Pipe fitting for treatment instrument and treatment instrument

Abstract

The embodiment of the utility model provides a pipe fitting for a treatment instrument and the treatment instrument. The pipe fitting of the treatment instrument comprises an assembly channel penetrating from the near end to the far end of the pipe fitting, and the far end of the assembly channel comprises an assembly opening allowing a surgical instrument to stretch out; the fluid channel penetrates from the near end to the far end of the pipe fitting, and the fluid channel comprises a flow channel body and a fluid outlet from the near end to the far end.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This specification relates to the field of medical devices, and particularly to a pipe fitting for a treatment instrument and a treatment instrument. Background Art

[0002] Endoscopic treatment instruments are widely used in the medical field for clinical operations such as marking, injecting, and excising biological tissues. However, traditional endoscopic treatment instruments still have some deficiencies when used for liquid injection operations for submucosal bulges. For example, liquid scattering or insufficient injection force makes it difficult for the liquid injection flow rate to meet clinical needs, resulting in an unsatisfactory mucosal bulge effect and affecting subsequent incision and dissection operations. Therefore, how to effectively achieve submucosal bulge operations has become a technical problem that urgently needs to be solved at present. Summary of the Utility Model

[0003] One or more embodiments of this specification provide a pipe fitting for a treatment instrument, including: an assembly channel that penetrates from the proximal end to the distal end of the pipe fitting, and the distal end of the assembly channel includes an assembly port that allows a surgical instrument to extend out; a fluid channel that penetrates from the proximal end to the distal end of the pipe fitting, and the fluid channel includes a channel main body and a fluid outlet from the proximal end to the distal end, and the effective area of the fluid outlet is smaller than the effective cross-sectional area of the channel main body.

[0004] In some embodiments, the effective cross-sectional area of the fluid channel decreases at least partially according to a second preset functional relationship from the proximal end to the distal end.

[0005] In some embodiments, the effective cross-sectional area of the fluid channel decreases at least partially in a stepped manner, or / and at least partially in a stepless manner, from the proximal end to the distal end.

[0006] In some embodiments, the fluid channel further includes a transition channel, the transition channel is arranged between the channel main body and the fluid outlet, and the effective cross-sectional area of the transition channel decreases at least partially according to a first preset functional relationship from the proximal end to the distal end.

[0007] In some embodiments, the fluid channel further includes a transition channel, the transition channel is arranged between the channel main body and the fluid outlet, and the effective cross-sectional area of the transition channel decreases at least partially in a stepped manner, or / and at least partially in a stepless manner, from the proximal end to the distal end.

[0008] In some embodiments, the fluid channel further includes a transition channel, the transition channel is arranged between the channel main body and the fluid outlet, and the effective cross-sectional area of the transition channel is at least partially constant from the proximal end to the distal end.

[0009] In some embodiments, the ratio of the effective cross-sectional area of the flow channel body to the effective area of the fluid outlet ranges from 4 to 8.

[0010] In some embodiments, the distal end of the pipe fitting is a flush surface, and the fluid outlet and the assembly port are coplanar.

[0011] In some embodiments, both the assembly port and the fluid outlet are eccentrically arranged relative to the central axis of the pipe fitting; or, one of the assembly port and the fluid outlet is located on the central axis of the pipe fitting, and the other is eccentrically arranged relative to the central axis of the pipe fitting.

[0012] In some embodiments, along the axial direction of the pipe fitting, there is a first preset distance between the fluid outlet and the assembly port, and the fluid outlet is arranged closer to the distal end relative to the assembly port; the first preset distance is configured such that the difference from the axial dimension of the tip structure of the surgical instrument is within a preset difference range.

[0013] In some embodiments, the preset difference range is 0 to 0.05 mm.

[0014] In some embodiments, a boss is provided on the distal surface of the pipe fitting, and the fluid outlet is provided on the boss; or, a groove is provided on the distal surface of the pipe fitting, and the groove is configured to at least partially accommodate the tip structure of the surgical instrument, and the assembly port is provided in the groove.

[0015] In some embodiments, the range of the first preset distance is 0.30 mm to 0.35 mm.

[0016] In some embodiments, along the radial direction of the pipe fitting, there is a second preset distance between the fluid outlet and the assembly port, and the second preset distance is configured to be greater than or equal to the characteristic dimension of the tip structure of the surgical instrument; the characteristic dimension is the dimension of the part of the tip structure that protrudes radially from the assembly port and is located between the fluid outlet and the assembly port.

[0017] In some embodiments, the range of the second preset distance is 0.20 mm to 0.30 mm.

[0018] In some embodiments, along the radial direction of the pipe fitting, there is a second preset distance between the fluid outlet and the assembly port, and the second preset distance is configured to be less than the characteristic dimension of the tip structure of the surgical instrument; the characteristic dimension is the dimension of the part of the tip structure that protrudes radially from the assembly port and is located between the fluid outlet and the assembly port.

[0019] In some embodiments, the range of the second preset distance is less than 0.20 mm.

[0020] In some embodiments, the fluid channel further includes a transition channel, which is disposed between the channel body and the fluid outlet, and the transition channel includes a guide surface, which is configured to make the injection path of the fluid outlet parallel to the axis of the assembly port.

[0021] In some embodiments, the fluid channel also includes a transition channel, which is arranged between the channel body and the fluid outlet, and the transition channel includes a proximal section and a distal section. The effective cross-sectional area of the proximal section decreases from the proximal end to the distal end according to a third preset functional relationship, and the effective cross-sectional area of the distal section remains constant from the proximal end to the distal end or increases according to a fourth preset functional relationship.

[0022] In some embodiments, the transition channel includes a guide slope, which is configured to make the injection path of the fluid outlet form an intersection with the axis of the assembly port, and the intersection is located outside the assembly port and the distance between the intersection and the assembly port is configured to be within a preset range.

[0023] In some embodiments, the flow channel body has a circular segment cross section, and the assembly channel is located on a chordal side or a concave side of the circular segment cross section.

[0024] In some embodiments, an intermediate wall is included between the assembly channel and the flow channel body, at least a portion of the intermediate wall forms a groove, the groove extends in the proximal to distal direction of the pipe fitting, the proximal end of the groove is located at the proximal end of the pipe fitting, and the distal end of the groove has a third preset distance from the distal end of the pipe fitting; and / or the wall thickness of the intermediate wall is less than the wall thickness of the pipe fitting.

[0025] One or more embodiments of the present specification also provide a treatment instrument, which includes a sheath and a tube for the treatment instrument as described in any of the above embodiments, wherein the tube is arranged at the distal end of the sheath; the sheath includes a channel, the channel includes a fluid chamber, the distal end of the fluid chamber is connected to the proximal end of the fluid channel of the tube, and the effective cross-sectional area of the fluid chamber is greater than or equal to the effective cross-sectional area of the flow channel body of the tube.

[0026] In some embodiments, the sheath tube also includes an assembly chamber, the tube is built into the assembly chamber, the proximal end of the fluid channel includes a fluid inlet, and the fluid inlet is connected to the fluid chamber; the distal end of the fluid chamber is matched with the proximal interface of the assembly chamber, and the assembly chamber at least partially accommodates the tube, or the distal end of the fluid chamber is matched with the fluid inlet interface.

[0027] In some embodiments, the ratio range of the effective cross-sectional area of the fluid chamber to the effective cross-sectional area of the main channel body is 1 to 3; and / or, the ratio range of the effective cross-sectional area of the fluid chamber to the effective area of the fluid outlet of the pipe fitting is 9 to 20.

[0028] In some embodiments, at least a part of the pipe fitting is accommodated in the channel of the sheath tube, and the end face of the distal end of the pipe fitting protrudes from the end face of the distal end of the sheath tube, or the end face of the distal end of the pipe fitting is flush with the end face of the distal end of the sheath tube, or the end face of the distal end of the pipe fitting is recessed from the end face of the distal end of the sheath tube.

[0029] In some embodiments, a connecting portion is provided on the outer surface of the sheath tube, and at least a part of the projection of the connecting portion and the pipe fitting in the radial direction overlaps to form a connecting area, and the connecting portion is fastened to the outer surface of the sheath tube to abut against the sheath tube and the pipe fitting.

[0030] In some embodiments, the connecting portion is fastened to the outer surface of the sheath tube by rotary swaging.

[0031] In some embodiments, the connecting portion is a first electrode.

[0032] In some embodiments, the treatment device includes a second electrode, and the connecting portion and the second electrode form a bipolar pair.

[0033] In some embodiments, the treatment device further includes a surgical instrument, the surgical instrument includes a tip structure, the surgical instrument is slidably disposed in the assembly channel of the pipe fitting, and the projection of the tip structure in the axial direction is located on the distal surface of the pipe fitting, and the projection forms a gap or is adjacent to the fluid outlet.

[0034] In some embodiments, the treatment device further includes a surgical instrument, the surgical instrument includes a tip structure, the surgical instrument is slidably disposed in the assembly channel of the pipe fitting, and at least a part of the projection of the surgical instrument in the axial direction overlaps with the fluid outlet to form an overlapping area.

[0035] In some embodiments, the ratio range of the overlapping area to the effective area of the fluid outlet is 0.02 to 0.4.

[0036] In some embodiments, the treatment device further includes a surgical instrument, the surgical instrument is slidably disposed in the assembly channel of the pipe fitting, and the pipe fitting is configured such that the surgical instrument is located on the central axis of the sheath tube, or the pipe fitting is configured such that the surgical instrument is eccentrically disposed relative to the central axis of the sheath tube.

[0037] In some embodiments, the treatment device further includes an operating handle, an operating wire, and a connecting member. The operating handle is disposed at the proximal end of the sheath tube. The proximal end of the operating wire is connected to the operating handle, and the distal end is connected to the connecting member. The proximal end of the surgical instrument is fixed to the connecting member. The surgical instrument is of a solid structure or includes a fluid passage. When the surgical instrument includes the fluid passage, the fluid passage extends through the surgical instrument from the proximal end to the distal end. The connecting member is provided with a through hole that communicates the fluid chamber and the fluid passage.

[0038] In some embodiments, the treatment device further includes a filling port. The filling port is disposed at the proximal end of the sheath tube and is used to connect to a pressure device. The filling port is configured to be able to transfer pressurized fluid within a pressure range of 250 kPa to 750 kPa from the pressure device.

