Drainage structure in hydraulic tunnel
通过在水工隧洞内壁设置减压筒和缓冲系统,解决了有压水工隧洞抵抗外水压力不足的问题,实现了更强的抗压能力和防渗效果。
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202422365191.3
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-09-27
- Publication Date
- 2025-07-11
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-09-27
AI Technical Summary
In the prior art, the ability of pressurized hydraulic tunnels to resist external water pressure is limited, and common anti-seepage structures are difficult to effectively resist high external water pressure.
The pressure reducing cylinder is provided on the inner wall of the tunnel body, and a pressure reducing structure is provided in the pressure reducing cylinder, including a pressure groove, a pressure rod, a pressure plate and a buffer pad. The pressure groove is driven to slide through the water pressure, and the pressure plate moves to buffer the water pressure, combining the elastic parts and the filter cover to form a multi-layer pressure reducing system.
The ability of hydraulic tunnels to resist external water pressure is improved, the impact of water pressure on the lining layer is reduced, water seepage is avoided, and the compressive resistance of the lining layer is enhanced.
Smart Images
Figure CN223088374U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of hydraulic tunnels, and more specifically, relates to a drainage structure inside a hydraulic tunnel. Background Technique
[0002] A hydraulic tunnel is a water passage dug in a mountain or underground. Hydraulic tunnels can be used for irrigation, power generation, water supply, water discharge, water conveyance, construction diversion, and navigation. Power generation tunnels are generally under pressure. Irrigation, water supply, and water discharge tunnels can be non-pressure or under pressure, while tunnels on canals are non-pressure. A hydraulic tunnel mainly consists of a water inlet, a tunnel body, and an outlet section. The diversion tunnel for power generation is connected to a penstock behind the tunnel body. The water conveyance tunnel and navigation tunnel on the canal only have the tunnel body section. When the water flow has a free water surface inside the tunnel, it is called a non-pressure tunnel; when the water flow fills the entire cross-section and makes the tunnel wall bear a certain water pressure, it is called a pressure tunnel.
[0003] Hydraulic tunnels often face the problem of high external water pressure. High external water pressure poses a great challenge to the lining structure design of pressure hydraulic tunnels. The current common design method is to adopt an anti-seepage structure formed by a consolidated grouting circle and a lining. The consolidated grouting circle bears the huge external water pressure, and its ability to resist external water pressure is limited. Content of the Utility Model
[0004] The purpose of the utility model is to provide a drainage structure inside a hydraulic tunnel to solve the technical problem that the ability of the existing pressure hydraulic tunnel to resist external water pressure is limited. The drainage structure inside the hydraulic tunnel of the utility model can improve the ability of the hydraulic tunnel to resist external water pressure.
[0005] To achieve the above purpose, the utility model provides a drainage structure inside a hydraulic tunnel, including: a tunnel body and a consolidated grouting layer and a lining layer sequentially arranged on the inner wall of the tunnel body; a plurality of decompression cylinders are embedded on the inner wall surface of the lining layer, and a decompression structure is arranged inside the decompression cylinder; the decompression structure includes:
[0006] A pressure-receiving groove, which is embedded and slidably connected to one end of the decompression cylinder;
[0007] A pressure rod, one end of which is connected to the pressure-receiving groove;
[0008] A pressure plate, which is connected to the other end of the pressure rod; and,
[0009] A buffer rubber pad, which is connected to the side of the pressure plate close to the bottom of the decompression cylinder.
[0010] Further, a conical or frustum-shaped pressure-dividing block is arranged at the center of the inner wall of the pressure-receiving groove.
[0011] Further, a filter screen cover is arranged at the water inlet of the decompression cylinder.
[0012] Further, the pressure relief structure further includes a fixing ring and an elastic member; the fixing ring is sleeved on the pressure rod and fixedly connected to the inner wall of the pressure relief cylinder; the fixing ring is arranged between the pressure receiving groove and the pressing plate, and two ends of the elastic member are respectively connected to the fixing ring and the pressing plate.
[0013] Further, the elastic member is a spring, and the elastic members are symmetrically arranged around the pressure rod.
[0014] Further, a connecting cylinder is further included, the connecting cylinder is embedded in the pressure relief cylinder, and the pressure relief structure is slidably connected in the connecting cylinder.
[0015] Further, a concrete layer is further included, and the concrete layer is arranged between the consolidated grouting layer and the lining layer.
[0016] Further, one end of the pressure relief cylinder is embedded and connected in the concrete layer.
[0017] Further, the lining layer is a reinforced concrete layer.
[0018] Further, reinforcing steel bars are arranged in the consolidated grouting layer.
