Gas mask exhalation valve suitable for low-temperature environment

Abstract

The utility model relates to a gas mask exhalation valve suitable for a low-temperature environment. The gas mask exhalation valve comprises an exhalation valve main body (1) and a hydrophobic layer (2), the exhalation valve main body (1) is of an umbrella-shaped structure and comprises an exhalation valve umbrella cover (101) and an exhalation valve umbrella handle (102); a hydrophobic layer (2) is arranged on the inner side of the exhalation valve umbrella cover (101); and the hydrophobic layer (2) is one of ETFE (Ethylene Tetra Fluoro Ethylene) or FEP (Fluorinated Ethylene Propylene) hydrophobic membrane materials. The exhalation valve is good in elasticity and free to open and close, and the hydrophobic film layer is arranged on the surface of the exhalation valve, so that when the exhalation valve is used in the plateau low-temperature environment, the phenomenon that water vapor is condensed on the surface of the exhalation valve due to the temperature difference relation when hot air generated when a human body breathes rapidly makes contact with purified external cold air is avoided, and the exhalation valve is not prone to falling off. Water vapor can rapidly drip through the hydrophobic mask layer of the exhalation valve and then flow out through the small holes in the chin of the gas mask, and therefore the problem that an exhalation valve of a common gas mask is prone to icing due to water vapor breathing can be effectively solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of composite material preparation, and particularly relates to an exhalation valve of a gas mask applicable to low-temperature environments. Background Art

[0002] When the gas mask equipment is used in the high-altitude low-temperature environment, when the hot air generated by the rapid breathing of the human body contacts the cold external gas after purification treatment, the temperature difference between the exhaled gas and the inhaled gas causes water vapor condensation on the surface of the exhalation valve. Since the water vapor cannot be discharged in time, the water vapor accumulates more and more over time. In extremely low-temperature conditions, the water vapor on the exhalation valve quickly freezes. The exhalation valve not only becomes hard, but also due to the icing problem, the exhalation valve cannot be closely attached to the exhalation valve seat, resulting in the failure of the exhalation valve and inability to use, thus affecting the use safety of the gas mask, unable to guarantee the safety of the users, and the reliability of the equipment cannot be guaranteed either. Content of the Utility Model

[0003] In order to solve the above problems, the utility model provides an exhalation valve of a gas mask applicable to low-temperature environments, which comprises an exhalation valve body and a hydrophobic layer; the exhalation valve body is of an umbrella-shaped structure and comprises an exhalation valve umbrella surface and an exhalation valve umbrella handle; a hydrophobic layer is arranged on the inner side of the exhalation valve umbrella surface;

[0004] The hydrophobic layer is one of ETFE or FEP hydrophobic membrane materials.

[0005] There is a groove on the exhalation valve umbrella handle for fixing the exhalation valve seat.

[0006] The exhalation valve body is made of natural rubber material.

[0007] The thickness of the exhalation valve umbrella surface is 0.45 - 0.5 mm.

[0008] The thickness of the hydrophobic layer is 25 - 75 μm.

[0009] The hydrophobic layer is a hydrophobic membrane material treated on one side with a sodium naphthalene modifier and plasma activation treatment; the treated side of the hydrophobic membrane material is attached to the exhalation valve umbrella surface.

[0010] The beneficial effects of the utility model are as follows:

[0011] The exhalation valve prepared by the utility model has good elasticity and can be opened and closed freely. Moreover, due to the hydrophobic membrane layer on the surface, during the use process in the high-altitude low-temperature environment, when the hot air generated by the rapid breathing of the human body contacts the cold external gas after purification treatment, water vapor condensation will not occur on the surface of the exhalation valve due to the temperature difference. The water vapor can quickly drip down through the hydrophobic surface membrane layer of the exhalation valve and then flow out through the small holes at the chin of the gas mask, thus effectively solving the problem that the exhalation valve of a common gas mask is prone to icing due to breathing water vapor. Description of the Drawings

[0012] Figure 1 Axial sectional view of the exhalation valve of the present application;

[0013] Figure 2 Front view of the exhalation valve of the present application;

[0014] Figure 3 Isometric view of the axis of the exhalation valve of the present application;

[0015] Figure 4 Top view of the exhalation valve of the present application;

[0016] Explanation of the markings in the figure: 1. Exhalation valve body, 2. Hydrophobic layer, 3. Groove, 101. Exhalation valve umbrella surface, 102. Exhalation valve umbrella handle. Detailed Implementation Modes

[0017] The implementation scheme of the present utility model will be described in detail below in conjunction with the embodiments. The following embodiments are only used to illustrate the present utility model and should not be regarded as limiting the scope of the present utility model.

[0018] Embodiment 1

[0019] As shown in the figure, a gas mask exhalation valve applicable to low-temperature environments includes an exhalation valve body 1 and a hydrophobic layer 2; the exhalation valve body 1 is in an umbrella shape, including an exhalation valve umbrella surface 101 and an exhalation valve umbrella handle 102; the hydrophobic layer 2 is inside the exhalation valve umbrella surface 101;

[0020] The hydrophobic layer 2 is one of ETFE or FEP hydrophobic membrane materials.

[0021] There is a groove 3 on the exhalation valve umbrella handle 102 for fixing the exhalation valve seat.

[0022] The exhalation valve body 1 is made of natural rubber material.

[0023] The thickness of the exhalation valve umbrella surface 101 is 0.45 - 0.5 mm.

[0024] The thickness of the hydrophobic layer 2 is 25 - 75 μm.

