Outer circle clamp suitable for machining outer circle tooth surface type workpiece

Abstract

The utility model discloses an outer circle clamp suitable for machining outer circle tooth surface type workpieces, and belongs to the technical field of turning gear machining. In order to solve the technical problem of uniform clamping stress of a circular multi-tooth-surface workpiece, the utility model provides the multi-tooth-surface clamping device. According to the technical scheme, the chuck is characterized by comprising a chuck sleeve, a chuck body and a driving assembly, the chuck body is sleeved with the chuck sleeve, the inner side face of the chuck sleeve is a conical face flaring towards the outer end, the peripheral face of the chuck body is matched with the conical face in a matched mode, and the driving assembly is connected to the rear end of the chuck body and used for pulling the chuck body and the chuck sleeve to slide. The chuck body is provided with a hollow cavity, a large end face and a small end face, first-class special-shaped kerfs and second-class special-shaped kerfs are distributed in the circumferential direction of the chuck body, the first-class special-shaped kerfs start on the large end face and stop at the position close to the small end face, and the second-class special-shaped kerfs start on the small end face and stop at the position close to the large end face. The first-class special-shaped kerfs and the second-class special-shaped kerfs are distributed at intervals and equally divide the circumference, and the effects that clamping is reliable, and the edge is machined in a high-precision mode are achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of machining of cylindrical workpieces with external gear surfaces on machine tools, and in particular to an external fixture applicable to the machining of cylindrical workpieces with external gear surfaces. Background Art

[0002] Currently, the patent literature application publication number CN103659332A relates to an efficient external turning fixture, including a positioning disk. The positioning disk is provided with a clamping section, and the end face of the clamping section is provided with positioning pins. The pressing plate is positioned through the positioning pins and fixedly connected to the end face of the clamping section by screws. The positioning disk is provided with a rectangular through hole along the axial direction. The bottom of the rectangular through hole is provided with a U-shaped groove, and a through groove is opened from the outer circle of the positioning disk to the through hole.

[0003] The existing lathe fixtures clamp cylindrical workpieces. For workpieces with high-precision requirements such as cylindrical workpieces with external gear surfaces, the clamping positions need to be very precise, and the force offset during the machining process does not affect the machining of the workpieces. However, in the actual process, due to the easy occurrence of position offset of the clamping jaws on the workpiece, the machining accuracy decreases. Summary of the Utility Model

[0004] In view of the above-mentioned disadvantages (problems) of the prior art, in order to improve the machining accuracy of workpieces, the present application provides an external fixture applicable to the machining of cylindrical workpieces with external gear surfaces.

[0005] To achieve the above object and other related objects, the present application adopts the following technical solutions:

[0006] An external fixture applicable to the machining of cylindrical workpieces with external gear surfaces includes a chuck sleeve, a chuck body, and a driving component. The chuck sleeve is sleeved on the chuck body. The convex ring of the chuck sleeve is used for fixed connection to keep it stationary. The inner side surface of the chuck sleeve is a conical surface that expands outward at the outer end. The outer peripheral surface of the chuck body is adapted to and fits with the conical surface. The driving component is connected to the rear end of the chuck body for pulling the chuck body and the chuck sleeve to slide. The chuck body has a hollow cavity, a large end face, and a small end face. A first type of special-shaped slit and a second type of special-shaped slit are distributed circumferentially on the chuck body. The first type of special-shaped slit starts at the large end face and terminates near the small end face. The second type of special-shaped slit starts at the small end face and terminates near the large end face. The first type of special-shaped slit and the second type of special-shaped slit are spaced apart and equally divide the circumference.

[0007] Preferably, the first type of special-shaped slit includes a straight part, a large circle part, a broken line part, and a small circle part connected in sequence. The second type of special-shaped slit includes a straight part, a broken line part, and a small circle part connected in sequence.

[0008] Preferably, the large circle part is filled with an elastic body.

[0009] Preferably, the driving assembly includes a positioning seat, a pull tube connector, a cover plate, a pull tube connecting sleeve, and a pull tube body. One end of the pull tube connector is provided with a clamping arm, and the clamping arm is clamped and fixed in the chuck body. The positioning seat is fixed in the chuck sleeve and is located at the rear end of the chuck body. The positioning seat is provided with a positioning groove, and the pull tube connector is limited to move in the positioning groove. The cover plate is fixed to the end of the positioning seat and closes the opening of the positioning groove. The pull tube connecting sleeve is fixed to the tail of the pull tube connector, and the pull tube body is fixed to the end of the pull tube connecting sleeve.

