Welding gun head with high energy concentration ratio and welding gun

Abstract

The utility model discloses a welding gun head with high energy concentration ratio and a welding gun, which belong to the field of welding gun structures, and comprise a gun head main body, a nozzle, a contact tube and a contact tube seat, the nozzle and the contact tube seat are sleeved on the gun head main body, the contact tube seat is positioned in the nozzle, and the contact tube is arranged on the contact tube seat; compared with a common MIG welding gun, the MIG welding gun has the advantages that the cooling function of the nozzle part is added, temperature difference is formed around a high-temperature electric arc, and a cooling wall is formed, so that the restraining effect of shielding gas on the electric arc is improved, the energy density of the electric arc is larger, the stiffness is higher, and the anti-jamming capability is higher; the welding stability is better, and the electric arc form is concentrated in a preset range; the protective gas passes through the three-time filter screen, so that the protective gas is more uniform and stable, and then the protective gas passes through the tapered contact tube and the reducing channel of the funnel-shaped nozzle, so that a further compression effect is achieved compared with the original nozzle, and the electric arc is more concentrated.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the field of welding torch structures, and particularly to a welding torch head and a welding torch with high energy concentration. Background Art

[0002] At present, the consumable electrode argon arc welding torches circulating in the market have been relatively mature. When welding aluminum and aluminum alloys by consumable electrode argon arc welding, due to the easy oxidation of aluminum and the unstable arc situation, in order to ensure the welding forming effect, the arc length cannot be too long during welding. Therefore, we cannot adopt the jet transition method with large current and long arc length, and the sub-merged arc droplet transition method can be used to improve the quality of the welded joint. In the above welding process, how to further make the welding arc energy more concentrated and improve the quality and speed of welding forming has become the development direction of consumable electrode argon arc welding technology (transforming the consumable electrode argon arc welding torch by imitating the plasma principle). In response to this, Chinese invention patent CN113579429B discloses a constrained consumable electrode gas shielded welding process and the nozzle structure used in this process. However, the protection gas channel of this solution is limited, resulting in a thinner wall layer of the protection gas, a decline in the protection effect, and a relatively weak energy constraint on the arc, which requires further innovation and improvement;

[0003] On the other hand, since the inert gases Ar and He required for MIG welding are more expensive than other protection gases, further reducing the usage of the inert gases Ar and He in MIG welding and reducing the usage cost of MIG welding are also the key to technological upgrading. Summary of the Utility Model

[0004] The utility model provides a welding torch head and a welding torch with high energy concentration, which can at least solve one of the problems pointed out in the background art.

[0005] A welding torch head with high energy concentration includes:

[0006] A torch head body, which is a hollow structure for passing through the shielding gas and welding raw materials;

[0007] A nozzle, which is a hollow structure and sleeved on the torch head body; and

[0008] A contact tip seat, which is a hollow structure, sleeved on the torch head body and located inside the nozzle, and a contact tip is installed on the contact tip seat;

[0009] Wherein, there is a variable diameter channel between the nozzle and the contact tip, the variable diameter channel contracts inward along the gas flow direction, and a first water channel is arranged inside the nozzle so that the shielding gas forms a cold gas film on the inner wall of the nozzle in the variable diameter channel area to realize the external constraint on the arc.

[0010] Preferably, a second water channel is arranged in the gun head body, and the second water channel is communicated with the first water channel.

[0011] Preferably, the hollow channel inside the gun head body, the hollow channel inside the contact tip seat, and the channel between the contact tip seat and the nozzle form an internal shielding gas channel;

[0012] A plurality of through holes are formed in the contact tip seat so that the hollow channel inside the contact tip seat is communicated with the channel between the contact tip seat and the nozzle.

[0013] Preferably, a first shunt and / or a second shunt is arranged in the internal shielding gas channel;

[0014] A plurality of first shunt holes are formed in the first shunt;

[0015] A plurality of second shunt holes are formed in the second shunt;

[0016] Preferably, the plurality of first shunt holes are circumferentially distributed on the first shunt and the center lines of the first shunt holes are perpendicular to the center line of the nozzle;

[0017] The plurality of second shunt holes are circumferentially distributed on the second shunt and the center lines of the second shunt holes are parallel to the center line of the nozzle.

[0018] Preferably, it further includes an external gas nozzle sleeved on the nozzle. There is an external shielding gas channel between the external gas nozzle and the nozzle, and at least one ventilation pipe communicated with the external shielding gas channel is arranged on the external gas nozzle.

