Heat management device for heating element
Through negative pressure spray phase change cooling technology, combined with vacuum device to maintain low pressure in the inner cavity, the problems of high initial investment in liquid cooling technology and the risk of steam leakage are solved, and efficient and stable thermal management effect is achieved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202422412754.X
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-09-30
- Publication Date
- 2025-07-18
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-09-30
AI Technical Summary
The existing liquid cooling technology has problems such as high initial investment, steam leakage risk and unstable temperature difference in thermal management of high-performance computing equipment and electric vehicle batteries, and it is difficult to take into account local heat dissipation needs.
The negative pressure spray phase change cooling method is adopted, and the liquid phase heat exchange medium is sprayed on the surface of the heating body through the spray mechanism, and the cooling is achieved by converting the gas phase and the liquid phase is achieved. The gas phase medium is condensed through the heat exchange mechanism, and the internal cavity is maintained with a vacuum device to avoid leakage.
It realizes efficient heat dissipation and cooling, reduces the consumption and use cost of heat exchange media, reduces the impact on the environment, and improves the stability and safety of the system.
Smart Images
Figure CN223123430U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of thermal management, and in particular to a thermal management device for a heating element. Background Art
[0002] The rapid development of artificial intelligence technology has greatly increased the demand for high-performance computing power in related industries. Behind the high-performance computing power, higher requirements are placed on equipment heat dissipation and cooling, and liquid cooling technology has become the main development direction.
[0003] Liquid cooling technology mainly includes three types: cold plate liquid cooling, immersion liquid cooling and spray liquid cooling. Cold plate liquid cooling is a method in which the heat of high-heat generating components such as server chips is indirectly transferred to the liquid through a cold plate for heat dissipation, while low-heat generating components are still cooled by air cooling. Immersion liquid cooling is a method in which the server is completely immersed in the coolant, and the heat of all heat generating components is directly transferred to the coolant, and the heat is dissipated through the circulation of the coolant or the evaporation and condensation phase change. Among them, the circulation of the coolant is single-phase immersion liquid cooling, and the evaporation and condensation phase change of the coolant is phase change immersion liquid cooling. Phase change immersion liquid cooling is more complex to control and has higher requirements. Spray liquid cooling is a method in which the coolant is directly sprayed on heat generating units such as chips to dissipate heat through convection heat exchange. At present, cold plate liquid cooling and single-phase immersion liquid cooling are the main forms.
[0004] In the use of electric vehicles and electrochemical energy storage, in order to ensure the performance and safety of large-capacity batteries, powerful, stable and reliable liquid cooling thermal management devices are also needed. In response to the above needs, there is currently a relatively stable and reliable thermal management method, which is to use a low-boiling point heat exchange medium (including but not limited to electronic fluorinated liquid) to immerse the electronic device or battery that needs to dissipate heat. The heated heat exchange medium generates steam to take away the heat, and the steam is condensed to release heat and then turns back into liquid. Due to the small heat exchange temperature difference, a higher operating temperature can be designed, and the steam can be directly condensed with cooling water, which can obtain a PUE below 1.1, which is quite excellent performance.
[0005] However, this immersion phase change method has two main drawbacks. First, immersion requires a large amount of heat exchange medium, but the current heat exchange medium suitable for immersion and capable of phase change is expensive, resulting in excessive initial investment and thus affecting promotion and application. Second, after the phase change produces steam, the pressure inside the box is higher than the ambient air pressure, and there is a possibility of heat exchange medium steam leakage, causing harm to the health of operators and long-term impact on the environment, and also resulting in excessively high maintenance costs.
[0006] Another way of thermal management is spray plus circulating heat exchange, that is, spraying the heat exchange medium after cooling on the surface of the electronic device or battery that generates heat, and sending the heat exchange medium after spraying to an external heat exchanger for cooling, and so on in a cycle. The heat exchange medium hardly evaporates, thus reducing losses and the impact on the environment. The disadvantage is that the temperature difference is relatively large, it is difficult to take care of the relatively large local heat dissipation requirements, and the performance is not stable and reliable enough. Summary of the Utility Model
[0007] The object of the present utility model includes, for example, providing a heat generating body thermal management device which can combine the advantages of single-phase spraying and immersion phase change, thereby improving the heat dissipation and cooling effect.