[0039] By respectively forming an assembly port and a fluid outlet on the pipe fitting, and the effective area of the fluid outlet of the fluid passage of the pipe fitting is smaller than the effective cross-sectional area of the flow channel body, the injection impact force and the water injection flow rate of the fluid outlet can be increased, so that the injected fluid forms a concentrated and directional jet, thereby improving the bulging effect on the target object (such as mucosa) and increasing the success rate of the operation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0040] This specification will further illustrate by way of exemplary embodiments, and these exemplary embodiments will be described in detail through the drawings. These embodiments are not restrictive. In these embodiments, the same numbers represent the same structures, where:

[0041] Figure 1 is an exemplary structural diagram of a treatment device according to some embodiments of this specification;

[0042] Figure 2A is an exemplary structure of a pipe fitting of a treatment device according to some embodiments of this specification Figure 1 ;

[0043] Figure 2B is an exemplary structural diagram 2 of a pipe fitting of a treatment device according to some other embodiments of this specification;

[0044] Figure 3 is an exemplary structure of a pipe fitting of a treatment device according to some embodiments of this specification Figure 3 ;

[0045] Figure 4 is an axial cross-section of a pipe fitting of a treatment device according to some embodiments of this specification Figure 1 ;

[0046] Figure 5is an axial sectional view 2 of the pipe fitting of the treatment instrument shown in some other embodiments of this specification;

[0047] Figure 6A is an end sectional view of the pipe fitting of the treatment instrument shown in some embodiments of this specification Figure 1 ;

[0048] Figure 6B is an end sectional view 2 of the pipe fitting of the treatment instrument shown in some embodiments of this specification;

[0049] Figure 6C is according to Figure 6B a partial enlarged view of area A of the pipe fitting of the treatment instrument shown in some embodiments;

[0050] Figure 6D is an axial partial sectional view of the pipe fitting of the treatment instrument shown in some embodiments of this specification Figure 3 ;

[0051] Figure 6E is an axial partial sectional view of the pipe fitting of the treatment instrument shown in some embodiments of this specification Figure Four ;

[0052] Figure 6F is an axial partial sectional view of the pipe fitting of the treatment instrument shown in some embodiments of this specification Figure Five ;

[0053] Figure 6G is an axial partial sectional view six of the pipe fitting of the treatment instrument shown in some embodiments of this specification;

[0054] Figure 7A is an axial view of the end of the pipe fitting of the treatment instrument shown in some embodiments of this specification Figure 1 , wherein, the distal surface has a boss;

[0055] Figure 7B is an axial view 2 of the end of the pipe fitting of the treatment instrument shown in some embodiments of this specification, wherein, the distal surface has a boss and a surgical instrument is installed;

[0056] Figure 7C is an axial view of the end of the pipe fitting of the treatment instrument shown in some embodiments of this specification Figure 3 , wherein, the distal surface is a plane and a surgical instrument is installed;

[0057] Figure 8 is an axial view of the proximal end of the pipe fitting of the treatment instrument shown in some embodiments of this specification;

[0058] Figure 9Schematic diagram of the distal end structure of a treatment instrument according to some embodiments of this specification, where the surgical instrument is in the extended state;

[0059] Figure 10 Cross-sectional view of the distal end structure of a treatment instrument according to some embodiments of this specification, where the surgical instrument is in the extended state;

[0060] Figure 11A is according to Figure 10 Schematic cross-sectional view of the treatment instrument taken along line C-C;

[0061] Figure 11B is according to Figure 10 Schematic cross-sectional view of the treatment instrument taken along line B-B;

[0062] Figure 12A Schematic diagram of the distal end structure of a treatment instrument according to some embodiments of this specification Figure 1 ;

[0063] Figure 12B Schematic diagram 2 of the distal end structure of a treatment instrument according to some embodiments of this specification;

[0064] Figure 12C Schematic diagram of the distal end structure of a treatment instrument according to some embodiments of this specification Figure 3 ;

[0065] Figure 12D Schematic diagram of the distal end structure of a treatment instrument according to some embodiments of this specification Figure Four ;

[0066] Figure 12E Schematic diagram of the distal end structure of a treatment instrument according to some embodiments of this specification Figure Five ;

[0067] Figure 13 Schematic diagram of the distal end structure of a treatment instrument according to some embodiments of this specification, where the surgical instrument is in the retracted state;

[0068] Figure 14 Cross-sectional view of the distal end structure of a treatment instrument according to some embodiments of this specification, where the surgical instrument is in the retracted state;

[0069] Figure 15A Operating schematic diagram of a partial structure of a treatment instrument according to some embodiments of this specification Figure 1 ;

[0070] Figure 15B Operating schematic diagram 2 of a partial structure of a treatment instrument according to some embodiments of this specification;

[0071] Figure 16 It is a schematic structural diagram of the operation part of the treatment instrument shown in some embodiments of this specification;

[0072] Figure 17A It is a schematic diagram of the operation of a part of the structure of the treatment instrument shown in some embodiments of this specification Figure 3 ;

[0073] Figure 17B It is a schematic diagram of the operation of a part of the structure of the treatment instrument shown in some embodiments of this specification Figure Four ;

[0074] Figure 18 It is a schematic structural diagram of the distal end structure of the treatment instrument shown in some embodiments of this specification;

[0075] Figure 19 It is a schematic structural diagram of the distal end structure of the treatment instrument shown in some other embodiments of this specification;

[0076] Figure 20 It is a schematic flowchart of the operation method of the treatment instrument shown in some embodiments of this specification;

[0077] Figure 21A It is a schematic structural diagram of the marking of the treatment instrument shown in some embodiments of this specification;

[0078] Figure 21B It is a schematic structural diagram of making a pre-incision on the treatment instrument shown in some embodiments of this specification;

[0079] Figure 21C It is a schematic structural diagram of injecting fluid into the treatment instrument and causing the target object to bulge;

[0080] Figure 21D It is a schematic structural diagram of peeling the target object by the treatment instrument shown in some embodiments of this specification.

[0081] Explanation of reference numerals:

[0082] 1. Disposal instrument; 2. Execution part; 201. Pipe fitting; 2011. Distal surface; 21. Assembly channel; 211. Assembly port; 22. Fluid channel; 221. Flow channel body; 222. Fluid outlet; 223. Transition flow channel; 2231. Proximal segment; 2232. Distal segment; 2233. Guide bevel; 23. Boss; 24. Intermediate wall; 241. Slotted; 242. Limit projection; 25. Fluid inlet; 202. Surgical instrument; 26. Fluid hole; 27. Rod part; 28. Tip structure; 29. Protrusion; 203. Connection part; 204. Return conductor; 205. Limit tube; 3. Delivery part; 301. Sheath tube; 31. Fluid chamber; 32. Assembly chamber; 4. Electrode holder; 5. Operation part; 501. Operation handle; 502. Operation wire; 503. Connector; 51. Through hole; 504. Filling port; 505. Water injection pipe; 506. Seal; 6. Target object; 601. Target marking position; 602. Pre-incision. Detailed implementation manners

[0083] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this specification, the following will briefly introduce the accompanying drawings required for the description of the embodiments. Obviously, the accompanying drawings in the following description are only some examples or embodiments of this specification. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, this specification can also be applied to other similar scenarios based on these drawings. Unless obvious from the language context or otherwise stated, the same reference numerals in the figures represent the same structure or operation.

[0084] Flowcharts are used in this specification to illustrate the operations performed by the systems according to the embodiments of this specification. It should be understood that the operations before or after do not necessarily need to be executed precisely in sequence. On the contrary, they can be executed in reverse order or simultaneously. At the same time, other operations can also be added to these processes, or one or several operations can be removed from these processes.

[0085] Endoscopic processors are commonly used disposal instruments that can cut and dissect various tissues (such as mucous membranes, muscles, etc.). However, due to factors such as the unsatisfactory effect of submucosal injection and elevation during clinical operations, the surgical effect and success rate are affected. Therefore, in some embodiments of this specification, it is desired to provide an improved pipe fitting and disposal instrument for disposal instruments, and by improving the cross-section of the pipe fitting and the structure of the fluid outlet, etc., effective elevation of the submucosa can be achieved, improving the surgical effect and success rate.

[0086] Figure 1 It is an exemplary structural diagram of the disposal instrument 1 shown in some embodiments of this specification.

[0087] In some embodiments, the treatment instrument 1 includes, from the distal end to the proximal end, an execution part 2, a delivery part 3, and an operation part 5. The execution part 2 is used to perform surgical-related operations through surgical instruments or other consumables. The delivery part 3 is used to deliver surgical instruments or other consumables from the proximal end of the treatment instrument 1 to the execution part 2. The operation part 5 is used for the user to control or operate the execution part 2 and the delivery part 3. In some application scenarios of endoscopic submucosal dissection, the treatment instrument 1 locates the lesion tissue through positioning marks, injects under the lesion tissue to make it bulge, and then excises and dissects the lesion tissue, so as to achieve the treatment purpose.

[0088] The treatment instrument 1 and its pipe fitting 201 will be introduced in detail through multiple embodiments of this specification below.

[0089] First, it should be noted that the "proximal end" and "distal end" involved in the embodiments of this specification can represent directions. The side facing the operator is the "proximal end", and the side facing the side extending into the human body for treatment is the "distal end"; the "proximal end" and "distal end" can also represent parts of the structure and ends located in the corresponding directions. The "axial direction" and "radial direction" involved in the embodiments of this specification can represent directions. For example, the axial direction of the pipe fitting 201 (or the sheath 301, etc.) refers to the direction along the center line or rotation axis of the pipe fitting 201 (or the sheath 301, etc.), and the "radial direction" is perpendicular to the "axial direction".

[0090] Embodiment 1 of this specification provides a pipe fitting 201 for the treatment instrument 1. In some application scenarios, this pipe fitting 201 is used to be assembled on the treatment instrument 1. These treatment instruments 1 include, but are not limited to, endoscopic processor instruments such as bipolar / unipolar electrocoagulation forceps, bipolar / unipolar cutting knives, bipolar / unipolar electrocoagulation scissors, bipolar / unipolar snare devices, etc. The pipe fitting 201 includes, but is not limited to, pipe fittings 201 such as ceramic pipes and metal alloy pipes for assembling surgical instruments 202 and / or delivering injection fluids.

[0091] Figure 2A is an exemplary structure of the pipe fitting 201 of the treatment instrument 1 shown in some embodiments of this specification Figure 1 . Figure 2B is an exemplary structure diagram 2 of the pipe fitting 201 of the treatment instrument 1 shown in some other embodiments of this specification. Figure 3 is an exemplary structure of the pipe fitting 201 of the treatment instrument 1 shown in some embodiments of this specification Figure 3 . Figure 4 is an axial cross-section of the pipe fitting 201 of the treatment instrument 1 shown in some embodiments of this specification Figure 1 .

[0092] As Figures 2A to 4As shown, some embodiments of the present specification provide a pipe fitting 201 for a treatment instrument 1. The pipe fitting 201 is configured as a cylinder or prism with multiple channels. In some embodiments, the pipe fitting 201 includes an assembly channel 21 and a fluid channel 22. The assembly channel 21 is used for installing a surgical instrument 202 of the treatment instrument 1 (such as Figure 6A shown in), such as incision knives (needle knives, hook knives, IT knives, etc.), electrocautery forceps, coagulation forceps, injection needles, snare devices, etc. The fluid channel 22 is used for allowing a fluid (such as liquid or gas, etc.) to pass through.

[0093] In some embodiments, the assembly channel 21 extends from the proximal end to the distal end of the pipe fitting 201. The distal end of the assembly channel 21 includes an assembly opening 211 that allows the surgical instrument 202 to extend out. In some embodiments, the cross-sectional shapes and dimensions of the assembly channel 21 and the surgical instrument 202 are adapted in the radial direction, so that the inner wall of the assembly channel 21 can fit with the outer surface of the surgical instrument 202, improving the stability of the displacement of the surgical instrument 202.

