Crankshaft upsetting die

Abstract

The utility model discloses a crankshaft upsetting die, which belongs to the field of crankshaft upsetting process equipment and comprises an upper bending die component, a lower bending die, a left forming die and a right forming die. A circular connecting rod neck through hole is formed after the bending upper die assembly and the bending lower die assembly are assembled; the left forming die and the right forming die are symmetrical in structure and located on the left side and the right side of the upper bending die assembly correspondingly. The left forming die is used for being matched with the upper bending die assembly and the lower bending die to form a left crank arm forming cavity, and the right forming die is used for being matched with the upper bending die assembly and the lower bending die to form a right crank arm forming cavity. During upsetting, the blank located in the left crank arm forming cavity and the blank located in the right crank arm forming cavity are extruded at the same time, and a left crank arm with an inclined outer wall and an inclined face and a right crank arm with an inclined outer wall and an inclined face are formed respectively. The forging die can be used for upsetting a crankshaft through an RR method, the inclined outer wall and the inclined face of a crank arm can be forged at a time, forging procedures are saved, and the quality of a forged piece finished product is guaranteed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the field of crankshaft upset forging process equipment, and particularly relates to a crankshaft upset forging die. Background Art

[0002] The crankshaft is a key component of a diesel engine. It bears the force transmitted by the connecting rod and converts it into torque, which is output through the crankshaft to drive other accessories on the engine to work. When producing a crankshaft, it is necessary to ensure that the crankshaft has sufficient strength and stiffness, the journal surface needs to be wear-resistant, work evenly, and have good balance, so that the crankshaft can stably bear the bending and torsional loads.

[0003] Currently, the RR method or the TR method is generally used for forging the crankshaft. However, for the crankshaft of a medium- and high-speed marine diesel engine, due to its large external dimensions and high precision requirements, it is difficult for many manufacturers to effectively control the production efficiency and quality of the crankshaft.

[0004] The invention with the publication number CN106914581A discloses a full-fiber crankshaft multi-directional forging method and die, which uses the die to complete the forming of the crank throw. However, this patent fails to forge the inclined surface of the crank arm part, resulting in a certain difference between the shape of the crank arm forging and the finished product, and secondary processing is required. However, secondary processing will cause forging errors between different crank arm forgings, and the forging quality is low. In addition, this patent uses the TR method to upset the crankshaft and cannot be applied to the scenario where the RR method needs to be used for upset forging. Content of the Utility Model

[0005] The purpose of the utility model is to provide a crankshaft upset forging die for the above-mentioned deficiencies, aiming to solve the problem that there is currently no die applicable to the RR method and capable of forging the inclined surface of the crank arm at one time. To achieve the above purpose, the utility model provides the following technical solutions:

[0006] A crankshaft upset forging die includes a bending upper die assembly, a bending lower die, a left forming die, and a right forming die; a circular connecting rod journal through hole is formed after the bending upper die assembly and the bending lower die are closed, which is used to extrude the blank located in the connecting rod journal through hole into a cylindrical shape during upset forging; the left forming die and the right forming die are symmetrically structured and are respectively located on the left and right sides of the bending upper die assembly; the left forming die is used to cooperate with the bending upper die assembly and the bending lower die to form a left crank arm forming cavity, and the right forming die is used to cooperate with the bending upper die assembly and the bending lower die to form a right crank arm forming cavity; during upset forging, the blanks located in the left crank arm forming cavity and the right crank arm forming cavity are simultaneously extruded and respectively form a left crank arm with an inclined outer wall and an inclined surface and a right crank arm with an inclined outer wall and an inclined surface.

[0007] Further, the left forming die includes an upper left forming die and a lower left forming die; after the upper left forming die and the lower left forming die are closed, they have a bottom plate, a first inclined boss, a second inclined boss, and a positioning through hole; the positioning through hole is circular; the first inclined boss gradually protrudes downward away from the bottom plate; the second inclined boss has a mating inclined surface, which is formed by an arc-shaped edge that bends downward on the bottom plate below the positioning through hole and the inner wall at the lower end of the first inclined boss.

[0008] Further, the left forming die further includes a flash groove; the flash groove is located on the right side of the first inclined boss.

[0009] Further, the bending upper die assembly includes a bending upper die body and a left balance block and a right balance block detachably mounted on the bending upper die body; the left balance block and the right balance block are symmetric in structure; the left balance block is arranged on the left side of the bending upper die body, and the right balance block is arranged on the right side of the bending upper die body.

