High-power microwave radiation field measuring instrument based on virtual oscilloscope

Abstract

The utility model discloses a high-power microwave radiation field measuring instrument based on a virtual oscilloscope. A control panel in a shielding case is connected with a programmable attenuator; the programmable attenuator is connected with the detection assembly; the detection assembly is connected with the virtual oscilloscope; the virtual oscilloscope is connected with the first optical transmitter and receiver, and the first optical transmitter and receiver is connected with the control panel. The first optical transceiver is connected with the second optical transceiver through an optical fiber. The optical transceiver II is connected with the control computer; the programmable attenuator is connected with a coaxial port of the terminating waveguide coaxial converter; the terminating waveguide coaxial converter is connected with the coupling attenuator; the coupled attenuator is connected with the pyramid horn antenna; the coupled waveguide attenuator attenuates the received power of the radiation field, after the power is adjusted to the power range borne by the coaxial device, the power is transmitted into the shielding case, and the control computer sends an attenuation adjustment command of the programmable attenuator and adjusts the power of a measurement signal to the range borne by the detection assembly; the computer case has the characteristics of light weight, wide application range, high stability and high accuracy.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of measuring instruments, and particularly relates to a high-power microwave radiation field measuring instrument based on a virtual oscilloscope, which is used for measuring the high-power microwave radiation field. Background Art

[0002] Previously, Shi Pengfei et al. invented an X-band high-power microwave integrated radiation field measurement system. Compared with the traditional radiation field measurement system, the above integrated measurement system has certain advantages in many aspects such as integrated structure, portability, electromagnetic protection, deployment speed, dynamic range, and reliability of measurement results, and the system has also been promoted within a certain range during use. However, the system still faces some problems in daily use: First, the composition of the above integrated measurement system is still relatively complex, and there is room for further optimization. Second, the volume and weight of the system are still relatively large, and it is still not convenient enough in actual use. Third, the power consumption of the system is relatively large, and the heat dissipation effect of the system is not good, resulting in obvious accumulation of heat and temperature rise inside the housing, and too high temperature will cause the system to be unstable. Fourth, a large temperature change inside the electromagnetic housing will affect the sensitivity of the detector, thereby affecting the accuracy of the measurement results of the measurement system. Fifth, the measurement system cannot meet the measurement requirements for changes in the polarization direction of the radiation field. Sixth, the measurement system is only applicable to the measurement of the X-band high-power microwave radiation field and cannot be applied to the measurement of high-power microwave radiation fields in other bands. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In order to overcome the deficiencies of the above prior art, the purpose of the utility model is to provide a high-power microwave radiation field measuring instrument based on a virtual oscilloscope, which solves the technical deficiencies of the X-band integrated high-power microwave radiation field measurement system and has the characteristics of light chassis weight, wide application range, high stability, and high accuracy.

[0004] To achieve the above purpose, the technical solution adopted by the utility model is: A high-power microwave radiation field measuring instrument based on a virtual oscilloscope includes a shielding chassis, and a control board is arranged inside the shielding chassis; the DB9 control end of the control board is connected to the DB9 port of the programmable attenuator; the output end of the programmable attenuator is connected to the input end of the detection component; the output end of the detection component is connected to the measurement channel port of the virtual oscilloscope; the USB port of the virtual oscilloscope is connected to a USB port on the first optical terminal, and the other USB port of the first optical terminal is connected to the USB port of the control board; the LC fiber optic port of the first optical terminal is connected to the LC fiber optic port of the second optical terminal through a fiber optic hole and an optical fiber; the second optical terminal is connected to the control computer through a USB data cable; the input port of the programmable attenuator is connected to the coaxial port of the terminated waveguide coaxial converter through a short microwave cable; the waveguide port of the terminated waveguide coaxial converter is connected to the coupled attenuator; the coupled attenuator is connected to the pyramidal horn antenna.

[0005] The described shielded chassis is connected to the housing of the end - connected waveguide coaxial converter through a polarization flange.

[0006] The described shielded chassis is also provided with a power switch hole and a battery charging hole.

[0007] Both surfaces of the described polarization flange are provided with electrical contact grooves. The width and depth of the electrical contact grooves are both 1.5 mm, and beryllium copper spiral tubes are arranged in the electrical contact grooves.