[0094] In some embodiments, the fluid channel 22 extends from the proximal end to the distal end of the pipe fitting 201. The fluid channel 22 includes a channel body 221 and a fluid outlet 222 from the proximal end to the distal end. The effective area of the fluid outlet 222 is smaller than the effective cross-sectional area of the channel body 221. Among them, the effective cross-sectional area of the channel body 221 refers to the cross-sectional area of the channel body 221 in the radial direction of the pipe fitting 201; the effective area of the fluid outlet 222 refers to the area that actually affects the cross-sectional area of the fluid in the direction perpendicular to the flow direction when the fluid flows through the fluid outlet 222. The effective area of the fluid outlet 222 can be further understood as: when the normal direction of the fluid outlet 222 is the same as or substantially the same as the equivalent ejection direction of the fluid at the fluid outlet 222, the effective area of the fluid outlet 222 is the opening area of the fluid outlet 222, where substantially the same means that the angle between the two directions is within the range of 0 to 5°. The equivalent ejection direction of the fluid at the fluid outlet 222 refers to the representative direction statistically based on the characteristics of fluid momentum, streamline density, etc. when the ejection directions of the fluid are inconsistent under appropriate ejection pressure; when the normal direction of the fluid outlet 222 is different from the equivalent ejection direction of the fluid at the fluid outlet 222 (for example, the angle between the two is greater than 5°), the effective area of the fluid outlet 222 is equivalent to the cross-sectional area of the fluid in the direction perpendicular to the flow direction when the fluid flows through the fluid outlet 222. In some embodiments, the shape of the fluid outlet 222 includes but is not limited to circular, U-shaped, circular segment, polygon, etc.

[0095] By respectively providing an assembly channel 21 and a fluid channel 22, an assembly port 211 and a fluid outlet 222 in the pipe fitting 201, the delivery of the surgical instrument 202 and the fluid can be made independent of each other without interference. For example, the surgical instrument 202 may not block or interfere with the fluid for injection. Moreover, the effective area of the fluid outlet 222 of the fluid channel 22 of the pipe fitting 201 is smaller than the effective cross-sectional area of the channel body 221, which can increase the injection impact force and the water injection flow rate of the fluid outlet 222, enabling the outgoing fluid to form a concentrated and directional jet, thereby improving the bulging effect of the target object 6 (such as mucous membrane, shown in Figures 21A to 21D ), enabling real-time fluid supplementation during the operation; it can also clean the surgical instrument 202 in real time, or / and clean the incision site and / or the dissection site in real time; improve the success rate of the operation; in combination with the foregoing, even if there is partial occlusion between the surgical instrument 202 and the fluid in some embodiments, the influence of the occluded part on the injected fluid will be very small.

[0096] As Figure 4 shown, in some embodiments, the fluid channel 22 further includes a transition channel 223. The transition channel 223 is provided between the channel body 221 and the fluid outlet 222. The effective cross-sectional area of the transition channel 223 decreases at least partially from the proximal end to the distal end according to a first preset functional relationship, and the channel body 221 may be a constant cross-section channel or a variable cross-section channel. Wherein, the effective cross-sectional area of the transition channel 223 refers to the cross-sectional area of the transition channel 223 along the radial direction of the pipe fitting 201. Exemplarily, the effective cross-sectional area of the transition channel 223 decreases entirely according to the first preset functional relationship; or, the effective cross-sectional area of one or both of the proximal part, the middle part, or the distal part of the transition channel 223 decreases according to the first preset functional relationship, and the effective cross-sectional area of the remaining part remains constant or increases. In some embodiments, the first preset functional relationship refers to the variation relationship of the effective cross-sectional area of the transition channel 223 with the distance from the corresponding cross-section to the proximal end of the transition channel 223. The first preset functional relationship includes but is not limited to a linearly monotonically decreasing function, a stepwise decreasing function, an exponential decay function, a parabolic function, a Gaussian function, a power-law function, or other decreasing function relationships with any curve shape. In some embodiments, at least part of the effective cross-sectional area of the transition channel 223 decreases stepwise or / and at least part of it decreases continuously. The stepwise decrease can be understood as the inner surface of the transition channel 223 including a stepped shape from the proximal end to the distal end, and the continuous decrease can be understood as the inner surface of the transition channel 223 including an inclined plane or an inclined arc surface from the proximal end to the distal end. By connecting the channel body 221 and the fluid outlet 222 through the transition channel 223, the channel body 221 has a larger cross-section, and only the cross-section is reduced in the transition channel 223, which can not only increase the jet velocity of the fluid outlet 222 but also increase the jet flow rate.

[0097] In some embodiments, when the first preset functional relationship is a linear functional relationship, the transition flow channel 223 presents as a smooth, continuous and gradually narrowing channel from the proximal end to the distal end, that is, it includes a stepless decrease, enabling the fluid to flow smoothly to the fluid outlet 222, which is beneficial to reducing turbulence, lowering resistance, etc., so that a stable and continuous jet flow is formed at the fluid outlet 222, and the structure of the transition flow channel 223 is regular, facilitating processing.

[0098] Figure 5 It is a second axial sectional view of the pipe fitting 201 of the treatment device 1 shown in some other embodiments of the present specification.

[0099] As Figure 5 shown, in some embodiments, the effective cross-sectional area of the fluid channel 22 decreases at least partially from the proximal end to the distal end according to a second preset functional relationship. At this time, there is no need to provide a transition flow channel 223 in the fluid channel 22, so that the fluid is gradually pressurized along the entire length of the pipe fitting 201, improving the stability and uniformity of the fluid, and enabling a stable and continuous jet flow to be formed at the fluid outlet 222. Among them, the second preset functional relationship refers to the variation relationship of the effective cross-sectional area of the fluid channel 22 with the distance from the corresponding cross-section to the proximal end of the fluid channel 22. The second preset functional relationship includes, but is not limited to, a linearly monotonically decreasing function, a stepwise decreasing function, an exponential decay function, a parabolic function, a Gaussian function, a power-law function, or other decreasing function relationships with any curve shape. In some embodiments, at least part of the effective cross-sectional area of the fluid channel 22 decreases stepwise and / or at least part decreases steplessly from the proximal end to the distal end. The stepwise decrease can be understood as the inner surface of the fluid channel 22 including a stepped shape from the proximal end to the distal end, and the stepless decrease can be understood as the inner surface of the fluid channel 22 including an inclined plane or an inclined arc surface from the proximal end to the distal end.

[0100] In some embodiments, when the second preset functional relationship is a linear functional relationship, the entire fluid channel 22 presents as a smooth, continuous and gradually narrowing channel from the proximal end to the distal end, that is, it includes a stepless decrease, enabling the fluid to flow smoothly to the fluid outlet 222, which is beneficial to making the pressure change of the fluid more uniform, reducing turbulence, lowering resistance, etc., so that a stable and continuous jet flow is formed at the fluid outlet 222, and the structure of the fluid channel 22 is regular, facilitating processing.

[0101] Figure 6A It is an end cross-section of the pipe fitting 201 of the treatment device 1 shown in some embodiments of the present specification Figure 1 。 Figure 6B It is a second end cross-sectional view of the pipe fitting 201 of the treatment device 1 shown in some embodiments of the present specification. Figure 6C It is according to Figure 6B a partial enlarged view of area A of the pipe fitting of the treatment device shown in some embodiments.Figure 6D is a partial axial cross-section of the pipe fitting 201 of the treatment instrument 1 shown in some embodiments of this specification Figure 3 . Figure 6E is a partial axial cross-section of the pipe fitting 201 of the treatment instrument 1 shown in some embodiments of this specification Figure Four . Figure 6F is a partial axial cross-section of the pipe fitting 201 of the treatment instrument 1 shown in some embodiments of this specification Figure Five . Figure 6G is the sixth partial axial cross-sectional view of the pipe fitting 201 of the treatment instrument 1 shown in some embodiments of this specification. Among them, the arrow direction in the figure is the equivalent jet direction of the fluid outlet

[0102] As Figures 6A to 6E shown, in some embodiments, the transition flow channel 223 includes a proximal section 2231 and a distal section 2232. The effective cross-sectional area of the proximal section 2231 decreases from the proximal end to the distal end according to a third preset functional relationship, and the effective cross-sectional area of the distal section 2232 increases from the proximal end to the distal end according to a fourth preset functional relationship. In this way, the entire transition flow channel 223 presents a shape where the cross-section gradually decreases first and then gradually increases from the proximal end to the distal end. Among them, the proximal section 2231 increases the flow velocity of the fluid and increases the fluid pressure, thereby improving the injection efficiency and flow rate, increasing the jet pressure, and causing the target object 6 to bulge rapidly; the distal section 2232 increases the amplitude of the equivalent jet direction to a certain extent. In some embodiments, the effective cross-sectional area of the distal section 2232 in the radial direction of the pipe fitting 201 remains constant from the proximal end to the distal end, so that the fluid outlet 222 can eject a concentrated jet flow

[0103] In some embodiments, the third preset functional relationship includes, but is not limited to, a linear monotonically decreasing function, a stepwise decreasing function, an exponential decay function, a parabolic function, a Gaussian function, a decaying power function, or other decreasing function relationships with any curve shape, etc. The fourth preset functional relationship includes, but is not limited to, a linear monotonically increasing function, a stepwise increasing function, an exponential growth function, a growing power function, or other increasing function relationships with any curve shape, etc. In some embodiments, at least part of the effective cross-sectional area of the proximal section 2231 decreases stepwise or / and at least part of it decreases continuously from the proximal end to the distal end; in some embodiments, at least part of the effective cross-sectional area of the distal section 2232 increases stepwise or / and at least part of it increases continuously from the proximal end to the distal end; the understanding of stepwise and continuous is referred to the foregoing

[0104] As Figures 6D to 6GAs shown, in some embodiments, the transition flow channel 223 includes a guiding inclined surface 2233, and the guiding inclined surface 2233 is configured such that the injection path of the fluid outlet 222 forms an intersection point P with the axis of the assembly port 211. The intersection point P is located outside the assembly port 211, and the distance between the intersection point P and the assembly port 211 is configured to be within a preset range. In some embodiments, in the circumferential direction, a part of the inner wall of the transition flow channel 223 close to the assembly channel 21 forms the guiding inclined surface 2233, and the other part is parallel to the central axis of the fluid outlet 222. In some embodiments, in the axial direction, at least a part of the transition flow channel 223 close to the fluid outlet 222 inclines towards the assembly channel 21, that is, the guiding inclined surface 2233 is distributed on the entire circumference, and at this time the transition flow channel 223 is curved. Alternatively, in the axial direction, the entire transition flow channel 223 inclines towards the assembly channel 21, and at this time the transition flow channel 223 is linear. In some embodiments, the distance between the intersection point P and the assembly port 211 enables the fluid to be sprayed onto the rod part 27 or the tip structure 28 of the surgical instrument 202 or slightly exceed the tip structure 28 of the surgical instrument 202, realizing the flushing of the surgical instrument 202 and / or the target object 6, improving the surgical effect and efficiency. On the one hand, the scab on the surgical instrument 202 can be flushed, and on the other hand, the treatment site can be flushed to keep the visual field clear.

[0105] As Figure 6D and Figure 6E shown, the normal direction of the fluid outlet 222 is substantially the same as the equivalent injection direction of the fluid at the fluid outlet 222 (as shown by the arrow Ar), and the effective area of the fluid outlet 222 is the opening area of the fluid outlet 222. Figure 6F and Figure 6G shown, the normal direction of the fluid outlet 222 is different from the equivalent injection direction of the fluid at the fluid outlet 222 (as shown by the arrow Ar), and the effective area of the fluid outlet 222 can be equivalent to the cross-sectional area of the fluid in the direction perpendicular to the fluid flow direction when the fluid flows through the fluid outlet 222.

