Tool for thermal runaway of cylindrical battery
By designing the thermal runaway tool for cylindrical batteries, the problems of unsatisfactory test results and high cost in the prior art are solved, and quantitative characterization and cost control of thermal runaway are realized.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202421514862.1
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-06-28
- Publication Date
- 2025-07-08
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-06-28
AI Technical Summary
The lack of special testing tools in the prior art leads to unsatisfactory results of battery thermal runaway tests, high cost, poor versatility, and the inability to quantify the intensity of thermal runaway.
A thermal runaway cylindrical battery is designed, including a basin, a battery installation mechanism and a temperature detection mechanism. The battery is fixed through an insulating tray and a connecting column. The temperature detection mechanism is set under the battery, which can adjust the detection distance and prevent high-temperature substances from directly impacting the explosion-proof box.
It reduces damage to the battery case, reduces sample preparation time, quantifies the intensity of thermal runaway, protects the box and facilitates residue cleaning, and reduces testing costs.
Smart Images
Figure CN223079174U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of battery manufacturing, and particularly relates to a tooling for thermal runaway of cylindrical batteries. Background Technique
[0002] Power batteries have a probability of internal short circuit under abuse conditions such as mechanical shock, high-temperature heating, overcharging, etc. The exothermic reaction that occurs causes the internal pressure and temperature to continue to rise. When the accumulation reaches a certain level, thermal runaway phenomena such as overheating, fire, and explosion will occur, which restricts the further development of power batteries. Therefore, during the development of power batteries, it is very necessary to carry out a large number of thermal runaway verification tests to ensure the safety of power batteries.
[0003] In the current conventional battery thermal runaway tests, most do not use special test tooling for thermal runaway, and the test process and results are not ideal. The reasons are as follows: First, the conventional thermal runaway test only judges whether thermal runaway occurs and does not quantitatively characterize the severity of thermal runaway, so the depth of the test results is insufficient. Second, when the battery catches fire or explodes after thermal runaway, on the one hand, it will damage the charge and discharge wires and temperature sensor wires connected to the battery, and in severe cases, it will also damage the explosion-proof box. The test cost is high, and the preparation cycle for retesting is long. On the other hand, the control and detection of the battery are interrupted, and the integrity of the test results cannot be guaranteed. Third, there are many ways to trigger the thermal runaway of the battery and the inconsistent sizes of different models of batteries make it difficult for the conventional thermal runaway battery tooling to be universal, requiring high material costs and space costs. Content of the Utility Model
[0004] The purpose of the utility model is to overcome the problem in the prior art that the conventional battery thermal runaway test lacks special test tooling and the test process and results are not ideal, and to provide a tooling for thermal runaway of cylindrical batteries.
[0005] The utility model provides a tooling for thermal runaway of cylindrical batteries, which includes a basin body, a battery installation mechanism, and a temperature detection mechanism. The battery installation mechanism is arranged on the basin body, and the battery installation mechanism can fix the cylindrical battery. The temperature detection mechanism is arranged at the bottom of the basin body, and the temperature detection mechanism is located below the battery installation mechanism. The temperature detection mechanism can detect the temperature when the cylindrical battery undergoes thermal runaway.
[0006] The tooling for thermal runaway of cylindrical batteries fixes and installs the batteries through a battery installation mechanism. There is no need to weld the battery connection piece, which reduces the damage to the battery case and shortens the sample preparation time. A temperature detection mechanism is arranged below the battery installation mechanism, and the distance between the temperature detection mechanism and the explosion-proof valve at the bottom of the battery can be adjusted as required. When the battery undergoes thermal runaway and the valve opens for spraying, the temperature value can be detected to quantitatively characterize the severity of the battery thermal runaway. By setting a basin, the high-temperature substances sprayed during the thermal runaway of the battery will not directly impact the explosion-proof box body. Most of the high-temperature substances will remain at the bottom of the tooling, protecting the box body and facilitating the cleaning of test residues.