[0019] Preferably, a third shunt is arranged in the external shielding gas channel. The third shunt is a hollow conical ring structure. The third shunt divides the external shielding gas channel into an upper channel and a lower channel, and a plurality of third shunt holes are formed in the third shunt to realize the communication between the upper channel and the lower channel.

[0020] Preferably, a sealing assembly for sealing connection with the nozzle is arranged on the upper part of the external gas nozzle. The sealing assembly includes a sealing groove formed in the external gas nozzle and a sealing ring filled in the sealing groove.

[0021] Preferably, the lower part of the nozzle is a funnel-shaped structure, and the contact tip is a conical structure.

[0022] A welding torch includes the above high energy concentration welding torch head, and further includes:

[0023] A wire feeding assembly; or

[0024] A powder feeding assembly having a plurality of powder feeding channels.

[0025] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the utility model are as follows:

[0026] 1. The nozzle is designed to be a hollow structure, and the cooling water that originally only passed through the gooseneck part of the welding torch is introduced into the nozzle and then flows back to the gooseneck to form a closed loop of the cooling water path; compared with an ordinary MIG welding torch, the cooling function of the nozzle part is increased, a temperature difference is generated around the high-temperature arc to form a cooling wall, thereby further improving the restraint effect of the shielding gas on the arc, making the energy density of the arc greater, the stiffness higher, the anti-interference ability stronger, the welding stability better, and the arc shape concentrated within a predetermined range, obtaining an arc with higher energy and higher concentration;

[0027] 2. The shielding gas passes through three filters, making the shielding gas more uniform and stable. Then, through the variable-diameter channels of the conical contact tip and the funnel-shaped nozzle, it plays a further compressing role compared with the original nozzle, making the arc more concentrated;

[0028] 3. The arc is secondarily compressed by the externally applied gas nozzle, improving the shielding effect of the shielding gas and further enhancing the anti-interference ability and concentration of the arc. Description of the Drawings

[0029] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of the welding torch tip;

[0030] Figure 2 It is a cross-sectional view of the welding torch tip;

[0031] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the gas path of the welding torch tip;

[0032] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the cooling water path of the welding torch;

[0033] Figure 5 It is an installation schematic diagram of the externally applied gas nozzle;

[0034] Figure 6 It is a schematic structural diagram of the third diverter.

[0035] Description of the Reference Numerals:

[0036] 1 - torch tip body, 2 - nozzle, 3 - contact tip, 4 - contact tip seat, 41 - through hole;

[0037] 5 - variable-diameter channel, 51 - first diverter, 511 - first diversion hole, 52 - second diverter, 521 - second diversion hole;

[0038] 6 - externally applied gas nozzle, 61 - external shielding gas channel, 62 - sealing groove, 621 - sealing ring, 63 - third diverter, 631 - third diversion hole, 64 - ventilation pipe, 65 - setscrew;

[0039] 7 - Cooling tank, 71 - Water through - hole;

[0040] 8 - Powder feeding assembly;

[0041] 11 - First water - way channel, 21 - Second water - way channel. Specific embodiments

[0042] The following combines with the attached drawings to describe in detail a specific embodiment of the present utility model. However, it should be understood that the protection scope of the present utility model is not limited by the specific embodiment.

[0043] Embodiment 1

[0044] As Figures 1 to 4 shown, a welding torch tip with high energy concentration provided by an embodiment of the present utility model includes a tip body 1, a nozzle 2, a contact tip 3, and a contact tip seat 4. The nozzle 2 and the contact tip seat 4 are both sleeved on the tip body 1. The contact tip seat 4 is located inside the nozzle 2, and the contact tip 3 is installed on the contact tip seat 4;

[0045] The tip body 1 is a hollow structure, and the internal channel is used to introduce shielding gas and welding raw materials. That is, the tip body 1 of this embodiment can be a powder - feeding plasma torch tip or a wire - feeding torch tip, which can be specifically designed according to the actual situation. This embodiment takes the wire - feeding torch tip using a welding wire as an example;

[0046] The nozzle 2 is a hollow structure, the lower part of which is funnel - shaped. A first water - way channel 11 is arranged inside it to achieve cooling of the nozzle 2. The funnel - shaped structure is convenient for compressing the shielding gas, imposing a certain restraint on the arc, so that the arc energy is better concentrated within a predetermined range;