[0106] As Figures 6A to 6C , in some embodiments, the transition flow channel 223 includes a guiding surface, and the guiding surface is configured such that the injection path of the fluid outlet 222 is parallel to the axis of the assembly port 211. When at least a part of the projection of the surgical instrument 202 on the pipe fitting 201 is located at the fluid outlet 222, the fluid is sprayed onto the rod part 27 or the tip structure 28 of the surgical instrument 202. Without almost affecting the injection, it can effectively clean the surgical instrument 202 and / or clean the incision site and / or the dissection site in real time; in some embodiments, when the projection of the surgical instrument 202 on the pipe fitting 201 is not located at the fluid outlet 222, the fluid is not sprayed onto the surgical instrument 202.

[0107] In some embodiments, the ratio range of the effective cross-sectional area of the flow channel body 221 to the effective area of the fluid outlet 222 is 4 to 8. Preferably, the ratio range can also be 4.5 to 7.6. In some embodiments, the range of the effective cross-sectional area of the flow channel body 221 is 0.36 mm 2 to 0.38 mm 2 and preferably, the value of the effective cross-sectional area of the flow channel body 221 is about 0.375 mm 2 . In some embodiments, the range of the effective area of the fluid outlet 222 is 0.04 mm 2 to 0.08 mm 2 and preferably, the value of the effective area of the fluid outlet 222 is about 0.05 mm 2 . According to the above data range, the injection pressure of the fluid outlet 222 can be controlled within a reasonable range, avoiding the influence of too small pressure on the bulging effect and avoiding damage to normal tissues caused by too large pressure.

[0108] In some embodiments, as shown in Figure 2A and Figure 2B , the fluid outlet 222 is a round hole, and the aperture range of the round hole is 0.2 mm to 0.4 mm. Preferably, the aperture of the fluid outlet 222 is 0.25 mm. When the aperture of the fluid outlet 222 is within the above range, the injection pressure of the fluid can be controlled within a suitable range, avoiding the influence of too small pressure on the bulging effect and avoiding damage to normal tissues caused by too large pressure.

[0109] In some embodiments, as shown in Figure 6E and 6G , the distal end of the pipe fitting 201 is a flat surface, and the fluid outlet 222 and the assembly port 211 are arranged coplanarly, which can simplify the processing difficulty of the end face of the pipe fitting 201, and the surgical instrument 202 and the injected fluid do not interfere with each other.

[0110] As shown in Figures 1 to 6G , in some embodiments, both the assembly port 211 and the fluid outlet 222 are eccentrically arranged relative to the central axis S1 of the pipe fitting 201 to improve the internal space utilization rate of the pipe fitting 201 and reduce the radial dimension of the pipe fitting 201. In some other embodiments, one of the assembly port 211 and the fluid outlet 222 is located on the central axis S1 of the pipe fitting 201, and the other is eccentrically arranged relative to the central axis S1 of the pipe fitting 201 to improve the overall structural strength of the pipe fitting 201 and reduce vibration and noise.

[0111] For some surgical instruments 202, their distal ends include a tip structure 28 with an increased cross-section. The lateral dimension of the tip structure 28 is generally larger than the cross-sectional area of the assembly port 211. For example, the cutting head of a cutting knife, etc. When the surgical instrument 202 is retracted into the pipe fitting 201, the tip structure 28 abuts against the outer edge of the assembly port 211 and is exposed outside the assembly port 211 to meet the length requirement for the surgical instrument 202 to be retracted into the pipe fitting 201. In some embodiments, as Figure 6D and 6F shown, in the axial direction of the pipe fitting 201, there is a first preset distance L1 between the fluid outlet 222 and the assembly port 211 (as Figure 4 shown), that is, the fluid outlet 222 and the assembly port 211 are arranged axially misaligned along the pipe fitting 201. For example, and the fluid outlet 222 is arranged closer to the distal end relative to the assembly port 211. Among them, the first preset distance L1 can be the minimum distance between the projected profiles of the fluid outlet 222 and the assembly port 211 on the axial cross-section of the pipe fitting 201.

[0112] In some embodiments, the first preset distance L1 can be designed according to the state of the surgical instrument 202 retracted into the pipe fitting 201. For example, the difference between the first preset distance L1 and the axial dimension of the tip structure 28 of the surgical instrument 202 is configured to be within a preset difference range. In this way, when the surgical instrument 202 is retracted into the pipe fitting 201, the distal end of the surgical instrument 202 and the fluid outlet 222 are flush or substantially flush, which can prevent the tip structure 28 of the surgical instrument 202 from interfering with the fluid ejected from the fluid outlet 222, enabling the fluid outlet 222 to eject concentrated and jet-like fluid to meet the requirements for cleaning and bulging the target object 6.

[0113] In some application scenarios of cutting knives, the axial height range of the cutting head of the cutting knife is 0.30 mm to 0.35 mm. For example, the axial height of the cutting head of the cutting knife is about 0.30 mm or 0.33 mm to ensure effective marking, cutting, and peeling of the target object 6. Based on this, in some embodiments, the range of the first preset distance L1 is 0.30 mm to 0.35 mm, and the preset difference range is 0 to 0.05 mm, so that when the cutting knife is retracted into the pipe fitting 201, the cutting head is flush or substantially flush with the fluid outlet 222 without affecting injection.

[0114] In some embodiments, a boss 23 is provided on the distal surface of the pipe fitting 201, and the fluid outlet 222 is provided on the boss 23. The boss 23 can extend into the tissue to facilitate the injection of the fluid through the fluid outlet 222. In some embodiments, a groove (not shown in the figure) is provided on the distal surface of the pipe fitting 201. The groove is configured to at least partially receive the tip structure 28 of the surgical instrument 202, and the assembly port 211 is provided in the groove. In this way, the fluid outlet 222 and the assembly port 211 are arranged with a first preset spacing L1 in the axial direction of the pipe fitting 201, so as to avoid the tip structure 28 of the surgical instrument 202 interfering with the fluid ejected from the fluid outlet 222.

[0115] Figure 7A is the axial view of the end of the pipe fitting of the treatment instrument shown in some embodiments of this specification Figure 1 , wherein, the distal surface has a boss 23. Figure 7B is the second axial view of the end of the pipe fitting of the treatment instrument shown in some embodiments of this specification, wherein, the distal surface has a boss 23 and the surgical instrument 202 is installed. Figure 7C is the axial view of the end of the pipe fitting of the treatment instrument shown in some embodiments of this specification Figure 3 , wherein, the distal surface is a plane and the surgical instrument 202 is installed.

[0116] As Figures 7A to 7C shown, in some embodiments, in the radial direction of the pipe fitting 201, there is a second preset spacing L2 between the fluid outlet 222 and the assembly port 211. The second preset spacing L2 can be the minimum spacing between the projected profiles of the fluid outlet 222 and the assembly port 211 in the radial cross-section of the pipe fitting 201. In some embodiments, the second preset spacing L2 is configured to be greater than or equal to the characteristic dimension of the tip structure 28 of the surgical instrument 202; wherein, the characteristic dimension is the dimension of the part of the tip structure 28 of the surgical instrument 202 that protrudes radially from the assembly port 211 and is located between the fluid outlet 222 and the assembly port 211. By setting the second preset spacing L2, the tip structure 28 of the surgical instrument 202 can avoid blocking the fluid outlet 222 when retracting into the pipe fitting 201, or avoid interfering with the boss 23 where the fluid outlet 222 is located.

[0117] In some application scenarios of the cutting knife, the lateral dimension of the tool tip of the cutting knife is approximately 0.66 mm, the diameter of the assembly port 211 is approximately 0.40 mm, and when the cutting knife is retracted into the assembly channel 21, the characteristic dimension of the tool tip is approximately 0.13 mm. Based on this, in some embodiments, the range of the second preset spacing L2 is 0.20 mm to 0.30 mm. Preferably, the second preset spacing L2 is 0.25 mm. In some embodiments, the minimum spacing between the tool tip of the cutting knife and the fluid outlet 222 in the radial direction of the pipe fitting 201 ranges from 0.07 mm to 0.17 mm. Preferably, the minimum spacing L3 between the tool tip of the cutting knife and the fluid outlet 222 in the radial direction of the pipe fitting 201 is 0.12 mm.

[0118] In some embodiments, the second preset spacing L2 is configured to be smaller than the characteristic dimension of the tip structure 28 of the surgical instrument 202; the range of the second preset spacing L2 is less than 0.20 mm. At this time, the surgical instrument 202 can be effectively cleaned or / and the incision site or / and the dissection site can be cleaned in real time with little impact on injection.

[0119] Figure 8 It is an axial view of the proximal end of the pipe fitting 201 of the treatment instrument 1 shown in some embodiments of this specification.

[0120] In some embodiments, the flow channel body 221 has a segmental cross-section, and the assembly channel 21 is located on the chord surface side or the concave side of the segmental cross-section. Here, a segment refers to a concave arc-shaped or semi-circular structure formed by two arcs, and a minor arc circle, a semi-circle or a major arc circle structure formed by a chord and an arc. In this way, the cross-sectional area of the flow channel body 221 can be as large as possible to increase the flow rate of the flow channel body 221. In some other embodiments, the flow channel body 221 may also have a cross-section of other shapes such as a circular shape or a polygon.

[0121] In some embodiments, an intermediate wall 24 is included between the assembly channel 21 and the runner body 221. At least a part of the intermediate wall 24 forms a slotted opening 241, and the slotted opening 241 extends in the direction from the proximal end to the distal end of the pipe fitting 201. In some embodiments, at least a part of the intermediate wall 24 forms the slotted opening 241, which can be understood as at least a part of the intermediate wall 24 forms the slotted opening 241 in the circumferential direction, and / or at least a part of the intermediate wall 24 forms the slotted opening 241 in the axial direction. In some embodiments, a part of the intermediate wall 24 forms the slotted opening 241, and another part forms a limiting convex 242 for cooperating with the surgical instrument 202 to stably mount the surgical instrument 202 in the assembly channel 21. In some embodiments, the proximal end of the slotted opening 241 is located at the proximal end of the pipe fitting 201, and there is a third preset distance between the distal end of the slotted opening 241 and the distal end of the pipe fitting 201. Among them, the third preset distance can be determined according to the length of the transition runner 223. For example, the slotted opening 241 extends to the distal end of the runner body 221, that is, the proximal end of the transition runner 223; or, the third preset distance can be 5% - 15% of the total length of the fluid channel 22, ensuring the wall thickness, preventing breakage, and ensuring the water outlet flow rate; or, the third preset distance can be within the range of 0.3 mm - 1.0 mm. By providing the slotted opening 241, the space occupied by the intermediate wall 24 can be minimized as much as possible, enabling the fluid channel 22 and the assembly channel 21 to communicate from the side wall, increasing the cross-sectional area of the fluid channel 22, and thus improving the injection flow rate.

[0122] In some embodiments, the wall thickness of the intermediate wall 24 is smaller than the wall thickness of the pipe wall of the pipe fitting 201. Here, the slotted opening 241 may or may not be provided on the intermediate wall 24. On the premise of meeting the assembly strength, the wall thickness of the intermediate wall 24 can be designed as small as possible to increase the cross-sectional area of the fluid channel 22, thereby improving the injection flow rate.

