Experimental device for researching migration rule of pollutants in subsurface flow zone

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the technical field of experimental research, and particularly relates to an experimental device for researching a subsurface zone pollutant migration rule, which comprises a water injection component, a column body, a filling medium and a detection component, the column body is of a cylindrical cavity structure, the upper end and the lower end of the column body are each provided with a water injection opening, and the two water injection openings are each communicated with one output end of the water injection assembly; the filling medium is arranged in the column body and is used for simulating a soil layer structure from surface water to underground water; the detection assembly comprises a processor, an environment monitoring module and a pollutant collection module; the environment monitoring module is used for monitoring different depth environment indexes in the filling medium; and the pollutant collection module is used for collecting pollutants at different depths in the filling medium at regular time and transmitting the pollutants to the processor for analysis. The device can avoid the interference of external environmental factors, and provides reliable reference data for accurately analyzing the migration rule of the subsurface zone pollutants in the vertical direction.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of experimental research, and particularly relates to an experimental device for studying the migration law of pollutants in the hyporheic zone. Background Art

[0002] When a river interacts with groundwater, a key area - the hyporheic zone is formed. This area undertakes the complex conversion process between the two aquatic ecosystems. Especially affected by factors such as seasonal river water and groundwater extraction, the recharge-discharge relationship and water flow exchange rate between the river and groundwater will be affected to a certain extent. This will promote changes in the structure and hydrochemical characteristics of the hyporheic zone, and further affect the migration and transformation ability of pollutants.

[0003] Currently, the main technologies for studying the hyporheic zone are in-situ cultivation technology, detection and sampling technology. The in-situ cultivation technology ensures that the research process is carried out as much as possible under natural conditions, and the in-situ sediment is not disturbed. With the help of technologies such as ion-selective electrodes, silica gel microelectrodes, and diffusive gradients in thin films probes, the concentrations of various chemical substances are measured in-situ.

[0004] The problem of the existing technology at present is that most studies focus on in-situ research on a large scale in the wild. However, the wild environment is complex, and various uncertain factors occur during the experimental process, and the original geological structure environment is affected to varying degrees. This leads to a certain impact on the migration and transformation of pollutants in the vertical depth of the hyporheic zone during the experimental process, and it is impossible to accurately analyze the migration law of pollutants in the vertical direction of the hyporheic zone. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In order to solve the problems existing in the existing technology, the purpose of the utility model is to provide an experimental device for studying the migration law of pollutants in the hyporheic zone, which can provide reliable reference data for accurately analyzing the migration law of pollutants in the vertical direction of the hyporheic zone through simulation experiments.

[0006] The technical solution of the utility model is as follows:

[0007] An experimental device for studying the migration law of pollutants in the hyporheic zone, comprising:

[0008] A column body, which is a cylindrical cavity structure. The central axis of the column body is vertically arranged, and a water injection port is respectively arranged at the upper and lower ends of the column body;

[0009] A filling medium, which is filled inside the column body and is used to simulate the soil layer structure from surface water to groundwater;

[0010] A water injection assembly, which has two water outlets, and the two water outlets are respectively communicated with a water injection port of the column body;

[0011] Detection component, including an environmental monitoring module and a pollutant collection module respectively electrically connected to a processor, where the environmental monitoring module is used to monitor environmental indicators at different depths in the filling medium; the pollutant collection module is used to collect soil solutions at different depths in the filling medium and transmit them to the processor for pollutant content analysis.

[0012] Preferably, the environmental monitoring module includes a plurality of soil sensors, which are evenly arranged along the height direction of the column body, and the soil sensors pass through the side wall of the column body and are inserted into the filling medium, and the soil sensors are electrically connected to the processor.

[0013] Preferably, the pollutant collection module includes a water quality detector and a plurality of solution collectors. A plurality of sampling holes are provided on the column body, and the solution collectors and the sampling holes are arranged in one-to-one correspondence. The solution collector includes a syringe and a liquid suction pipe. One end of the liquid suction pipe is connected to the syringe, and the other end is connected to the sampling hole and inserted into the filling medium. A first valve is provided on the liquid suction pipe, and the first valve is connected to a delivery pipe. The outlet of the delivery pipe is connected to the water quality detector, and the water quality detector is electrically connected to the processor.