[0047] The contact tip seat 4 is also a hollow structure. The internal hollow channel of the tip body 1 is communicated with the internal hollow channel of the contact tip seat 4. The internal shielding gas channel of the welding torch tip includes the internal hollow channel of the tip body 1, the internal hollow channel of the contact tip seat 4, and the channel between the contact tip seat 4 and the nozzle 2;

[0048] In order to make the shielding gas finally evenly fall around the arc to achieve the purpose of making the arc more stable, a three - stage filter screen structure is arranged in the internal shielding gas channel in this embodiment;

[0049] The first - stage filter screen structure:

[0050] A number of through - holes 41 are formed on the contact tip seat 4, and the shielding gas flows from the internal hollow channel of the contact tip seat 4 into the channel between the contact tip seat 4 and the nozzle 2 through the through - holes 41;

[0051] In order to make the shielding gas more stable and reduce turbulence, a number of through - holes 41 are evenly distributed circumferentially on the contact tip seat 4;

[0052] The second - stage filter sieve structure:

[0053] The first diverter 51 is sleeved on the nozzle holder 4. It covers the part of the nozzle holder 4 where a number of through - holes 41 are provided. That is, after the shielding gas passes through the through - holes 41, it first flows into the first diverter 51. A number of first diversion holes 511 are provided on the first diverter 51 and are evenly distributed circumferentially. The shielding gas flows into the channel between the nozzle 2 and the nozzle holder 4 through the number of first diversion holes 511;

[0054] In addition, the angle of the first diversion holes 511 on the first diverter 51 can be set as follows: The center line of the first diversion holes 511 is perpendicular to the center line of the nozzle 2, that is, the first diversion holes 511 are horizontal. Of course, the center line of the first diversion holes 511 can also form an angle not exceeding 45 degrees with the center line of the nozzle 2, which has a downward guiding effect on the shielding gas. If the angle is too large, it will cause the shielding gas to be disordered. In addition, the first diversion holes 511 can also be designed as an arc - shaped channel structure, which can complete the downward guiding effect while ensuring the stability of the shielding gas, effectively avoiding the shielding gas directly hitting the inside of the nozzle 2 and keeping the shielding gas in a stable state;

[0055] The third - stage filter sieve structure:

[0056] The second diverter 52 is sleeved on the nozzle holder 4. A number of second diversion holes 521 are provided on it and are evenly distributed circumferentially. The angle of the second diversion holes 521 on the second diverter 52 can be set as follows: The center lines of the number of second diversion holes 521 are parallel to the center line of the nozzle 2, that is, the second diversion holes 521 are in a vertical state. The shielding gas enters the reduced - diameter channel 5 between the nozzle 2 and the nozzle 3 through the second diversion holes 521;

[0057] As Figure 3 shown, the shielding gas enters the gun head main body 1 through the gas - specific pipeline at the upper end of the gooseneck, and then successively passes through the nozzle holder 4, the first filter sieve structure, the second filter sieve structure, the channel between the nozzle 2 and the nozzle holder 4, the third filter sieve structure, the reduced - diameter channel 5, and finally reaches the arc region;

[0058] In some embodiments, to reduce costs, only the above - mentioned first filter sieve structure is provided in the internal shielding gas channel;

[0059] In some embodiments, the above - mentioned first filter sieve structure and the second filter sieve structure are provided in the internal shielding gas channel;

[0060] In some embodiments, the above - mentioned first filter sieve structure and the third filter sieve structure are provided in the internal shielding gas channel;

[0061] The reduced-diameter channel 5 between the nozzle 2 and the contact tip 3 tapers inward along the gas flow direction. The contact tip 3 is located at the central position of the reduced-diameter channel 5. Under the compression of the reduced-diameter channel 5, the shielding gas exerts an external restraint on the arc;

[0062] In addition, a first water channel 11 is provided inside the nozzle 2, and the first water channel 11 covers the outside of the reduced-diameter channel 5;

[0063] In some other embodiments, as Figure 4 shown, a second water channel 21 is provided on the gun head body 1. A cooling groove 7 is provided on the gun head body. The cooling groove 7 is provided with a water through hole 71. The first water channel 11 and the second water channel 21 are communicated through the cooling groove 7;

[0064] The cooling water enters the cavity at the end of the gooseneck of the welding torch through the water cooling pipe, passes through the cooling groove 7 and the water through hole on one side of the nozzle 2, enters the sandwich layer of the welding torch, and then enters the gooseneck part through the water through hole on the other side of the nozzle 2 and the cooling groove 7. In this way, the cooling water can take away the heat of the components of the welding torch. Relative to the contact tip operating at high temperature, a cold air wall is formed;