[0123] Embodiment 2 of this specification provides a treatment instrument 1. In some application scenarios, these treatment instruments 1 include, but are not limited to, endoscopic treatment instruments such as bipolar / unipolar electrocoagulation forceps, bipolar / unipolar cutting knives, bipolar / unipolar electrocoagulation scissors, and bipolar / unipolar snare devices.

[0124] Figure 9 is a schematic diagram of the distal structure of the treatment instrument 1 shown in some embodiments of this specification, where the surgical instrument 202 is in the extended state. Figure 10 is a cross-sectional view of the distal structure of the treatment instrument 1 shown in some embodiments of this specification, where the surgical instrument 202 is in the extended state.

[0125] Combined with Figures 1 to 10 shown, Embodiment 2 of this specification provides a treatment instrument 1, which includes a sheath 301 and a pipe fitting 201 for the treatment instrument 1 as described in any of the above embodiments.

[0126] In some embodiments, the pipe fitting 201 is disposed at the distal end of the sheath 301. In some embodiments, the axis of the pipe fitting 201 is coaxial or parallel to the axis of the sheath 301.

[0127] In some embodiments, the sheath 301 includes a channel, and the channel includes a fluid chamber 31. The distal end of the fluid chamber 31 communicates with the proximal end of the fluid passage 22 of the pipe fitting 201, and the effective cross-sectional area of the fluid chamber 31 is greater than or equal to the effective cross-sectional area of the flow channel body 221 of the pipe fitting 201. Herein, the effective cross-sectional area of the fluid chamber 31 refers to the cross-sectional area of any cross-section perpendicular to the axial direction of the sheath 301 of the fluid chamber 31 minus the cross-sectional area of other structures (such as the operating wire 502 mentioned later) in the fluid chamber 31 at this cross-section; the effective cross-sectional area of the flow channel body 221 refers to the cross-sectional area of the flow channel body 221 along the radial direction of the pipe fitting 201.

[0128] By making the effective cross-sectional area of the fluid chamber 31 greater than or equal to the effective cross-sectional area of the flow channel body 221 of the pipe fitting 201, and the effective area of the fluid outlet 222 of the fluid passage 22 of the pipe fitting 201 being smaller than the effective cross-sectional area of the flow channel body 221, the flow pressure and flow velocity in the fluid chamber 31 and the fluid passage 22 can be improved, the injection impact force and water injection flow rate of the fluid outlet 222 can be increased, and the outgoing fluid can form a concentrated and directional jet, thereby improving the bulging effect of the target object 6 (such as mucous membrane) and increasing the success rate of the operation.

[0129] In some embodiments, the sheath 301 further includes an assembly chamber 32, and the pipe fitting 201 is disposed inside the assembly chamber 32, so that the pipe fitting 201 can be stably fixed in place, avoiding displacement or loosening during the operation, thereby ensuring the accuracy and safety of the operation. In some embodiments, the proximal end of the fluid passage 22 of the pipe fitting 201 includes a fluid inlet 25, and the fluid inlet 25 communicates with the fluid chamber 31 of the sheath 301. The fluid chamber 31 can communicate with the fluid inlet 25 in various forms, and this specification does not limit this.

[0130] For example, the distal end of the fluid chamber 31 is butt-jointed with the proximal end interface of the assembly chamber 32 in a matching manner, and the assembly chamber 32 at least partially accommodates the pipe fitting 201. In this case, the end face area of the distal end of the fluid chamber 31 is much larger than the effective area of the fluid inlet 25, and the flow pressure in the fluid chamber 31 can be adjusted, the injection impact force and water injection flow rate of the fluid outlet 222 can be increased, and the outgoing fluid can form a concentrated and directional jet. It should be noted that "butt-jointed in a matching manner" means that the shape and size of the distal end face of the fluid chamber 31 are equal or substantially equal to the proximal end face of the assembly chamber 32.

[0131] For another example, the distal end of the fluid chamber 31 is matingly docked with the fluid inlet 25. "Matingly docked" means that the shape and size of the distal end face of the fluid chamber 31 are equal to or substantially equal to those of the fluid inlet 25. In this case, the end face area of the distal end of the fluid chamber 31 is equal to or substantially equal to the effective area of the fluid inlet 25, which allows the fluid to smoothly transition from the fluid chamber 31 into the fluid passage 22. Here, the sheath tube 301 passage includes, in addition to the fluid chamber 31, a working chamber for arranging structures such as the operating wire 502. The fluid chamber 31 and the working chamber are independent of each other and do not interfere with each other. To adjust the pressure of the fluid, in some embodiments, the effective cross-sectional area of the fluid chamber 31 decreases from the proximal end to the distal end according to a fifth preset functional relationship, where the fifth preset functional relationship includes, but is not limited to, a linearly monotonically decreasing function, a stepwise decreasing function, an exponential decay function, a parabolic function, a Gaussian function, a decaying power function, or any other decreasing function relationship with an arbitrary curve shape, etc. In some embodiments, at least part of the effective cross-sectional area of the fluid chamber 31 decreases stepwise and / or at least part decreases continuously from the proximal end to the distal end; the understanding of stepwise and continuous is as described above.

[0132] Figure 11A is a schematic cross-sectional view taken along line C-C of the treatment instrument 1 according to Figure 10 Figure 11B is a schematic cross-sectional view taken along line B-B of the treatment instrument 1 according to Figure 10

[0133] In some embodiments, the ratio range of the effective cross-sectional area of the fluid chamber 31 to the effective cross-sectional area of the flow channel main body 221 is 1 to 3. Preferably, the ratio range can also be 1.9:2.7. In some embodiments, the range of the effective cross-sectional area of the fluid chamber 31 is 0.7 mm 2 to 1 mm 2 , preferably, the range can also be 0.75 mm 2 to 0.1 mm 2 . For example, the effective cross-sectional area of the fluid chamber 31 is 0.97 mm 2 or 0.93 mm 2 . The effective cross-sectional area of the flow channel main body 221 can refer to the relevant description in Embodiment 1. In some embodiments, the ratio range of the effective cross-sectional area of the fluid chamber 31 to the effective area of the fluid outlet 222 of the pipe fitting 201 is 9 to 20. The effective area of the fluid outlet 222 can refer to the relevant description in Embodiment 1.

[0134] ​​It should be noted that the effective cross-sectional area of the fluid chamber 31 can be determined according to the value of either the effective cross-sectional area of the flow channel main body 221 or the effective area of the fluid outlet 222, or can be determined according to the values of both at the same time. In some embodiments, the ratio of the effective cross-sectional area of the fluid chamber 31, the effective cross-sectional area of the flow channel main body 221, and the effective area of the fluid outlet 222 can be 0.97:0.37:0.05. Preferably, the ratio can also be 0.93:0.37:0.05.

[0135] According to the above data range, the injection pressure of the fluid outlet 222 can be controlled within a relatively reasonable range. For example, the range of the injection pressure of the fluid outlet 222 can be 0.0015 N to 0.0025 N. Preferably, the injection pressure of the fluid outlet 222 can be 0.0019 N or 0.002 N, so as to avoid the influence of too small pressure on the bulging effect and avoid damage to normal tissues caused by too large pressure.

[0136] Figure 12A is a schematic diagram of the distal structure of the treatment instrument 1 shown in some embodiments of this specification Figure 1 。 Figure 12B is Figure 2 of the schematic diagram of the distal structure of the treatment instrument 1 shown in some embodiments of this specification. Figure 12C is a schematic diagram of the distal structure of the treatment instrument 1 shown in some embodiments of this specification Figure 3 。 Figure 12D is a schematic diagram of the distal structure of the treatment instrument shown in some embodiments of this specification Figure Four 。 Figure 12E is a schematic diagram of the distal structure of the treatment instrument shown in some embodiments of this specification Figure Five 。

[0137] In some embodiments, the pipe fitting 201 is at least partially accommodated in the channel of the sheath 301. For example, as Figures 12A to 12C shown, the end face of the distal end of the pipe fitting 201 is flush with the end face of the distal end of the sheath 301, which is beneficial to increasing the structural strength of the distal end of the pipe fitting 201 and improving the operation stability. Among them, the end face of the distal end of the pipe fitting 201 can be the end face where the assembly port 211 is located, or can be the end face where the fluid outlet 222 is located. Again, for example, as Figure 12D 、 Figure 12EAs shown, the end face of the distal end of the pipe fitting 201 protrudes from the end face of the distal end of the sheath 301, which is beneficial to simplify the assembly and increase the operating space of the surgical instrument 202. In some embodiments, the height range of the end face of the distal end of the pipe fitting 201 protruding from the end face of the distal end of the sheath 301 is 0.08 mm to 0.22 mm. Preferably, the height of the end face of the distal end of the pipe fitting 201 protruding from the end face of the distal end of the sheath 301 is about 0.2 mm. In some embodiments, the end face of the distal end of the pipe fitting 201 is recessed from the end face of the distal end of the sheath 301 by about 0.08 mm to 0.22 mm, preferably about 0.2 mm.

[0138] Combined with Figure 2A , Figure 2B , Figure 3 and Figure 10 As shown, in some embodiments, the pipe fitting 201 is assembled with the assembly chamber 32 of the sheath 301 by interference fit. For example, the outer diameter of the pipe fitting 201 is about 1.5 mm, and the inner diameter of the assembly chamber 32 is about 1.2 mm. The pipe fitting 201 is press-fitted into the assembly chamber 32 to increase the mating connection force between the pipe fitting 201 and the assembly chamber 32. In some embodiments, the proximal portion of the pipe fitting 201 is configured as a tapered structure that gradually increases from the proximal end to the distal end, making it easier for the pipe fitting 201 to enter the assembly chamber 32. In some application scenarios of the cutting knife, a connecting portion 203 is provided on the outer surface of the sheath 301. At least a part of the projection of the connecting portion 203 and the pipe fitting 201 in the radial direction overlaps to form a connecting region M. Here, the projection in the radial direction refers to the figure formed by projecting the connecting portion 203 and the pipe fitting 201 along the radial direction onto the axis or a plane parallel to the axis. The connecting portion 203 is fastened to the outer surface of the sheath 301 to press against the sheath 301 and the pipe fitting 201. For example, the connecting portion 203 is fastened to (or clamped around) the outer surface of the sheath 301 by swaging, further increasing the radial pressure of the sheath 301 on the pipe fitting 201 and improving the connection force between the pipe fitting 201 and the sheath 301. In some embodiments, the connecting portion 203 can be a first electrode. The treatment instrument 1 includes a second electrode (such as the electrode seat 4 mentioned later). The connecting portion 203 and the second electrode form a bipolar pair. A bipolar pair refers to an electrical component composed of two electrodes and can be used to generate or receive electrical signals. The sheath 301 is made of materials such as PP, PTFE, and FEP.

[0139] In some embodiments, the connecting portion 203 and the second electrode form a bipolar pair, and its current loop can include: a return conductor 204 is provided inside the sheath. The return conductor 204 passes through the sheath 301 and is electrically connected to the connecting portion 203. Here, the return conductor 204 can be a component for conducting current to enable the current to flow back to the passive electrode. The material of the return conductor 204 is not limited and can be molybdenum wire, silver wire, etc.