[0025] The hydrophobic layer 2 is a hydrophobic membrane material that has been treated with a sodium naphthalene modifier and plasma activation treatment on one side; the treated side of the hydrophobic membrane material is attached to the exhalation valve umbrella surface 101.

[0026] Embodiment 2

[0027] The preparation method and performance of the exhalation valve are as follows:

[0028] Preparation of Kneaded Rubber Sheet: 100 parts of No. 1 smoked sheet rubber, 10 parts of zinc oxide, 2 parts of stearic acid, 6 parts of carbon black, 1.5 parts of vaseline, 12 parts of lithopone, 1.5 parts of amine antioxidant 4010NA, 1 part of wax antioxidant paraffin, 0.6 part of accelerator DM, 1.6 parts of accelerator CZ, and 1.2 parts of sulfur were mixed and kneaded evenly to obtain a rubber sheet with a thickness of 2 mm.

[0029] Preparation of Modifier: N-methylmorpholine, tetrahydrofuran, and naphthalene were added to a reaction vessel in a mass ratio of 50:25:5 and stirred until completely dissolved. Subsequently, sodium was added and stirring reaction was continued. The reaction temperature was controlled at 20 °C, and the stirring reaction was carried out for 2 hours to obtain the modifier, where the mass ratio of sodium to naphthalene was 1:5.

[0030] Surface Treatment of Hydrophobic Membrane Material: A 25-μm-thick ETFE membrane material was placed on the stage in a plasma treatment device. Argon was introduced into the device as the reaction gas. The gas flow rate was controlled at 0.1 L / min, the discharge voltage was 2 kV, the frequency was 2 kHz, and the working distance was 5 mm. After plasma discharge for 2 min, a plasma activation layer was formed on the surface of the membrane material. Subsequently, the activated side was soaked in the modifier for 1 min and then washed clean with water and ethanol to obtain the modified membrane material.

[0031] Preparation of Expiratory Valve: The side of the modified membrane material that had been surface-treated was closely attached to the kneaded rubber sheet to obtain a film-coated rubber sheet; the film-coated rubber sheet was cut to be 5-7 mm larger than the expiratory valve mold station. During loading, a small piece of uncoated rubber sheet slightly smaller than the expiratory valve handle by 0.5-1 mm was first cut and filled into the hole of the expiratory valve umbrella handle, and then the film-coated rubber sheet was laid on the vulcanization area of the expiratory valve, ensuring that the film-coated side was close to the side of the expiratory valve umbrella handle, and then the mold was closed and vulcanized under pressure to obtain the expiratory valve; among them, the vulcanization temperature was 148-154 °C, the vulcanization time was 8 min, and the vulcanization pressure was 7 MPa.

[0032] After the film-coated rubber sheet prepared in this example was stored at -40 °C for 24 hours, there were no problems such as delamination, warping, and damage on the appearance. The tensile strength at 20 °C was 26.8 MPa, and the tensile strength at -25 °C was 24.5 MPa. It could still maintain good mechanical strength in a low-temperature environment.

[0033] A low-temperature airtightness test was carried out on the expiratory valve and detected according to the corresponding test method in GJB 1155A-2004. When the expiratory valve was decompressed to -1180 Pa, the reverse airtightness of the full-face mask expiratory valve was < 350 Pa within 60 s, meeting the national military standard.

[0034] Conduct a low-temperature operation test on the exhalation valve. Use the equipment in the low-temperature anti-fog test method in Article 3.2 of GJB 3662-1999. The exhaled air volume of the electric ventilator is (30±1) L / min, the respiratory rate is (22±2) times / min, the temperature of the exhaled air is (36±1) °C, and the humidity of the exhaled air is not less than 90%. The exhalation valve can open and close, move freely, and fit well with the exhalation valve seat. After 2 hours of low-temperature operation, there is no problem of water vapor icing on the exhalation valve.

[0035] The above results show that the exhalation valve provided by this application can meet the use requirements of the exhalation valve in a low-temperature environment, and there will be no phenomenon of water vapor condensation on the surface of the exhalation valve due to the temperature difference when the hot air generated by rapid breathing of the human body contacts the cold outside gas after purification treatment. Therefore, it can effectively solve the problem that the exhalation valve of ordinary gas masks cannot be used due to easy icing of respiratory water vapor.

Claims

1. A gas mask exhalation valve applicable to low-temperature environments, characterized in that, It includes an exhalation valve body (1) and a hydrophobic layer (2); the exhalation valve body (1) is an umbrella-shaped structure, including an exhalation valve umbrella surface (101) and an exhalation valve umbrella handle (102); there is a hydrophobic layer (2) inside the exhalation valve umbrella surface (101); the hydrophobic layer (2) is one of ETFE or FEP hydrophobic membrane materials.

2. The gas mask exhalation valve applicable to low-temperature environments according to claim 1, wherein There is a groove (3) on the exhalation valve umbrella handle (102) for fixing the exhalation valve seat.

3. The gas mask exhalation valve applicable to low-temperature environments according to claim 1, characterized in that, The exhalation valve body (1) is made of natural rubber.

4. The gas mask exhalation valve applicable to low-temperature environments according to claim 1, characterized in that, The thickness of the exhalation valve umbrella surface (101) is 0.45 - 0.5 mm.

5. The gas mask exhalation valve applicable to low-temperature environments according to claim 1, wherein The thickness of the hydrophobic layer (2) is 25 - 75 μm.

6. The gas mask exhalation valve applicable to low-temperature environments according to claim 1, characterized in that, The hydrophobic layer (2) is a hydrophobic membrane material that is treated with a sodium naphthalene modifier and plasma activation treatment on one side; the treated side of the hydrophobic membrane material is attached to the exhalation valve umbrella surface (101).

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