[0007] Preferably, the battery installation mechanism includes an insulating tray, an insulating cover plate, an insulating positioning plate, and connecting columns. The connecting columns include a first connecting column and a second connecting column. At least two second connecting columns are arranged at the bottom of the insulating tray, and at least two first connecting columns are arranged at the top. The insulating positioning plate is arranged in the middle of the first connecting column, and the insulating cover plate is arranged at the top. A connecting circular tube is slidably arranged on the first connecting column, and the insulating positioning plate is fixedly connected below the insulating cover plate through the connecting circular tube. The arrangement of the first connecting column and the insulating tray enables the insulating tray to adjust the distance from the bottom of the basin, that is, to adjust the distance between the insulating tray and the temperature detection mechanism, so that the distance between the temperature detection mechanism and the explosion-proof valve at the bottom of the battery can be adjusted as required. The arrangement of the second connecting column, the insulating positioning plate, and the insulating cover plate enables the distance between the insulating tray and the insulating positioning plate to be adjusted, so as to be applicable to batteries of different length models.
[0008] Preferably, a first through hole and a second through hole are respectively formed in the centers of the insulating tray and the insulating positioning plate. The diameter of the first through hole is greater than or equal to the diameter of the battery explosion-proof valve. The second through hole is used for radially positioning the battery. The first through hole is provided so that the high-temperature substances sprayed when the battery undergoes thermal runaway and the valve opens can pass through the first through hole and directly impact the temperature detection mechanism at the bottom of the tooling. The second through hole is a circular hole in the middle of the positioning insulating plate with the same or slightly larger size as the direct size of the cylindrical battery, which plays a role in radially positioning the battery.
[0009] Preferably, two mounting holes are provided in the insulating cover plate. Pull rods are slidably arranged in the two mounting holes. A voltage-conducting block is arranged at the bottom end of each pull rod. A spring is sleeved on each pull rod. Two ends of the spring respectively abut against the voltage-conducting block and the insulating cover plate. A limiting shaft is arranged at the top end of the pull rod, and the limiting shaft is located above the insulating cover plate. The mounting holes are used for arranging the pull rods. The voltage-conducting blocks arranged at the bottom ends of the pull rods are used for connecting the positive and negative electrodes of the battery to achieve charging. The spring is arranged to apply a pre-tightening force to the pull rod, so that the voltage-conducting block arranged at its bottom end can stably abut against the positive or negative electrode area at the top of the battery.
[0010] Preferably, conductive limiting circular tubes are respectively arranged at the tops of the two mounting holes. The tops of the two conductive limiting circular tubes respectively abut against the limiting shafts. Since the pull rods are slidably arranged, it is easy for the power supply wires to fall off during connection, resulting in poor contact and affecting the test results. Therefore, the conductive limiting circular tubes are arranged to facilitate the connection of the power supply wires and charge the battery.
[0011] Preferably, a positive terminal and a negative terminal are respectively arranged on the two conductive limiting circular tubes. Insulating gaskets are arranged at the bottoms of the positive terminal and the negative terminal. The positive terminal and the negative terminal are used for connecting the fixed wires, and the insulating gaskets are arranged to prevent short circuits during connection.
[0012] Preferably, wire harness protection routing grooves are oppositely arranged on both sides of the battery mounting mechanism. The wire harness protection routing grooves are L-shaped. One end of each wire harness protection routing groove is fixedly connected to both sides of the insulating cover plate, and the other end is slidably connected to the limiting brackets. The limiting brackets are arranged on both sides of the basin body. The wire harness protection routing grooves are arranged to constrain and fix the power supply wires connected to the power supply, prevent the impact of flames and high-temperature substances during battery thermal runaway, and avoid damage to the wire harness. Since the insulating cover plate will be adjusted in height according to the length models of the batteries used during testing, the limiting brackets are arranged to enable the wire harness protection routing grooves to be adjusted along with the adjustment of the insulating cover plate.
[0013] Preferably, the temperature detection mechanism includes a support base and a wiring channel. A heat transfer copper sheet is arranged on the support base. A temperature-sensitive wire is arranged in the wiring channel. The temperature-sensitive wire is connected to the heat transfer copper sheet. The wiring channel is arranged to protect the temperature-sensitive wire, prevent the impact of flames and high-temperature substances during battery thermal runaway. The heat transfer copper sheet is fixedly connected to the support base by screws. A wiring channel is arranged inside the support base. The temperature-sensitive wire passes through the wiring channel and is connected to the heat transfer copper sheet, and the severity of battery thermal runaway is detected by sensing and transmitting temperature information.
