Pyrolysis system and online ash removal device thereof

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of pyrolysis, and discloses a pyrolysis system and an online ash removal device thereof. According to the online ash removal device, a slag removal piston is arranged in an ash removal pipe; when the slag removal piston moves along the ash removal pipe, impurities attached to the inner wall of the ash removal pipe are scraped and pushed away; the push rod is arranged in the ash removal pipe and connected with the slag removal piston; the first end of the push rod extends out of the first end of the ash removal pipe; the push rod is used for driving the deslagging piston to reciprocate; the second end of the ash removal pipe is provided with an air outlet. The pyrolysis system adopts the online ash removal device. The pyrolysis reactor is provided with a pyrolysis reactor body and a gravity settling pipe connected with the pyrolysis reactor body; an air outlet of the gravity settling pipe is connected with an air inlet of the ash removal pipe. According to the technical scheme, the push rod pushes the slag removal piston to reciprocate to scrape impurities attached to the inner wall of the ash removal pipe, and the impurities are pushed away and discharged; and dust and coke blocks in the pyrolysis gas pipeline are regularly cleaned without shutdown, so that the continuous and stable operation of the pyrolysis system is ensured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of pyrolysis, and particularly relates to a pyrolysis system and an on-line dust cleaning device thereof. Background Technique

[0002] Pyrolysis is a process of heating and decomposing organic solid waste under anaerobic or anoxic conditions. This process is a complex chemical reaction process, including reactions such as bond breaking of macromolecules, isomerization, and polymerization of small molecules, and finally generating various smaller molecules.

[0003] The pyrolysis of solid waste has the following advantages compared with incineration:

[0004] (1) The organic matter in the solid waste can be converted into stored energy substances mainly composed of fuel gas, fuel oil, and carbon black;

[0005] (2) Due to the anaerobic decomposition, the exhaust gas volume is small, which is beneficial to reducing the secondary pollution to the atmospheric environment;

[0006] (3) Most of the harmful components such as sulfur and heavy metals in the waste are fixed in the carbon black;

[0007] (4) Due to maintaining a reducing condition, Cr 3+ will not be converted into Cr 6+ ;

[0008] (5) The generation amount of NO x is small.

[0009] Therefore, the pyrolysis technology is widely used in the treatment and disposal of biomass, oil sludge, industrial waste, hazardous waste, and other fields.

[0010] However, there are some technical problems in biomass pyrolysis. For example, the pyrolysis gas contains a certain amount of tar, dust, and water vapor, which are easy to block the pipeline in the pyrolysis gas purification link. Content of the Utility Model

[0011] The utility model provides a pyrolysis system and an on-line dust cleaning device thereof to solve the above technical problem that the pipeline is easy to be blocked in the pyrolysis gas purification link of the prior art.

[0012] According to the first aspect of the utility model, an on-line dust cleaning device is provided, including:

[0013] A dust cleaning pipe;

[0014] A slag removal piston, which is arranged in the dust cleaning pipe and is adapted to the inner wall of the dust cleaning pipe; when the slag removal piston moves along the dust cleaning pipe, it scrapes off the impurities attached to the inner wall of the dust cleaning pipe and pushes them away; and

[0015] The push rod is arranged inside the dust cleaning pipe and is connected to the slag removal piston. The first end of the push rod extends out of the first end of the dust cleaning pipe. The push rod is used to drive the slag removal piston to reciprocate.

[0016] Wherein, the second end of the dust cleaning pipe is set as the air outlet, and the dust cleaning pipe is provided with an air inlet.

[0017] Preferably, the push rod is hermetically connected to the first end of the dust cleaning pipe. The first end of the push rod is connected to a driving unit, and the driving unit drives the push rod to reciprocate in the form of hydraulic pressure or air pressure; and / or

[0018] The slag removal piston is provided with air permeable holes, and the air permeable holes are used to communicate the gas paths at both ends of the slag removal piston.

[0019] Preferably, the air inlet of the dust cleaning pipe is opened on the side of the dust cleaning pipe and is close to the first end of the dust cleaning pipe; and / or

[0020] The air outlet of the dust cleaning pipe is provided with an inclined cut, and the opening of the inclined cut faces downward for discharging slag.

[0021] Preferably, the on-line dust cleaning device includes:

[0022] A gas purging unit having a blowing nozzle opened on the wall of the dust cleaning pipe body, and the blowing nozzle faces the air outlet of the dust cleaning pipe.