[0140] In some embodiments, the return conductor 204 is electrically connected to the connecting portion 203. For example, the return conductor 204 can be in direct contact with the connecting portion 203 to achieve electrical connection; alternatively, the return conductor 204 can be in contact with the connecting portion 203 through other conductors to achieve electrical connection, etc. In some embodiments, the sheath tube 120 is provided with an opening, and a limiting tube 205 is provided at the opening. The return conductor 204 passes through the opening and is connected to the limiting tube 205, and the limiting tube 205 is connected to the connecting portion 203.

[0141] In some embodiments, one end of the operating wire 502 is electrically connected to one of the power supply electrodes of the electrode base 4 (such as the active electrode), and the other end is electrically connected to the surgical instrument 202. Among them, the power supply electrodes can include an active electrode and a passive electrode. The active electrode supplies power to the surgical instrument 202, and the surgical instrument 202 performs clinical operations on human tissues. The current enters the human tissues and then is led out and returned to the passive electrode through other components (such as the conductive tip cap, the conductive connecting portion 203, the return conductor 204, etc.) to form a current loop.

[0142] Figure 13 is a schematic diagram of the distal structure of the treatment instrument 1 shown in some embodiments of the present specification, wherein the surgical instrument 202 is in a retracted state. Figure 14 is a cross-sectional view of the distal structure of the treatment instrument 1 shown in some embodiments of the present specification, wherein the surgical instrument 202 is in a retracted state. Figure 15A is an operation schematic of a part of the structure of the treatment instrument 1 shown in some embodiments of the present specification Figure 1 . Figure 15B is an operation schematic diagram 2 of a part of the structure of the treatment instrument 1 shown in some embodiments of the present specification.

[0143] In some embodiments, the treatment instrument 1 further includes a surgical instrument 202. The surgical instrument 202 is slidably disposed in the assembly channel 21 of the pipe fitting 201, and the pipe fitting 201 is configured such that the surgical instrument 202 is located on the central axis of the sheath tube 301. In this way, the position of the surgical instrument 202 can be positioned more accurately, improving the surgical precision. Alternatively, the pipe fitting 201 is configured such that the surgical instrument 202 is eccentrically disposed with respect to the central axis of the sheath tube 301, and the eccentricity range from the central axis is 0.02 mm to 0.04 mm, and can also be preferably 0.025 mm to 0.035 mm, and can also be preferably 0.03 mm.

[0144] In some embodiments, the surgical instrument 202 includes a shaft portion 27 and a tip structure 28. The cross-sectional shape and size of the shaft portion 27 of the surgical instrument 202 are adapted to the cross-sectional shape and size of the assembly passage 21. For example, the inner diameter of the assembly passage 21 is about 0.4 mm, and the outer diameter of the shaft portion 27 is about 0.4 mm. The assembly error between the assembly passage 21 and the shaft portion 27 is within the range of 0 to 0.03 mm to prevent the surgical instrument 202 from shaking or being unable to be assembled within the assembly passage 21, and improve the stability of the use of the surgical instrument 202.

[0145] In some embodiments, the lateral dimension of the tip structure 28 is larger than the size of the assembly opening 211, so that the tip structure 28 of the surgical instrument 202 can be limited outside the assembly opening 211 when the surgical instrument 202 is retracted. In some embodiments, the assembly opening 211 is arranged in a misaligned manner relative to the proximal side of the fluid outlet 222. When the surgical instrument 202 is retracted into the assembly passage 21, the distal end of the tip structure 28 of the surgical instrument 202 is flush with the fluid outlet 222. In some embodiments, the assembly opening 211 and the fluid outlet 222 are flush. When the surgical instrument 202 is retracted into the assembly passage 21, the tip structure 28 of the surgical instrument 202 protrudes from the distal end surface of the pipe fitting 201.

[0146] In some embodiments, the projection of the tip structure 28 in the axial direction is located on the distal surface 2011 of the pipe fitting 201, and this projection forms a gap or is adjacent to the fluid outlet 222. At this time, the fluid of the surgical instrument 202 and the fluid of the fluid outlet 222 are independent of each other.

[0147] Combined Figure 6B and Figure 6C As shown, in some embodiments, the projection of the tip structure 28 in the axial direction at least partially overlaps with the fluid outlet 222 to form a coincidence region N. The ratio of the coincidence region N to the effective area of the fluid outlet 222 ranges from 0.02 to 0.4, and can be preferably 0.038 to 0.33, can also be preferably 0.04 to 0.3, can also be preferably 0.1 to 0.2, can also be preferably 0.15; by respectively arranging the assembly passage 21 and the fluid passage 22, the assembly opening 211 and the fluid outlet 222 in the pipe fitting 201, the delivery of the surgical instrument 202 and the fluid can be independent of each other, and the effective area of the fluid outlet 222 is smaller than the effective cross-sectional area of the flow channel main body 221. Therefore, even if there is a coincidence region N, it can still effectively improve the injection impact force and the water injection flow rate of the fluid outlet 222, make the outgoing fluid form a concentrated and directional jet, does not affect the injection requirements, and can also effectively clean the surgical instrument 202 or / and clean the incision or / and the peeled area in real time.

[0148] Figure 16 FIG. 17 is a schematic structural view of the operation portion 5 of the treatment instrument 1 shown according to some embodiments of the present specification. Figure 17ASchematic of the operation of a partial structure of the treatment instrument 1 shown in some embodiments of this specification Figure 3 。 Figure 17B Schematic of the operation of a partial structure of the treatment instrument 1 shown in some embodiments of this specification Figure Four 。

[0149] Combined Figure 14 、 Figure 16 、 Figure 17A and Figure 17B As shown, in some embodiments, the treatment instrument 1 further includes an operation main body, an operation handle 501, an operation wire 502, and a connection member 503. The operation handle 501 is slidably connected to the operation main body and is located at the proximal end of the sheath tube 301. The proximal end of the operation wire 502 is connected to the operation handle 501, and the distal end is connected to the connection member 503. The proximal end of the surgical instrument 202 is fixed to the connection member 503. Exemplarily, the connection member 503 can be connected to the operation wire 502 and the surgical instrument 202 in various ways such as welding, bonding, and clamping. When the operation handle 501 makes a reciprocating motion, the operation wire 502 can pull the connection member 503 to make a reciprocating motion, thereby driving the surgical instrument 202 to slide within the assembly channel 21.

[0150] In some embodiments, the connection member 503 is configured as a tube, and the outer diameter of the connection member 503 is greater than the inner diameter of the assembly channel 21. When the operation wire 502 controls the surgical instrument 202 to extend out of the assembly channel 21, the distal end of the connection member 503 is limited outside the assembly channel 21, thereby limiting the maximum extension length of the surgical instrument 202 and improving surgical safety.

[0151] Since the operation wire 502 is disposed within the fluid chamber 31, the cross-sectional area of the operation wire 502 will affect the effective cross-sectional area of the fluid chamber 31. Based on this, in some embodiments, the cross-sectional area of the operation wire 502 is approximately 0.45 mm 2 , so that the operation wire 502 has a small cross-sectional area while ensuring the connection strength, and reduces the influence on the cross-sectional area of the fluid chamber 31. In addition, the operation wire 502 can be a smooth-surface wire or a coiled wire with a surface in a twist shape. Preferably, the operation wire 502 is selected as a smooth-surface wire or a coiled wire with a relatively flat surface to reduce the influence of the surface of the operation wire 502 on the fluid.

[0152] In some embodiments, the treatment instrument 1 further includes a filling port 504. The filling port 504 is provided at the proximal end of the sheath tube 301 (such as the operation main body of the operation part 5) and is used to connect to a pressure device (not shown in the figure). The filling port 504 is configured to be able to transfer pressurized fluid within a pressure range of 250 kPa to 750 kPa from the pressure device. In some embodiments, the pressure device can be a water pump, an air pump, a syringe, etc. Different types of pressure devices can provide different perfusion pressures. For example, a low-pressure water pump can provide a perfusion pressure of 290 kPa to 350 kPa to the filling port 504, and a high-pressure water pump can provide a perfusion pressure of 630 kPa to 700 kPa to the filling port 504. In some embodiments, the filling port 504 includes a Luer connector to improve the compatibility and reliability of the filling port 504.

[0153] In some embodiments, the treatment instrument 1 further includes a water injection tube 505. The proximal end of the water injection tube 505 is connected to the filling port 504, and the distal end extends into the fluid chamber 31, and is used to guide the fluid of the filling port 504 to the fluid chamber 31. In some cases, in order to adapt to the internal shapes of the operation part 5 and the sheath tube 301, the water injection tube 505 needs to be bent and redirected. Therefore, an arc transition is provided at the bent portion of the water injection tube 505 to reduce pressure loss.

[0154] In some embodiments, the treatment instrument 1 further includes a seal 506. The seal 506 is provided between the filling port 504 and the water injection tube 505 to increase the overall sealing performance.

[0155] In some embodiments, the treatment instrument 1 further includes an electrode base 4. The electrode base 4 is provided at the proximal end of the sheath tube 301 (such as the operation main body of the operation part 5). The electrode base 4 includes an active electrode and a passive electrode. One end of the operation wire 502 is electrically connected to the active electrode of the electrode base 4, and the other end is electrically connected to the surgical instrument 202. The active electrode supplies power to the surgical instrument 202. The surgical instrument 202 performs clinical operations on human tissues. The current enters the human tissues and then is led out and returned to the passive electrode via other components (such as a cooperating conductive tip cap, a conductive connecting portion 203, a return conductor 204, etc.), thereby forming an electric current loop.

[0156] Figure 18 is a schematic diagram of the distal structure of the treatment instrument 1 shown in some embodiments of this specification. Figure 19 is a schematic diagram of the distal structure of the treatment instrument 1 shown in some other embodiments of this specification.

[0157] As Figure 18As shown, the surgical instrument 202 includes a fluid passage 26 that extends from the proximal end to the distal end of the surgical instrument 202. The connecting member 503 is provided with a through hole 51 that communicates the fluid chamber 31 and the fluid passage 26. The fluid flows through the fluid chamber 31, the connecting member 503, and the fluid passage 26 in sequence and is ejected from the distal end of the surgical instrument 202. In some embodiments, the pipe member 201 is provided with a fluid passage 22, and a fluid passage 26 is further formed inside the surgical instrument 202. During injection, dual-hole injection can be achieved, thereby increasing the injection flow rate and improving the injection efficiency. In some practical application scenarios, when one of the fluid passage 22 and the fluid passage 26 is blocked, the other can still inject the fluid to improve the reliability of the treatment instrument 1. In some embodiments, only the pipe member 201 is provided with a fluid passage 22 for supplying the fluid, and the surgical instrument 202 has a solid structure. The fluid is mainly injected through the fluid passage 22. In some embodiments, the pipe member 201 only includes an assembly passage 21, and the pipe member 201 does not have a separate fluid passage 22. A fluid passage 26 is formed on the surgical instrument 202. The fluid is mainly injected through the fluid passage 26, making the overall structure more concentrated and facilitating the reduction of the radial dimension of the pipe member 201.

