Energy storage battery management system

Abstract

The utility model discloses an energy storage battery management system, which comprises a controller and a battery unit with a plurality of battery modules, the switching mechanism is electrically connected with the controller; the high-temperature cooling loop is used for cooling the battery unit in a high-temperature environment; the low-temperature cooling loop is used for cooling the battery unit in a low-temperature environment; the low-temperature heating loop is used for heating the battery unit in the low-temperature environment; the output end of the high-temperature cooling loop is connected with the water inlet of the battery unit, the input end of the high-temperature cooling loop is connected with the water outlet of the battery unit, the output end of the low-temperature cooling loop is connected with the water inlet of the battery unit, and the input end of the low-temperature cooling loop is connected with the water inlet of the battery unit; the output end of the low-temperature heating loop is connected with the water inlet of the battery unit, and the input end of the low-temperature heating loop is connected with the water outlet of the battery unit. According to the utility model, natural environment conditions are fully utilized, and the energy efficiency of thermal management of the energy storage battery is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of battery energy storage, and particularly relates to an energy storage battery management system. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of energy technologies, lithium-ion batteries, as an efficient and environmentally friendly energy storage method, have been widely used in many fields such as electric vehicles, energy storage power stations, and portable electronic devices. Their advantages of high energy density, long cycle life, high efficiency, and fast response make lithium-ion batteries the main way of current electric energy storage.

[0003] However, the performance of lithium-ion batteries is closely related to the ambient temperature. Especially under extreme temperature conditions, the performance and safety of the batteries will be significantly affected. At low temperatures, the reaction rate of the active materials in lithium-ion batteries decreases, resulting in battery capacity attenuation, slower charging speed, and even possible lithium plating phenomenon, which damages the internal structure of the battery; high temperatures will accelerate the internal chemical reactions of the battery, increase the self-discharge rate, shorten the battery life, and may cause safety problems such as thermal runaway. In addition, too large a temperature difference between battery cells will lead to inconsistent performance of the battery module, further reducing the capacity and efficiency of the overall energy storage system.

[0004] The existing energy storage battery thermal management technologies use single and energy-inefficient cooling and heating methods. The thermal management of energy storage batteries mainly uses air cooling or water cooling for cooling, and PTC films or external PTC heaters for heating. These methods are relatively low in energy efficiency and do not make full use of the natural environmental conditions. Summary of the Utility Model

[0005] Aiming at the deficiencies of the above-mentioned existing technologies, the technical problem to be solved by the utility model is: to provide an energy storage battery management system that cools and heats the battery module by making full use of the ambient temperature.

[0006] To solve the above technical problem, a technical solution adopted by the utility model is: to provide an energy storage battery management system for improving energy efficiency by using the ambient temperature, including a controller and a battery unit having a plurality of battery modules, and further including a switching mechanism electrically connected to the controller, a high-temperature cooling circuit connected to the switching mechanism for cooling the battery unit in a high-temperature environment, a low-temperature cooling circuit connected to the switching mechanism for cooling the battery unit in a low-temperature environment, and a low-temperature heating circuit connected to the switching mechanism for heating the battery unit in a low-temperature environment; the output end of the high-temperature cooling circuit is connected to the water inlet of the battery unit, the input end is connected to the water outlet of the battery unit, the output end of the low-temperature cooling circuit is connected to the water inlet of the battery unit, the input end is connected to the water inlet of the battery unit, and the output end of the low-temperature heating circuit is connected to the water inlet of the battery unit, and the input end is connected to the water outlet of the battery unit.

[0007] Further, the high-temperature cooling circuit includes a first pipeline system, a first electronic water pump disposed on the first pipeline system, and a heat exchange unit for exchanging heat with the cooling liquid in the first pipeline system; the water inlet of the first electronic water pump is connected to the water outlet of the battery unit through the input end of the first pipeline system, and the water outlet of the first electronic water pump is connected to the water inlet of the battery unit through the output end of the first pipeline system.

[0008] Further, the first pipeline system includes a first pipeline, a second pipeline, and a third pipeline disposed between the first pipeline and the second pipeline; the input end of the first pipeline is connected to the output end of the third pipeline, and the output end of the first pipeline is connected to the water inlet of the battery unit; the input end of the second pipeline is connected to the water outlet of the battery unit, and the output end of the second pipeline is connected to the input end of the third pipeline; the first electronic water pump is disposed on the first pipeline, and the heat exchange unit is used for exchanging heat with the coolant flowing through the third pipeline;

[0009] A second pipeline system is further disposed between the first pipeline and the second pipeline. The input end of the second pipeline system is connected to the output end of the second pipeline, and the output end of the second pipeline system is connected to the input end of the first pipeline. A low-temperature radiator is provided on the second pipeline system. The first pipeline, the second pipeline, the second pipeline system, the first electronic water pump disposed on the first pipeline, and the low-temperature radiator disposed on the second pipeline system form a low-temperature cooling circuit;

[0010] The switching mechanism includes a first solenoid valve and a second solenoid valve. The first end of the first solenoid valve is connected to the output end of the second pipeline system, the second end is connected to the input end of the first pipeline, and the third end is connected to the output end of the third pipeline; the first end of the second solenoid valve is connected to the input end of the second pipeline system, the second end is connected to the output end of the second pipeline, and the third end is connected to the input end of the third pipeline.