[0014] Preferably, the water injection component includes a water injection pipe, a water storage tank, a double-pump head peristaltic pump and a water delivery pipe. The water injection pipe is connected to the inlet of the water storage tank, and a second valve is provided on the water injection pipe. The outlet of the water storage tank is connected to the inlet pipe of the double-pump head peristaltic pump. The two outlet ports of the double-pump head peristaltic pump are respectively connected to a water delivery pipe. The two water delivery pipes are respectively connected to a first water pipe and a second water pipe. The outlet of the first water pipe is connected to the water injection port at the bottom of the column body, and the second water pipe is connected to the water injection port at the top of the column body. And a third valve is provided at the connection section of the first water pipe and the water injection port of the column body.

[0015] Preferably, the distance between the top of the filling medium and the wall of the column body is 5-10 cm.

[0016] Preferably, jacks for installing soil sensors are provided on the side wall of the column body. A sealing plate is pasted at the jack, and a sealing gasket is fixedly connected to the side of the sealing plate facing the jack. The sealing gasket seals the jack, and the soil sensor is fixed on the sealing gasket. The data line between the soil sensor and the processor sequentially passes through the sealing plate and the sealing gasket.

[0017] Preferably, the column is installed on a fixed bracket, which includes a base, a connecting rod, a fixing ring and fixing bolts. The connecting rod is vertically arranged and its lower end is fixedly connected to the base. There are at least two fixing rings, and both fixing rings are fixed on the connecting rod by fixing bolts. The fixing ring is sleeved on the column and the two are detachably connected. There is a gap between the column and the base.

[0018] Preferably, the detection component further includes a cloud platform, which is wirelessly connected to the processor and is used for displaying and storing experimental data.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, an experimental device for studying the migration law of pollutants in the hyporheic zone of the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0020] This device uses a simulation experiment to replace in-situ experiments. When conducting the experiment, the column and the filling medium can simulate the underlying distribution structure. By injecting water from the top or bottom of the column through the water injection component, two water flow patterns of surface water flowing downward to the ground or groundwater flowing upward to the surface can be simulated. Furthermore, through the environmental acquisition module, the detection of environmental indicators at different depths in the simulated environment can be realized, and through the pollutant acquisition module, the monitoring of pollutant contents at different depths in the simulated environment can be carried out. The structure is simple and easy to implement, avoiding the interference of external environmental factors, and can effectively provide reliable reference data for studying the migration law of pollutants in the vertical direction of the hyporheic zone. Description of the Drawings

[0021] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of the overall experimental device in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 2 It is a schematic structural diagram of the sealing plate in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 3 It is a schematic structural diagram of the connection structure between the first water pipe and the column in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 4 It is a schematic structural diagram of the fixed bracket in the embodiment of the present invention.

[0025] Description of the Reference Numerals:

[0026] 1. Water injection pipe; 2. Water storage tank; 3. Drain outlet; 4. Second valve; 5. Water outlet; 6. Water delivery pipe; 6-1. First water pipe; 6-2. Second water pipe; 6-3. Third valve; 7. Double-pump head peristaltic pump; 8. Processor; 9. Data line; 10. Filling medium; 11. Column; 12. Sampling hole; 13. Solution collector; 13-1. Syringe; 13-2. Liquid outlet; 14. Soil sensor; 15. Fixed bracket; 15-1. Base; 15-2. Connecting rod; 15-3. Bolt; 15-4. Fixed ring; 16. Water quality detector; 17. First valve; 18. Jack; 19. Sealing plate; 20. Sealing gasket. Detailed implementation manners

[0027] In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present utility model clearer and more understandable, the present utility model will be further described in detail below in combination with the attached drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present utility model and are not used to limit the present utility model.

[0028] All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments in the present utility model without creative efforts fall within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0029] In addition, the technical solutions between the various embodiments of the present utility model can be combined with each other, but it must be based on the fact that those of ordinary skill in the art can implement it. When the combination of technical solutions results in contradictions or cannot be implemented, it should be considered that such a combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the protection scope required by the present utility model.