[0010] Further, the bending upper die assembly further includes at least one fixing member, and the fixing member sequentially passes through the left balance block, the bending upper die body, and the right balance block to fixedly connect the left balance block, the bending upper die body, and the right balance block.

[0011] Further, it further includes a left clamping die and a right clamping die; the left clamping die and the right clamping die are symmetric in structure; the left clamping die is fixedly connected to the left outer wall of the left forming die through a fastener, and the right clamping die is fixedly connected to the right outer wall of the right forming die through a fastener.

[0012] Further, the left clamping die includes an upper left clamping die and a lower left clamping die; after the upper left clamping die and the lower left clamping die are closed, a second positioning through hole is formed.

[0013] Further, the outer contour of the cross-section of the left clamping die and the right clamping die is a horizontal "convex" shape.

[0014] Further, the bending lower die further includes a connecting base.

[0015] Further, the bending lower die further includes a positioning groove for positioning and mating with the bending upper die body.

[0016] The beneficial effects of the present utility model are as follows:

[0017] 1. The present utility model is applied to the scenario of upset forging a crankshaft by the RR method, and can forge the inclined outer wall and inclined surface of the crank arm at one time without secondary processing. It can not only save forging processes, save raw materials, and shorten production time, but also ensure that the left crank arm and the right crank arm have the same shape, reduce the forging error caused by secondary processing, and ensure the quality of the forged part finished product.

[0018] 2. The bending upper die of the present utility model is set as a combined bending upper die assembly, which can facilitate the disassembly, assembly and replacement of the components with larger wear in the bending upper die assembly after multiple uses, ensure the quality of forgings, and reduce the use cost of the die. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the overall die of the present utility model when cooperating with the blank;

[0020] Figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the bending upper die assembly and the bending lower die of the present utility model when in mold closing;

[0021] Figure 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the crank arm and the connecting rod neck after extrusion forming of the present utility model;

[0022] Figure 4 is a schematic structural diagram of the side wall of the crank arm of the present utility model, and the connecting rod neck part is not shown;

[0023] Figure 5 is a schematic structural diagram of the left forming die of the present utility model;

[0024] Figure 6 is a schematic structural diagram of the left clamping die of the present utility model;

[0025] Figure 7 is a top view of the bending lower die of the present utility model;

[0026] In the drawings: 1 - bending upper die assembly, 2 - bending lower die, 3 - left forming die; 4 - right forming die, 5 - left clamping die, 6 - right clamping die, 7 - blank, 11 - bending upper die body, 12 - left balance block, 13 - right balance block, 14 - fixing part, 21 - connecting base, 22 - positioning groove, 31 - left forming upper die, 32 - left forming lower die, 33 - first inclined boss, 34 - inclined surface, 51 - left clamping upper die, 52 - left clamping lower die, 111 - connecting rod neck through hole, 311 - left crank arm forming cavity, 312 - positioning through hole, 313 - flash groove, 511 - second positioning through hole. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0027] The present utility model will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, but the present utility model is not limited to the following embodiments.

[0028] Embodiment 1:

[0029] See the appendix Figures 1 to 4。A crankshaft upset forging die includes a bending upper die assembly 1, a bending lower die 2, a left forming die 3 and a right forming die 4. After the bending upper die assembly 1 and the bending lower die 2 are closed, a circular connecting rod neck through hole 111 is formed, which is used to extrude the blank 7 located in the connecting rod neck through hole 111 into a cylindrical shape during upset forging. The left forming die 3 and the right forming die 4 are symmetric in structure and are respectively located on the left and right sides of the bending upper die assembly 1. The left forming die 3 is used to cooperate with the bending upper die assembly 1 and the bending lower die 2 to form a left crank arm forming cavity 311, and the right forming die 4 is used to cooperate with the bending upper die assembly 1 and the bending lower die 2 to form a right crank arm forming cavity 411. During upset forging, the blanks 7 located in the left crank arm forming cavity 311 and the right crank arm forming cavity 411 are simultaneously extruded to form a left crank arm with an inclined outer wall and an inclined surface and a right crank arm with an inclined outer wall and an inclined surface respectively. From the above structure, it can be seen that the blank 7 is the raw material for crankshaft forging. The bending upper die assembly 1 and the bending lower die 2 are arranged opposite to each other on the upper and lower sides of the blank 7, and a circular connecting rod neck through hole 111 is formed after the bending upper die assembly 1 and the bending lower die 2 are closed. The connecting rod neck through hole 111 is circular and is used to extrude the blank 7 located in the connecting rod neck through hole 111 into a cylindrical connecting rod neck that meets the processing requirements during upset forging. The left forming die 3 and the right forming die 4 are symmetric in structure and are respectively located on the left and right sides of the bending upper die assembly 1. The left forming die 3 is used to cooperate with the bending upper die assembly 1 and the bending lower die 2 to form a left crank arm forming cavity 311, and the right forming die 4 is used to cooperate with the bending upper die assembly 1 and the bending lower die 2 to form a right crank arm forming cavity 411. The utility model uses the RR method to upset forge the blank 7 of the crankshaft. During upset forging, the blank 7 will be subjected to extrusion forces in the vertical and horizontal directions, and at the same time, the left crank arm, the connecting rod neck and the right crank arm are extruded and formed. Among them, the blank 7 located in the left crank arm forming cavity 311 is extruded into a left crank arm with an inclined outer wall and an inclined surface, and the blank 7 located in the right crank arm forming cavity 411 is extruded into a right crank arm with an inclined outer wall and an inclined surface. The utility model is applied to the scenario of upset forging a crankshaft by the RR method, and can forge the inclined outer wall and the inclined surface of the crank arm at one time without secondary processing. It can not only save forging processes, save raw materials, and shorten production time, but also ensure that the left crank arm and the right crank arm have the same shape, reduce the forging error caused by secondary processing, and ensure the quality of the forged part finished product.

[0030] Embodiment 2:

[0031] See appendix Figures 1 to 5。On the basis of the first embodiment, the left forming die 3 includes a left upper forming die 31 and a left lower forming die 32; after the left upper forming die 31 and the left lower forming die 32 are closed, they have a bottom plate, a first inclined boss 33, a second inclined boss, and a positioning through hole 312; the first inclined boss 33 gradually protrudes from top to bottom in a direction away from the bottom plate; the second inclined boss has a mating inclined surface 34, and the mating inclined surface 34 is formed by an arc-shaped edge that bends downward on the bottom plate below the positioning through hole 312 and the inner wall at the lower end of the first inclined boss 33; the positioning through hole 312 is circular. From the above structure, it can be seen that the left forming die 3 includes a left upper forming die 31 and a left lower forming die 32. When the left upper forming die 31 and the left lower forming die 32 are opened, the blank 7 to be upset forged is placed between the left upper forming die 31 and the left lower forming die 32. The left upper forming die 31 has the upper half of the bottom plate, the first inclined boss 33, the second inclined boss, and the positioning through hole 312, and the left lower forming die 32 has the lower half of the bottom plate, the first inclined boss 33, the second inclined boss, and the positioning through hole 312. When the left upper forming die 31 and the left lower forming die 32 are closed, a complete bottom plate, first inclined boss 33, second inclined boss, and positioning through hole 312 are formed. The bottom plate serves as the base plate for each component, and the first inclined boss 33 provided on the outer surface of the bottom plate gradually protrudes from top to bottom in a direction away from the bottom plate. During upset forging, the first inclined boss 33 of the left forming die 3 cooperates with the bending upper die assembly 1 and the bending lower die 2 to extrude the inclined outer wall of the left crank arm. The second inclined boss has a mating inclined surface 34, and the mating inclined surface 34 is formed by an arc-shaped edge that bends downward on the bottom plate below the positioning through hole 312 and the inner wall at the lower end of the first inclined boss 33. During upset forging, the mating inclined surface 34 of the left forming die 3 cooperates with the bending upper die assembly 1 and the bending lower die 2 to extrude the inclined surface of the left crank arm. The positioning through hole 312 is circular and is used to upset forge the blank 7 located in the positioning through hole 312 into a crankshaft journal that is connected to the left crank arm and has a cylindrical shape. The aperture of the positioning through hole 312 is adaptively set according to the product production requirements. And, the structure of the right forming die 4 is symmetrical to that of the left forming die 3, and their settings and functions are the same.

[0032] The left forming die 3 further includes a flash groove 313; the flash groove 313 is located on the right side of the first inclined boss 33. From the above structure, it can be seen that the left forming die 3 further includes a flash groove 313; the flash groove 313 is located on the right side of the first inclined boss 33. The right forming die 4 also includes a flash groove 313, and the flash groove 313 of the right forming die 4 is located on the left side of the first inclined boss 33. Setting the flash groove 313 can not only increase the resistance of the metal flowing out of the die cavity, but also accommodate the excess metal, ensure the accuracy of the thickness dimension of the forging, and at the same time reduce the excess material generated during the forging process.