[0008] The embodiments of the present utility model can be implemented as follows:
[0009] In a first aspect, the present utility model provides a heat generating body thermal management device, including:
[0010] A cabinet body, the cabinet body has an inner cavity for accommodating a heat generating body, a gaseous heat exchange medium, and a liquid heat exchange medium; the air pressure in the inner cavity is lower than the ambient atmospheric pressure; the heat exchange medium is configured to be able to be converted between a gaseous state and a liquid state; at least part of the heat exchange medium is configured to be able to evaporate into steam in the inner cavity to cool the heat generating body;
[0011] A spraying mechanism, the spraying mechanism is configured to be able to spray the liquid heat exchange medium on the surface of the heat generating body to cool the heat generating body;
[0012] And a heat exchange mechanism, the heat exchange mechanism is configured to cool the liquid heat exchange medium and / or condense the gaseous heat exchange medium.
[0013] In an optional embodiment, the heat exchange mechanism includes a condenser; the condenser is located at the top of the inner cavity of the cabinet body; a plurality of the heat generating bodies are all located below the condenser; the condenser is configured to condense the gaseous heat exchange medium moving to the surface of the condenser into the liquid heat exchange medium.
[0014] In an optional embodiment, the heat exchange mechanism includes a first pipeline, a second pipeline, and a condenser; the condenser is located above the cabinet body; the inlet of the condenser is arranged at the top of the inner cavity through the first pipeline, the outlet of the condenser is connected to one end of the second pipeline, and the other end of the second pipeline is arranged in the inner cavity.
[0015] In an optional embodiment, the heat exchange mechanism includes a heat exchange circulation pump and a radiator;
[0016] The inlet of the circulation pump is arranged at the bottom of the inner cavity of the cabinet body. The outlet of the circulation pump is connected to the inlet of the radiator, and the outlet of the radiator is connected to a spraying mechanism located at the top of the inner cavity through a connecting pipe.
[0017] In an alternative embodiment, the spraying mechanism includes a spraying circulation pump and a plurality of spray heads.
[0018] The heating element thermal management device further includes a plurality of heat dissipation components, each heat dissipation component including a plurality of the heating elements; along the height direction of the cabinet body, the plurality of heat dissipation components are arranged in sequence.
[0019] At least one spray head is arranged at the top of each heat dissipation component, or each heating element is correspondingly arranged under a spray head.
[0020] The inlet of the spraying circulation pump is connected to the bottom of the cabinet body, and the outlet of the spraying circulation pump can be connected to the spray head.
[0021] In an alternative embodiment, the spraying mechanism includes a spraying circulation pump, at least one spray head and a plurality of trays.
[0022] The heating element thermal management device further includes a plurality of heat dissipation components, each heat dissipation component including a plurality of the heating elements; along the height direction of the cabinet body, the plurality of heat dissipation components are arranged in sequence, and the spray head is located above the topmost heat dissipation component.
[0023] The number of the heat dissipation components is the same as that of the trays and they correspond to each other one by one; the heat dissipation components are all arranged in the corresponding trays so that the heating elements can be immersed in the liquid-phase heat exchange medium in the trays.
[0024] An overflow port is provided at the top edge of the mouth of each tray so that the liquid-phase heat exchange medium in the upper tray can overflow and fall into the lower tray.
[0025] The inlet of the spraying circulation pump is connected to the bottom of the cabinet body, and the outlet of the spraying circulation pump can be connected to the spray head.
[0026] In an alternative embodiment, a plurality of through holes are further provided at the bottom of the tray so that the liquid-phase heat exchange medium can fall into the lower tray through the through holes.
[0027] In an alternative embodiment, the heating element thermal management device further includes a vacuum device.
[0028] The vacuum device is connected to an air extraction port on the cabinet body, and the vacuum device is configured to be able to make the air pressure in the inner cavity lower than the ambient atmospheric pressure.
[0029] In a second aspect, the present utility model provides a cooling method, which is based on the heating element thermal management device described in any one of the foregoing embodiments. The cooling method includes the following steps:
[0030] Spray the liquid-phase heat exchange medium onto the surface of the heating element through a spraying mechanism;
[0031] When the liquid-phase heat exchange medium contacts the heating element, a part of the liquid-phase heat exchange medium is phase-changed into the gas-phase heat exchange medium, and the uniform temperature inside the cavity is achieved through the balance of the gas-liquid two-phase.
[0032] The heat exchange mechanism cools the liquid-phase heat exchange medium or the gas-phase heat exchange medium into the liquid-phase heat exchange medium.