[0030] See Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, in order to avoid the interference of external environmental factors and provide reliable reference data for accurately analyzing the migration law of contaminants in the hyporheic zone in the vertical direction. This embodiment provides an experimental device for studying the migration law of contaminants in the hyporheic zone, including a water injection assembly with two output ends, a column 11, a filling medium 10, and a detection assembly; wherein the column 11 is a cylindrical cavity structure, the central axis of the column 11 is vertically arranged, and a water injection port is respectively arranged at the upper and lower ends of the column 11, and each of the two water injection ports is communicated with one output end of the water injection assembly; the filling medium 10 is filled inside the column 11, and a spacing of 5 - 10 cm is reserved between the top of the filling medium 10 and the top wall of the column 11 as a water injection space, and the filling medium 10 is used to simulate the soil layer structure between surface water and groundwater; the detection assembly includes a processor 8, an environmental monitoring module, and a contaminant collection module. The environmental monitoring module has multiple monitoring parts, and the multiple monitoring parts are equally spaced along the central axis of the column 11. The multiple monitoring parts are electrically connected to the processor 8, and the environmental monitoring module is used to monitor and analyze the environmental indicators at different depths in the filling medium 10; the contaminant collection module has multiple collection parts, and the multiple collection parts correspond to the monitoring parts one by one. The collection parts are electrically connected to the processor 8, and the contaminant collection module is used to regularly collect the soil solution at different depths in the filling medium 10 and transmit it to the processor 8 for analysis.

[0031] See Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, further, for the convenience of the experiment, the monitoring part is a soil sensor 14. A jack 18 adapted to the soil sensor 14 is provided on the column 11. The soil sensor 14 passes through the jack 18 and is inserted into the filling medium 10, and the soil sensor 14 is electrically connected to the processor 8 through a data line 9. The soil sensor 14 can be used to monitor in real time the indicators such as moisture, conductivity, and temperature in the soil, which is convenient for providing a reference for the migration law of contaminants.

[0032] See Figure 2 As shown, further, a sealing plate 19 is provided at the position of each jack 18 on the column 11. The sealing plate 19 is flexibly arranged, and both ends of the sealing plate 19 are pasted to the side wall of the column 11. A sealing gasket 20 is fixedly connected to the sealing plate 19 facing the jack 18, and the sealing gasket 20 plugs the outlet. The soil sensor 14 is fixed on the sealing gasket 20, and the data line 9 passes through the sealing plate 19 and the sealing gasket 20 in sequence and is electrically connected to the soil sensor 14. The sealing plate 19 and the sealing gasket 20 can seal the connection between the jack 18 and the soil sensor 14, prevent the solution in the column 11 from flowing out, and also avoid the influence of the external environment on the internal environment.

[0033] See Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown in the figure, further, the pollutant collection module includes a water quality detector 16 and a plurality of solution collectors 13. A plurality of sampling holes 12 are formed in the column 11. The solution collectors 13 and the sampling holes 12 are arranged in one-to-one correspondence. The solution collector 13 serves as the collection component of the pollutant collection module. It includes a syringe 13-1 and a liquid suction pipe. One end of the liquid suction pipe is connected to the syringe 13-1 in communication, and the other end is connected to the sampling hole 12 and inserted into the filling medium 10. A first valve 17 is provided on the liquid suction pipe. The first valve 17 is connected to a delivery pipe. The outlet 13-2 of the delivery pipe is connected to the water quality detector 16. The water quality detector 16 is electrically connected to the processor 8. During sampling, first adjust the first valve 17 to make the syringe 13-1 communicate with the sampling hole 12, and then use the syringe 13-1 to extract the soil solution. After extracting a certain amount, further adjust the first valve 17 to make the syringe 13-1 communicate with the inlet of the water quality detector 16. At this time, push the piston in the syringe 13-1 to transport the soil solution inside the syringe 13-1 to the water quality detector 16 through the delivery pipe, and then use the water quality detector 16 to detect the specified pollutants in the collected water quality sample and transmit the detection data to the processor 8.