[0033] The bending upper die assembly 1 includes a bending upper die body 11, a left balance block 12 and a right balance block 13 detachably mounted on the bending upper die body 11; the left balance block 12 and the right balance block 13 are symmetric in structure; the left balance block 12 is arranged on the left side of the bending upper die body 11, and the right balance block 13 is arranged on the right side of the bending upper die body 11. From the above structure, it can be seen that the bending upper die of the present utility model is a combined bending upper die assembly 1. The bending upper die assembly 1 includes a bending upper die body 11, a left balance block 12 and a right balance block 13. The left balance block 12 and the right balance block 13 are symmetric in structure. The left balance block 12 is arranged on the left side of the bending upper die body 11, while the right balance block 13 is arranged on the right side of the bending upper die body 11. The left balance block 12 and the right balance block 13 are symmetric in structure. Since the extrusion forces received by each part of the bending upper die body 11, the left balance block 12 and the right balance block 13 during upset forging are not the same, setting the bending upper die as a combined bending upper die assembly 1 can facilitate the disassembly, installation and replacement of the parts with larger wear in the bending upper die assembly 1 after multiple uses, ensure the quality of forgings, and reduce the use cost of the die.

[0034] The bending upper die assembly 1 further includes at least one fixing member 14. The fixing member 14 sequentially penetrates through the left balance block 12, the bending upper die body 11 and the right balance block 13 to fixedly connect the left balance block 12, the bending upper die body 11 and the right balance block 13. From the above structure, it can be seen that setting the fixing member 14 that sequentially penetrates through the left balance block 12, the bending upper die body 11 and the right balance block 13 can stably fix the left balance block 12, the bending upper die body 11 and the right balance block 13 together and ensure the stability of the connection. Specifically, the fixing member 14 can be set to three.

[0035] Embodiment 3:

[0036] See attachment Figures 1 to 7 On the basis of Embodiment 2, it further includes a left clamping die 5 and a right clamping die 6; the left clamping die 5 and the right clamping die 6 are symmetric in structure; the left clamping die 5 is fixedly connected to the left outer wall of the left forming die 3 through a fastener, and the right clamping die 6 is fixedly connected to the right outer wall of the right forming die 4 through a fastener. From the above structure, it can be seen that in the present utility model, the left clamping die 5 and the left forming die 3, and the right clamping die 6 and the right forming die 4 are separately arranged. The left clamping die 5 and the right clamping die 6 are symmetric in structure, and the left clamping die 5 is fixedly connected to the left outer wall of the left forming die 3 through a fastener, and the right clamping die 6 is fixedly connected to the right outer wall of the right forming die 4 through a fastener. The left clamping die 5 and the right clamping die 6 are used to connect to an external extrusion device to synchronously move the left forming die 3 and the right forming die 4 closer to or away from each other in the horizontal direction, providing an extrusion force in the horizontal direction for crankshaft forging.

[0037] The left clamping die 5 includes an upper left clamping die 51 and a lower left clamping die 52; after the upper left clamping die 51 and the lower left clamping die 52 are closed, a second positioning through hole 511 is formed. From the above structure, it can be seen that when the upper left clamping die 51 and the lower left clamping die 52 are opened, a part of the blank 7 is installed between the upper left clamping die 51 and the lower left clamping die 52. The upper left clamping die 51 includes the upper half of the second positioning through hole 511, and the lower left clamping die 52 includes the lower half of the second positioning through hole 511. After the upper left clamping die 51 and the lower left clamping die 52 are closed, a complete second positioning through hole 511 is formed.

[0038] The second positioning through hole 511 is used to extrude the blank 7 placed in the second positioning through hole 511 to form a main shaft journal that is connected to the crankshaft journal and is cylindrical. The aperture of the second positioning through hole 511 is adaptively set according to the production requirements of the product. In addition, the structure of the right clamping die 6 is symmetric to that of the left clamping die 5, and their settings and functions are the same.

[0039] The outer contour of the cross-section of the left clamping die 5 and the right clamping die 6 is a horizontal "convex" shape. From the above structure, it can be seen that the outer contour of the cross-section of the left clamping die 5 and the right clamping die 6 is a horizontal "convex" shape to match the shape and size of the external device and achieve stable connection.