[0011] Further, the second pipeline system includes a fourth pipeline, a fifth pipeline, and a sixth pipeline disposed between the fourth pipeline and the fifth pipeline. The input end of the fourth pipeline is connected to the output end of the sixth pipeline, the output end of the fourth pipeline is connected to the first end of the first solenoid valve, the input end of the fifth pipeline is connected to the first end of the second solenoid valve, the output end of the fifth pipeline is connected to the input end of the sixth pipeline, and the low-temperature radiator is disposed on the sixth pipeline;

[0012] A seventh pipeline parallel to the sixth pipeline is provided between the fourth pipeline and the fifth pipeline. The input end of the seventh pipeline is connected to the output end of the fifth pipeline, and the output end of the seventh pipeline is connected to the input end of the fourth pipeline. The heat exchange unit is used to exchange heat with the coolant flowing through the fourth pipeline. A PTC heater is further provided on the first pipeline. The first pipeline, the second pipeline, the fourth pipeline, the fifth pipeline, the seventh pipeline, the heat exchange unit, and the first electronic water pump and the PTC heater provided on the first pipeline form a low-temperature heating circuit.

[0013] The switching mechanism further includes a third solenoid valve and a fourth solenoid valve. The first end of the third solenoid valve is connected to the output end of the sixth pipeline, the second end is connected to the third end of the fourth solenoid valve through the seventh pipeline, and the third end is connected to the first end of the first solenoid valve through the fourth pipeline. The first end of the fourth solenoid valve is connected to the input end of the sixth pipeline, and the second end is connected to the first end of the second solenoid valve through the fifth pipeline.

[0014] Furthermore, a heat dissipation circuit for dissipating heat from the heat exchange unit when cooling the battery unit in a high-temperature environment is further included.

[0015] The second pipeline system further includes an eighth pipeline parallel to the fourth pipeline provided between the first pipeline and the sixth pipeline and a ninth pipeline parallel to the fifth pipeline provided between the second pipeline and the sixth pipeline. The first solenoid valve further has a fourth end, and the third solenoid valve further has a fourth end. The input end of the eighth pipeline is connected to the fourth end of the first solenoid valve, and the output end of the eighth pipeline is connected to the fourth end of the third solenoid valve. A second electronic water pump is further provided on the ninth pipeline. The water inlet of the second electronic water pump is connected to the fourth end of the second solenoid valve through the input end of the ninth pipeline, and the water outlet of the second electronic water pump is connected to the input end of the sixth pipeline through the output end of the ninth pipeline.

[0016] The second pipeline system, the low-temperature radiator provided on the sixth pipeline, and the second electronic water pump provided on the ninth pipeline form the heat dissipation circuit.

[0017] Furthermore, a heating circuit for heating the heat exchange unit when heating the battery unit in a low-temperature environment is further included. The heating circuit is composed of the third pipeline, the fourth pipeline, the fifth pipeline, the sixth pipeline, the low-temperature radiator provided on the sixth pipeline, and the second electronic water pump provided on the ninth pipeline.

[0018] Furthermore, a cryogenic heating circuit for heating the battery unit in an ultra-low temperature environment and a self-circulation circuit for equalizing the temperature between battery modules in the battery unit are further included.

[0019] A PTC heater is also provided on the first pipeline system. The ultra-low temperature heating loop is composed of the first pipeline system, a first electronic water pump and a PTC heater provided on the first pipeline system; the self-circulation loop is composed of the first pipeline system and a first electronic water pump provided on the first pipeline system.

[0020] Further, the heat exchange unit includes an electric compressor, a water-cooled condenser, an electronic expansion valve and a heat exchanger; the refrigerant outlet of the electric compressor is connected to the refrigerant inlet of the water-cooled condenser, the refrigerant outlet of the water-cooled condenser is connected to the inlet of the electronic expansion valve, the outlet of the electronic expansion valve is connected to the refrigerant inlet of the heat exchanger, the refrigerant outlet of the heat exchanger is connected to the inlet of the electric compressor, the coolant inlet of the heat exchanger is connected to the input end of the third pipeline, and the coolant outlet is connected to the output end of the third pipeline so that the refrigerant exchanges heat with the coolant flowing through the third pipeline, and the coolant inlet of the water-cooled condenser is connected to the input end of the fourth pipeline, and the coolant outlet is connected to the output end of the fourth pipeline to heat the coolant flowing through the fourth pipeline.

[0021] Further, the switching mechanism further includes a fifth solenoid valve for switching the water inlet and outlet of the battery unit under the control of the controller. The fifth solenoid valve has a first end, a second end, a third end and a fourth end. The first end of the fifth solenoid valve is connected to the output end of the first pipeline, the second end of the fifth solenoid valve is connected to the first end of the battery unit, the third end of the fifth solenoid valve is connected to the first end of the battery unit, and the fourth end of the fifth solenoid valve is connected to the input end of the second pipeline;

[0022] When the controller controls the first end and the third end of the fifth solenoid valve to be connected and the second end and the fourth end to be connected, the second end of the battery unit is the water inlet and the first end of the battery unit is the water outlet; when the controller controls the first end and the second end of the fifth solenoid valve to be connected and the third end and the fourth end to be connected, the first end of the battery unit is the water inlet and the second end of the battery unit is the water outlet.