[0033] In an optional embodiment, the inner cavity of the cabinet is continuously evacuated to prevent the fluid in the inner cavity from leaking.
[0034] The beneficial effects of the embodiments of the present utility model include, for example:
[0035] The heating element thermal management device of this solution includes a cabinet, a spraying mechanism, and a heat exchange mechanism. The inner cavity of the cabinet can accommodate the heating element and the heat exchange medium that can be converted between gas phase and liquid phase. When the liquid-phase heat exchange medium evaporates into steam in the inner cavity, the heating element can be cooled; at the same time, the heat exchange mechanism can cool the liquid-phase heat exchange medium and / or condense the gas-phase heat exchange medium, so as to ensure the conversion of the heat exchange medium between the liquid phase and the gas phase, thus realizing the cooling method of gas-liquid phase change. The spraying mechanism can further strengthen the heat dissipation and cooling effect of the heating element thermal management device by directly spraying and cooling the heating element. In summary, this method of negative-pressure spraying phase change combines the advantages of single-phase spraying and immersion phase change. Description of the Drawings
[0036] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present utility model, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required to be used in the embodiments. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of the present utility model, and therefore should not be regarded as limiting the scope. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other related drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings.
[0037] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of the first embodiment of the heating element thermal management device of the present utility model;
[0038] Figure 2 It is a schematic structural diagram of the second embodiment of the heating element thermal management device of the present utility model;
[0039] Figure 3Schematic diagram of the third embodiment of the heating element thermal management device of the present utility model;
[0040] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the fourth embodiment of the heating element thermal management device of the present utility model.
[0041] Icon: 11 - heating element; 12 - heat exchange medium; 100 - cabinet; 101 - inner cavity; 102 - gas phase region; 103 - liquid level; 104 - liquid storage area; 110 - air extraction port; 120 - liquid inlet; 130 - liquid outlet; 200 - spraying mechanism; 211 - spraying circulation pump; 212 - spraying pipeline; 213 - spraying head; 214 - heat dissipation component; 220 - tray; 221 - overflow port; 222 - through hole; 300 - heat exchange mechanism; 310 - condenser; 321 - first pipeline; 322 - second pipeline; 331 - heat circulation pump; 332 - radiator; 333 - connecting pipe. Detailed implementation manners
[0042] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present utility model clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are some, but not all, of the embodiments of the present utility model. Usually, the components of the embodiments of the present utility model described and illustrated in the accompanying drawings here can be arranged and designed in various different configurations.
[0043] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present utility model provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the present utility model to be protected, but merely represents the selected embodiments of the present utility model. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present utility model without making creative efforts fall within the scope of protection of the present utility model.
[0044] It should be noted that: Similar reference numerals and letters denote similar items in the following drawings. Therefore, once an item is defined in one drawing, it does not need to be further defined and explained in subsequent drawings.
[0045] In the description of the present utility model, it should be noted that if terms such as "upper", "lower", "inner", "outer", etc. are used to indicate the orientation or positional relationship, it is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship when the product of the present utility model is usually placed. It is only for the convenience of describing the present utility model and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation to the present utility model.
[0046] In addition, terms such as "first" and "second" are only used for distinguishing descriptions and cannot be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
[0047] It should be noted that, without conflict, the features in the embodiments of the present utility model can be combined with each other.
[0048] Embodiment 1
[0049] Please refer to Figure 1 , this embodiment provides a heating element thermal management device, including a cabinet 100, a spraying mechanism 200, and a heat exchange mechanism 300.
[0050] The cabinet 100 has an inner cavity 101 for accommodating a heating element 11, a gaseous heat exchange medium 12, and a liquid heat exchange medium 12; the air pressure in the inner cavity 101 is lower than the ambient atmospheric pressure; the heat exchange medium 12 is configured to be convertible between a gaseous state and a liquid state; at least part of the heat exchange medium 12 is configured to be able to evaporate into steam in the inner cavity 101 to achieve cooling of the heating element 11;
[0051] The spraying mechanism 200 is configured to be able to spray the liquid heat exchange medium 12 on the surface of the heating element 11 to achieve cooling of the heating element 11;
[0052] The heat exchange mechanism 300 is disposed at the top of the inner cavity 101 of the cabinet 100; the heat exchange mechanism 300 includes a condenser 310, which is configured to condense the gaseous heat exchange medium 12.