[0065] That is, in the area where the shielding gas passes through the first water channel 11, a cold air film is formed on the inner wall of the nozzle 2 in this area. The cold air film further compresses the activity space of the shielding gas, thereby further improving the restraint effect of the shielding gas on the arc, making the arc shape concentrated within a predetermined range, and obtaining an arc with higher energy and higher concentration;

[0066] That is, after the shielding gas passes through the three-stage filter screen and passes through the reduced-diameter channel 5 of the contact tip 3 and the nozzle 2, it further compresses the shielding gas compared with the original nozzle, making the arc more concentrated, improving the concentration and anti-interference ability of the arc, and the welding performance is also more stable. The higher energy density of the arc can achieve high-speed welding (≥25 mm / s).

[0067] In addition, the shape of the contact tip 3 in this embodiment is a conical structure that matches the funnel-shaped nozzle 2. The materials of the contact tip 3 and the nozzle 2 are both chromium zirconium copper. Chromium zirconium copper is expensive, and its comprehensive performance of electrical conductivity and high-temperature wear resistance is good. The conical contact tip 3 in this embodiment uses less material and is more economical in terms of price than the ordinary contact tip 3;

[0068] The shape of the nozzle 2 in this embodiment is matched with the shape of the contact tip 3 and is also designed as a cone. The diameter of the gas outlet at the lowermost end is only 5 mm. Compared with the "normal" arc process, about 60% of the gas is saved. Of course, according to different working conditions, the gas outlet can also be designed to be 7 mm, 9 mm or other specifications.

[0069] Embodiment 2

[0070] Since the conical conductive nozzle 3 and the nozzle 2 in the first embodiment make the original inert protective gas wall layer thinner and the protective effect decreases, therefore, as Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 5 and Figure 6 show, a welding torch tip with high energy concentration proposed in this embodiment further includes an external gas nozzle 6 on the basis of the first embodiment. As Figure 5 shows, the external gas nozzle 6 is installed on the nozzle 2 through a setscrew 65, and a sealing component for sealing connection with the nozzle 2 is arranged on the upper part of the external gas nozzle 6;

[0071] There is an external protective gas channel 61 between the external gas nozzle 6 and the nozzle 2, and a third diverter 63 is arranged in the external protective gas channel 61. As Figure 6 shows, the third diverter 63 is a hollow conical ring structure. The third diverter divides the external protective gas channel 61 into an upper channel and a lower channel, and a number of third diversion holes 631 are opened on the third diverter 63 to realize the communication between the upper channel and the lower channel;

[0072] At least one ventilation pipe 64 is also arranged on the external gas nozzle 6. In this embodiment, two symmetrical ventilation pipes 64 are taken as an example, and the two ventilation pipes 64 communicate with the external protective gas channel 61;

[0073] As Figure 3 shows, the protective gas enters the external protective gas channel 61 from the ventilation pipe 64 and finally reaches the arc region through the third diverter 63;

[0074] The ventilation pipe 64 in this embodiment is made of copper pipe, and the sealing ring 621 is an O-ring;

[0075] The sealing component in this embodiment includes a sealing groove 62 opened on the external gas nozzle 6 and a sealing ring 621 filled in the sealing groove 62. The gap between the external gas nozzle 6 and the nozzle 2 is blocked by the sealing ring 621, forcing the protective gas to uniformly fall through the third diverter 63 to form a secondary gas barrier, performing secondary compression on the basis of the first embodiment, improving the protective effect of the protective gas, and further improving the anti-interference ability and concentration of the arc;

[0076] Embodiment Three

[0077] As Figure 1 shows, this embodiment proposes a welding torch, including the welding torch tip of the above-mentioned first embodiment or second embodiment. When the welding torch tips of the first embodiment and the second embodiment use welding wires, the welding torch in this embodiment further includes a powder feeding component 8. When applied to the first embodiment, the powder feeding component is sleeved on the nozzle 2. When applied to the second embodiment, the powder feeding component 8 is sleeved on the external gas nozzle 6, and the powder feeding component 8 has a loop or multiple powder feeding channels;

[0078] When the torch heads of the first embodiment and the second embodiment adopt powder-fed plasma torch heads, the torch of this embodiment further includes a wire feeding assembly, and the wire feeding assembly is arranged beside the torch head.