[0008] The beneficial effects of the present utility model are as follows:

[0009] 1) Since the low - power USB interface, virtual oscilloscope and USB optical terminal of the present utility model are used as waveform acquisition devices and optical fiber communication transmission devices respectively, and they are used in combination, the composition and structure of the measuring instrument can be made more concise, the power consumption is greatly reduced, the capacity of the built - in lithium - ion polymer battery of the measuring instrument is greatly reduced, and thus the volume and weight of the measuring instrument are greatly reduced.

[0010] 2) The present utility model is provided with a control board, and the control board has functions such as internal device power management, program - controlled attenuator attenuation control, temperature monitoring inside the chassis, and real - time monitoring of battery power.

[0011] 3) A polarization flange is designed between the end - connected waveguide coaxial converter at the front end of the measuring instrument and the shielded chassis of the measuring instrument. The functions of the polarization flange are: a. Expand the operating range of the measuring instrument in the frequency band. By designing polarization flanges of different sizes, the rear end (shielded chassis and internal device part) of the measuring instrument can be connected to front - end waveguide coaxial converters of different frequency bands, thereby expanding the operating range of the measuring instrument. b. The method of rotating the polarization flange and waveguide devices such as receiving antennas and coupled attenuators at the front end by 90° and then connecting them to the shielded chassis enables the measuring instrument to measure high - power microwave radiation fields in horizontal and vertical polarization modes.

[0012] 4) The present utility model redesigned the shielded outer shell of the measuring instrument to form a shielded chassis. The shielded chassis is processed from aluminum alloy materials and mainly consists of three parts: a polarization flange, a front chassis face, a cuboid chassis cavity, and a shielded chassis rear cover.

[0013] The polarization flange consists of two flanges with different sizes and a rectangular metal pipe between the flanges (used to pass through the short microwave cable connecting the end - connected waveguide - coaxial converter and the coaxial device inside the shielding chassis). One of the flanges has the same specification as the flange on the front end face of the shielding chassis, and the other flange has the same size as the flange of the waveguide device at the front end of the measurement system (when the shielding chassis is connected to the front ends of waveguide devices in different frequency bands, a flange with a matching size can be designed). On the two flanges of the polarization flange, electrical contact grooves with a width and depth of 1.5 mm are opened, and beryllium - copper spiral tube electromagnetic shielding gaskets with a diameter of 1.6 mm are installed in the grooves. The beryllium - copper spiral tube that is 0.1 mm higher is used to ensure good electrical connection when the polarization flange is connected to the waveguide - type device at the front end of the measuring instrument and the shielding housing.

[0014] During connection, insert the coaxial connector end of the waveguide - coaxial converter of the measurement system into the rectangular metal tube in the middle of the flange section from the direction of the smaller flange of the polarization flange, and sequentially pass screws through the flange of the coupled attenuator, the flange of the waveguide - coaxial converter, and the smaller flange on the polarization flange section, and tightly connect the three flanges together. The other larger square flange face of the polarization flange section is connected to the square boss flange on the front panel of the shielding chassis (with the front - facing direction being the aperture direction of the receiving antenna of the measurement system).

[0015] On the outside of the front end face of the chassis, a square boss flange for connecting the polarization flange and the waveguide - coaxial converter is designed. The connecting threaded holes on the flange face are non - through threaded holes, and there is a square through - hole in the middle of the flange face, which is used to pass through the microwave short cable for connecting the coaxial interface of the end - connected waveguide - coaxial converter and the coaxial device inside the shielding chassis. Inside the front panel of the shielding chassis, two positioning pins are designed to position and install the equipment frame structure inside the chassis.

[0016] The cavity of the shielding chassis is made of a whole piece of aluminum plate with a thickness of 3 mm into a rectangular cavity. Among them, three edges of the rectangular cavity are processed with pre - creases by scoring to ensure that the bending inner angle is a right angle. The sewn edge of the cuboid is processed by full - welding and then smoothed to ensure no gaps and no holes. The front end face of the chassis and the cavity are also processed by full - welding and then smoothed to ensure no gaps and no holes.

[0017] The rear cover of the shielding chassis is machined by milling a whole piece of aluminum alloy. On the basis of not affecting the shielding effect, according to the cut - off waveguide theory, on the basis of not affecting the shielding efficiency of the chassis, a fiber - optic hole, a charging hole for the measuring instrument, a switch hole for the measuring instrument, and a small - hole array for heat dissipation are opened on the rear cover of the chassis. A cooling fan is installed at the position of the small - hole array inside the chassis for equipment heat dissipation. Beryllium - copper spring pieces are installed on the side edge of the rear cover to achieve good electrical contact between the rear cover and the housing.