[0053] The heating element thermal management device of this solution includes a cabinet 100, a spraying mechanism 200, and a heat exchange mechanism 300. The inner cavity 101 of the cabinet 100 can accommodate a heating element 11 and a heat exchange medium 12 that can be converted between gaseous and liquid phases. When the liquid heat exchange medium 12 evaporates into steam in the inner cavity 101, it can achieve cooling of the heating element 11; at the same time, the heat exchange mechanism 300 can cool the liquid heat exchange medium 12 and / or condense the gaseous heat exchange medium 12, thereby ensuring the conversion of the heat exchange medium 12 between liquid and gas phases, thus realizing the cooling method of gas-liquid phase change. And the spraying mechanism 200 can further enhance the heat dissipation and cooling effect of the heating element thermal management device by directly spraying and cooling the heating element 11. Such a negative pressure spraying phase change method combines the advantages of single-phase spraying and immersion phase change.
[0054] It should be noted that the heating element 11 can be an electronic heating component in a data center or a battery cell. Optionally, the heat exchange medium 12 can be a fluorinated liquid, etc. The heat exchange mechanism 300 cooperates with the cabinet 100 to achieve cooling of the liquid heat exchange medium 12 and / or condensation of the gaseous heat exchange medium 12.
[0055] Please continue to refer to Figure 1 , from Figure 1As can be seen, in this embodiment, the heat exchange mechanism 300 includes a condenser 310; the condenser 310 is located at the top of the inner cavity 101 of the cabinet 100; a plurality of heating elements 11 are all located below the condenser 310; the condenser 310 is configured to condense the gaseous heat exchange medium 12 moving to the surface of the condenser 310 into a liquid heat exchange medium 12. That is, in this embodiment, the condenser 310 disposed in the inner cavity 101 is used to condense the gaseous heat exchange medium 12 into a liquid, thereby realizing phase change cooling. The external coolant flows through the internal pipeline of the condenser 310 to provide the cooling capacity required for the condensing heat exchange medium 12, and the external coolant includes but is not limited to water.
[0056] Optionally, the heating element 11 is placed in the inner cavity 101 of the sealed cabinet 100, and a heat exchange medium 12 with a boiling point higher than the highest working temperature and electrical insulation is used. For example, if the highest working temperature of the battery is 40°C, then the boiling point of the heat exchange medium 12 used should exceed 40°C. The heat exchange medium 12 that meets this condition includes but is not limited to electronic fluorinated liquid; the air pressure in the inner cavity 101 of the cabinet 100 is made lower than the atmospheric pressure, so that the heat exchange medium 12 can boil at the preset target working temperature; the condenser 310 is used to condense the steam into a liquid and flow back into the inner cavity 101. In this way, the effect of phase change cooling is achieved.
[0057] In an alternative embodiment, the heating element thermal management device further includes a vacuum device; the vacuum device is connected to the air extraction port 110 on the cabinet 100, and the vacuum device is configured to be able to make the air pressure in the inner cavity 101 lower than the ambient atmospheric pressure. On the one hand, this vacuum device can reduce the boiling point of the heat exchange medium 12, thereby adjusting the critical temperature of the gas-liquid phase conversion of the heat exchange medium 12 to adapt to different cooling requirements; on the other hand, the vacuum device can keep the inner cavity 101 in a continuous low-pressure environment, thereby preventing the heat exchange medium 12 in the inner cavity 101 from leaking to the outside, so as to improve the cleanliness of the heating element thermal management device and avoid waste of the heat exchange medium 12.
[0058] In an alternative embodiment, the spraying mechanism 200 includes a spraying circulation pump 211, a spraying pipeline 212 and a plurality of spray heads 213; the heating element thermal management device further includes a plurality of heat dissipation components 214, and each heat dissipation component 214 includes a plurality of heating elements 11; along the height direction of the cabinet 100, a plurality of heat dissipation components 214 are arranged in sequence; at least one spray head 213 is provided at the top of each heat dissipation component 214, or each heating element 11 is correspondingly arranged with a spray head 213; the inlet of the spraying circulation pump 211 is connected to the bottom of the cabinet 100, and the outlet of the spraying circulation pump 211 is connected to the spray head 213 through the spraying pipeline 212.