[0023] Further, the battery unit further includes a flow sensor for detecting the coolant flow rate flowing through each battery module and an electronic valve for controlling the coolant flow rate flowing through each battery module. Each battery module is connected in series with a flow sensor and an electronic valve.

[0024] The energy storage battery management system of the present utility model has at least the following beneficial effects: The present utility model makes full use of natural environmental conditions, improves the energy efficiency of the energy storage battery thermal management, cools the battery unit in a low-temperature environment by using a low-temperature radiator, and can directly exchange heat with the external environment. Compared with the traditional cooling method, the system energy consumption is reduced; different heating methods are selected to heat the battery unit according to the ambient temperature. When the ambient temperature is relatively low, the air-conditioning circuit and the PTC heater are combined to heat the battery unit. When the ambient temperature is very low, the heat energy efficiency ratio of heating the battery unit by using the air-conditioning circuit is less than 1. At this time, the PTC heater is used for heating, which significantly reduces the energy consumption and unnecessary power waste compared with the traditional method of always using the PTC heater for heating, thereby improving the energy efficiency ratio of the entire energy storage system; when the temperature difference between the water inlet and the water outlet of the battery unit reaches the set threshold, the electromagnetic four-way valve exchanges the water inlet and the water outlet of the battery unit to balance the temperature of the battery cores at the water inlet and the water outlet of the battery unit; the coolant flowing through the battery module is controlled by the electronic valve and the flow sensor to accurately control the temperature of each battery module, ensure the temperature uniformity among the battery modules, avoid the situation of too large temperature difference, and improve the overall performance of the energy storage battery. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] The drawings described herein are used to provide a further understanding of the present application, form a part of the present application, and the illustrative embodiments and descriptions thereof are used to explain the present application, and do not constitute an improper limitation of the present application. In the drawings:

[0026] Figure 1 It is a system block diagram of an embodiment of the energy storage battery management system of the present utility model.

[0027] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of an embodiment of the energy storage battery management system of the present utility model.

[0028] The meanings of the reference numerals in the drawings are as follows:

[0029] Controller 1; battery unit 2, battery module 21, flow sensor 22, electronic valve 23; high-temperature cooling circuit 3, first pipe 311, second pipe 312, third pipe 313, first electronic water pump 32, heat exchange unit 33, electric compressor 331, water-cooled condenser 332, electronic expansion valve 333, heat exchanger 334; low-temperature cooling circuit 4; low-temperature heating circuit 5, PTC heater 51, temperature sensor 52; heat dissipation circuit 6, low-temperature radiator 62, second electronic water pump 63, fourth pipe 611, fifth pipe 612, sixth pipe 613, seventh pipe 614, eighth pipe 615, ninth pipe 616; heating circuit 7; switching mechanism 8, first solenoid valve 81, second solenoid valve 82, third solenoid valve 83, fourth solenoid valve 84, fifth solenoid valve 85. Detailed implementation mode

[0030] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0031] Please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 The energy storage battery management system of the present invention includes a controller 1, a battery unit 2, a high-temperature cooling circuit 3, a low-temperature cooling circuit 4, a low-temperature heating circuit 5, a heat dissipation circuit 6, a heating circuit 7, and a switching mechanism 8. The output end of the high-temperature cooling circuit 3 is connected to the water inlet of the battery unit 2, and the input end is connected to the water outlet of the battery unit 2 for cooling the battery unit 2 in a high-temperature environment; the output end of the low-temperature cooling circuit 4 is connected to the water inlet of the battery unit 2, and the input end is connected to the water inlet of the battery unit 2 for cooling the battery unit 2 in a low-temperature environment; the output end of the low-temperature heating circuit 5 is connected to the water inlet of the battery unit 2, and the input end is connected to the water outlet of the battery unit 2 for heating the battery unit 2 in a low-temperature environment; the heat dissipation circuit 6 is used to dissipate heat from the high-temperature cooling circuit 3 when cooling the battery unit 2 in a high-temperature environment; the heating circuit 7 is used to heat the low-temperature heating circuit 5 when heating the battery unit 2 in a low-temperature environment; the controller 1 is used to control the state of the switching mechanism 8 according to the ambient temperature and the temperature of the battery unit 2; the switching mechanism 8 is used to switch each circuit under the control of the controller 1. The output ends of the high-temperature cooling circuit 3, the low-temperature cooling circuit 4, and the low-temperature heating circuit 5 are the same, and the input ends of the high-temperature cooling circuit 3, the low-temperature cooling circuit 4, and the low-temperature heating circuit 5 are the same.