[0010] Preferably, a positioning threaded rod is fixedly connected to the end face of the cover plate. The positioning threaded rod is hollow and connected to a blow tube, and the blow tube penetrates through the pull tube connector and the pull tube body.

[0011] Preferably, an internal thread structure is provided on the inner side of the pull tube body.

[0012] Preferably, the blow tube is used to spray a mixture of air and coolant.

[0013] Preferably, the number of clamping arms of the pull tube connector is equal to the number of second-class special-shaped slits, and each clamping arm is clamped between two second-class special-shaped slits.

[0014] In summary, the present application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:

[0015] 1. Under the action of the driving assembly, the chuck body and the chuck sleeve slide. The chuck sleeve and the chuck body are guided by the conical surface, and the circumferential force is very uniform. The diameter of the chuck body can be reduced to clamp a circular workpiece. Due to the presence of the first-class special-shaped slits and the second-class special-shaped slits, the clamping of the workpiece is very stable and reliable. The circumferential force of the workpiece is uniform, the clamping position deviation can be avoided, and automatic centering can be achieved.

[0016] 2. The stress conduction can be changed through the straight part, the large circle part, the broken line part, and the small circle part to achieve uniform contraction of the chuck body.

[0017] 3. The elastic body is used to prevent the slits from sticking and not being able to reset, and the distance between the slits can be effectively maintained.

[0018] 4. The driving assembly can pull the chuck body, and at the same time, it can also provide a stroke limit for the telescopic movement. The assembly is convenient, and it also provides a sprayed mixture, which is sprayed from the inside for cooling during the processing, rinses the surface of the workpiece, takes away debris, and at the same time avoids the debris from blocking the slits of the chuck body, greatly improving the overall service life and reducing the maintenance frequency. Description of the Drawings

[0019] Figure 1 is a structural schematic diagram of the present application;

[0020] Figure 2 is a structural sectional view of the present application;

[0021] Figure 3 is an exploded view of the structure of the present application;

[0022] Figure 4 is an assembly drawing of the pipe pulling connector of the present application.

[0023] Main reference numerals description:

[0024] 1. Chuck sleeve; 11. Convex ring; 2. Chuck body; 21. Tapered surface; 22. Hollow cavity; 23. Large end face; 24. Small end face; 25. First type of special-shaped slit; 251. Straight part; 252. Large circular part; 253. Broken line part; 254. Small circular part; 26. Second type of special-shaped slit; 3. Elastic body; 4. Positioning seat; 41. Positioning groove; 5. Pipe pulling connector; 51. Clamping arm; 6. Cover plate; 7. Pipe pulling connecting sleeve; 8. Pipe pulling main body; 9. Positioning threaded rod; 10. Blowing pipe. Detailed implementation manners

[0025] The following illustrates the implementation manners of the present application through specific examples. Those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of the present application from the content disclosed in this specification. The present application can also be implemented or applied through other different specific implementation manners. Various details in this specification can also be modified or changed based on different viewpoints and applications without departing from the spirit of the present application. It should be noted that, without conflict, the following embodiments and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other.

[0026] It should be noted that the diagrams provided in the following embodiments only illustrate the basic concept of the present application in a schematic manner. The diagrams only show the components related to the present application rather than being drawn according to the number, shape, and size of the components in actual implementation. The type, quantity, and proportion of each component in actual implementation can be changed arbitrarily, and the component layout type may also be more complex.

[0027] The following further illustrates the specific implementation manners of the present application with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0028] Embodiment:

[0029] An embodiment of the present application discloses an external circle fixture applicable to the machining of workpieces with external circular tooth surfaces. In the machining of workpieces with external circular tooth surfaces, it is necessary to clamp a circular workpiece to be machined, and the clamping force should be able to offset vibration. Therefore, the solution of the present application refers to Figure 1 、 Figure 2 and Figure 3 as shown, and includes a chuck sleeve 1, a chuck body 2, and a driving assembly.

[0030] The collet sleeve 1 is sleeved on the collet body. The convex ring 11 of the collet sleeve 1 is used for fixed connection to remain stationary, and it is generally fixed to the external machine tool by bolts. The inner side surface of the collet sleeve 1 is a conical surface 21 that flares outwards towards the outer end. Similarly, the outer peripheral surface of the collet body 2 is also the conical surface 21. Therefore, the outer peripheral surface of the collet body 2 fits and matches the conical surface 21. The driving assembly is connected to the rear end of the collet body 2 to drive the collet body 2 and the collet sleeve 1 to slide. The collet body 2 has a hollow cavity 22, a large end face 23, and a small end face 24. A first type of special-shaped slit 25 and a second type of special-shaped slit 26 are distributed circumferentially on the collet body 2. The first type of special-shaped slit 25 starts from the large end face 23 and terminates near the small end face 24, and the second type of special-shaped slit 26 starts from the small end face 24 and terminates near the large end face 23. The first type of special-shaped slit 25 and the second type of special-shaped slit 26 are spaced apart and equally divide the circumference.

