End plate structure of fuel cell engine

Abstract

The utility model discloses a fuel cell engine end plate structure which comprises a fuel cell inner side end plate, a fuel cell outer side end plate and an air inlet and outlet unit arranged between the fuel cell inner side end plate and the fuel cell outer side end plate. The hydrogen inlet and outlet unit is arranged between the fuel cell inner side end plate and the fuel cell outer side end plate; according to the fuel cell engine end plate structure provided by the utility model, the inner side end plate cooling water inlet channel and the outer side end plate cooling water inlet channel coincide, and the inner side end plate cooling water outlet channel and the outer side end plate cooling water outlet channel coincide, so that inlet cooling water can be preheated by effectively utilizing outlet high-temperature cooling water; the cold start time and efficiency of the fuel cell engine in a low-temperature environment are remarkably improved, potential damage to the engine is reduced, and secondly, the cooling water inlet is formed, so that cooling water can be heated by heat emitted by the electric pile before entering the electric pile.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of fuel cell engine end plates, in particular to a fuel cell engine end plate structure. Background Art

[0002] As an efficient and environmentally friendly energy conversion device, fuel cells have received extensive attention and research in recent years. Fuel cells directly convert the chemical energy in fuel into electrical energy through electrochemical reactions without a combustion process, so they have few emissions and are environmentally friendly. In a fuel cell system, the end plate structure, as an important part of the fuel cell stack, not only plays a role in support, sealing and connection, but also directly affects the performance and safety of the fuel cell stack.

[0003] With the continuous development of technology, the application fields of fuel cells are becoming increasingly broad, and the requirements for the end plate structure are also increasing. To meet market demands, the end plate structure needs to have higher strength, better sealing performance and lower cost. At the same time, with the increase in the power density of the fuel cell stack, higher requirements are also put forward for the heat dissipation performance of the end plate structure.

[0004] When a traditional fuel cell engine starts under low-temperature conditions, due to the too low temperature of the cooling water, the engine start-up time is significantly prolonged and the efficiency is greatly reduced, which not only affects the normal use performance of the engine, but also increases additional energy consumption and potential operation risks. To increase the temperature of the cooling water, existing systems usually rely on PTC heaters for heating, but this heating method not only has high energy consumption, but also takes a long time in the heating process, further affecting the overall performance of the engine.

[0005] Therefore, to solve the deficiencies of the above problems, a fuel cell engine end plate structure is proposed. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The utility model overcomes the deficiencies of the prior art and provides a fuel cell engine end plate structure.

[0007] To achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the utility model is: a fuel cell engine end plate structure, including: an inner fuel cell end plate and an outer fuel cell end plate, an air inlet and outlet unit arranged between the inner fuel cell end plate and the outer fuel cell end plate, and a hydrogen inlet and outlet unit arranged between the inner fuel cell end plate and the outer fuel cell end plate;

[0008] On one side of the inner end plate of the fuel cell, an inner end plate cooling water inlet channel is provided. On one inner wall of the inner end plate cooling water inlet channel, a first fuel cell cooling water inlet penetrates through. On one side of the inner end plate of the fuel cell, an inner end plate cooling water outlet channel is provided. On one inner wall of the inner end plate cooling water outlet channel, a first fuel cell cooling water outlet penetrates through.

[0009] On one side of the outer end plate of the fuel cell, an outer end plate cooling water inlet channel is provided. On one inner wall of the outer end plate cooling water inlet channel, a second fuel cell cooling water inlet penetrates through. On one side of the outer end plate of the fuel cell, an outer end plate cooling water outlet channel is provided. On one inner wall of the outer end plate cooling water outlet channel, a second fuel cell cooling water outlet penetrates through.

[0010] In a preferred embodiment of the present utility model, the inner end plate cooling water inlet channel and the outer end plate cooling water inlet channel coincide, and the inner end plate cooling water outlet channel and the outer end plate cooling water outlet channel coincide.

[0011] In a preferred embodiment of the present utility model, the air inlet and outlet unit includes a fuel cell air inlet and a fuel cell air outlet.

[0012] In a preferred embodiment of the present utility model, the fuel cell air inlet is provided on one side of the inner end plate of the fuel cell and penetrates through the outer end plate of the fuel cell.

[0013] In a preferred embodiment of the present utility model, the fuel cell air outlet is provided on one side of the inner end plate of the fuel cell and penetrates through the outer end plate of the fuel cell.

[0014] In a preferred embodiment of the present utility model, the hydrogen inlet and outlet unit includes: a fuel cell hydrogen outlet and a fuel cell hydrogen inlet.