[0019] Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following technical effects:
[0020] A drainage structure inside a hydraulic tunnel of the utility model embeds a plurality of pressure relief cylinders on the inner wall surface of the lining layer. A pressure relief structure is arranged inside the pressure relief cylinder. After water pressure enters the pressure relief cylinder, the external water pressure impacts the pressure receiving groove, causing the pressure receiving groove to slide inside the pressure relief cylinder, driving the pressing plate to move towards the bottom of the pressure relief cylinder. The buffer rubber pad on the side of the pressing plate can buffer the water pressure, reduce the impact of the external water pressure on the tunnel lining layer, and improve the ability of the hydraulic tunnel to resist the external water pressure. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0021] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present utility model, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the following described drawings are only some embodiments of the present utility model. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative efforts.
[0022] Figure 1 FIG. is an overall structural schematic diagram of a drainage structure inside a hydraulic tunnel provided by an embodiment of the present utility model;
[0023] Figure 2 is Figure 1 a partial structural schematic diagram of the reinforcing steel bars in
[0024] Figure 3 is Figure 1 a partial structural schematic diagram of the lining layer in
[0025] Figure 4 is Figure 1 a structural schematic diagram of the pressure reducing cylinder in
[0026] Figure 5 is Figure 4 a sectional structural schematic diagram of
[0027] Figure 6 Figure 4 a schematic diagram of the pressure reducing structure in
[0028] Among them, each reference numeral in the figure:
[0029] 1, foundation; 2, reinforcement bars; 3, consolidated grouting layer; 4, concrete layer; 5, lining layer; 6, pressure reducing cylinder; 7, filter screen cover; 8, connecting cylinder; 9, pressure receiving groove; 10, pressure dividing block; 11, fixing ring; 12, elastic member; 13, pressing plate; 14, pressing rod. Specific embodiments
[0030] In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and beneficial effects to be solved by the present utility model clearer and more understandable, the present utility model will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present utility model and are not used to limit the present utility model.
[0031] It should be noted that when an element is referred to as being "fixed to" or "disposed on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or indirectly on the other element. When an element is referred to as being "connected to" another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or indirectly connected to the other element.
[0032] It should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "length", "upper", "lower", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing the present utility model and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of the present utility model.
[0033] The terms used in the embodiments of the present utility model are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments, and are not intended to limit the present utility model. The singular forms of "a", "the" and "said" used in the embodiments of the present utility model and the appended claims are also intended to include the plural forms, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.
[0034] Please refer to Figures 1-6 , and a description will now be given of a drainage structure inside a hydraulic tunnel provided by an embodiment of the present utility model.
[0035] In an embodiment of the present utility model, a drainage structure inside a hydraulic tunnel of an embodiment of the present utility model includes: a tunnel body and a consolidation grouting layer 3 and a lining layer 5 sequentially arranged on the inner wall of the tunnel body; a plurality of pressure relief cylinders 6 are embedded on the inner wall surface of the lining layer 5, and a pressure relief structure is provided inside the pressure relief cylinders 6; the pressure relief structure includes a pressure receiving groove 9, a pressure rod 14, a pressure plate 13, and a buffer rubber pad. The tunnel body is formed on the foundation 1, and the cross-section of the tunnel body is generally semi-circular. The pressure receiving groove 9 is slidably connected to one end of the pressure relief cylinder 6 in an embedded manner; one end of the pressure rod 14 is connected to the pressure receiving groove 9, and the pressure plate 13 is connected to the other end of the pressure rod 14; the buffer rubber pad is connected to one side of the pressure plate 13 close to the bottom of the pressure relief cylinder.
[0036] When the drainage structure inside a hydraulic tunnel of an embodiment of the present utility model is in use, after the external drainage enters the tunnel body, the pressurized external drainage enters the pressure relief cylinders 6 embedded on the surface of the lining layer 5. The external water pressure impacts the pressure receiving groove 9 inside the pressure relief cylinder 6, causing the pressure receiving groove 9 to slide inside the pressure relief cylinder 6, driving the pressure plate 13 to move towards the bottom of the pressure relief cylinder 6 through the pressure rod 14. During the movement, the buffer rubber pad on the side of the pressure plate 13 can buffer the water pressure, reduce the impact of the external water pressure on the lining layer 5 of the tunnel, prevent the lining layer 5 from seeping water, and improve the ability of the hydraulic tunnel to resist the external water pressure.
[0037] Further, a conical or frustum-shaped pressure dividing block 10 is provided at the center of the inner wall of the pressure receiving groove 9 in this embodiment, so that the inner wall of the pressure receiving groove 9 can be evenly pressured.
[0038] Further, a filter screen cover 7 is provided at the water inlet of the pressure relief cylinder 6 in this embodiment, and the water is filtered through the filter screen cover 7 to prevent debris from entering the pressure relief cylinder 6 and causing the pressure relief cylinder 6 to be blocked and lose its pressure relief function.
[0039] Further, the pressure relief structure in this embodiment further includes a fixing ring 11 and an elastic member 12; the fixing ring 11 is sleeved on the pressure rod 14 and fixedly connected to the inner wall of the pressure relief cylinder 6; the fixing ring 11 is provided between the pressure receiving groove 9 and the pressure plate 13, and the two ends of the elastic member 12 are respectively connected to the fixing ring 11 and the pressure plate 13. In this way, when the pressure receiving groove 9 is impacted by the water pressure, the pressure rod 14 drives the pressure plate 13 to move towards the bottom of the pressure relief cylinder 6, and further causes the elastic member 12 to be stretched. Through the elastic buffering effect of the elastic member 12, the water pressure is further buffered and reduced, thereby further reducing the pressure on the lining layer 5 and further improving the ability of the hydraulic tunnel to resist the external water pressure.