[0059] Furthermore, the bottom of the cabinet 100 has a liquid storage area 104 storing a liquid phase heat exchange medium 12; the inlet of the spray circulation pump 211 is located in the liquid storage area 104, and the outlet of the spray circulation pump 211 is connected to the spray head 213 through the spray pipe 212. It should be noted that the liquid storage area 104 here can be the area at the bottom of the inner cavity of the cabinet 100; in other embodiments, a liquid storage tank connected to the bottom of the cabinet 100 can also be separately provided as the liquid storage area 104, which is only an example and is not limited.
[0060] In this embodiment, each heat-generating element 11 of each heat-dissipating assembly 214 is provided with a corresponding spray head 213, so that each heat-generating element 11 is cooled promptly and efficiently. It is understandable that in other embodiments of the utility model, each heat-dissipating assembly 214 may be provided with only a large fan-shaped spray head 213, so that the cooling effect can be ensured while simplifying the structure of the device.
[0061] One usage method is that a heating element 11 serving as an electronic heating component in a data center is placed in an inner cavity 101; a vacuum device extracts air from the inner cavity 101 through an exhaust port 110, and then a predetermined volume of a heat exchange medium 12 is injected into the inner cavity 101; the heat exchange medium 12 evaporates in the inner cavity 101 and reaches a gas-liquid equilibrium, and the gas phase region 102 is located above a liquid level 103 of the heat exchange medium 12, and the liquid phase storage region 104 is located below the heat exchange medium 12; the heat exchange medium 12 at the bottom of the inner cavity 101 is sucked in by a spray circulation pump 211 and transported to a spray head 213 through a spray pipe 212, and the spray head 213 sprays the heat exchange medium 12 on the surface of the heating element 11, and the heat exchange medium 12 flows through the surface and then flows back to the bottom of the inner cavity 101.
[0062] The working principle of the heat management device for the heating element of this embodiment is as follows: the heating element 11 generates heat to increase the temperature of the heat exchange medium 12 in contact with it, and the heated part of the liquid-phase heat exchange medium 12 boils and evaporates to become the gas-phase heat exchange medium 12 and moves at high speed to the low-pressure area formed by the low temperature of the condenser 310, and then the gas-phase heat exchange medium 12 is condensed into liquid by the condenser 310 and flows back to the bottom of the inner cavity 101; the heat exchange medium 12 enters and exits the condenser 310 through the liquid inlet 120 and the liquid outlet 130 to take away the heat, and this cycle is repeated to remove the heat generated inside.
[0063] In a second aspect, the utility model provides a cooling method. The cooling method is based on the heat management device for a heating element according to any one of the aforementioned embodiments. The cooling method comprises the following steps:
[0064] The liquid heat exchange medium 12 is sprayed onto the surface of the heating element 11 through the spraying mechanism 200;
[0065] When the heat exchange medium 12 in the liquid phase contacts the heating element 11, a part of the heat exchange medium 12 in the liquid phase is phase-changed into the heat exchange medium 12 in the gas phase, and the temperature inside the cavity is made uniform through the balance between the gas and liquid phases;
[0066] The heat exchange mechanism 300 cools the heat exchange medium 12 in the liquid phase or the heat exchange medium 12 in the gas phase to the heat exchange medium 12 in the liquid phase.
[0067] The cooling method of this embodiment takes into account the advantages of spray cooling and gas-liquid phase change cooling, and avoids their respective defects. While ensuring excellent cooling effects, it can reduce the consumption and usage cost of the heat exchange medium 12, and can also greatly reduce losses and impacts on the environment.
[0068] Optionally, the inner cavity 101 of the cabinet 100 is continuously evacuated to prevent leakage of the fluid in the inner cavity 101. That is, the evacuation step can be used not only for adding the heat exchange medium 12, but also for adjusting the boiling point of the heat exchange medium 12, and can also prevent the heat exchange medium 12 from leaking out of the inner cavity 101.
[0069] Embodiment Two
[0070] Please refer to Figure 2 , the structure of the heating element thermal management device in this embodiment is generally the same as that in Embodiment One. The difference lies in that the condenser 310 of the heat exchange mechanism 300 in this embodiment is located outside the cabinet 100, and the setting method of the spray mechanism 200 is different.