[0018] On the basis of considering the structural strength, the surface of the shielding chassis of the measuring instrument is grooved with a depth of 1.5 mm according to the design pattern. The functions of the grooving are as follows: 1) Increase the heat dissipation area of the chassis surface, which is beneficial to the overall heat dissipation of the measuring instrument. 2) Can effectively reduce the weight of the chassis and improve the overall portability of the measuring instrument. 3) Can play a role in decorating the chassis surface.

[0019] After taking the above improvement measures, compared with the original X-band integrated radiation field measurement system, the measuring instrument has a wider applicable range. Specifically: 1) The measuring instrument can be applied to the measurement of high-power microwave radiation fields in various bands; 2) The measuring instrument can be applied to the measurement of vertically polarized and horizontally polarized radiation fields. In addition, compared with the original X-band integrated radiation field measurement system, the measuring instrument has a more concise composition, a more compact structure, and a significant reduction in both volume and weight. Specifically: 1) The volume and weight of the measuring instrument are both reduced by about half compared with the original integrated measurement system, the portability of the system is further improved, and the external field measurement can be carried out more conveniently and quickly. 2) The power consumption is reduced by four-fifths, and the battery life is increased by about one time; 3) The heat generation of the system is effectively controlled, the system stability is improved, the influence of the system temperature on the detector sensitivity is reduced, and the accuracy of the measurement results of the measurement system is improved. Description of the Drawings

[0020] Figure 1 It is the principle structure block diagram of the HPM radiation field measuring instrument.

[0021] Figure 2 It is the overall mechanism design drawing of the shielding chassis of the high-power microwave measuring instrument.

[0022] Figure 3 It is the structure design drawing of the polarization flange.

[0023] Figure 4 It is the structure drawing of the installation frame of each device module inside the shielding chassis.

[0024] Figure 5 It is the structure drawing of the back cover of the shielding chassis.

[0025] Figure 6 It is the schematic diagram of the control board.

[0026] In the figure: 1 - Shielded chassis, 2 - Control board, 3 - Programmable attenuator, 4 - Detection component, 5 - Virtual oscilloscope, 6 - Optical terminal 1, 7 - Optical fiber hole, 8 - Power switch hole, 9 - Battery charging hole, 10 - Lithium-ion polymer lithium battery, 11 - Optical fiber, 12 - Optical terminal 2, 13 - USB data cable, 14 - Control computer, 15 - Short microwave cable, 16 - Polarization flange, 17 - Terminated waveguide coaxial converter, 18 - Coupling attenuator, 19 - Pyramidal horn antenna, 20 - Rear cover of the shielded chassis, 21 - Electrical contact groove, 22 - Beryllium copper reed, 23 - Mounting frame, 24 - USB communication interface, 25 - Temperature sensor interface, 26 - DB9 control interface, 27 - DC 5V output standby interface 1, 28 - DC 5V output interface 2, 29 - Battery input interface. Specific implementation mode

[0027] The structural principle and working principle of the present utility model will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the drawings and embodiments.

[0028] See Figure 1 , for the high-power microwave radiation field measuring instrument based on a virtual oscilloscope, the shielded chassis of the measuring instrument is composed of a shielded chassis cavity 1 and a rear cover 20 of the shielded chassis; an installation frame 23 is provided inside the shielded chassis cavity 1, and the control board 2, the programmable attenuator 3, the virtual oscilloscope 5, and the lithium-ion polymer battery 10 are all installed on this frame.

[0029] Among them, the -DB9 control interface 26 on the control board 2 is connected to the DB9 port of the programmable attenuator 3; the temperature sensor port 25 is connected to the temperature sensor probe; one of the DC 5V output standby interface 1 27 and the DC 5V output standby interface 2 28 is connected to the power supply interface of the optical terminal 1 6 to supply power to it, and the other is for other uses; the positive and negative poles of the battery input interface 29 are connected to the positive and negative poles of the lithium-ion polymer battery 10 (the battery uses a 12v lithium battery). The output end of the programmable attenuator 3 is connected to the input end of the detection component 4; the output end of the detection component 4 is connected to the measurement channel port of the virtual oscilloscope 5; the USB port of the virtual oscilloscope 5 is connected to a USB port on the optical terminal 1 6, and the other USB port of the optical terminal 1 6 is connected to the USB communication interface 24 of the control board 2; the LC-type optical fiber port of the optical terminal 1 6 is connected to the LC-type optical fiber port of the optical terminal 2 12 through the optical fiber 11, and one end of the optical fiber 11 passes through the optical fiber hole 7 on the rear cover 20 of the shielded chassis and is connected to the LC-type optical fiber port of the optical terminal 2 12; the optical terminal 2 12 is connected to the control computer 14 through the USB data cable 13;