[0040] Further, the elastic member 12 in this embodiment is a spring, and the elastic members 12 are arranged centrosymmetrically around the pressure rod 14, which can evenly disperse the impact water pressure onto each spring and maintain the stable sliding of the decompression structure within the decompression cylinder 6.
[0041] Further, the in-tunnel drainage structure of the hydraulic tunnel in this embodiment further includes a connecting cylinder 8. The connecting cylinder 8 is embedded in the decompression cylinder 6, and the decompression structure is slidably connected within the connecting cylinder 8. In this way, the sliding structure is integrally installed within the connecting cylinder 8, and the connecting cylinder 8 is connected within the decompression cylinder 6. If the decompression structure is damaged, the connecting cylinder 8 can be integrally removed from the decompression cylinder 6 for replacement, facilitating the replacement of the internal decompression structure without disassembling the decompression cylinder 6.
[0042] Further, the in-tunnel drainage structure of the hydraulic tunnel in this embodiment further includes a concrete layer 4. The concrete layer 4 is provided between the consolidated grouting layer 3 and the lining layer 5, and the concrete layer 4 is a plain concrete layer. Further still, one end of the decompression cylinder 6 is embedded and connected within the concrete layer 4. By providing the concrete layer 4 between the consolidated grouting layer 3 and the lining layer 5, the lining layer 5 can be further reinforced, enhancing the ability of the lining layer 5 to resist external water pressure. The lining layer 5 in this embodiment is a reinforced concrete layer.
[0043] Further, reinforcing steel bars 2 are provided within the consolidated grouting layer 3 of this embodiment to enhance the compressive strength of the consolidated grouting layer 3. At the same time, the lining layer 5 is reinforced so that the lining layer 5 can withstand greater pressure, further enhancing the compressive ability of the lining layer 5 against external water.
[0044] The above embodiments only illustrate several implementation manners of the present utility model, and the description thereof is relatively specific and detailed. However, it should not be construed as a limitation to the scope of the patent of the present utility model. It should be noted that for those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the concept of the present utility model, several modifications and improvements can still be made, and these all fall within the protection scope of the present utility model. Therefore, the protection scope of the patent of the present utility model shall be subject to the appended claims.
Claims
1. A drainage structure inside a hydraulic tunnel, characterized in that, Including: A tunnel body, a consolidated grouting layer and a lining layer which are sequentially arranged on the inner wall of the tunnel body; a plurality of decompression cylinders are embedded on the inner wall surface of the lining layer, and a decompression structure is arranged in the decompression cylinder; the decompression structure includes: A pressure-receiving groove, which is embedded and slidably connected to one end of the decompression cylinder; A pressure rod, one end of which is connected to the pressure-receiving groove; A pressure plate, which is connected to the other end of the pressure rod; and, A buffer rubber pad, which is connected to one side of the pressure plate close to the bottom of the decompression cylinder.
2. The in-tunnel drainage structure of a hydraulic tunnel according to claim 1, characterized in that, A conical or frustum-shaped pressure-dividing block is arranged at the center of the inner wall of the pressure-receiving groove.
3. A drainage structure inside a hydraulic tunnel as described in claim 1, characterized in that, A filter screen cover is arranged at the water inlet of the decompression cylinder.
4. A drainage structure inside a hydraulic tunnel as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The decompression structure further includes a fixing ring and an elastic member; the fixing ring is sleeved on the pressure rod and fixedly connected to the inner wall of the decompression cylinder; the fixing ring is arranged between the pressure-receiving groove and the pressure plate, and two ends of the elastic member are respectively connected to the fixing ring and the pressure plate.
5. The in-tunnel drainage structure of a hydraulic tunnel according to claim 4, characterized in that, The elastic member is a spring, and the elastic member is symmetrically arranged around the pressure rod.
6. A drainage structure inside a hydraulic tunnel according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, It further includes a connecting cylinder, the connecting cylinder is embedded in the decompression cylinder, and the decompression structure is slidably connected in the connecting cylinder.
7. A drainage structure inside a hydraulic tunnel according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, It further includes a concrete layer, and the concrete layer is arranged between the consolidated grouting layer and the lining layer.
8. A drainage structure inside a hydraulic tunnel according to claim 7, characterized in that, One end of the decompression cylinder is embedded and connected in the concrete layer.
9. The internal drainage structure for a hydraulic tunnel according to claim 7, wherein, The lining layer is a reinforced concrete layer.
10. A drainage structure inside a hydraulic tunnel according to any one of claims 1 - 5, characterized in that, Reinforcing steel bars are arranged in the consolidated grouting layer.