[0023] Preferably, the gas purging unit includes:

[0024] An air source;

[0025] A plurality of the blowing nozzles, which are connected to the air source; and

[0026] A solenoid valve, which is arranged on the pipeline between the air source and the blowing nozzle; the solenoid valve is used to control the blowing nozzle to purge the dust cleaning pipe.

[0027] According to the second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a pyrolysis system, including:

[0028] The on-line dust cleaning device as described in any one of the above; and

[0029] A pyrolysis reactor having a pyrolysis reactor body and a gravity settling pipe connected to the pyrolysis reactor body;

[0030] Wherein, the air outlet of the gravity settling pipe is connected to the air inlet of the dust cleaning pipe.

[0031] Preferably, the gravity settling pipe includes:

[0032] A settling pipe body;

[0033] Wherein, a corrugated pipe for eliminating thermal expansion stress is connected to the settling pipe body.

[0034] Preferably, the diameter of the sedimentation tube body is larger than that of the dust cleaning tube. A reduced-diameter tube for increasing the pyrolysis gas flow rate is provided at the end of the sedimentation tube body. The large end of the reduced-diameter tube is connected to the end of the sedimentation tube body, and the small end of the reduced-diameter tube is connected to the air inlet of the dust cleaning tube; and / or

[0035] The pyrolysis gas flow rate in the gravity sedimentation tube is 1-2 m / s, and the pyrolysis gas flow rate in the dust cleaning tube is 8-10 m / s.

[0036] Preferably, a heating unit is arranged outside the gravity sedimentation tube; and / or

[0037] A heat insulation layer is arranged outside the gravity sedimentation tube and / or the dust cleaning tube.

[0038] Preferably, the pyrolysis system includes:

[0039] A spray tower;

[0040] Wherein, the spray tower has a spray tower main body. An eliminator and a water inlet unit are sequentially arranged in the spray tower main body from top to bottom; an air inlet is formed on the side surface of the spray tower below the water inlet unit, and the air outlet of the dust cleaning tube is connected to the air inlet of the spray tower.

[0041] In the technical solution of the present utility model, during the reciprocating movement of the push rod to drive the slag removal piston, impurities attached to the inner wall of the dust cleaning tube are scraped off and the scraped impurities are pushed away and discharged; it realizes the regular cleaning of dust and coke blocks in the pyrolysis gas pipeline without stopping the machine, so as to ensure the continuous and stable operation of the pyrolysis system.

[0042] In the pyrolysis system, the structural design of the gravity sedimentation tube is beneficial to the gravity sedimentation of dust, reducing dust overflow from the source. Description of the Drawings

[0043] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an on-line dust cleaning device in an embodiment;

[0044] Figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a gas purging unit in an embodiment;

[0045] Figure 3 、 Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the driving unit driving the slag removal piston to reciprocate in an embodiment;

[0046] Figure 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a slag removal piston in the form of a piston ring in an embodiment;

[0047] Figure 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a pyrolysis system in an embodiment;

[0048] Reference Numerals:

[0049] 1 - Online dust cleaning device; 11 - Driving unit; 12 - Gas purging unit; 121 - Solenoid valve; 122 - Blowing nozzle; 13 - Slag removal piston; 14 - Multi - stage packing seal; 15 - Push rod; 16 - Dust cleaning pipe; 2 - Spray tower; 21 - Demister; 22 - Water inlet unit; 3 - Pyrolysis reactor; 31 - Gravity settling pipe; 311 - Bellows; 312 - Settling pipe body; 313 - Heating unit; 314 - Reducing pipe; 4 - Control cabinet; 5 - Thermal insulation layer. Detailed Embodiments

[0050] It should be noted that, without conflict, the embodiments and features in the embodiments of the present utility model can be combined with each other. The present utility model will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings and in combination with the embodiments.

[0051] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the solution of the present utility model, the technical solution in an embodiment will be clearly and completely described below in combination with the drawings in an embodiment. Obviously, the described embodiment is only a part of the embodiments of the present utility model, rather than all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0052] It should be noted that the terms "first", "second", etc. in the present utility model are used to distinguish similar objects, and do not necessarily need to be used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such data can be interchanged under appropriate circumstances so as to describe the embodiments of the present utility model here. In addition, the terms "comprising" and "having" and any variations thereof are intended to cover non - exclusive inclusion. For example, a process, method, system, product or device comprising a series of steps or units does not necessarily have to be limited to those steps or units clearly listed, but may include other steps or units not clearly listed or inherent to these processes, methods, products or devices.

[0053] It should be understood that when an element (such as a layer, film, region, or substrate) is described as being "on" another element, the element can be directly on the other element, or there can also be an intermediate element. Moreover, in the present utility model, when it is described that an element is "connected" to another element, the element can be "directly connected" to the other element, or "connected" to the other element through a third element.