[0014] Preferably, a heating sheet or a heating ceramic is provided on the side surface of the battery. The heating sheet or the heating ceramic is provided because in addition to overcharge runaway, there is also heating runaway in battery thermal runaway.
[0015] Preferably, the insulating tray, the insulating cover plate, the insulating positioning plate, and the insulating gasket are all provided as insulating material components.
[0016] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present utility model are as follows:
[0017] For the tooling for thermal runaway of the cylindrical battery, the battery is fixedly installed through the battery installation mechanism, without the need for welding connection pieces of the battery, reducing the damage to the battery shell and shortening the sample preparation time. And a temperature detection mechanism is provided below the battery installation mechanism, and the distance between the temperature detection mechanism and the explosion-proof valve at the bottom of the battery can be adjusted as required. When the battery undergoes thermal runaway and the valve opens for spraying, the temperature value can be detected to quantitatively characterize the severity of the battery thermal runaway. And by providing a basin body, the high-temperature substances sprayed during the thermal runaway of the battery will not directly impact the explosion-proof box body, and most of the high-temperature substances will remain at the bottom of the tooling, protecting the box body and facilitating the cleaning of the test residues. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0018] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of the present utility model.
[0019] Figure 2 It is a schematic structural diagram of the battery installation mechanism of the present utility model.
[0020] Figure 3 It is a partial sectional structural diagram of the present utility model.
[0021] Figure 4 It is a schematic structural diagram of the temperature detection mechanism of the present utility model.
[0022] Markings in the figure: 1 - basin body, 2 - battery installation mechanism, 3 - temperature detection mechanism, 4 - insulating cover plate, 5 - insulating positioning plate, 6 - insulating tray, 7 - first connecting column, 8 - second connecting column, 9 - connecting circular tube, 10 - pull rod, 11 - voltage-conducting block, 12 - spring, 13 - conductive limiting circular tube, 14 - positive terminal, 15 - negative terminal, 16 - insulating gasket, 17 - first through hole, 18 - second through hole, 19 - heat-transfer copper sheet, 20 - support base, 21 - wiring channel, 22 - temperature-sensing wire, 23 - wire harness protection wiring groove, 24 - limiting bracket. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS
[0023] The present utility model will be further described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments. However, it should not be understood that the scope of the above-mentioned subject matter of the present utility model is limited to the following embodiments. All technologies implemented based on the content of the present utility model belong to the scope of the present utility model.
[0024] Unless otherwise specified, in the description of the specific embodiments of the present invention, the expression terms indicating the orientation or positional relationship such as "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "center", "inner", "outer", etc. are all based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship when the product / device / installation of the present invention is commonly used. These terms of orientation or positional relationship are only for the convenience of describing the solution of the present invention or simplifying the description in the specific embodiments, so as to facilitate technicians to quickly understand the solution, rather than indicating or implying that a specific device / component / element must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific positional relationship. Therefore, it should not be construed as a limitation to the present invention.
[0025] In addition, when terms such as "horizontal", "vertical", "hanging", "parallel" appear, it does not mean that the corresponding device / component / element is required to be absolutely horizontal or vertical or hanging or parallel, but it can be slightly inclined or have a deviation. For example, "horizontal" only means that its direction is more horizontal relative to "vertical", and does not mean that the structure must be completely horizontal, but it can be slightly inclined. Or, it can be simply understood that the corresponding device / component / element is arranged in the directions of "horizontal", "vertical", "hanging", "parallel", etc., and can have an error / deviation of ±10% relative to the corresponding direction setting, more preferably within ±8%, more preferably within ±6%, more preferably within ±5%, more preferably within ±4%. As long as the corresponding device / component / element is within the error / deviation range, it can still achieve its function in the solution of the present invention.
