invention disclosed herein. The present application is intended to cover any variations, uses, or adaptations of the present application, which follow the general principles of the present application and include common general knowledge or conventional technical means in the technical field not disclosed in the present application. The specification and embodiments are only regarded as exemplary, and the true scope and spirit of the present application are pointed out by the following claims.

[0107] It should be understood that the present application is not limited to the exact structures described above and shown in the drawings, and various modifications and changes can be made without departing from its scope. The scope of the present application is only limited by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A shaft excavation device, characterized in that, It includes a device main body, a slewing unit and an excavation unit. The device main body is used to support on the shaft wall of a vertical shaft, and the slewing unit is arranged on the device main body; The excavation unit at least includes a first excavation mechanism, a second excavation mechanism and a third excavation mechanism which are arranged at intervals on the slewing unit. The slewing unit drives the first excavation mechanism, the second excavation mechanism and the third excavation mechanism to rotate around the axis of the vertical shaft to adjust the excavation position; The first excavation mechanism, the second excavation mechanism and the third excavation mechanism are respectively used for excavating geological layers with different hardnesses.

2. The shaft excavation equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The slewing unit includes a base and a slewing drive. The base is located below the device main body and is connected to the device main body; The slewing drive is connected to the base and is used to drive the base to rotate relative to the device main body around the axis of the vertical shaft.

3. The shaft excavation equipment according to claim 2, characterized in that, The first excavation mechanism, the second excavation mechanism and the third excavation mechanism all include an excavation arm, a drum, an excavation drive and excavation cutters. One end of the excavation arm is connected to the base, and the other end of the excavation arm installs the drum; The excavation drive is connected to the drum and is used to drive the drum to rotate; The excavation cutters are connected to the circumferential side of the drum. The excavation cutters in the first excavation mechanism, the second excavation mechanism and the third excavation mechanism are respectively used for excavating geological layers with different hardnesses.

4. The shaft excavation equipment according to claim 3, characterized in that, The excavation cutter on the first excavation mechanism includes a first cutting cutter, and the first cutting cutter is used for excavating a soft layer.

5. The shaft excavation equipment according to claim 3, characterized in that, The excavation cutters on the second excavation mechanism include a second cutting cutter and a third cutting cutter, and the third cutting cutter protrudes radially from the second cutting cutter along the drum; The second cutting cutter is used for excavating a relatively soft layer, and the third cutting cutter is used for excavating a relatively hard layer.

6. The shaft excavation equipment according to claim 3, characterized in that The excavation cutter on the third excavation mechanism includes a hob, and the hob is used for excavating a hard layer.

7. The shaft excavation equipment according to claim 3, characterized in that, The first excavation mechanism, the second excavation mechanism and the third excavation mechanism all further include a radial drive. The radial drive is connected to the excavation arm and is used to drive the excavation arm to swing radially relative to the base along the vertical shaft to excavate radially along the vertical shaft.

8. The shaft excavation equipment according to claim 3, characterized in that The excavation arm is a telescopic arm and can telescope in the direction of approaching or departing from the base.

9. The shaft excavation equipment according to any one of claims 3 to 8, characterized in that At least one of the first excavation mechanism, the second excavation mechanism and the third excavation mechanism is provided with a mud pump. The mud pump is connected to the excavation arm and is close to the drum.

10. A shaft excavation system, characterized in that, It includes a control unit and a vertical shaft excavation device as described in any one of claims 1 to 9. The control unit includes an identification device and a controller; The identification device is arranged on the slewing unit and is used to identify the geological characteristics of the current excavation position and feedback them to the controller; The controller selects one from the first excavation mechanism, the second excavation mechanism and the third excavation mechanism according to the identification result, and controls the slewing unit to rotate so that the selected excavation mechanism is adjusted to the current excavation position for excavation.

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