[0158] In some embodiments, the structure of the proximal end of the pipe member 201 as shown in Figure 19 can be adopted. The proximal end of the pipe member 201 is provided with one or more protrusions 29 extending toward the proximal end. When there are multiple protrusions 29, the multiple protrusions 29 are arranged at intervals in the circumferential direction. When the connecting member 503 abuts against the proximal end of the pipe member 201, the protrusions 29 abut against the distal end face of the connecting member 503, and a gap is formed between adjacent protrusions 29. At least this gap constitutes a fluid inlet 25 that allows the fluid to enter the fluid passage 22 of the pipe member 201. In this way, the connecting member 503 does not interfere with the fluid flowing into the fluid passage 22. When there is one protrusion 29, the protrusion 29 makes the proximal circumference of the pipe member 201 discontinuous to form a notch, and at least this notch forms the fluid inlet 25.

[0159] As Figure 19 shown, in some embodiments, the pipe member 201 includes a fluid passage 22 having a constant cross-sectional area to simplify the processing of the pipe member 201. In order to enable the fluid outlet 222 to have sufficient ejection pressure, the fluid passage 22 can be relatively narrow. For example, the cross-sectional area of the fluid passage 22 is much smaller than the cross-sectional area of the assembly passage 21.

[0160] Embodiment 3 of this specification further provides an operation method for the treatment instrument 1. This operation method can be applied to the treatment instrument 1 in any of the above embodiments. In some application scenarios, this operation method can be a method applied to a cutting knife.

[0161] Figure 20It is a schematic flowchart of the operation method of the treatment instrument 1 shown in some embodiments of this specification. Figures 21A to 21D It is a schematic structural diagram of the operation method of the treatment instrument 1 shown in some embodiments of this specification.

[0162] The operation method of the treatment instrument 1 in the third embodiment of this specification. This operation method includes process 2000, and process 2000 can be executed by the operation unit 5, specifically including:

[0163] Step 2010: Obtain the characteristic information of the target object 6, and determine the target marking position 601 based on the characteristic information.

[0164] In some embodiments, obtain the characteristic information of the target object 6. Among them, the target object 6 includes diseased tissues, lesion models, etc.; the characteristic information includes but is not limited to at least one of the boundary trajectory of the target object 6, the central point position of the target object 6, the estimated area of the target object 6, and the infiltration depth of the target object 6. In some embodiments, the image acquisition device (such as the front-end lens of the endoscope) of the treatment instrument 1 acquires an image of the target object 6, and the characteristic information of the target object 6 is calculated by the processor or judged manually.

[0165] In some embodiments, determine the target marking position 601 based on the characteristic information. Among them, the target marking position 601 is used to mark and highlight the target object 6. The target marking position 601 can be a circular trajectory position formed around the center of the target object 6 that can enclose the target object 6, or a trajectory position at a certain distance from the contour of the target object 6. For example, the trajectory position is 2 mm to 3 mm outside the contour of the target object 6.

[0166] Step 2020: Operate the surgical instrument 202 of the treatment instrument 1 to be positioned at the target marking position 601 and perform marking.

[0167] In some embodiments, position the surgical instrument 202 at the target marking position 601, pass an electric current into the surgical instrument 202, and make the surgical instrument 202 mark the target object 6 at the target marking position 601. In some embodiments, the surgical instrument 202 can perform dot marking or line marking along the target marking position 601.

[0168] In some embodiments, when the surgical instrument 202 performs the marking action, the surgical instrument 202 is in the retracted position relative to the pipe fitting 201 of the treatment instrument 1, and the tip structure 28 of the surgical instrument 202 protrudes from the assembly port 211 of the pipe fitting 201 to reduce the compression or damage to the surrounding healthy tissues and improve the marking accuracy of the surgical instrument 202.

[0169] Step 2030: Determine the target pre-cut position based on the target marking position 601.

[0170] In some embodiments, based on the target marking position 601, the target pre-cutting position is calculated by a processor or manually judged. The target pre-cutting position includes, but is not limited to, at least one of a target pre-cutting entry point position, a target pre-cutting width, a target pre-cutting entry depth, and a target pre-cutting entry angle. In some embodiments, the target pre-cutting position may be located 2 mm outside the target marking position 601.

[0171] Step 2040: Operate the surgical instrument 202 to pre-cut the target object 6 along the target pre-cutting position, and form a pre-incision 602 on the target object 6.

[0172] In some embodiments, the surgical instrument 202 is operated through the operating part 5 to extend relative to the pipe fitting 201 of the treatment instrument 1 to an operating position. The operating position refers to a position where the surgical instrument 202 extends to a position where it can directly contact or act on the target pre-cutting position and can perform a predetermined cutting operation. In some embodiments, the operating position includes, but is not limited to, the extreme position where the surgical instrument 202 extends or any position before the extreme position.

[0173] In some embodiments, the surgical instrument 202 is powered on to cut out the pre-incision 602 along the target pre-cutting position.

[0174] Step 2050: Inject fluid into the pre-incision 602 through the fluid chamber 31 and the fluid channel 22 of the treatment instrument 1 to make the target object 6 bulge.

[0175] In some embodiments, the surgical instrument 202 is in a retracted position relative to the pipe fitting 201 of the treatment instrument 1, where the retracted position refers to a position where the tip structure 28 of the surgical instrument 202 abuts against the assembly port 211.

[0176] In some embodiments, the fluid outlet 222 of the fluid channel 22 is operated through the operating part 5 to abut against the pre-incision 602, so that the fluid outlet 222 enters the pre-incision 602.

[0177] In some embodiments, fluid is injected into the fluid chamber 31 and the fluid channel 22. The fluid includes, but is not limited to, physiological saline, other drug solutions, or gases such as CO2. The fluid is injected through the pre-incision 602 under the target object 6 to make the target object 6 bulge.

[0178] In some embodiments, the injection of fluid is stopped based on the bulging degree of the target object 6. For example, the operator can judge according to experience whether the bulging degree of the target object 6 meets the resection requirement. If it does not meet the resection requirement, the fluid can be continuously injected. If it meets the resection requirement, the injection of fluid is stopped.

[0179] Step 2060: Operate the surgical instrument 202 to cut according to the target marking position 601 and separate the target object 6.

[0180] In some embodiments, after the target object 6 bulges, operate the surgical instrument 202 to extend out of the assembly channel 21 through the operation part 5. Then, energize the surgical instrument 202 and operate the surgical instrument 202 to cut into the lower layer of the target object 6 along the target marking position 601 to separate the target object 6.

[0181] In some embodiments, during the cutting process of the surgical instrument 202 according to the target marking position, it is possible to switch to supplement and inject fluid into the lower layer of the target object through the fluid chamber and fluid channel of the treatment instrument 1. Injection can be supplemented in real time according to the bulging situation to maintain an effective bulging state, without the need to replace the instrument, with high efficiency.

[0182] In some embodiments, the method of the treatment instrument 1 further includes: operating the surgical instrument 202 to extend out of the assembly port 211 of the pipe fitting 201 of the treatment instrument 1, and the axial length of the surgical instrument 202 exposed at the assembly port 211 is within a preset range. In some embodiments, the transition flow channel 223 includes a guiding inclined surface 2233, and the guiding inclined surface 2233 is configured such that the injection path of the fluid outlet 222 forms an intersection point P with the axis of the assembly port 211, and the above preset range can be a position interval including the intersection point P.

[0183] In some embodiments, inject fluid into the fluid chamber 31 and the fluid channel 22, and form a jet flow through the fluid outlet 222, and then wash the surgical instrument 202 and / or the cutting / stripping site. For example, when the distal end of the surgical instrument 202 is on the proximal side of the intersection point P, the jet flow is used to wash the stripping site to make the surgical position clearer and facilitate the operator to observe the resection situation. For another example, when the distal end of the surgical instrument 202 is on the distal side of the intersection point P, the jet flow is used to wash the carbonized tissue debris of the attachments on the surgical instrument 202 to ensure the performance of the cutting knife.

[0184] The beneficial effects that may be brought by the embodiments of the present application include but are not limited to:

[0185] (1) By respectively arranging an assembly channel and a fluid channel in the pipe fitting, the transportation of the surgical instrument and the fluid is independent of each other and does not interfere with each other.

[0186] (2) The effective area of the fluid outlet of the fluid channel of the pipe fitting is smaller than the effective cross-sectional area of the main flow channel, which can improve the injection impact force and water injection flow rate of the fluid outlet, make the outgoing fluid form a concentrated and directional jet flow, thereby improving the bulging effect of the target object (such as mucosa) and increasing the surgical success rate.

[0187] (3) The transition channel includes a guiding inclined surface, which is configured such that the ejection path of the fluid outlet forms an intersection with the axis of the assembly port, and the distance between this intersection and the assembly port enables the fluid to be ejected onto the surgical instrument or slightly beyond the tip of the surgical instrument, achieving the flushing of the surgical instrument or the target object and improving the surgical effect.

[0188] (4) In the axial direction of the pipe fitting, there is a first preset distance between the fluid outlet and the assembly port, that is, the fluid outlet and the assembly port are arranged axially offset along the pipe fitting. For example, the fluid outlet is arranged closer to the distal end relative to the assembly port. When the surgical instrument is retracted into the pipe fitting, the distal end of the surgical instrument is flush or substantially flush with the fluid outlet, which can avoid the interference of the tip structure of the surgical instrument with the fluid ejected from the fluid outlet, enabling the fluid outlet to eject concentrated and jet-like fluid to meet the requirements of cleaning and swelling of the target object.

[0189] (5) In the radial direction of the pipe fitting, there is a second preset distance between the fluid outlet and the assembly port. By setting the second preset distance, the tip structure of the surgical instrument can avoid blocking the fluid outlet or forming interference with the boss where the fluid outlet is located when retracted into the pipe fitting; even if there is some blockage, it hardly affects the injection.

[0190] (6) By setting slots in the intermediate wall between the assembly channel and the channel body, the space occupied by the intermediate wall can be minimized as much as possible, enabling the fluid channel and the assembly channel to communicate from the side wall, increasing the cross-sectional area of the fluid channel, and thus improving the injection flow rate.

[0191] (7) By making the effective cross-sectional area of the fluid chamber greater than or equal to the effective cross-sectional area of the channel body of the pipe fitting, and the effective area of the fluid outlet of the fluid channel of the pipe fitting less than the effective cross-sectional area of the channel body, the flow pressure and flow velocity in the fluid chamber and the fluid channel can be improved, the injection impact force and the water injection flow rate of the fluid outlet can be increased, and the ejected fluid can form a concentrated and directional jet, thereby improving the swelling effect of the target object (such as mucous membrane) and increasing the surgical success rate.

[0192] (8) The pipe fitting is configured such that the surgical instrument is located on the central axis of the sheath tube or slightly offset, so that the position of the surgical instrument can be more accurately positioned, improving the surgical precision.

[0193] (9) The pipe fitting is provided with a fluid channel, and a fluid passage is also formed inside the surgical instrument. Double-hole injection can be achieved during injection, thereby increasing the injection flow rate and improving the injection efficiency.

[0194] It should be noted that the beneficial effects that may be produced by different embodiments are different. In different embodiments, the beneficial effects that may be produced can be a combination of any one or several of the above, or any other beneficial effects that may be obtained.

[0195] The basic concepts have been described above. Obviously, for those skilled in the art, the above detailed disclosure is only an example and does not constitute a limitation to this specification. Although not explicitly stated here, those skilled in the art may make various modifications, improvements, and corrections to this specification. Such modifications, improvements, and corrections are suggested in this specification, so such modifications, improvements, and corrections still fall within the spirit and scope of the exemplary embodiments of this specification.