[0040] The bending lower die 2 further includes a connecting base 21. From the above structure, it can be seen that during the upset forging of the crankshaft by the RR method, the bending lower die 2 can also move vertically according to the production requirements. The connecting base 21 is provided to connect with the external die holder to drive the bending lower die 2 to move vertically.

[0041] The bending lower die 2 further includes a positioning groove 22 for positioning and cooperating with the bending upper die body 11. From the above structure, it can be seen that setting the positioning groove 22 can ensure accurate positioning of the bending upper die body 11 and the bending lower die 2 and guarantee the upset forging quality.

[0042] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and do not limit the patent scope of the present invention. Any equivalent structure or equivalent process transformation made by using the content of the specification and drawings of the present invention, or directly or indirectly applied in other related technical fields, shall be included in the patent protection scope of the present invention by the same token.

Claims

1. A crankshaft upset forging die, characterized in that: It includes a bending upper die assembly (1), a bending lower die (2), a left forming die (3) and a right forming die (4); after the bending upper die assembly (1) and the bending lower die (2) are closed, a circular connecting rod neck through hole (111) is formed, which is used to extrude the blank (7) located in the connecting rod neck through hole (111) into a cylindrical shape during upset forging; the left forming die (3) and the right forming die (4) are symmetric in structure and are respectively located on the left and right sides of the bending upper die assembly (1); the left forming die (3) is used to cooperate with the bending upper die assembly (1) and the bending lower die (2) to form a left crank arm forming cavity (311), and the right forming die (4) is used to cooperate with the bending upper die assembly (1) and the bending lower die (2) to form a right crank arm forming cavity (411); during upset forging, the blanks (7) located in the left crank arm forming cavity (311) and the right crank arm forming cavity (411) are simultaneously extruded and respectively form a left crank arm with an inclined outer wall and an inclined surface and a right crank arm with an inclined outer wall and an inclined surface.

2. The upset forging die for crankshaft according to claim 1, characterized in that: The left forming die (3) includes a left forming upper die (31) and a left forming lower die (32); after the left forming upper die (31) and the left forming lower die (32) are closed, it has a bottom plate, a first inclined boss (33), a second inclined boss and a positioning through hole (312); the positioning through hole (312) is circular; the first inclined boss (33) gradually protrudes from top to bottom in a direction away from the bottom plate; the second inclined boss has a mating inclined surface (34), and the mating inclined surface (34) is formed by an arc-shaped edge that bends downward on the bottom plate below the positioning through hole (312) and the inner wall at the lower end of the first inclined boss (33).

3. The upset forging die for crankshaft according to claim 2, characterized in that: The left forming die (3) further includes a flash groove (313); the flash groove (313) is located on the right side of the first inclined boss (33).

4. A crankshaft upset forging die according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bending upper die assembly (1) includes a bending upper die body (11) and a left balance block (12) and a right balance block (13) detachably installed on the bending upper die body (11); the left balance block (12) and the right balance block (13) are symmetric in structure; the left balance block (12) is arranged on the left side of the bending upper die body (11), and the right balance block (13) is arranged on the right side of the bending upper die body (11).

5. A crankshaft upset forging die according to claim 4, characterized in that: The bending upper die assembly (1) further includes at least one fixing member (14), and the fixing member (14) sequentially passes through the left balance block (12), the bending upper die body (11) and the right balance block (13) to fixedly connect the left balance block (12), the bending upper die body (11) and the right balance block (13).

6. The upset forging die for a crankshaft according to claim 1, characterized in that: It further includes a left clamping die (5) and a right clamping die (6); the left clamping die (5) and the right clamping die (6) are symmetric in structure; the left clamping die (5) is fixedly connected to the left outer wall of the left forming die (3) through a fastener, and the right clamping die (6) is fixedly connected to the right outer wall of the right forming die (4) through a fastener.

7. A crankshaft upset forging die according to claim 6, characterized in that: The left clamping die (5) includes a left upper clamping die (51) and a left lower clamping die (52); after the left upper clamping die (51) and the left lower clamping die (52) are closed, a second positioning through hole (511) is formed.

8. The upset forging die for crankshaft according to claim 6, characterized in that: The outer contour of the cross-section of the left clamping die (5) and the right clamping die (6) is a horizontal "convex" shape.

9. The upset forging die for a crankshaft according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bending lower die (2) further includes a connecting base (21).

10. A crankshaft upset forging die according to claim 4, characterized in that: The bending lower die (2) further includes a positioning groove (22) for positioning and cooperating with the bending upper die body (11).

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