[0054] Embodiment 1

[0055] Please refer to Figures 1-5, this embodiment provides an on-line dust cleaning device 1, including: a dust cleaning pipe 16, a slag removal piston 13, and a push rod 15; the slag removal piston 13 is arranged in the dust cleaning pipe 16 and is adapted to the inner wall of the dust cleaning pipe 16; when the slag removal piston 13 moves along the dust cleaning pipe 16, it scrapes off the impurities attached to the inner wall of the dust cleaning pipe 16 and pushes them away; the push rod 15 is arranged in the dust cleaning pipe 16 and is connected to the slag removal piston 13, and the first end of the push rod 15 extends out of the first end of the dust cleaning pipe 16; the push rod 15 is used to drive the slag removal piston 13 to reciprocate; wherein, the second end of the dust cleaning pipe 16 is set as an air outlet, and the dust cleaning pipe 16 is provided with an air inlet.

[0056] During the operation of the above on-line dust cleaning device 1, the driving unit 11 drives the push rod 15 to reciprocate along the dust cleaning pipe 16 (such as Figure 3 , Figure 4 ), and then drives the slag removal piston 13 to reciprocate to scrape off the impurities attached to the inner wall of the dust cleaning pipe 16 (i.e., scraping the wall) and push the scraped impurities away and discharge them.

[0057] In one embodiment, the push rod 15 is hermetically connected to the first end of the dust cleaning pipe 16, and preferably a multi-stage packing seal 14 is adopted to ensure that the pyrolysis gas does not overflow. The first end of the push rod 15 is connected to the driving unit 11, and the driving unit 11 drives the push rod 15 to reciprocate in the form of hydraulic pressure or air pressure.

[0058] In one embodiment, the slag removal piston is provided with ventilation holes, and the ventilation holes are used to connect the gas paths at both ends of the slag removal piston to prevent the gas path from being blocked during on-line dust cleaning of the slag removal piston. Preferably, the ventilation holes are opened on the slag removal piston body (can be in the center), and multiple ventilation holes are opened, and the multiple ventilation holes can be evenly arranged. Preferably, the form of the slag removal piston is a piston ring, and the center of the piston ring is connected to the second end of the push rod 15; the piston ring has ventilation holes inside, which are air flow channels, such as Figure 5 .

[0059] In one embodiment, the air inlet of the dust cleaning pipe 16 is opened on the side of the dust cleaning pipe 16 and is close to the first end of the dust cleaning pipe 16; at this time, the flow path of the pyrolysis gas in the dust cleaning pipe 16 is longer. Preferably, the dust cleaning pipe 16 is set as a horizontal pipe.

[0060] In one embodiment, the air outlet of the dust cleaning pipe 16 is provided with an inclined cut (preferably 45°), and the opening of the inclined cut faces downward for slag discharge. In addition, it can also prevent the spray water (the spray water comes from the spray tower 2, see below) from flowing back into the dust cleaning pipe 16 and is conducive to the push rod 15 to discharge slag.

[0061] In one embodiment, such as Figure 2, the on-line dust cleaning device 1 includes a gas purging unit 12; the gas purging unit 12 is arranged near the air outlet of the dust cleaning pipe 16. The gas purging unit 12 has a blowing nozzle 122 opened on the wall of the dust cleaning pipe 16, and the blowing nozzle 122 faces the air outlet of the dust cleaning pipe 16. Specifically, the gas purging unit 12 includes: a gas source, a plurality of blowing nozzles 122 and a solenoid valve 121; the blowing nozzle 122 is connected to the gas source; the solenoid valve 121 is arranged on the pipeline between the gas source and the blowing nozzle 122; the solenoid valve 121 is used to control the blowing nozzle 122 to purge the dust cleaning pipe 16. Preferably, a plurality of blowing nozzles 122 are arranged around the outer diameter of the dust cleaning pipe 16 and evenly distributed; the gas source of the gas purging unit 12 is set as nitrogen. Preferably, the solenoid valve 121 purges regularly, and blows the dust and impurities on the inner surface of the dust cleaning pipe 16 into the spray tower 2 (see below for details). More preferably, the nitrogen purge operates once every 10 - 30 minutes, and the slag removal piston 13 operates once every 60 - 120 minutes.

[0062] The on-line dust cleaning device 1 of the present utility model can regularly clean the dust and coke lumps in the pyrolysis gas pipeline without stopping the machine, so as to ensure the continuous and stable operation of the pyrolysis system.