[0015] In a preferred embodiment of the present utility model, the fuel cell hydrogen outlet is provided on one side of the inner end plate of the fuel cell and penetrates through the outer end plate of the fuel cell.

[0016] In a preferred embodiment of the present utility model, the fuel cell hydrogen inlet is provided on one side of the inner end plate of the fuel cell and penetrates through the outer end plate of the fuel cell.

[0017] In a preferred embodiment of the present utility model, the inner end plate and the outer end plate of the fuel cell are hermetically connected.

[0018] The present utility model solves the defects in the background technology and has the following beneficial effects:

[0019] (1) The present utility model provides a fuel cell engine end plate structure. By setting the inner end plate cooling water inlet channel to coincide with the outer end plate cooling water inlet channel, and the inner end plate cooling water outlet channel to coincide with the outer end plate cooling water outlet channel, it can effectively utilize the high-temperature cooling water at the outlet to preheat the inlet cooling water. This not only significantly improves the cold start time and efficiency of the fuel cell engine in a low-temperature environment, but also reduces the potential damage to the engine itself. Secondly, by setting the cooling water inlet, the cooling water can be heated by the heat generated by the fuel cell stack before entering the interior of the stack, further shortening the heating time of the cooling water, thereby reducing the overall energy consumption and improving the system energy efficiency.

[0020] (2) The present utility model provides a fuel cell engine end plate structure. By making both the fuel cell air inlet and the fuel cell air outlet penetrate through the fuel cell inner end plate and the fuel cell outer end plate, it can achieve efficient circulation of the reaction air, reduce the residence time of the gas in the end plate, thereby improving the working efficiency of the fuel cell; and ensure the continuous and stable supply of the reaction air, which helps to maintain the stable operation of the fuel cell engine, further enhancing the overall performance of the fuel cell engine, and further enhancing the stability and reliability of the system.

[0021] (3) The present utility model provides a fuel cell engine end plate structure. By making both the fuel cell hydrogen outlet and the fuel cell hydrogen inlet penetrate through the fuel cell inner end plate and the fuel cell outer end plate, it can ensure the safe and effective management of hydrogen, avoid the accumulation of hydrogen in the end plate, thereby reducing the safety risk. At the same time, it also optimizes the hydrogen circulation path, enabling hydrogen to enter and leave the fuel cell efficiently and quickly, improving the utilization rate of hydrogen, thereby enhancing the working efficiency of the fuel cell and reducing energy consumption, achieving the efficient utilization of energy. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] The following further illustrates the present utility model in conjunction with the drawings and embodiments;

[0023] Figure 1 is the overall structure diagram of the preferred embodiment of the present utility model;

[0024] Figure 2 is the structure diagram of the fuel cell inner end plate of the preferred embodiment of the present utility model;

[0025] Figure 3 is the structure diagram of the fuel cell outer end plate of the preferred embodiment of the present utility model.

[0026] In the figure: 2. Inner end plate of fuel cell; 3. Outer end plate of fuel cell; 11. Air inlet of fuel cell; 12. First cooling water inlet of fuel cell; 13. Hydrogen outlet of fuel cell; 14. Hydrogen inlet of fuel cell; 15. First cooling water outlet of fuel cell; 16. Air outlet of fuel cell; 21. Cooling water inlet channel of inner end plate; 31. Cooling water outlet channel of inner end plate; 41. Cooling water inlet channel of outer end plate; 42. Cooling water outlet channel of outer end plate; 43. Second cooling water inlet of fuel cell; 44. Second cooling water outlet of fuel cell. Detailed implementation mode

[0027] Now, with reference to the drawings and embodiments, the present utility model will be further described in detail. These drawings are all simplified schematic diagrams, only schematically showing the basic structure of the present utility model, so they only show the components related to the present utility model.

[0028] As Figure 1 shown, a fuel cell engine end plate structure includes: an inner end plate 2 of the fuel cell and an outer end plate 3 of the fuel cell, an air inlet and outlet unit arranged between the inner end plate 2 of the fuel cell and the outer end plate 3 of the fuel cell, and a hydrogen inlet and outlet unit arranged between the inner end plate 2 of the fuel cell and the outer end plate 3 of the fuel cell;