[0031] As can be seen from the above structure: Under the action of the driving assembly, the collet body 2 and the collet sleeve 1 slide. The collet sleeve 1 and the collet body 2 are guided by the conical surface 21, and the circumferential force is very uniform. It can achieve the reduction of the caliber of the collet body 2 and can clamp the circular workpiece. Due to the presence of the first type of special-shaped slit 25 and the second type of special-shaped slit 26, the clamping of the workpiece is very stable and reliable, the circumferential force of the workpiece is uniform, the clamping position deviation can be avoided, and automatic centering can be achieved. Under the action of the first type of special-shaped slit 25 and the second type of special-shaped slit 26, it can be found that it has a shock-absorbing effect. Therefore, after clamping the workpiece, the workpiece can still remain stable during operations such as machining and turning.

[0032] Specifically, the first type of special-shaped slit 25 includes a straight portion 251, a large circle portion 252, a broken line portion 253, and a small circle portion 254 that are connected in sequence. The second type of special-shaped slit 26 includes a straight portion 251, a broken line portion 253, and a small circle portion 254 that are connected in sequence.

[0033] Thus, it can be seen that through the straight portion 251, the large circle portion 252, the broken line portion 253, and the small circle portion 254, the stress conduction can be changed, the uniform contraction of the collet body 2 can be realized, and at the same time, the purpose of shock absorption can be achieved, avoiding the influence of vibration during processing on the machining accuracy. Therefore, this structure has obvious effects when applied to high-precision machining.

[0034] During the processing, since the gap of the slit is difficult to control, the large circular portion 252 is filled with an elastomer 3. The elastomer 3 is a nylon plastic cylinder, which is filled in the large circular portion 252, so that when the chuck body 2 contracts and clamps, the elastic force of the nylon plastic cylinder is overcome, so that it is compressed and slightly deformed. For high-precision control, the deformation here only needs a few strands, and one strand is equal to 0.01 mm. Therefore, the contraction and deformation of the chuck body 2 can be controlled with high precision through this nylon plastic cylinder. The elastomer 3 is used to prevent the slit from sticking and being unable to be reset, and the spacing of the slits (a type of special-shaped slits 25) can be effectively maintained.

[0035] Specifically, the driving assembly includes a positioning seat 4, a tube-drawing connector 5, a cover plate 6, a tube-drawing connection sleeve 7, and a tube-drawing body 8. A clamping arm 51 is provided at one end of the tube-drawing connector 5, and the clamping arm 51 is clamped and fixed in the chuck body 2. The positioning seat 4 is fixed in the chuck sleeve 1 and is located at the rear end of the chuck body 2. A positioning groove 41 is provided on the positioning seat 4. The tube-drawing connector 5 is limited and movable in the positioning groove 41. The cover plate 6 can be fixed to the end of the positioning seat 4 by bolts and close the opening of the positioning groove 41. The tube-drawing connection sleeve 7 is fixed to the tail of the tube-drawing connector 5, and the tube-drawing body 8 is fixed to the end of the tube-drawing connection sleeve 7.

[0036] The driving assembly can pull the chuck body 2 and also provide a travel limit for the telescopic activity. According to the above structure, it can be seen that the components are easy to assemble.

[0037] Preferably, the end surface of the cover plate 6 is fixedly connected with a positioning threaded rod 9, which is hollow and connected with an air blowing pipe 10, which runs through the tube drawing connector 5 and the tube drawing body 8. The air blowing pipe 10 is used to spray a mixture of air and coolant, and also provides a spray mixture, spraying and cooling from the inside during the processing, flushing the surface of the workpiece, and removing debris, while also preventing debris from clogging the slit of the chuck body 2, so that the overall service life is greatly improved and the frequency of maintenance is reduced.

[0038] An internal thread structure is provided inside the pull tube body 8. The internal thread structure can be matched with a screw rod to achieve the forward and backward stretching action of the pull tube body 8.