[0026] In addition, when expressions such as "first", "second", "third", etc. appear in the terms, they are only used to distinguish the description of the same or similar components, and should not be construed as emphasizing or implying the relative importance of specific components.
[0027] In addition, in the description of the embodiments of the present invention, "several", "multiple", "a number of" represent at least 2. It can be any situation such as 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, etc., and even can be a situation of more than 9.
[0028] In addition, in the description of the technical solution of the present utility model, unless otherwise clearly specified / defined / restricted, where the terms "set", "installed", "connected", "linked", "provided with", "laid", "arranged" appear, they should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection. It can be connection means commonly used in the art such as welding, riveting, bolting, threaded connection, etc. Such a connection can be a mechanical connection, an electrical connection or a communication connection; it can be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be the communication inside two components.
[0029] Embodiment 1
[0030] As Figure 1 、 Figure 2 、 Figure 3 、 Figure 4 As shown in, a tool for thermal runaway of cylindrical batteries includes a basin body 1, a battery installation mechanism 2 and a temperature detection mechanism 3. The basin body 1 is provided with a battery installation mechanism 2, the battery installation mechanism 2 can fix the cylindrical battery, the bottom of the basin body 1 is provided with a temperature detection mechanism 3, the temperature detection mechanism 3 is located below the battery installation mechanism 2, and the temperature detection mechanism 3 can detect the temperature when the cylindrical battery undergoes thermal runaway.
[0031] Those skilled in the art can understand that for this tool for thermal runaway of cylindrical batteries, the battery is fixedly installed through the battery installation mechanism 2, without the need for battery welding connection pieces, reducing the damage to the battery shell and the sample preparation time; and a temperature detection mechanism 3 is provided below the battery installation mechanism 2, and the distance between the temperature detection mechanism 3 and the bottom explosion-proof valve of the battery can be adjusted as needed. When the battery undergoes thermal runaway and the valve opens and sprays, the temperature value can be detected to quantitatively characterize the severity of the battery thermal runaway; and by setting the basin body 1, the high-temperature substances sprayed during the thermal runaway of the battery will not directly impact the explosion-proof box body, and most of the high-temperature substances will remain at the bottom of the tool, protecting the box body and facilitating the cleaning of test residues.
[0032] In a preferred solution, the battery installation mechanism 2 includes an insulating tray 6, an insulating cover plate 4, an insulating positioning plate 5 and connecting columns. The connecting columns include a first connecting column 7 and a second connecting column 8. At least two second connecting columns 8 are provided at the bottom of the insulating tray 6, and at least two first connecting columns 7 are provided at the top. The insulating positioning plate 5 is provided in the middle of the first connecting column 7, and the insulating cover plate 4 is provided at the top. A connecting circular tube 9 is slidably arranged on the first connecting column 7, and the insulating positioning plate 5 is fixedly connected below the insulating cover plate 4 through the connecting circular tube 9.
[0033] Those skilled in the art can understand that the setting of the first connecting column 7 and the insulating tray 6 enables the insulating tray 6 to adjust the distance from the bottom of the basin body 1, that is, to adjust the distance between the insulating tray 6 and the temperature detection mechanism 3, so that the distance between the temperature detection mechanism 3 and the bottom explosion-proof valve of the battery can be adjusted as required; the setting of the second connecting column 8, the insulating positioning plate 5 and the insulating cover plate 4 enables the distance between the insulating tray 6 and the insulating positioning plate 5 to be adjusted, so as to be applicable to batteries of different length models.
[0034] In a preferred solution, a first through hole 17 and a second through hole 18 are respectively formed in the centers of the insulating tray 6 and the insulating positioning plate 5. The diameter of the first through hole 17 is greater than or equal to the battery explosion-proof valve, and the second through hole 18 is used for radially positioning the battery.
[0035] Those skilled in the art can understand that the setting of the first through hole 17 is for the high-temperature substances ejected by the battery thermal runaway valve opening to pass through the first through hole 17 and directly impact the temperature detection mechanism 3 at the bottom of the tooling; the second through hole 18 is a round hole in the middle of the positioning insulating plate with the same or slightly larger size as the cylindrical battery, which plays a role in radially positioning the battery.