[0030] The lithium-ion polymer battery 10 is connected to the control board 2 after passing through the power switch, providing working power for the control board and also supplying power to the optical terminal 6. The optical terminal 6 supplies power to the virtual oscilloscope 5 through its own USB port. The input port of the programmable attenuator 3 is connected to the coaxial port of the terminated waveguide coaxial converter 17 through a short microwave cable 15; the waveguide port of the terminated waveguide coaxial converter 17 is connected to the coupled attenuator 18; the coupled attenuator 18 is connected to the pyramidal horn antenna 19.

[0031] The shielding chassis 1 is connected to the housing of the terminated waveguide coaxial converter 17 through a polarization flange 16.

[0032] The shielding chassis 1 is also provided with a power switch hole 8 and a battery charging hole 9.

[0033] Both surfaces of the polarization flange 16 are provided with electrical contact grooves 21. The width and depth of the electrical contact grooves are both 1.5 mm, and beryllium copper spiral tubes are provided in the electrical contact grooves.

[0034] The polarization flange is composed of two flange surfaces with different sizes and a rectangular metal pipe between the flange surfaces (for passing through the short microwave cable connecting the terminated waveguide coaxial converter and the coaxial device inside the shielding chassis). One of the flange surfaces has the same specification as the flange surface on the front end face of the shielding chassis, and the other flange surface has the same size as the flange of the waveguide device at the front end of the measurement system (when the shielding chassis is connected to the front end of waveguide devices in different bands, a flange surface with a matching size can be designed). On the two flange surfaces of the polarization flange, electrical contact grooves with a width and depth of 1.5 mm are opened, and beryllium copper spiral tube electromagnetic shielding gaskets with a diameter of 1.6 mm are installed in the grooves. The beryllium copper spiral tubes that are 0.1 mm higher are used to ensure good electrical connection when the polarization flange is connected to the waveguide-type device at the front end of the measuring instrument and the shielding housing.

[0035] During connection, the coaxial connector end of the waveguide coaxial converter of the measurement system is inserted into the rectangular metal pipe in the middle of the flange section from the direction of the smaller flange surface of the polarization flange, and screws are sequentially passed through the flange of the coupled attenuator, the flange of the waveguide coaxial converter, and the smaller flange on the polarization flange section, and the three flanges are tightly connected together. The other larger square flange surface of the polarization flange section is connected to the square boss flange on the front panel of the electromagnetic shielding housing (with the front direction being the mouth surface direction of the receiving antenna of the measurement system).

[0036] On the outside of the front end face of the chassis, a convex square flange surface for connecting the polarization flange and the front-end waveguide device is designed. The connecting threaded holes on the flange surface are non-through threaded holes, and the middle of the flange surface is a square through hole for passing through the microwave short cable used to connect the coaxial interface of the terminated waveguide coaxial converter and the coaxial device inside the shielding chassis. Inside the front panel of the shielding chassis, two positioning pins are designed for positioning and installing the equipment frame structure inside the chassis.

[0037] The cavity of the shielding chassis is made of a whole piece of aluminum plate with a thickness of 3 mm into a rectangular cavity. Among them, three edges of the rectangular cavity are processed with pre-fold lines by scoring to ensure that the bending inner angle is a right angle. The stitching edge of the cuboid is processed by full welding and then smoothed to ensure no gaps and no holes. The front end face of the chassis and the cavity are also processed by full welding and then smoothed to ensure no gaps and no holes.

[0038] The rear cover of the shielding chassis is milled from a whole piece of aluminum alloy. On the basis of not affecting the shielding effect, according to the cut-off waveguide theory, on the basis of not affecting the shielding efficiency of the chassis, a fiber optic hole, a charging hole for the measuring instrument, a switch hole for the measuring instrument, and a small hole array for heat dissipation are opened on the rear cover of the chassis. A cooling fan is installed at the position of the small hole array inside the chassis for equipment heat dissipation. A beryllium copper spring piece 22 is installed on the side edge of the rear cover to achieve good electrical contact between the rear cover and the housing.