[0029] As Figures 2 - 3 shown, the inner end plate 2 of the fuel cell and the outer end plate 3 of the fuel cell are hermetically connected. On one side of the inner end plate 2 of the fuel cell, a cooling water inlet channel 21 of the inner end plate is provided. On one side inner wall of the cooling water inlet channel 21 of the inner end plate, a first cooling water inlet 12 of the fuel cell penetrates through. On one side of the inner end plate 2 of the fuel cell, a cooling water outlet channel 31 of the inner end plate is provided. On one side inner wall of the cooling water outlet channel 31 of the inner end plate, a first cooling water outlet 15 of the fuel cell penetrates through;

[0030] On one side of the outer end plate 3 of the fuel cell, a cooling water inlet channel 41 of the outer end plate is provided. On one side inner wall of the cooling water inlet channel 41 of the outer end plate, a second cooling water inlet 43 of the fuel cell penetrates through. On one side of the outer end plate 3 of the fuel cell, a cooling water outlet channel 42 of the outer end plate is provided. On one side inner wall of the cooling water outlet channel 42 of the outer end plate, a second cooling water outlet 44 of the fuel cell penetrates through;

[0031] The cooling water inlet channel 21 of the inner end plate coincides with the cooling water inlet channel 41 of the outer end plate, and the cooling water outlet channel 31 of the inner end plate coincides with the cooling water outlet channel 42 of the outer end plate.

[0032] It should be noted that the end plate structure of the fuel cell engine is composed of the inner fuel cell end plate 2, the outer fuel cell end plate 3, the air inlet and outlet unit, and the hydrogen inlet and outlet unit, ensuring the efficient circulation of air and hydrogen. Through the sealed connection between the inner fuel cell end plate 2 and the outer fuel cell end plate 3, the stability and safety of the structure are ensured.

[0033] The coincidence of the inner end plate cooling water inlet channel 21 and the outer end plate cooling water inlet channel 41, as well as the coincidence of the inner end plate cooling water outlet channel 31 and the outer end plate cooling water outlet channel 42, not only simplifies the layout of the cooling water system, but also preheats the inlet cooling water by using the high-temperature cooling water at the outlet, improving the cold start performance and reducing the energy consumption. And the cooling water is heated by the heat generated by the fuel cell stack before entering the interior of the stack, further shortening the heating time of the cooling water by the PTC heater and improving the system efficiency.

[0034] As Figures 2 - 3 shown, the air inlet and outlet unit includes the fuel cell air inlet 11 and the fuel cell air outlet 16. The fuel cell air inlet 11 is opened on one side of the inner fuel cell end plate 2 and penetrates through the outer fuel cell end plate 3. The fuel cell air outlet 16 is opened on one side of the inner fuel cell end plate 2 and penetrates through the outer fuel cell end plate 3.

[0035] It should be noted that by opening the fuel cell air inlet 11 and the fuel cell air outlet 16 on one side of the inner fuel cell end plate 2 and penetrating through the outer fuel cell end plate 3 respectively, the efficient circulation of the reaction air is realized, ensuring that the air can quickly and smoothly enter and leave the fuel cell, thereby reducing the residence time of the gas in the end plate and improving the working efficiency of the fuel cell. At the same time, the through-type design also enhances the structural stability of the system, ensuring the continuity and stability of the air supply, contributing to maintaining the stable operation of the fuel cell engine, thereby improving the overall performance of the fuel cell engine, and also enhancing the reliability and safety of the system.

[0036] As Figures 2 - 3 shown, the hydrogen inlet and outlet unit includes: the fuel cell hydrogen outlet 13 and the fuel cell hydrogen inlet 14. The fuel cell hydrogen outlet 13 is opened on one side of the inner fuel cell end plate 2 and penetrates through the outer fuel cell end plate 3. The fuel cell hydrogen inlet 14 is opened on one side of the inner fuel cell end plate 2 and penetrates through the outer fuel cell end plate 3.

[0037] It should be noted that by opening the fuel cell hydrogen outlet 13 and the fuel cell hydrogen inlet 14 on one side of the inner end plate 2 of the fuel cell and passing through the outer end plate 3 of the fuel cell respectively, the efficient and safe circulation of hydrogen in the fuel cell is realized, ensuring that hydrogen can enter and leave the fuel cell quickly and smoothly, reducing the accumulation of hydrogen in the end plate, and thus reducing the safety risk. At the same time, the efficient hydrogen circulation also improves the working efficiency of the fuel cell and enhances the overall performance of the system.