[0063] Embodiment Two

[0064] Please refer to Figures 1-6 , this embodiment provides a pyrolysis system, including: a pyrolysis reactor 3, the on-line dust cleaning device 1 as described in any one of Embodiment One; wherein, the pyrolysis reactor 3 has a pyrolysis reactor 3 body and a gravity settling pipe 31 connected to the pyrolysis reactor 3 body; the air outlet of the gravity settling pipe 31 is connected to the air inlet of the dust cleaning pipe 16.

[0065] In one embodiment, the commonly used equipment forms of the pyrolysis reactor 3 are rotary kiln, screw, and chain plate, and the oxygen-free heating method is adopted. The gravity settling pipe 31 for air outlet on the pyrolysis reactor 3 adopts a large-diameter pipe to control the pyrolysis gas flow rate, which can play a role in gravity settling and minimize the fly ash overflow.

[0066] In one embodiment, the gravity settling pipe 31 includes a settling pipe body 312; a bellows 311 for eliminating thermal expansion stress is connected to the settling pipe body 312. Preferably, the gravity settling pipe 31 is set as a riser pipe; the bellows 311 is a flexible connection, which can effectively eliminate the stress of thermal expansion.

[0067] In one embodiment, the diameter of the settling pipe body 312 is larger than that of the dust cleaning pipe 16, and a reduced-diameter pipe 314 for increasing the pyrolysis gas flow rate is provided at the end of the settling pipe body 312. The large end of the reduced-diameter pipe 314 is connected to the end of the settling pipe body 312, and the small end of the reduced-diameter pipe 314 is connected to the air inlet of the dust cleaning pipe 16.

[0068] In one embodiment, the total height of the gravity settling pipe 31 is 1 to 2 m, and the pyrolysis gas flow rate inside the gravity settling pipe 31 is 1 to 2 m / s. Due to the structure of the reduced-diameter pipe 314, the pyrolysis gas flow rate inside the dust cleaning pipe 16 can be increased to 8 to 10 m / s, which can reduce the gravitational settlement of dust in the horizontal dust cleaning pipe 16.

[0069] In one embodiment, a heating unit 313 is provided outside the gravity settling pipe 31. Electric heating is preferably used to prevent the pyrolysis gas from condensing and dew-forming in the pipeline, causing adhesion and blockage. Preferably, in the gravity settling pipe 31, electric heating is provided in the straight pipe section above the flexible connection.

[0070] In one embodiment, heat insulation measures are taken for the gravity settling pipe 31 and / or the dust cleaning pipe 16 to prevent oil and gas from condensing and adhering to dust, causing blockage. Preferably, a heat insulation layer 5 is provided outside the gravity settling pipe 31 and / or the dust cleaning pipe 16; the heat insulation material can be aluminosilicate rock wool, and the thickness of the heat insulation layer 5 is 100 to 150 mm.

[0071] In one embodiment, the pyrolysis system includes a spray tower 2; the spray tower 2 has a spray tower 2 main body, and an entrainment separator 21 and a water inlet unit 22 are sequentially provided inside the spray tower 2 main body from top to bottom; an air inlet is opened on the side of the spray tower 2 below the water inlet unit 22, and the air outlet of the dust cleaning pipe 16 is connected to the air inlet of the spray tower 2. Preferably, the air outlet at the second end of the dust cleaning pipe 16 is inserted into the spray tower 2 by 1 / 3, the end of the pipe orifice is cut obliquely (preferably at 45°) and faces downward, which can prevent the spray water from flowing back into the pipeline and is conducive to the slag pushing rod 15 discharging the slag into the spray tower 2.

[0072] In one embodiment, the pyrolysis system includes a supporting control cabinet 4; the control cabinet 4 is used to control the slag removal piston 13 and the solenoid valve 121. The solenoid valve 121 operates once every 10 to 30 minutes for a nitrogen purge; the push rod 15 and the slag removal piston 13 operate once every 60 to 120 minutes to scrape off the impurities adhering to the inner wall of the dust cleaning pipe 16 and push the scraped impurities away for discharge.

[0073] The pyrolysis system of the present utility model can regularly clean the dust and coke lumps in the pyrolysis gas pipeline without shutting down based on the on-line dust cleaning device 1, thereby ensuring the continuous and stable operation of the pyrolysis system. Among them, the vertical pipe structure design of the gravity settling pipe 31 is conducive to the gravitational settlement of dust, reducing dust spillage from the source; the electric heating design of the gravity settling pipe 31 is conducive to preventing the pyrolysis gas from condensing and dew-forming in the pipeline, causing adhesion and blockage; the end of the gravity settling pipe 31 is reduced in diameter, increasing the pyrolysis gas flow rate to 8 to 10 m / s, and reducing the gravitational settlement of dust in the dust cleaning pipe 16 in the form of a horizontal pipe.