[0032] The controller 1 is used to determine the loop to be switched to at this time according to the detected ambient temperature and the temperature of the battery unit 2, and control the switching mechanism 8 to perform the switching. In this embodiment, the temperature of the battery unit 2 refers to the temperature of the battery cells in the battery module 21. Specifically, the controller 1 determines whether to heat or cool the battery unit 2 according to the temperature of the battery unit 2 detected at this time. When the temperature of the battery unit 2 is greater than the set first threshold, it is determined that the battery unit 2 needs to be cooled at this time; otherwise, the battery unit 2 needs to be heated. When the battery unit 2 needs to be cooled, it is further determined whether to cool the battery unit 2 in a low-temperature environment or in a high-temperature environment according to the ambient temperature. If the ambient temperature at this time is sufficient to reduce the temperature of the battery unit 2 to the set first threshold, then the battery unit 2 is cooled in a low-temperature environment; otherwise, the battery unit 2 is cooled in a high-temperature environment. When the battery unit 2 needs to be heated, it is heated in a low-temperature environment.

[0033] The switching mechanism 8 includes a first solenoid valve 81, a second solenoid valve 82, a third solenoid valve 83, a fourth solenoid valve 84, and a fifth solenoid valve 85 that are respectively electrically connected to the controller 1. The first solenoid valve 81 and the second solenoid valve 82 act together to switch the high-temperature cooling loop 3. The first solenoid valve 81, the second solenoid valve 82, the third solenoid valve 83, and the fourth solenoid valve 84 act together to switch the low-temperature cooling loop 4, the low-temperature heating loop 5, the heat dissipation loop 6, and the heating loop 7. The fifth solenoid valve 85 is used to switch the water inlet and outlet of the battery unit 2. Since there is a temperature difference between the coolant at the water inlet and outlet of the battery unit 2, after running for a period of time, the temperature difference between the battery cells at the water inlet and outlet of the battery unit 2 will become larger, thus affecting the performance and life of the entire battery unit 2. Therefore, the fifth solenoid valve 85 is used to switch the water inlet and outlet of the battery unit 2 to balance the temperature of the battery cells. In this embodiment, the first solenoid valve 81, the second solenoid valve 82, the third solenoid valve 83, and the fifth solenoid valve 85 are all electromagnetic four-way valves, and the third solenoid valve 83 is an electromagnetic three-way valve.

[0034] The high-temperature cooling circuit 3 is used to cool the battery cells 2 in a high-temperature environment, and includes a first pipeline system, a first electronic water pump 32 provided on the first pipeline system, and a heat exchange unit 33 for exchanging heat of the coolant in the first pipeline system. The input end of the first pipeline system serves as the input end of the high-temperature cooling circuit 3 and is connected to the water outlet of the battery cells 2, and the output end of the first pipeline system serves as the output end of the high-temperature cooling circuit 3 and is connected to the water inlet of the battery cells 2. The first pipeline system includes a first pipe 311, a second pipe 312, and a third pipe 313 provided between the first pipe 311 and the second pipe 312. The output end of the first pipe 311 serves as the output end of the first pipeline system and is connected to the water inlet of the battery cells 2, and the input end of the first pipe 311 is connected to the second end of the first solenoid valve 81; the input end of the second pipe 312 serves as the input end of the first pipeline system and is connected to the water outlet of the battery cells 2, and the output end of the second pipe 312 is connected to the second end of the second solenoid valve 82; the input end of the third pipe 313 is connected to the third end of the second solenoid valve 82, and the output end of the third pipe 313 is connected to the third end of the first solenoid valve 81. A first electronic water pump 32 is provided on the first pipe 311. The water outlet of the first electronic water pump 32 is connected to the water inlet of the battery cells 2 through the output end of the first pipe 311, and the water inlet of the first electronic water pump 32 is connected to the second end of the first solenoid valve 81 through the input end of the first pipe 311; a PTC heater 51 is also provided on the first pipe 311. When the high-temperature cooling circuit 3 is working, the PTC heater 51 does not work.

[0035] In order to switch the water inlet and water outlet of the battery cells 2, both the first pipe 311 and the battery cells 2, and the second pipe 312 and the battery cells 2 are connected through a fifth solenoid valve 85. The first end of the fifth solenoid valve 85 is connected to the output end of the first pipe 311, the second end of the fifth solenoid valve 85 is connected to the first end of the battery cells 2, the third end of the fifth solenoid valve 85 is connected to the first end of the battery cells 2, and the fourth end of the fifth solenoid valve 85 is connected to the input end of the second pipe 312; when the controller 1 controls the first end and the third end of the fifth solenoid valve 85 to be connected, and the second end and the fourth end to be connected, the second end of the battery cells 2 is the water inlet, and the first end of the battery cells 2 is the water outlet; when the controller 1 controls the first end and the second end of the fifth solenoid valve 85 to be connected, and the third end and the fourth end to be connected, the first end of the battery cells 2 is the water inlet, and the second end of the battery cells 2 is the water outlet.