[0079] Both the powder feeding assembly 8 and the wire feeding assembly can adopt existing wire feeding / powder feeding devices, so they will not be elaborated here.

[0080] For those skilled in the art, it is obvious that the present invention is not limited to the details of the above-mentioned exemplary embodiments, and the present invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit and basic characteristics of the present invention. Therefore, from any point of view, the embodiments should be regarded as exemplary and non-limiting. The scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the above description. Therefore, all changes falling within the meaning and scope of the equivalent elements of the claims are intended to be included in the present invention. Any reference signs in the claims should not be regarded as limiting the claims involved.

[0081] In addition, it should be understood that although this specification is described according to the embodiments, not every embodiment only contains an independent technical solution. This narrative way of the specification is only for clarity. Those skilled in the art should regard the specification as a whole, and the technical solutions in each embodiment can also be appropriately combined to form other embodiments that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A welding torch tip with high energy concentration, characterized in that, Comprising: A gun head body (1), which is a hollow structure for introducing shielding gas and welding raw materials; A nozzle (2), which is a hollow structure and is sleeved on the gun head body (1); And A contact tip seat (4), which is a hollow structure, is sleeved on the gun head body (1) and is located inside the nozzle (2), and a contact tip (3) is installed on the contact tip seat (4); Wherein, there is a reduced-diameter channel (5) between the nozzle (2) and the contact tip (3), and the reduced-diameter channel (5) contracts inwards along the gas flow direction. A first water channel (11) is arranged inside the nozzle (2) so that the shielding gas forms a cold gas film on the inner wall of the nozzle (2) in the area of the reduced-diameter channel (5), realizing external restraint on the arc.

2. The high-energy-concentration welding torch tip according to claim 1, characterized in that, A second water channel (21) is arranged inside the gun head body (1), and the second water channel (21) communicates with the first water channel (11).

3. The high-energy-concentration welding torch tip according to claim 1, wherein The internal hollow channel of the gun head body (1), the internal hollow channel of the contact tip seat (4), and the channel between the contact tip seat (4) and the nozzle (2) constitute an internal shielding gas channel; A plurality of through holes (41) are opened on the contact tip seat (4) to communicate the internal hollow channel of the contact tip seat (4) with the channel between the contact tip seat (4) and the nozzle (2).

4. The high-energy-concentration welding torch tip according to claim 3, wherein A first flow divider (51) and / or a second flow divider (52) are arranged in the internal shielding gas channel; A plurality of first flow dividing holes (511) are opened on the first flow divider (51); A plurality of second flow dividing holes (521) are opened on the second flow divider (52).

5. The high-energy-concentration welding torch tip according to claim 4, characterized in that, A plurality of the first flow dividing holes (511) are circumferentially distributed on the first flow divider (51), and the center lines of the first flow dividing holes (511) are perpendicular to the center line of the nozzle (2); A plurality of the second flow dividing holes (521) are circumferentially distributed on the second flow divider (52), and the center lines of the second flow dividing holes (521) are parallel to the center line of the nozzle (2).

6. The high-energy-concentration welding torch tip according to claim 1, wherein It further includes an external gas nozzle (6) sleeved on the nozzle (2). There is an external shielding gas channel (61) between the external gas nozzle (6) and the nozzle (2), and at least one ventilation pipe (64) communicating with the external shielding gas channel (61) is arranged on the external gas nozzle (6).

7. The high-energy-concentration welding torch tip according to claim 6, characterized in that, A third flow divider (63) is arranged in the external shielding gas channel (61). The third flow divider (63) is a hollow conical ring structure. The third flow divider (63) divides the external shielding gas channel (61) into an upper channel and a lower channel, and a plurality of third flow dividing holes (631) are opened on the third flow divider (63) to realize the communication between the upper channel and the lower channel.

8. The high-energy-concentration welding torch tip according to claim 6, wherein, A sealing assembly for sealing connection with the nozzle (2) is arranged on the upper part of the external gas nozzle (6). The sealing assembly includes a sealing groove (62) opened on the external gas nozzle (6) and a sealing ring (621) filled in the sealing groove (62).

9. The high-energy-concentration welding torch tip according to claim 1, wherein, The lower part of the nozzle (2) is a funnel-shaped structure, and the contact tip (3) is a conical structure.

10. A welding torch, characterized in that, Comprising the high-energy concentration welding gun head according to any one of claims 1-9, it further includes: A wire feeding assembly; or A powder feeding component (8) having multiple powder feeding channels.

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