[0074] In addition, for the pyrolysis system of the present utility model, the control cabinet 4 is adopted to automatically control the slag removal piston 13 to scrape impurities and push the slag, and nitrogen purging is used for slag discharge, which reduces the labor intensity of workers and also avoids the potential safety hazards of manual operation. The end of the air inlet pipe of the spray tower 2 is cut with an inclined mouth (at 45°), which prevents the spray water from flowing back into the pipeline and is beneficial to the slag discharge of the slag removal piston 13.

[0075] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present utility model and are not intended to limit the present utility model. For those skilled in the art, various changes and modifications can be made to the present utility model. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present utility model shall be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. An on-line dust cleaning device, characterized in that, Comprising: Ash cleaning pipe; Slag removal piston, disposed inside the ash cleaning pipe and adapted to the inner wall of the ash cleaning pipe; when the slag removal piston moves along the ash cleaning pipe, impurities attached to the inner wall of the ash cleaning pipe are scraped off and pushed away; and Push rod, disposed inside the ash cleaning pipe and connected to the slag removal piston, with the first end of the push rod extending out of the first end of the ash cleaning pipe; the push rod is used to drive the slag removal piston to reciprocate; Wherein, the second end of the ash cleaning pipe is provided as an air outlet, and an air inlet is provided on the ash cleaning pipe.

2. The on-line dust cleaning device according to claim 1, wherein The push rod is hermetically connected to the first end of the ash cleaning pipe, the first end of the push rod is connected to a driving unit, and the driving unit drives the push rod to reciprocate in the form of hydraulic pressure or air pressure; And / or The slag removal piston is provided with air permeable holes, and the air permeable holes are used to connect the air paths at both ends of the slag removal piston.

3. The on-line dust cleaning device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The air inlet of the ash cleaning pipe is opened on the side of the ash cleaning pipe and close to the first end of the ash cleaning pipe; and / or The air outlet of the ash cleaning pipe is provided with an inclined cut, and the opening of the inclined cut faces downward for discharging slag.

4. The on-line dust cleaning device according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, The on-line ash cleaning device comprises: Gas purging unit, having a blowing nozzle opened on the wall of the ash cleaning pipe body, and the blowing nozzle faces the air outlet of the ash cleaning pipe.

5. The on-line ash cleaning device according to claim 4, wherein The gas purging unit comprises: Gas source; A plurality of the blowing nozzles, connected to the gas source; and Electromagnetic valve, disposed on the pipeline between the gas source and the blowing nozzle; the electromagnetic valve is used to control the blowing nozzle to purge the ash cleaning pipe.

6. A pyrolysis system, characterized in that, Comprising: The on-line ash cleaning device according to any one of claims 1-5; And Pyrolysis reactor, having a pyrolysis reactor body and a gravity settling pipe connected to the pyrolysis reactor body; Wherein, the air outlet of the gravity settling pipe is connected to the air inlet of the ash cleaning pipe.

7. The pyrolysis system according to claim 6, characterized in that, The gravity settling pipe comprises: Settling pipe body; Wherein, a corrugated pipe for eliminating thermal expansion stress is connected to the settling pipe body.

8. The pyrolysis system according to claim 7, characterized in that, The diameter of the settling pipe body is larger than the diameter of the ash cleaning pipe, and a reduced-diameter pipe for increasing the pyrolysis gas flow rate is provided at the end of the settling pipe body. The large end of the reduced-diameter pipe is connected to the end of the settling pipe body, and the small end of the reduced-diameter pipe is connected to the air inlet of the ash cleaning pipe; and / or The pyrolysis gas flow rate in the gravity settling pipe is 1-2 m / s, and the pyrolysis gas flow rate in the ash cleaning pipe is 8-10 m / s.

9. The pyrolysis system according to claim 6, wherein A heating unit is provided outside the gravity settling pipe; and / or A heat insulation layer is provided outside the gravity settling pipe and / or the ash cleaning pipe.

10. The pyrolysis system according to any one of claims 6-9, characterized in that, The pyrolysis system comprises: Spray tower; Wherein, the spray tower has a spray tower main body, and a demister and a water inlet unit are sequentially arranged from the top to the bottom inside the spray tower main body; an air inlet is opened on the side of the spray tower below the water inlet unit, and the air outlet of the ash cleaning pipe is connected to the air inlet of the spray tower.

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