[0036] The heat exchange unit 33 is used to exchange heat with the coolant flowing through the third pipeline 313. In this embodiment, the heat exchange unit 33 adopts an air-conditioning circuit. The heat exchange unit 33 includes an electric compressor 331, a water-cooled condenser 332, an electronic expansion valve 333, and a heat exchanger 334. The refrigerant outlet of the electric compressor 331 is connected to the refrigerant inlet of the water-cooled condenser 332. The refrigerant outlet of the water-cooled condenser 332 is connected to the inlet of the electronic expansion valve 333. The outlet of the electronic expansion valve 333 is connected to the refrigerant inlet of the heat exchanger 334. The refrigerant outlet of the heat exchanger 334 is connected to the inlet of the electric compressor 331. The coolant inlet of the heat exchanger 334 is connected to the input end of the third pipeline 313, and the coolant outlet is connected to the output end of the third pipeline 313 so that the refrigerant exchanges heat with the coolant flowing through the third pipeline 313. In this embodiment, the heat exchanger 334 is a plate heat exchanger 334.

[0037] The heat dissipation circuit 6 is used to dissipate heat from the heat exchange unit 33 in the high-temperature cooling circuit 3 when cooling the battery unit 2 in a high-temperature environment, and includes a second pipeline system, a low-temperature radiator 62 provided on the second pipeline system, and a second electronic water pump 63. The second pipeline system includes a fourth pipeline 611, a fifth pipeline 612, a sixth pipeline 613, a seventh pipeline 614, an eighth pipeline 615, and a ninth pipeline 616. The output end of the fourth pipeline 611 is connected to the third end of the first solenoid valve 81, and the input end of the fourth pipeline 611 is connected to the third end of the third solenoid valve 83. The input end of the fourth pipeline 611 is also connected to the coolant inlet of the water-cooled condenser 332, and the output end of the fourth pipeline 611 is also connected to the coolant outlet of the water-cooled condenser 332 to heat the coolant flowing through the fourth pipeline 611 by using the heat exchange unit 33; the input end of the fifth pipeline 612 is connected to the first end of the first solenoid valve 81, and the output end of the fifth pipeline 612 is connected to the second end of the fourth solenoid valve 84; the input end of the sixth pipeline 613 is connected to the first end of the fourth solenoid valve 84, and the output end of the sixth pipeline 613 is connected to the first end of the third solenoid valve 83. The low-temperature radiator 62 is provided on the sixth pipeline 613; the input end of the seventh pipeline 614 is connected to the second end of the third solenoid valve 83, and the output end of the seventh pipeline 614 is connected to the third end of the fourth solenoid valve 84; the input end of the eighth pipeline 615 is connected to the first end of the first solenoid valve 81, and the output end of the eighth pipeline 615 is connected to the fourth end of the third solenoid valve 83; the input end of the ninth pipeline 616 is connected to the fourth end of the second solenoid valve 82, and the output end of the ninth pipeline 616 is connected to the input end of the sixth pipeline 613. The second electronic water pump 63 is provided on the ninth pipeline 616. The water inlet of the second electronic water pump 63 is connected to the fourth end of the second solenoid valve 82 through the input end of the ninth pipeline 616, and the water outlet of the second electronic water pump 63 is connected to the input end of the sixth pipeline 613 through the output end of the ninth pipeline 616. When the high-temperature cooling circuit 3 cools the battery unit 2, after the refrigerant in the heat exchange unit 33 exchanges heat with the coolant in the third pipeline 313, the heat of the battery unit 2 is transferred to the heat exchange unit 33 through the coolant. At this time, the heat dissipation circuit 6 dissipates heat from the heat exchange unit 33 to maintain the normal operation of the heat exchange unit 33.

[0038] The low-temperature cooling circuit 4 is used to cool the battery unit 2 in a low-temperature environment. The low-temperature cooling circuit 4 includes a first pipeline 311, a second pipeline 312, a fourth pipeline 611, a fifth pipeline 612, a sixth pipeline 613, a first electronic water pump 32 provided on the first pipeline 311, and a low-temperature radiator 62 provided on the sixth pipeline 613.

[0039] The low-temperature heating circuit 5 is used to heat the battery cells 2 in a low-temperature environment. The low-temperature heating circuit 5 includes a first pipeline 311, a second pipeline 312, a fourth pipeline 611, a fifth pipeline 612, a seventh pipeline 614, a heat exchange unit 33, a first electronic water pump 32 and a PTC heater 51 provided on the first pipeline 311; a temperature sensor 52 is further provided between the PTC heater 51 and the fifth solenoid valve 85 for monitoring the temperature of the coolant in the low-temperature heating circuit 5. When the heat exchange unit 33 fails to heat the coolant to the required temperature, the controller 1 controls the start of the PTC heater 51 to further heat the coolant in the circuit, and at the same time, the working power of the PTC heater 51 can be accurately controlled according to the real-time coolant temperature. In the present embodiment, the temperature required for the coolant is determined according to the real-time temperature of the battery cells 2 and the set target temperature after heating of the battery cells 2.

[0040] The heating circuit 7 is used to heat the heat exchange unit 33 in the low-temperature heating circuit 5 when heating the battery cells 2 in a low-temperature environment. The heating circuit 7 includes a third pipeline 313, a fourth pipeline 611, a fifth pipeline 612, a sixth pipeline 613, a low-temperature radiator 62 provided on the sixth pipeline 613, and a second electronic water pump 63 provided on the ninth pipeline 616. When the low-temperature heating circuit 5 heats the battery cells 2, after the refrigerant in the heat exchange unit 33 exchanges heat with the coolant in the fourth pipeline 611, the heat of the heat exchange unit 33 is transferred to the battery cells 2 through the coolant. At this time, the heating circuit 7 heats the heat exchange unit 33 to maintain the normal operation of the heat exchange unit 33.