[0071] Specifically, as can be seen from Figure 2 , in an optional implementation manner, the heat exchange mechanism 300 includes a first pipeline 321, a second pipeline 322, and a condenser 310; the condenser 310 is located above the cabinet 100; the inlet of the condenser 310 is arranged at the top of the inner cavity 101 through the first pipeline 321, the outlet of the condenser 310 is connected to one end of the second pipeline 322, and the other end of the second pipeline 322 is arranged in the inner cavity 101. Such a setting method still realizes the conversion of the gas-phase heat exchange medium 12 into the liquid-phase heat exchange medium 12 through the condensation operation of the condenser 310, and can also reduce the volume of the cabinet 100. At the same time, the external condenser 310 usually adopts an air-cooling method, which is convenient for assembly, maintenance, and protection operations.
[0072] In an alternative embodiment, the spraying mechanism 200 includes a spraying circulation pump 211, a spraying pipeline 212, at least one spray head 213, and a plurality of trays 220; the heating element thermal management device further includes a plurality of heat dissipation components 214, each heat dissipation component 214 includes a plurality of heating elements 11; along the height direction of the cabinet 100, the plurality of heat dissipation components 214 are arranged in sequence, and the spray head 213 is located above the topmost heat dissipation component 214; the number of the heat dissipation components 214 is the same as that of the trays 220 and they correspond one by one; the heat dissipation components 214 are all arranged in the corresponding trays 220 so that the heating elements 11 can be immersed in the liquid-phase heat exchange medium 12 in the trays 220; the top edge of the mouth of each tray 220 has an overflow port 221 so that the liquid-phase heat exchange medium 12 in the upper tray 220 can overflow and fall into the lower tray 220; the inlet of the spraying circulation pump 211 is connected to the bottom of the cabinet 100, and the outlet of the spraying circulation pump 211 is connected to the spray head 213 through the spraying pipeline 212.
[0073] Optionally, the bottom of the inner cavity 101 has a liquid storage area 104 storing the liquid-phase heat exchange medium 12, and the inlet of the spraying circulation pump 211 is located in the liquid storage area 104.
[0074] That is, the spraying mechanism 200 only sets the spray head 213 at the top of the inner cavity 101, reducing the number of spray heads 213. The tray 220 can immerse the heating element 11 in the tray 220 to improve the cooling effect of the heating element 11, and the design of the overflow port 221 can increase the fluidity of the heat exchange medium 12 through the multi-layer overflow method, increasing the cooling effect and improving the circulation ability of the heat exchange medium 12.
[0075] In this embodiment, the depth of the tray 220 is equal to or greater than the height of the heating element 11 so that the heating element 11 can achieve complete immersion cooling. It is not difficult to understand that in other embodiments of the present invention, the depth of the tray 220 can be less than the height of the heating element 11, so that the heating element 11 can achieve cooling in a partially immersed manner.
[0076] In an alternative embodiment, a plurality of through holes 222 are further provided at the bottom of the tray 220 so that the liquid-phase heat exchange medium 12 can fall into the lower tray 220 through the through holes 222. The through holes 222 here not only facilitate the uniform distribution of the liquid-phase heat exchange medium 12 to fall onto the heating element 11 in the lower tray 220 to ensure uniform cooling of the lower heating element 11, but also facilitate the convenient and quick recovery of the liquid-phase heat exchange medium 12 after the heating element thermal management device stops working. In this embodiment, the through holes 222 can be uniformly arranged at the bottom of the tray 220.
[0077] In use, the heat generating bodies 11 that are closely arranged and serve as battery cells are placed in the tray 220 in the inner cavity 101. Another provided vacuum device evacuates the air in the inner cavity 101 through the air extraction port 110, and then a predetermined volume of heat exchange medium 12 is injected into the inner cavity 101. The heat exchange medium 12 evaporates in the inner cavity 101 and reaches a gas-liquid equilibrium. Above the liquid level 103 of the heat exchange medium 12 is the gas phase region 102, and below is the liquid storage area 104 in the liquid phase. The heat exchange medium 12 at the bottom is sucked by the spray circulation pump 211 and transported through the spray pipeline 212 to the spray head 213. The spray head 213 sprays the heat exchange medium 12 on the top of the heat generating body 11. The heat exchange medium 12 is immersed in the gaps between the battery cells. The heated heat exchange medium 12 partially evaporates, and the remaining heat exchange medium 12 flows into the next layer of the tray 220 or the bottom of the inner cavity 101 through the small holes at the bottom of the tray 220 and the overflow port 221 on the side of the tray 220.