[0039] refer to Figure 4, the number of clamping arms 51 of the pipe jacking connector 5 is equal to the number of the second type of special-shaped slits 26, and each clamping arm 51 is clamped between two second type of special-shaped slits 26. In a specific example, the number of clamping arms 51 is four, the number of the second type of special-shaped slits 26 is four, the number of the first type of special-shaped slits 25 is also four, and the machined external cylindrical gear surface workpiece is an eight-tooth external cylindrical gear surface workpiece. The outstanding effect is that during machining and clamping, rapid and accurate positioning can be achieved, the assembly is firm and stable, the force is balanced, especially the force on the circumferential surface is balanced, which is very important. Therefore, stable machining can be carried out. During the machining process, vibration can be resisted, position deviation can be reduced, and machining can be more accurate.

[0040] The above embodiments only illustratively explain the principles and effects of the present application, rather than limiting the present application. Any person familiar with this technology can modify or change the above embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application. Therefore, all equivalent changes made according to the structure, shape, and principle of the present application shall be covered by the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. An external circular fixture applicable to the machining of workpieces with external circular tooth surfaces, comprising a chuck sleeve (1), a chuck body (2), and a driving component. The chuck sleeve (1) is sleeved on the chuck body. The convex ring (11) of the chuck sleeve (1) is used for fixed connection to keep it stationary. The inner side surface of the chuck sleeve (1) is a conical surface (21) that flares outward at the outer end, and it is characterized in that, The outer peripheral surface of the chuck body (2) is adapted and fitted with the conical surface (21). The driving assembly is connected to the rear end of the chuck body (2) for pulling the chuck body (2) and the chuck sleeve (1) to slide. The chuck body (2) has a hollow cavity (22), a large end face (23) and a small end face (24). A first type of special-shaped slit (25) and a second type of special-shaped slit (26) are distributed in the circumferential direction of the chuck body (2). The first type of special-shaped slit (25) starts from the large end face (23) and terminates near the small end face (24). The second type of special-shaped slit (26) starts from the small end face (24) and terminates near the large end face (23). The first type of special-shaped slit (25) and the second type of special-shaped slit (26) are distributed at intervals and equally divide the circumference.

2. The external circular fixture applicable to the machining of external circular tooth surface workpieces according to claim 1, wherein The first type of special-shaped slit (25) includes a straight portion (251), a large circular portion (252), a broken line portion (253), and a small circular portion (254) connected in sequence. The second type of special-shaped slit (26) includes a straight portion (251), a broken line portion (253), and a small circular portion (254) connected in sequence.

3. The external circular fixture applicable to the machining of external circular tooth surface workpieces according to claim 2, characterized in that, An elastomer (3) is filled in the large circular portion (252).

4. An external circular fixture applicable to the machining of external circular tooth surface workpieces according to claim 1, characterized in that, The driving assembly includes a positioning seat (4), a pull tube connector (5), a cover plate (6), a pull tube connecting sleeve (7), and a pull tube body (8). One end of the pull tube connector (5) is provided with a clamping arm (51). The clamping arm (51) is clamped and fixed in the chuck body (2). The positioning seat (4) is fixed in the chuck sleeve (1) and is located at the rear end of the chuck body (2). A positioning groove (41) is provided on the positioning seat (4). The pull tube connector (5) is limited to move in the positioning groove (41). The cover plate (6) is fixed to the end of the positioning seat (4) and closes the opening of the positioning groove (41). The pull tube connecting sleeve (7) is fixed to the tail of the pull tube connector (5). The pull tube body (8) is fixed to the end of the pull tube connecting sleeve (7).

5. The external circular fixture applicable to the machining of external circular tooth surface workpieces according to claim 4, characterized in that, A positioning threaded rod (9) is fixedly connected to the end face of the cover plate (6). The positioning threaded rod (9) is hollow and connected to a blow tube (10). The blow tube (10) passes through the pull tube connector (5) and the pull tube body (8).

6. The outer circle fixture applicable to the machining of workpieces with outer circle tooth surfaces according to claim 4, characterized in that An internal thread structure is provided inside the pull tube body (8).

7. An external circular fixture applicable to the machining of external circular tooth surface workpieces according to claim 5, characterized in that, The blow tube (10) is used to spray a mixture of air and coolant.

8. An external circular fixture applicable to the machining of workpieces with external circular tooth surfaces according to claim 4, characterized in that, The number of clamping arms (51) of the pull tube connector (5) is equal to the number of the second type of special-shaped slits (26). Each clamping arm (51) is clamped between two second type of special-shaped slits (26).

Images