[0034] Further, the detection component further includes a cloud platform. The cloud platform is wirelessly connected to the processor 8. The cloud platform is used to display and store experimental data. Using the cloud platform can facilitate the real-time acquisition and viewing of experimental data, and facilitate information sharing and preservation, etc.

[0035] See Figure 1 and Figure 3 As shown in the figure, further, in order to facilitate the supply of water flow into the column 11 and to facilitate changing the water flow direction. The water injection component includes a water injection pipe 1, a water storage tank 2, a double-pump head peristaltic pump 7, and a water delivery pipe 6. The water injection pipe 1 is connected to the inlet of the water storage tank 2. A second valve 4 is provided on the water injection pipe 1. The outlet of the water storage tank 2 is connected to the inlet pipe of the double-pump head peristaltic pump 7. The two outlets 5 of the double-pump head peristaltic pump 7 are respectively connected to a water delivery pipe 6. The two water delivery pipes 6 are respectively connected to a first water pipe 6-1 and a second water pipe 6-2. The outlet 5 of the first water pipe 6-1 is connected to the water injection port at the bottom of the column 11. The second water pipe 6-2 is connected to the water injection port at the top of the column 11. And a third valve 6-3 is provided at the connection section of the first water pipe 6-1 and the water injection port of the column.

[0036] See Figure 4As shown, further, the column 11 is installed on the fixed bracket 15, and the fixed bracket 15 includes a base 15-1, a connecting rod 15-2, a fixing ring 15-4 and a fixing bolt 15-3. The connecting rod 15-2 is vertically arranged and the lower end is fixedly connected to the base 15-1. There are at least two fixing rings 15-4, and the two fixing rings 15-4 are fixed to the connecting rod 15-2 by fixing bolts 15-3. The fixing ring 15-4 is sleeved on the column 11 and the two are detachably connected. There is a gap between the column 11 and the base 15-1. The fixed bracket 15 can be used to keep the column 11 at a certain vertical height, so that the first water pipe 6-1 can provide the injection of solution from directly below the column 11, and the water flow direction can be more realistic.

[0037] Working principle of this device:

[0038] When simulating groundwater to replenish surface water, first fill the water tank 2 with the configured leaching solution. After the device is powered on, adjust the double-pump peristaltic pump 7 to set the water flow rate, and the solution is injected into the column from the bottom of the column device through the water pipe 6. Correspondingly, when simulating surface water to replenish groundwater, the solution is injected into the column from the top of the column device through the water pipe 6. Then, the soil sensor 14 on the side of the device is controlled by the processor 8, and the interval time for collecting data is set, and finally the indicators such as soil moisture, conductivity, temperature, etc. at different depths are uploaded to the cloud platform. At the same time, according to the set interval time of the experiment, water quality samples at different depths are collected from the side sampling hole 12 by using the solution collector 13, and the specified pollutants in the soil solution are detected by using the water quality detector 16, and the pollutant-related data are transmitted to the processor 8, and then leaching samples are collected from the top and bottom of the column under the two water flow forms, and the pollutants are collected and measured respectively. After the experiment, the filling medium 10 is taken out, and the filling medium at different depths is sampled and analyzed for the content of pollutants, and the content is fed back to the processor 8. The processor 8 organizes and analyzes the above data and publishes the final test results on the cloud platform for the convenience of experimenters to record and store.

[0039] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications to the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Thus, if these modifications and variations of the present invention fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention and their equivalents, the present invention is also intended to include these modifications and variations.

Claims

1. An experimental device for studying the migration law of pollutants in the hyporheic zone, characterized in that, Comprising: A cylinder (11), which is a cylindrical cavity structure. The central axis of the cylinder (11) is vertically arranged, and a water injection port is respectively arranged at the upper and lower ends of the cylinder (11). A filling medium (10), which is filled inside the cylinder (11) and is used to simulate the soil layer structure between surface water and groundwater. A water injection assembly, which has two water outlets, and the two water outlets are respectively communicated with a water injection port of the cylinder (11). A detection assembly, which includes an environmental monitoring module and a pollutant collection module that are respectively electrically connected to a processor (8). The environmental monitoring module is used to monitor environmental indicators at different depths in the filling medium (10); the pollutant collection module is used to collect soil solutions at different depths in the filling medium (10) and transmit them to the processor (8) for analysis of pollutant content.