[0078] The heat generated by the battery cells causes the temperature of the heat exchange medium 12 in contact with them to rise. The heated partial liquid-phase heat exchange medium 12 boils and evaporates into the gas-phase heat exchange medium 12 and passes through the first pipeline 321 at high speed into the internal pipeline of the condenser 310, and then is condensed into a liquid by the condenser 310 and flows back to the bottom of the inner cavity 101 through the second pipeline 322. The outside of the condenser 310 is cooled by the wind.
[0079] Embodiment III
[0080] Please refer to Figure 3 , the structure of the heat management device for the heat generating body in this embodiment is generally the same as that in Embodiment II. The difference is that the heat exchange mechanism 300 in this embodiment does not have a condenser 310. At the same time, the spray mechanism 200 only includes at least one spray head 213 and a plurality of trays 220, and there is no spray circulation pump 211.
[0081] The inlet of the heat exchange circulation pump 331 can be connected to the liquid storage area 104. The liquid-phase heat exchange medium 12 in the liquid storage area 104 sequentially passes through the heat exchange circulation pump 331, the radiator 332, and the connecting pipe 333 and is connected to the spray mechanism 200 at the top of the inner cavity 101, thereby completing the spraying operation. Specifically, in this embodiment, the heat exchange mechanism 300 includes a heat exchange circulation pump 331 and a radiator 332; the inlet of the heat exchange circulation pump 331 is arranged at the bottom of the inner cavity 101 of the cabinet 100, the outlet of the heat exchange circulation pump 331 is connected to the inlet of the radiator 332, and the outlet of the radiator 332 is connected to the spray mechanism 200 at the top of the inner cavity 101 through the connecting pipe 333.
[0082] The radiator 332 can generally adopt a plate heat exchanger or a shell-and-tube heat exchanger, remove heat with an external coolant, and then cool the heated heat exchange medium 12 through an external heat exchanger and recycle it for spraying.
[0083] Embodiment IV
[0084] Please refer toFigure 4 , the structure of the heating element thermal management device in this embodiment is generally the same as that in the second embodiment. The difference lies in that the heat exchange mechanism 300 in this embodiment is arranged inside the cabinet 100.
[0085] Specifically, in this embodiment, the heat exchange mechanism is arranged at the top of the inner cavity 101 of the cabinet 100. Further, the heat exchange mechanism 300 includes a condenser 310 to cool the gaseous heat exchange medium 12. The working principle of the condenser 310 is similar to that of the condenser 310 in the first embodiment.
[0086] In summary, the embodiments of the present utility model provide a heating element thermal management device and a cooling method, which have at least the following advantages:
[0087] 1. Combining immersion with spraying and adopting a circulating spraying method, only need to ensure that the heat exchange medium 12 continuously flows through the surface of the electronic device or the battery heating element 11 and the liquid stored at the bottom is sufficient for the circulating pump to suck in. The amount of the heat exchange medium 12 can be greatly reduced, and heat is removed through two ways: the evaporation of the heat exchange medium 12 and the temperature rise of the heat exchange medium 12. In a data center with a relatively low absolute space utilization rate in the cabinet, the required heat exchange medium 12 can be reduced to less than 10% of the original required amount, greatly reducing the initial investment.
[0088] 2. Adopting a sealed box or cabinet 100 and selecting a heat exchange medium 12 with a boiling point higher than the target working temperature of the thermal management, changing the internal working environment from atmospheric pressure to negative pressure. Since the internal working environment is negative pressure, the risk of the heat exchange medium 12 steam leaking into the environment is fundamentally resolved. Recycling the exhaust gas of the vacuum device as the heat exchange medium 12 can greatly reduce the loss and the impact on the environment.
[0089] 3. Compared with the existing technology, the main difference of this solution is that a heat exchange medium 12 with a higher boiling point is adopted, the air pressure in the inner cavity 101 is reduced to cause the heat exchange medium 12 to undergo phase change boiling, and the internal temperature of the cavity is made uniform through the balance of the gas-liquid two-phase. Under the normal working state, the air pressure in the inner cavity 101 is lower than the ambient atmospheric pressure, thereby preventing the heat exchange medium 12 steam from leaking to the outside. According to the needs of the system design, the internal heat can be transferred to the outside by flexibly adopting the method of condensing the steam or cooling the liquid-phase heat exchange medium 12.
[0090] The above is only the specific implementation manner of the present utility model, but the protection scope of the present utility model is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily thought of by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed by the present utility model should be covered by the protection scope of the present utility model. Therefore, the protection scope of the present utility model should be subject to the protection scope of the claims.