[0039] On the basis of considering the structural strength, the surface of the measuring instrument shielding chassis is grooved with a depth of 1.5 mm according to the design pattern. The functions of grooving are as follows: 1) Increase the heat dissipation area on the surface of the chassis, which is beneficial to the overall heat dissipation of the measuring instrument. 2) Can effectively reduce the weight of the chassis and improve the overall portability of the measuring instrument. 3) Can play a role in decorating the surface of the chassis.

[0040] The specific implementation method of the high-power microwave radiation field measuring instrument is to first select waveguide devices including a receiving antenna, a coupled waveguide attenuator, and a terminated waveguide coaxial converter at the front end of the measuring instrument according to the frequency of the radiation field to be measured.

[0041] Then select the corresponding polarization flange according to the waveguide device to connect the front-end waveguide device and the rear-end shielding chassis together to complete the assembly of the measuring instrument.

[0042] The working principle of the present utility model is:

[0043] According to the high power, the high-power microwave radiation field enters the coupled waveguide attenuator 18 through the pyramidal horn antenna 19 (receiving antenna) of the measuring instrument. The coupled waveguide attenuator attenuates the radiation field power received by the pyramidal horn antenna. After the power is adjusted to the power range that the coaxial device can withstand, it is then transmitted to the shielding chassis 1 of the measuring instrument through the end-fire waveguide coaxial converter 17 and the short microwave cable 15. The control computer 14 sends a command to adjust the attenuation amount of the programmable attenuator 3 to the control board 2 through the remote communication system composed of the USB data cable 13, the optical terminal 2, the optical fiber 11, and the optical terminal 1 6. Through the adjustment of the attenuation amount, the measurement signal power is adjusted to the range that the detection component 4 can withstand. After the measurement signal is detected by the detection component 4, it enters the virtual oscilloscope 5 for waveform acquisition and waveform parameter measurement. According to the measured pulse amplitude, combined with the calibration curve fitting formula of the detection component, the calibration result of the attenuation amount of the measuring instrument path, and the effective receiving area parameter of the receiving antenna of the measuring instrument, the measured power value of the measuring instrument and the radiation field power density value at the measurement point can be calculated.

Claims

1. A high-power microwave radiation field measuring instrument based on a virtual oscilloscope, comprising a shielding chassis (1), characterized in that, Inside the shielded chassis (1), there is a control board (2); the DB9 control interface (26) of the control board (2) is connected to the DB9 port of the programmable attenuator (3); the output end of the programmable attenuator (3) is connected to the input end of the detector assembly (4); the output end of the detector assembly (4) is connected to the measurement channel port of the virtual oscilloscope (5); the USB port of the virtual oscilloscope (5) is connected to a USB port on the first optical terminal (6), and the other USB port of the first optical terminal (6) is connected to the USB communication interface (24) of the control board (2); the LC fiber optic port of the first optical terminal (6) is connected to the LC fiber optic port of the second optical terminal (12) through an optical fiber (11); the second optical terminal (12) is connected to the control computer (14) through a USB data cable (13); the input port of the programmable attenuator (3) is connected to the coaxial port of the waveguide-to-coaxial converter (17) through a short microwave cable (15); the waveguide port of the waveguide-to-coaxial converter (17) is connected to the coupled attenuator (18); the coupled attenuator (18) is connected to the pyramidal horn antenna (19).

2. The high-power microwave radiation field measuring instrument based on a virtual oscilloscope according to claim 1, characterized in that, The shielded chassis (1) is connected to the housing of the waveguide-to-coaxial converter (17) through a polarization flange (16).

3. The high-power microwave radiation field measuring instrument based on a virtual oscilloscope according to claim 1, characterized in that The shielded chassis (1) is also provided with a power switch hole (8) and a battery charging hole (9).

4. The high-power microwave radiation field measuring instrument based on a virtual oscilloscope according to claim 2, characterized in that, Both surfaces of the polarization flange (16) are provided with electrical contact grooves. The width and depth of the electrical contact grooves are both 1.5 mm, and beryllium copper helical tubes are provided inside the electrical contact grooves.

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