[0036] In a preferred solution, two mounting holes are formed in the insulating cover plate 4. A pull rod 10 is slidably arranged in each of the two mounting holes. A voltage-conducting block 11 is arranged at the bottom end of the pull rod 10. A spring 12 is sleeved on the pull rod 10. Two ends of the spring 12 respectively abut against the voltage-conducting block 11 and the insulating cover plate 4. A limiting shaft is arranged at the top end of the pull rod 10, and the limiting shaft is located above the insulating cover plate 4.
[0037] Those skilled in the art can understand that the mounting holes are provided for arranging the pull rod 10. The voltage-conducting block 11 arranged at the bottom end of the pull rod 10 is used for connecting the positive and negative electrodes of the battery to realize charging. The spring 12 is provided to give a pre-tightening force to the pull rod 10, so that the voltage-conducting block 11 arranged at its bottom end can stably abut against the positive or negative electrode area at the top of the battery.
[0038] In a preferred solution, conductive limiting circular tubes 13 are respectively arranged at the tops of the two mounting holes, and the tops of the two conductive limiting circular tubes 13 respectively abut against the limiting shaft.
[0039] Those skilled in the art can understand that since the pull rod 10 is slidably arranged, it is easy to fall off when connecting the power supply line, resulting in poor contact and affecting the test result. Therefore, the conductive limiting circular tube 13 is provided to facilitate connecting the power supply line and charging the battery.
[0040] In a preferred embodiment, a positive terminal 14 and a negative terminal 15 are respectively arranged on the two conductive limiting circular tubes 13, and insulating gaskets 16 are arranged at the bottoms of the positive terminal 14 and the negative terminal 15.
[0041] Those skilled in the art can understand that the positive terminal 14 and the negative terminal 15 are arranged to connect the fixed wires, and the insulating gasket 16 is arranged to prevent short circuit during connection.
[0042] In a preferred embodiment, wire harness protection routing grooves 23 are oppositely arranged on both sides of the battery mounting mechanism 2. The wire harness protection routing grooves 23 are L-shaped. One end of the wire harness protection routing grooves 23 is fixedly connected to both sides of the insulating cover plate 4, and the other end is slidably connected to the limiting brackets 24. The limiting brackets 24 are arranged on both sides of the basin body 1.
[0043] Those skilled in the art can understand that the wire harness protection routing grooves 23 are arranged to constrain and fix the power wires connecting the power supply, prevent the impact of flames and high-temperature substances during battery thermal runaway, and avoid damage to the wire harness; since the insulating cover plate 4 will be adjusted in height according to the length model of the battery used during testing, the limiting brackets 24 are arranged to enable the wire harness protection routing grooves 23 to be adjusted along with the adjustment of the insulating cover plate 4.
[0044] In a preferred embodiment, the temperature detection mechanism 3 includes a support base 20 and a wiring channel 21. A heat transfer copper sheet 19 is arranged on the support base 20, and a temperature sensing wire 22 is arranged in the wiring channel 21. The temperature sensing wire 22 is connected to the heat transfer copper sheet 19.
[0045] Those skilled in the art can understand that the wiring channel 21 is arranged to protect the temperature sensing wire 22 installed therein, prevent the impact of flames and high-temperature substances during battery thermal runaway; the heat transfer copper sheet 19 is fixedly connected to the support base 20 by screws. A wiring channel 21 is arranged inside the support base 20, and the temperature sensing wire 22 passes through the wiring channel 21 and is connected to the heat transfer copper sheet 19 to detect the severity of battery thermal runaway by sensing and transmitting temperature information.
[0046] In a preferred embodiment, a heating sheet or a heating ceramic is arranged on the side surface of the battery.
[0047] Those skilled in the art can understand that the heating sheet or the heating ceramic is provided because in addition to overcharging triggering thermal runaway, battery thermal runaway can also be triggered by heating, which can be applied to battery thermal runaway tests with different triggering methods.
[0048] In a preferred embodiment, the insulating tray 6, the insulating cover plate 4, the insulating positioning plate 5 and the insulating gasket 16 are all arranged as insulating components.