[0196] At the same time, this specification uses specific terms to describe the embodiments of this specification. Such as "one embodiment", "an embodiment", and / or "some embodiments" mean a certain feature, structure, or characteristic related to at least one embodiment of this specification. Therefore, it should be emphasized and noted that the "one embodiment" or "an embodiment" or "an alternative embodiment" mentioned twice or more at different positions in this specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment. In addition, certain features, structures, or characteristics in one or more embodiments of this specification can be appropriately combined.

[0197] Similarly, it should be noted that, in order to simplify the expression of the disclosure of this specification and thus help the understanding of one or more embodiments, in the previous description of the embodiments of this specification, sometimes multiple features are grouped into one embodiment, drawing, or description thereof. However, this disclosure method does not mean that the features required by the subject of this specification are more than those mentioned in the claims. In fact, the features of the embodiments are fewer than all the features of the individual embodiments disclosed above.

[0198] In some embodiments, numbers are used to describe the components and the quantity of attributes. It should be understood that such numbers used for the description of the embodiments are, in some examples, modified by the modifiers "about", "approximate", or "substantially". Unless otherwise stated, "about", "approximate", or "substantially" indicate that the said numbers allow a variation of ±20%. Accordingly, in some embodiments, the numerical parameters used in the specification and claims are approximate values, and such approximate values may change according to the characteristics required by individual embodiments. In some embodiments, the numerical parameters should consider the specified significant digits and adopt the method of retaining the general number of digits. Although the numerical ranges and parameters used in some embodiments of this specification to confirm the breadth of their scope are approximate values, in specific embodiments, the setting of such numerical values is as precise as possible within the feasible range.

[0199] Finally, it should be understood that the embodiments described in this specification are only used to illustrate the principles of the embodiments of this specification. Other deformations may also fall within the scope of this specification. Therefore, by way of example and not limitation, alternative configurations of the embodiments of this specification can be considered to be consistent with the teachings of this specification. Accordingly, the embodiments of this specification are not limited to the embodiments explicitly introduced and described in this specification.

Claims

1. A pipe fitting for a disposal appliance, characterized in that, Comprising: An assembly channel that penetrates from the proximal end to the distal end of the pipe fitting, and the distal end of the assembly channel includes an assembly port that allows a surgical instrument to protrude; A fluid channel that penetrates from the proximal end to the distal end of the pipe fitting. The fluid channel includes a flow channel body and a fluid outlet from the proximal end to the distal end, and the effective area of the fluid outlet is smaller than the effective cross-sectional area of the flow channel body.

2. The pipe fitting for a treatment device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The effective cross-sectional area of the fluid channel decreases at least partially according to a second preset functional relationship from the proximal end to the distal end; Or / and, The effective cross-sectional area of the fluid channel decreases at least partially in a stepped manner or / and at least partially in a stepless manner from the proximal end to the distal end.

3. The pipe fitting for a treatment instrument according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fluid channel further includes a transition flow channel provided between the flow channel body and the fluid outlet, and the effective cross-sectional area of the transition flow channel decreases at least partially according to a first preset functional relationship from the proximal end to the distal end; Or / and, The effective cross-sectional area of the transition flow channel decreases at least partially in a stepped manner or / and at least partially in a stepless manner from the proximal end to the distal end.

4. The pipe fitting for a disposing appliance according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fluid channel further includes a transition flow channel provided between the flow channel body and the fluid outlet, and the effective cross-sectional area of the transition flow channel is at least partially constant from the proximal end to the distal end.

5. The pipe fitting for a treatment instrument according to claim 1, characterized in that, The ratio range of the effective cross-sectional area of the flow channel body to the effective area of the fluid outlet is 4 to 8.

6. The pipe fitting for a treatment device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The distal end of the pipe fitting is a flat surface, and the fluid outlet and the assembly port are coplanarly arranged.

7. The pipe fitting for a treatment device according to claim 1, characterized in that, Both the assembly port and the fluid outlet are eccentrically arranged relative to the central axis of the pipe fitting; or, One of the assembly port and the fluid outlet is located on the central axis of the pipe fitting, and the other is eccentrically arranged relative to the central axis of the pipe fitting.

8. The pipe fitting for a treatment instrument according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the axial direction of the pipe fitting, there is a first preset distance between the fluid outlet and the assembly port, and the fluid outlet is arranged closer to the distal end relative to the assembly port; The first preset distance is configured such that the difference from the axial dimension of the tip structure of the surgical instrument is within a preset difference range.

9. The pipe fitting for a disposal appliance according to claim 8, wherein, A boss is provided on the distal surface of the pipe fitting, and the fluid outlet is provided on the boss; or, A groove is provided on the distal surface of the pipe fitting, and the groove is configured to at least partially accommodate the tip structure of the surgical instrument, and the assembly port is provided in the groove.

10. The pipe fitting for a treatment device according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the radial direction of the pipe fitting, there is a second preset distance between the fluid outlet and the assembly port, and the second preset distance is configured to be greater than or equal to the characteristic dimension of the tip structure of the surgical instrument; The characteristic dimension is the dimension of the part of the tip structure that protrudes radially from the assembly port and is located between the fluid outlet and the assembly port.

11. The pipe fitting for a treatment device according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the radial direction of the pipe fitting, there is a second preset distance between the fluid outlet and the assembly port, and the second preset distance is configured to be smaller than the characteristic dimension of the tip structure of the surgical instrument; The characteristic dimension is the dimension of the part of the tip structure that protrudes radially from the assembly port and is located between the fluid outlet and the assembly port.

12. The pipe fitting for a treatment device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fluid channel further includes a transition channel, which is provided between the channel body and the fluid outlet. The transition channel includes a guide surface, and the guide surface is configured to make the injection path of the fluid outlet parallel to the axis of the assembly port.

13. The pipe fitting for a treatment instrument according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fluid channel also includes a transition channel, which is arranged between the channel body and the fluid outlet. The transition channel includes a proximal section and a distal section. The effective cross-sectional area of the proximal section decreases from the proximal end to the distal end according to a third preset functional relationship, and the effective cross-sectional area of the distal section remains constant from the proximal end to the distal end or increases according to a fourth preset functional relationship.

14. The pipe fitting for a treatment device according to claim 13, wherein, The transition channel includes a guide slope, which is configured to make the injection path of the fluid outlet form an intersection with the axis of the assembly port, and the intersection is located outside the assembly port and the interval between the intersection and the assembly port is configured to be within a preset range.

15. The pipe fitting for a treatment instrument according to claim 1, characterized in that, The flow channel body has a circular segment cross section, and the assembly channel is located on the chord surface side or the concave side of the circular segment cross section.

16. The pipe fitting for a treatment instrument according to claim 1, wherein, An intermediate wall is included between the assembly channel and the flow channel body, at least a portion of the intermediate wall forms a slot, the slot extends in a direction from the proximal end to the distal end of the pipe, the proximal end of the slot is located at the proximal end of the pipe, and a third preset distance is provided between the distal end of the slot and the distal end of the pipe; and / or, The wall thickness of the intermediate wall is smaller than the wall thickness of the tube wall of the tube.

17. A disposal appliance, characterized in that, The treatment device comprises a sheath tube and a tube for the treatment device according to any one of claims 1 to 16, wherein the tube is arranged at the distal end of the sheath tube; The sheath tube includes a channel, the channel includes a fluid chamber, the distal end of the fluid chamber is connected to the proximal end of the fluid channel of the tube, and the effective cross-sectional area of the fluid chamber is greater than or equal to the effective cross-sectional area of the flow channel body of the tube.

18. The treatment instrument according to claim 17, wherein, The sheath tube further comprises an assembly chamber, the tube is built in the assembly chamber, the proximal end of the fluid channel comprises a fluid inlet, and the fluid inlet is communicated with the fluid chamber; The distal end of the fluid chamber is mated with the proximal interface of the assembly chamber, and the assembly chamber at least partially accommodates the pipe, or, The distal end of the fluid chamber is matingly docked with the fluid inlet interface.

19. The treatment instrument according to claim 17 or 18, characterized in that, The ratio of the effective cross-sectional area of the fluid chamber to the effective cross-sectional area of the flow channel body is in the range of 1-3; or / and, the ratio of the effective cross-sectional area of the fluid chamber to the effective area of the fluid outlet of the pipe is in the range of 9-20.

20. The treatment device according to claim 17, wherein, The tube is at least partially accommodated in the channel of the sheath tube, and the end face of the distal end of the tube protrudes from the end face of the distal end of the sheath tube, or the end face of the distal end of the tube is flush with the end face of the distal end of the sheath tube, or the end face of the distal end of the tube is recessed into the end face of the distal end of the sheath tube.

21. The treatment instrument according to claim 17, wherein, The outer surface of the sheath tube is provided with a connecting portion, the connecting portion and the projection of the pipe in the radial direction at least partially overlap to form a connecting area, and the connecting portion is fastened to the outer surface of the sheath tube to press against the sheath tube and the pipe.

22. The treatment instrument according to claim 21, wherein, The connecting portion is fastened to the outer surface of the sheath tube by rotary forging.

23. The treatment instrument according to claim 21, wherein The connecting portion is a first electrode.

24. The treatment instrument according to claim 21, wherein, The treatment instrument includes a second electrode, and the connecting portion and the second electrode form a bipolar pair.

25. The treatment instrument according to claim 17, wherein, The treatment instrument further includes a surgical instrument, the surgical instrument includes a tip structure, the surgical instrument is slidably disposed in the assembly passage of the pipe fitting, and the projection of the tip structure in the axial direction is located on the distal surface of the pipe fitting, and the projection is spaced from or adjacent to the fluid outlet.

26. The treatment instrument according to claim 17, wherein The treatment instrument further includes a surgical instrument, the surgical instrument includes a tip structure, the surgical instrument is slidably disposed in the assembly passage of the pipe fitting, and the projection of the surgical instrument in the axial direction at least partially overlaps with the fluid outlet to form an overlapping area.

27. The treatment instrument according to claim 26, characterized in that, The ratio range of the overlapping area to the effective area of the fluid outlet is 0.02 to 0.

4.

28. The treatment instrument according to claim 17, wherein, The treatment instrument further includes a surgical instrument, the surgical instrument is slidably disposed in the assembly passage of the pipe fitting, the pipe fitting is configured such that the surgical instrument is located on the central axis of the sheath, or the pipe fitting is configured such that the surgical instrument is eccentrically disposed relative to the central axis of the sheath.

29. The treatment instrument according to claim 17, wherein The treatment instrument further includes an operating handle, an operating wire and a connecting member, the operating handle is disposed at the proximal end of the sheath, the proximal end of the operating wire is connected to the operating handle, the distal end is connected to the connecting member, and the proximal end of the surgical instrument is fixed to the connecting member; The surgical instrument is of a solid structure or includes a fluid passage; When the surgical instrument includes the fluid passage, the fluid passage penetrates from the proximal end to the distal end of the surgical instrument, and a through hole is provided on the connecting member, and the through hole communicates the fluid chamber and the fluid passage.

30. The treatment instrument according to claim 17, wherein, The treatment instrument further includes a filling port, the filling port is disposed at the proximal end of the sheath and is used to connect a pressure device, and the filling port is configured to be able to transmit pressurized fluid within a pressure range of 250 kPa to 750 kPa from the pressure device.

Images