2. The experimental device for studying the migration law of pollutants in the hyporheic zone according to claim 1, characterized in that, The environmental monitoring module includes a plurality of soil sensors (14). The plurality of soil sensors (14) are uniformly arranged along the height direction of the cylinder (11), and the soil sensors (14) pass through the side wall of the cylinder (11) and are inserted into the filling medium (10). The soil sensors (14) are electrically connected to the processor (8).

3. An experimental device for studying the migration law of pollutants in the hyporheic zone according to claim 1, characterized in that, The pollutant collection module includes a water quality detector (16) and a plurality of solution collectors (13). A plurality of sampling holes (12) are formed in the cylinder (11). The solution collectors (13) and the sampling holes (12) are arranged in one-to-one correspondence. The solution collector (13) includes a syringe (13-1) and a liquid suction pipe. One end of the liquid suction pipe is connected to the syringe (13-1), and the other end is communicated with the sampling hole (12) and inserted into the filling medium (10). A first valve (17) is arranged on the liquid suction pipe. The first valve (17) is connected with a delivery pipe. The liquid outlet (13-2) of the delivery pipe is connected to the water quality detector (16), and the water quality detector (16) is electrically connected to the processor (8).

4. An experimental device for studying the migration law of pollutants in the hyporheic zone according to claim 1, characterized in that, The water injection assembly includes a water injection pipe (1), a water storage tank (2), a double-pump peristaltic pump (7), and a water delivery pipe (6). The water injection pipe (1) is communicated with the inlet of the water storage tank (2). A second valve (4) is arranged on the water injection pipe (1). The outlet of the water storage tank (2) is communicated with the water inlet pipe of the double-pump peristaltic pump (7). The two water outlets of the double-pump peristaltic pump (7) are respectively connected to a water delivery pipe (6). The two water delivery pipes (6) are respectively connected with a first water pipe (6-1) and a second water pipe (6-2). The water outlet (5) of the first water pipe (6-1) is communicated with the water injection port at the bottom of the cylinder (11). The second water pipe (6-2) is communicated with the water injection port at the top of the cylinder (11). And a third valve (6-3) is arranged at the connection section between the first water pipe (6-1) and the water injection port of the cylinder (11).

5. An experimental device for studying the migration law of pollutants in the hyporheic zone according to claim 1, characterized in that, The distance between the top of the filling medium (10) and the wall of the cylinder (11) is 5-10 cm.

6. An experimental device for studying the migration law of pollutants in the hyporheic zone according to claim 2, characterized in that, A jack (18) for installing a soil sensor (14) is provided on the side wall of the cylinder (11). A sealing plate (19) is pasted at the jack (18). A sealing gasket (20) is fixedly connected to the side of the sealing plate (19) facing the jack (18). The sealing gasket (20) seals the jack. The soil sensor (14) is fixed on the sealing gasket (20). A data line (9) between the soil sensor (14) and the processor (8) is sequentially arranged through the sealing plate (19) and the sealing gasket (20).

7. An experimental device for studying the migration law of pollutants in the hyporheic zone according to claim 1, characterized in that The cylinder (11) is installed on a fixed bracket (15). The fixed bracket (15) includes a base (15-1), a connecting rod (15-2), a fixing ring (15-4) and a fixing bolt (15-3). The connecting rod (15-2) is vertically arranged and its lower end is fixedly connected to the base (15-1). At least two fixing rings (15-4) are provided. Both of the two fixing rings (15-4) are fixed on the connecting rod (15-2) by the fixing bolt (15-3). The fixing ring (15-4) is sleeved on the cylinder (11) and the two are detachably connected. There is a gap between the cylinder (11) and the base (15-1).

8. An experimental device for studying the migration law of pollutants in the hyporheic zone according to claim 1, characterized in that, The detection assembly further includes a cloud platform. The cloud platform is wirelessly connected to the processor (8). The cloud platform is used for displaying and storing experimental data.

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