[0041] In order to improve energy efficiency, as a preferred embodiment, a super-low-temperature heating circuit for heating the battery cells 2 in a super-low-temperature environment is further provided. The super-low-temperature heating circuit includes a first pipeline 311, a second pipeline 312, a third pipeline 313, a first electronic water pump 32 provided on the first pipeline 311, and a PTC heater 51. A second threshold is set according to the actual situation. When the ambient temperature is greater than the second threshold, the heat energy efficiency ratio when using the heat exchange unit 33 to heat the battery cells 2 is greater than 1. In order to improve energy efficiency, the low-temperature heating circuit 5 is switched to heat the battery cells 2, and the energy efficiency ratio is higher than that of the traditional single heating of the PTC heater 51; when the ambient temperature is less than or equal to the second threshold, the heat energy efficiency ratio when using the heat exchange unit 33 to heat the battery cells 2 is less than 1. In order to improve energy efficiency, the super-low-temperature heating circuit is switched to heat the battery cells 2. In the present embodiment, the second threshold is set to -25 °C.

[0042] In order to balance the temperatures among the battery modules 21 in the battery unit 2, as a preferred implementation manner, a self-circulation loop for balancing the temperatures among the battery modules 21 in the battery unit 2 is further provided. The self-circulation loop includes a first pipeline 311, a second pipeline 312, a third pipeline 313, and a first electronic water pump 32 disposed on the first pipeline 311. When the battery unit 2 does not require heating and cooling but the temperature difference among the battery modules 21 is greater than a set third threshold value, it is switched to the self-circulation mode to balance the temperatures of the battery modules 21 in the battery unit 2.

[0043] The battery unit 2 includes a plurality of battery modules 21, a flow sensor 22 for detecting the coolant flow rate flowing through each battery module 21, and an electronic valve 23 for controlling the coolant flow rate flowing through each battery module 21. Each battery module 21 is connected in series with a flow sensor 22 and an electronic valve 23. The controller 1 is further configured to control the opening degree of the electronic valve 23 according to the coolant flow rate detected by the flow sensor 22 and the real-time temperature of the battery module 21 to adjust the coolant flow rate flowing through the battery module 21, thereby precisely controlling the temperatures of the battery modules 21.

[0044] The working principle of the energy storage battery management system of the present utility model is as follows:

[0045] The controller 1 determines the circuit to be switched according to the ambient temperature and the temperature of the battery cell 2. When the battery temperature is greater than the first threshold and the ambient temperature is sufficient to reduce the temperature of the battery cell 2 to the first threshold, the controller 1 controls the second end and the third end of the first solenoid valve 81 to be connected, the second end and the third end of the second solenoid valve 82 to be connected, and controls the heat exchange unit 33 to work to switch to the high-temperature cooling circuit 3 to cool the battery cell 2; at the same time, the controller 1 also controls the first end and the third end of the third solenoid valve 83 to be connected, the first end and the fourth end of the first solenoid valve 81 to be connected, the fourth end and the second end of the third solenoid valve 83 to be connected, the second end and the third end of the fourth solenoid valve 84 to be connected, the first end and the fourth end of the second solenoid valve 82 to be connected, and controls the low-temperature radiator 62 to work to switch to the heat dissipation circuit 6 to dissipate heat from the heat exchange unit 33; when the battery temperature is greater than the first threshold and the ambient temperature is not sufficient to reduce the temperature of the battery cell 2 to the first threshold, the controller 1 controls the first end and the second end of the first solenoid valve 81 to be connected, the first end and the second end of the second solenoid valve 82 to be connected, the first end and the third end of the third solenoid valve 83 to be connected, the first end and the second end of the fourth solenoid valve 84 to be connected, and at the same time controls the low-temperature radiator 62 to work and controls the heat exchange unit 33 to stop working to switch to the low-temperature cooling circuit 4 to cool the battery cell 2; when the temperature of the battery cell 2 is less than or equal to the first threshold and the ambient temperature is greater than the second threshold, the controller 1 controls the first end and the second end of the first solenoid valve 81 to be connected, the first end and the second end of the second solenoid valve 82 to be connected, the first end and the third end of the third solenoid valve 83 to be connected, the second end and the third end of the fourth solenoid valve 84 to be connected, controls the heat exchange unit 33 to work and controls the PTC heater 51 to work according to actual needs to switch to the low-temperature heating circuit 5 to heat the battery cell 2; at the same time, the controller 1 also controls the first end and the third end of the first solenoid valve 81 to be connected, the first end and the third end of the second solenoid valve 82 to be connected, the first end and the third end of the third solenoid valve 83 to be connected, the first end and the second end of the fourth solenoid valve 84 to be connected, and controls the low-temperature radiator 62 to work to switch to the heating circuit 7 to heat the heat exchange unit 33; when the temperature of the battery cell 2 is greater than the first threshold and the ambient temperature is less than or equal to the second threshold, the controller 1 controls the second end and the third end of the first solenoid valve 81 to be connected, the second end and the third end of the second solenoid valve 82 to be connected, controls the heat exchange unit 33 to stop working and controls the PTC heater 51 to work to switch to the ultra-low-temperature heating circuit to heat the battery cell 2; when the battery cell 2 does not need heating and cooling but the temperature difference between the battery modules 21 is greater than the set third threshold, the controller 1 controls the second end and the third end of the first solenoid valve 81 to be connected, the second end and the third end of the second solenoid valve 82 to be connected, controls the heat exchange unit 33 to stop working and controls the PTC heater 51 to stop working to switch to the self-circulation circuit to balance the temperature between the battery modules 21 in the battery cell 2.