[0038] When the present utility model is in use, when the fuel cell engine works, air enters the space between the inner end plate 2 and the outer end plate 3 of the fuel cell through the fuel cell air inlet 11, and then enters the fuel cell interior to participate in the reaction. At the same time, hydrogen enters the fuel cell interior through the fuel cell hydrogen inlet 14, reacts chemically with the oxygen in the air to generate electric energy and water, and the heat generated during the reaction is conducted and dissipated through the inner end plate 2 and the outer end plate 3 of the fuel cell; in terms of the cooling water system, the cooling water first enters the interior of the fuel cell engine end plate structure through between the inner end plate cooling water inlet channel 21 and the outer end plate cooling water inlet channel 41. Since the inner end plate cooling water outlet channel 31 and the outer end plate cooling water outlet channel 42 also coincide, the high-temperature cooling water at the outlet will preheat the low-temperature cooling water at the inlet, and the preheating process improves the cold start performance and reduces the energy consumption. The preheated cooling water then enters the fuel cell interior to cool the fuel cell, absorb the heat generated during the reaction, and is discharged through between the inner end plate cooling water outlet channel 31 and the outer end plate cooling water outlet channel 42 to form a cycle; the exhaust gas generated by the reaction is discharged through the fuel cell hydrogen outlet 13 to ensure the stability of the hydrogen concentration inside the fuel cell. At the same time, the fuel cell air outlet 16 is used to discharge the remaining air after the reaction to ensure the air circulation inside the fuel cell.

[0039] Based on the ideal embodiments of the present utility model as an inspiration, through the above description, relevant personnel can completely make various changes and modifications without departing from the technical idea of this utility model. The technical scope of this utility model is not limited to the content in the specification, and the technical scope must be determined according to the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A fuel cell engine end plate structure, comprising: The inner end plate (2) of the fuel cell and the outer end plate (3) of the fuel cell, an air inlet / outlet unit disposed between the inner end plate (2) of the fuel cell and the outer end plate (3) of the fuel cell, and a hydrogen inlet / outlet unit disposed between the inner end plate (2) of the fuel cell and the outer end plate (3) of the fuel cell, characterized in that; On one side of the inner end plate (2) of the fuel cell, an inner end plate cooling water inlet channel (21) is provided. On one inner wall of the inner end plate cooling water inlet channel (21), a first fuel cell cooling water inlet (12) penetrates. On one side of the inner end plate (2) of the fuel cell, an inner end plate cooling water outlet channel (31) is provided. On one inner wall of the inner end plate cooling water outlet channel (31), a first fuel cell cooling water outlet (15) penetrates; On one side of the outer end plate (3) of the fuel cell, an outer end plate cooling water inlet channel (41) is provided. On one inner wall of the outer end plate cooling water inlet channel (41), a second fuel cell cooling water inlet (43) penetrates. On one side of the outer end plate (3) of the fuel cell, an outer end plate cooling water outlet channel (42) is provided. On one inner wall of the outer end plate cooling water outlet channel (42), a second fuel cell cooling water outlet (44) penetrates.

2. The end plate structure of a fuel cell engine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner end plate cooling water inlet channel (21) and the outer end plate cooling water inlet channel (41) coincide, and the inner end plate cooling water outlet channel (31) and the outer end plate cooling water outlet channel (42) coincide.

3. The end plate structure of a fuel cell engine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The air inlet / outlet unit includes a fuel cell air inlet (11) and a fuel cell air outlet (16).

4. A fuel cell engine end plate structure according to claim 3, characterized in that: The fuel cell air inlet (11) is provided on one side of the inner end plate (2) of the fuel cell, and the fuel cell air inlet (11) penetrates the outer end plate (3) of the fuel cell.

5. A fuel cell engine end plate structure according to claim 3, characterized in that: The fuel cell air outlet (16) is provided on one side of the inner end plate (2) of the fuel cell, and the fuel cell air outlet (16) penetrates the outer end plate (3) of the fuel cell.

6. The end plate structure of a fuel cell engine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hydrogen inlet / outlet unit includes: a fuel cell hydrogen outlet (13) and a fuel cell hydrogen inlet (14).

7. The end plate structure of a fuel cell engine according to claim 6, characterized in that: The fuel cell hydrogen outlet (13) is provided on one side of the inner end plate (2) of the fuel cell, and the fuel cell hydrogen outlet (13) penetrates the outer end plate (3) of the fuel cell.

8. A fuel cell engine end plate structure according to claim 6, characterized in that: The fuel cell hydrogen inlet (14) is provided on one side of the inner end plate (2) of the fuel cell, and the fuel cell hydrogen inlet (14) penetrates the outer end plate (3) of the fuel cell.

9. A fuel cell engine end plate structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner end plate (2) of the fuel cell and the outer end plate (3) of the fuel cell are hermetically connected therebetween.

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