Claims
1. A heating element thermal management device, characterized in that, Comprising: A cabinet (100) having an inner cavity (101) for accommodating a heating element (11), a gaseous heat exchange medium (12), and a liquid heat exchange medium (12); the air pressure in the inner cavity (101) is lower than the ambient atmospheric pressure; the heat exchange medium (12) is configured to be convertible between a gaseous state and a liquid state; at least a portion of the heat exchange medium (12) is configured to be evaporated into steam in the inner cavity (101) to effect cooling of the heating element (11). A spraying mechanism (200) configured to spray the liquid heat exchange medium (12) onto the surface of the heating element (11) to effect cooling of the heating element (11). And a heat exchange mechanism (300) configured to cool the liquid heat exchange medium (12) and / or condense the gaseous heat exchange medium (12).
2. The heating element thermal management device according to claim 1, wherein: The heat exchange mechanism (300) includes a condenser (310); the condenser (310) is located at the top of the inner cavity (101) of the cabinet (100); a plurality of the heating elements (11) are all located below the condenser (310); the condenser (310) is configured to condense the gaseous heat exchange medium (12) moving to the surface of the condenser (310) into the liquid heat exchange medium (12).
3. The heating element thermal management device according to claim 1, wherein: The heat exchange mechanism (300) includes a first pipe (321), a second pipe (322), and a condenser (310); the condenser (310) is located above the cabinet (100); the inlet of the condenser (310) is provided at the top of the inner cavity (101) through the first pipe (321), the outlet of the condenser (310) is connected to one end of the second pipe (322), and the other end of the second pipe (322) is provided in the inner cavity (101).
4. The heating element thermal management device according to claim 1, wherein: The heat exchange mechanism (300) includes a heat exchange circulation pump (331) and a radiator (332). The inlet of the circulation pump is provided at the bottom of the inner cavity (101) of the cabinet (100), the outlet of the circulation pump is connected to the inlet of the radiator (332), and the outlet of the radiator (332) is connected to the spraying mechanism (200) located at the top of the inner cavity (101) through a connecting pipe (333).
5. The heating element thermal management device according to claim 1, wherein: The spraying mechanism (200) includes a spraying circulation pump (211) and a plurality of spray heads (213). The heating element thermal management device further includes a plurality of heat dissipation components (214), each heat dissipation component (214) includes a plurality of the heating elements (11); along the height direction of the cabinet (100), a plurality of heat dissipation components (214) are arranged in sequence. At least one of the spray heads (213) is provided on the top of each of the heat dissipation components (214), or each of the heating elements (11) is correspondingly provided with one of the spray heads (213); The inlet of the spray circulation pump (211) is connected to the bottom of the cabinet body (100), and the outlet of the spray circulation pump (211) can be connected to the spray head (213).
6. The heating element thermal management device according to claim 1, wherein: The spray mechanism (200) includes a spray circulation pump (211), at least one spray head (213) and a plurality of trays (220); The heating element thermal management device further includes a plurality of heat dissipation components (214), and each heat dissipation component (214) includes a plurality of the heating elements (11); along the height direction of the cabinet body (100), the plurality of heat dissipation components (214) are arranged in sequence, and the spray head (213) is located above the heat dissipation component (214) at the topmost layer; The number of the heat dissipation components (214) is the same as that of the trays (220) and they correspond to each other one by one; the heat dissipation components (214) are all arranged in the corresponding trays (220) so that the heating elements (11) can be immersed in the liquid-phase heat exchange medium (12) in the trays (220); An overflow port (221) is provided at the top edge of each of the trays (220) so that the liquid-phase heat exchange medium (12) in the upper tray (220) can overflow and fall into the lower tray (220); The inlet of the spray circulation pump (211) is connected to the bottom of the cabinet body (100), and the outlet of the spray circulation pump (211) can be connected to the spray head (213).
7. The heating element thermal management device according to claim 6, wherein: A plurality of through holes (222) are further provided at the bottom of the tray (220) so that the liquid-phase heat exchange medium (12) can fall into the lower tray (220) through the through holes (222).
8. The heating element thermal management device according to claim 1, wherein: The heating element thermal management device further includes a vacuum device; The vacuum device is connected to the air extraction port (110) on the cabinet body (100), and the vacuum device is configured to be able to make the air pressure in the inner cavity (101) lower than the ambient atmospheric pressure.