[0046] The utility model makes full use of natural environmental conditions, improves the energy efficiency of the thermal management of energy storage batteries. By using a low-temperature radiator to cool battery cells in a low-temperature environment, it can directly exchange heat with the external environment, reducing the system energy consumption compared with traditional cooling methods; different heating methods are selected to heat battery cells according to the ambient temperature. When the ambient temperature is relatively low, the air-conditioning circuit and the PTC heater are combined to heat the battery cells. When the ambient temperature is very low, the heat energy efficiency ratio of heating the battery cells using the air-conditioning circuit is less than 1. At this time, the PTC heater is used for heating, which significantly reduces the energy consumption and unnecessary power waste compared with the traditional method of always using the PTC heater for heating, thus improving the energy efficiency ratio of the entire energy storage system; when the temperature difference between the water inlet and the water outlet of the battery cell reaches the set threshold, the electromagnetic four-way valve exchanges the water inlet and the water outlet of the battery cell to balance the temperature of the battery cores at the water inlet and the water outlet of the battery cell; the coolant flowing through the battery module is controlled by an electronic valve and a flow sensor to precisely control the temperature of each battery module, ensure the temperature uniformity among battery modules, avoid the situation of excessive temperature difference, and improve the overall performance of the energy storage battery.

Claims

1. A energy storage battery management system for improving energy efficiency by using ambient temperature, comprising a controller and a battery unit having a plurality of battery modules, characterized in that : It further includes a switching mechanism electrically connected to the controller, a high-temperature cooling circuit for cooling the battery cells in a high-temperature environment, a low-temperature cooling circuit for cooling the battery cells in a low-temperature environment, and a low-temperature heating circuit for heating the battery cells in a low-temperature environment, which are respectively connected to the switching mechanism; the output end of the high-temperature cooling circuit is connected to the water inlet of the battery cells, the input end is connected to the water outlet of the battery cells, the output end of the low-temperature cooling circuit is connected to the water inlet of the battery cells, the input end is connected to the water inlet of the battery cells, and the output end of the low-temperature heating circuit is connected to the water inlet of the battery cells, the input end is connected to the water outlet of the battery cells.

2. The energy storage battery management system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The high-temperature cooling circuit includes a first pipeline system, a first electronic water pump provided on the first pipeline system, and a heat exchange unit for exchanging heat of the cooling liquid in the first pipeline system; the water inlet of the first electronic water pump is connected to the water outlet of the battery cells through the input end of the first pipeline system, and the water outlet of the first electronic water pump is connected to the water inlet of the battery cells through the output end of the first pipeline system.

3. The energy storage battery management system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first pipeline system includes a first pipeline, a second pipeline, and a third pipeline provided between the first pipeline and the second pipeline; the input end of the first pipeline is connected to the output end of the third pipeline, and the output end of the first pipeline is connected to the water inlet of the battery cells; the input end of the second pipeline is connected to the water outlet of the battery cells, and the output end of the second pipeline is connected to the input end of the third pipeline; the first electronic water pump is provided on the first pipeline, and the heat exchange unit is used for exchanging heat of the cooling liquid flowing through the third pipeline; A second pipeline system is further provided between the first pipeline and the second pipeline. The input end of the second pipeline system is connected to the output end of the second pipeline, and the output end of the second pipeline system is connected to the input end of the first pipeline. A low-temperature radiator is provided on the second pipeline system. The first pipeline, the second pipeline, the second pipeline system, the first electronic water pump provided on the first pipeline, and the low-temperature radiator provided on the second pipeline system constitute a low-temperature cooling circuit; The switching mechanism includes a first solenoid valve and a second solenoid valve. The first end of the first solenoid valve is connected to the output end of the second pipeline system, the second end is connected to the input end of the first pipeline, and the third end is connected to the output end of the third pipeline; the first end of the second solenoid valve is connected to the input end of the second pipeline system, the second end is connected to the output end of the second pipeline, and the third end is connected to the input end of the third pipeline.