[0049] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present utility model and are not intended to limit the present utility model. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present utility model shall be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.
Claims
1. An industrial tool for thermal runaway of cylindrical batteries, characterized in that It includes a basin body (1), a battery installation mechanism (2) and a temperature detection mechanism (3). The basin body (1) is provided with the battery installation mechanism (2), and the battery installation mechanism (2) can fix cylindrical batteries. The bottom of the basin body (1) is provided with the temperature detection mechanism (3), and the temperature detection mechanism (3) is located below the battery installation mechanism (2). The temperature detection mechanism (3) can detect the temperature when the cylindrical battery has a thermal runaway.
2. The fixture for thermal runaway of a cylindrical battery according to claim 1, characterized in that, The battery installation mechanism (2) includes an insulating tray (6), an insulating cover plate (4), an insulating positioning plate (5) and connecting columns. The connecting columns include a first connecting column (7) and a second connecting column (8). At least two of the second connecting columns (8) are provided at the bottom of the insulating tray (6), and at least two of the first connecting columns (7) are provided at the top of the insulating tray (6). The insulating positioning plate (5) is provided in the middle of the first connecting column (7), and the insulating cover plate (4) is provided at the top of the first connecting column (7). A connecting circular tube (9) is slidably provided on the first connecting column (7), and the insulating positioning plate (5) is fixedly connected below the insulating cover plate (4) through the connecting circular tube (9).
3. The fixture for thermal runaway of a cylindrical battery according to claim 2, characterized in that A first through hole (17) and a second through hole (18) are respectively formed in the centers of the insulating tray (6) and the insulating positioning plate (5). The diameter of the first through hole (17) is greater than or equal to the diameter of the battery explosion-proof valve, and the second through hole (18) is used for radially positioning the battery.
4. The fixture for thermal runaway of cylindrical batteries according to claim 2, wherein, Two mounting holes are formed in the insulating cover plate (4), and pull rods (10) are respectively slidably provided in the two mounting holes. A voltage-conducting block (11) is provided at the bottom end of the pull rod (10). A spring (12) is sleeved on the pull rod (10), and the two ends of the spring (12) respectively abut against the voltage-conducting block (11) and the insulating cover plate (4). A limiting shaft is provided at the top end of the pull rod (10), and the limiting shaft is located above the insulating cover plate (4).
5. The fixture for thermal runaway of a cylindrical battery according to claim 4, wherein Conductive limiting circular tubes (13) are respectively provided at the tops of the two mounting holes, and the tops of the two conductive limiting circular tubes (13) respectively abut against the limiting shaft.
6. The fixture for thermal runaway of a cylindrical battery according to claim 5, characterized in that, A positive terminal (14) and a negative terminal (15) are respectively provided on the two conductive limiting circular tubes (13), and insulating gaskets (16) are provided at the bottoms of the positive terminal (14) and the negative terminal (15).
7. The fixture for thermal runaway of cylindrical batteries according to claim 2, characterized in that, Wire harness protection routing grooves (23) are oppositely provided on both sides of the battery installation mechanism (2). The wire harness protection routing grooves (23) are in an L shape. One end of the wire harness protection routing grooves (23) is fixedly connected to both sides of the insulating cover plate (4), and the other end is slidably connected to a limiting bracket (24). The limiting bracket (24) is provided on both sides of the basin body (1).
8. The fixture for thermal runaway of a cylindrical battery according to claim 1, characterized in that, The temperature detection mechanism (3) includes a support base (20) and a wiring channel (21). A heat transfer copper sheet (19) is provided on the support base (20), and a temperature-sensitive wire (22) is provided in the wiring channel (21). The temperature-sensitive wire (22) is connected to the heat transfer copper sheet (19).
9. The fixture for thermal runaway of a cylindrical battery according to claim 1, characterized in that, A heating sheet or a heating ceramic is provided on the side surface of the battery.
10. A fixture for thermal runaway of cylindrical batteries according to any one of claims 2-7, characterized in that, The insulating tray (6), the insulating cover plate (4), the insulating positioning plate (5) and the insulating gasket (16) are all provided as insulating material components.