4. The energy storage battery management system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The second pipeline system includes a fourth pipeline, a fifth pipeline, and a sixth pipeline disposed between the fourth pipeline and the fifth pipeline. The input end of the fourth pipeline is connected to the output end of the sixth pipeline, the output end of the fourth pipeline is connected to the first end of the first solenoid valve, the input end of the fifth pipeline is connected to the first end of the second solenoid valve, the output end of the fifth pipeline is connected to the input end of the sixth pipeline, and the low-temperature radiator is disposed on the sixth pipeline; A seventh pipeline parallel to the sixth pipeline is provided between the fourth pipeline and the fifth pipeline. The input end of the seventh pipeline is connected to the output end of the fifth pipeline, and the output end of the seventh pipeline is connected to the input end of the fourth pipeline. The heat exchange unit is configured to exchange heat with the coolant flowing through the fourth pipeline; A PTC heater is further provided on the first pipeline. The first pipeline, the second pipeline, the fourth pipeline, the fifth pipeline, the seventh pipeline, the heat exchange unit, and the first electronic water pump and the PTC heater disposed on the first pipeline form a low-temperature heating circuit; The switching mechanism further includes a third solenoid valve and a fourth solenoid valve. The first end of the third solenoid valve is connected to the output end of the sixth pipeline, the second end is connected to the third end of the fourth solenoid valve through the seventh pipeline, and the third end is connected to the first end of the first solenoid valve through the fourth pipeline; The first end of the fourth solenoid valve is connected to the input end of the sixth pipeline, and the second end is connected to the first end of the second solenoid valve through the fifth pipeline.

5. The energy storage battery management system according to claim 4, characterized in that: It further includes a heat dissipation circuit for dissipating heat from the heat exchange unit when cooling the battery unit in a high-temperature environment; The second pipeline system further includes an eighth pipeline parallel to the fourth pipeline disposed between the first pipeline and the sixth pipeline and a ninth pipeline parallel to the fifth pipeline disposed between the second pipeline and the sixth pipeline. The first solenoid valve further has a fourth end, and the third solenoid valve further has a fourth end. The input end of the eighth pipeline is connected to the fourth end of the first solenoid valve, and the output end of the eighth pipeline is connected to the fourth end of the third solenoid valve; A second electronic water pump is further provided on the ninth pipeline. The water inlet of the second electronic water pump is connected to the fourth end of the second solenoid valve through the input end of the ninth pipeline, and the water outlet of the second electronic water pump is connected to the input end of the sixth pipeline through the output end of the ninth pipeline; The second pipeline system, the low-temperature radiator disposed on the sixth pipeline, and the second electronic water pump disposed on the ninth pipeline form the heat dissipation circuit.

6. The energy storage battery management system according to claim 5, wherein: It further includes a heating circuit for heating the heat exchange unit when heating the battery unit in a low-temperature environment. The heating circuit is composed of the third pipeline, the fourth pipeline, the fifth pipeline, the sixth pipeline, the low-temperature radiator disposed on the sixth pipeline, and the second electronic water pump disposed on the ninth pipeline.

7. The energy storage battery management system according to claim 2, characterized in that: It further includes an ultra-low-temperature heating circuit for heating the battery unit in an ultra-low-temperature environment and a self-circulation circuit for equalizing the temperatures between the battery modules in the battery unit; A PTC heater is also provided on the first pipeline system. The ultra-low temperature heating circuit is composed of the first pipeline system, the first electronic water pump and the PTC heater provided on the first pipeline system; the self-circulation circuit is composed of the first pipeline system and the first electronic water pump provided on the first pipeline system.

8. The energy storage battery management system according to claim 6, wherein: The heat exchange unit includes an electric compressor, a water-cooled condenser, an electronic expansion valve and a heat exchanger; the refrigerant outlet of the electric compressor is connected to the refrigerant inlet of the water-cooled condenser, the refrigerant outlet of the water-cooled condenser is connected to the inlet of the electronic expansion valve, the outlet of the electronic expansion valve is connected to the refrigerant inlet of the heat exchanger, the refrigerant outlet of the heat exchanger is connected to the inlet of the electric compressor, the coolant inlet of the heat exchanger is connected to the input end of the third pipeline, and the coolant outlet is connected to the output end of the third pipeline so that the refrigerant exchanges heat with the coolant flowing through the third pipeline. The coolant inlet of the water-cooled condenser is connected to the input end of the fourth pipeline, and the coolant outlet is connected to the output end of the fourth pipeline to heat the coolant flowing through the fourth pipeline.

9. The energy storage battery management system according to claim 3, wherein: The switching mechanism further includes a fifth solenoid valve for switching the water inlet and outlet of the battery unit under the control of the controller. The fifth solenoid valve has a first end, a second end, a third end and a fourth end. The first end of the fifth solenoid valve is connected to the output end of the first pipeline, the second end of the fifth solenoid valve is connected to the first end of the battery unit, the third end of the fifth solenoid valve is connected to the first end of the battery unit, and the fourth end of the fifth solenoid valve is connected to the input end of the second pipeline; When the controller controls the first end and the third end of the fifth solenoid valve to be connected and the second end and the fourth end to be connected, the second end of the battery unit is the water inlet and the first end of the battery unit is the water outlet; when the controller controls the first end and the second end of the fifth solenoid valve to be connected and the third end and the fourth end to be connected, the first end of the battery unit is the water inlet and the second end of the battery unit is the water outlet.

10. The energy storage battery management system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The battery unit further includes a flow sensor for detecting the coolant flow rate flowing through each battery module and an electronic valve for controlling the coolant flow rate flowing through each battery module. Each battery module is connected in series with a flow sensor and an electronic valve.

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