BIPV fabricated roof structure and horizontal warehouse
Through the BIPV prefabricated roof structure of the photovoltaic bracket embedded in the reverse beam, the damage problem of photovoltaic panels to the waterproof layer is solved, efficient construction and convenient maintenance are achieved, and the insulation performance of the roof is enhanced.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202422390667.9
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-09-29
- Publication Date
- 2025-07-22
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-09-29
AI Technical Summary
Installing existing photovoltaic panels directly on the roof top will damage the waterproof layer and affect the roof waterproofing effect. The photovoltaic panels need to be removed during maintenance, which will be difficult to repair and easily damage the photovoltaic panels.
BIPV prefabricated roof structure is adopted, the photovoltaic bracket is pre-buried in the reverse beam, and the prefabricated plate is placed on the support to form a roof top plate. After the waterproof layer is constructed, the photovoltaic components are installed to form a thermal insulation air space and maintenance channel. The photovoltaic components are installed on the photovoltaic bracket and do not directly contact the waterproof layer.
It improves construction efficiency, avoids damage to the waterproof layer by photovoltaic modules, facilitates later maintenance, enhances the thermal insulation performance of the roof, and reduces the risk of damage to the photovoltaic modules.
Smart Images
Figure CN223135455U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of building integrated photovoltaics, and particularly to a BIPV prefabricated roof structure and a flat warehouse. Background Art
[0002] Building integrated photovoltaics (i.e., BIPV: Building Integrated PV, where PV is Photovoltaic) is a technology that integrates solar power generation (photovoltaic) products into buildings. Building integrated photovoltaics (BIPV) is different from the form where a photovoltaic system is attached to a building (BAPV: Building Attached PV). Building integrated photovoltaics can be divided into two categories: one is the combination of a photovoltaic array and a building. The other is the integration of a photovoltaic array and a building. Such as photovoltaic tile roofs, photovoltaic curtain walls, and photovoltaic daylighting roofs, etc. Among these two methods, the combination of a photovoltaic array and a building is a commonly used form, especially the combination with the building roof.
[0003] In view of the above related technologies, existing photovoltaic panels are usually directly installed on the top surface of the roof, that is, the photovoltaic panels are directly installed on the waterproof layer. This not only causes damage to the waterproof layer when installing the photovoltaic panels, affecting the waterproof effect of the roof, but also the waterproof layer has a certain service life and needs to be repaired regularly. When maintaining the roof waterproof layer, the photovoltaic panels need to be removed, which is difficult to repair and easily damages the photovoltaic panels. Summary of the Utility Model
[0004] In order to reduce the damage to the roof waterproof layer and facilitate the subsequent maintenance of the waterproof layer, the present application provides a BIPV prefabricated roof structure.
[0005] A BIPV prefabricated roof structure provided by the present application adopts the following technical solutions:
[0006] A BIPV prefabricated roof structure includes a plurality of inverted beams. The plurality of inverted beams are arranged in a plurality of columns. Support portions are provided on both sides of the lower part of each inverted beam. A plurality of precast slabs are provided between adjacent inverted beams. The precast slabs are placed on the support portions. The plurality of precast slabs together form a roof top plate. A plurality of photovoltaic brackets are provided on the top of the inverted beams. The plurality of photovoltaic brackets are jointly connected with a photovoltaic module. The adjacent inverted beams, the precast slabs between the adjacent inverted beams, and the photovoltaic module jointly enclose a heat insulation and air space and a maintenance passage.
[0007] By adopting the above technical solution, during construction, first embed the photovoltaic support in the inverted beam, connect the inverted beam to the building, then hoist the precast slab onto the support part, and multiple precast slabs together form the roof slab. Then construct the waterproof layer on the precast slab, and the waterproof layer turns up to the top surface of the inverted beam and wraps the photovoltaic support. Then install the photovoltaic modules on the photovoltaic support to complete the roof construction.
[0008] Using this structure for roof construction, the prefabricated construction improves the construction efficiency of the BIPV photovoltaic building. Moreover, the photovoltaic modules are installed on the photovoltaic support and will not damage the waterproof layer. When maintaining the waterproof layer in the later stage, the construction workers can directly carry out maintenance operations in the operation passage without removing the photovoltaic modules, reducing the damage of the photovoltaic modules and facilitating the maintenance of the waterproof layer.
[0009] Optionally, several of the photovoltaic supports are arranged in several columns and several rows. The photovoltaic modules include several purlins, and the purlins are arranged in several columns. Each column of purlins is connected to the photovoltaic supports in the same row. A support bar is commonly provided at the top of the photovoltaic supports in the same column. A support bar is also commonly provided at the top of several purlins. Several of the support bars are arranged in several columns, and several photovoltaic panels are commonly provided at the top of several of the support bars.
[0010] Optionally, the number of rows of the photovoltaic supports is an even number. The length of the photovoltaic supports in the middle row is the longest, and the lengths of the photovoltaic supports in the remaining rows gradually decrease in the direction away from the photovoltaic supports in the middle row. The support bar is inclined, and the top surfaces of several of the photovoltaic panels are jointly spliced into two inclined surfaces with opposite inclined directions.
[0011] By adopting the above technical solution, the inclined top surface of the photovoltaic panel can collect more sunlight and convert it into electric energy. Secondly, when it rains, the rainwater can slide along the surface of the photovoltaic panel, reducing the situation of water accumulation on the photovoltaic panel.
[0012] Optionally, a first drainage groove is provided along the length direction of the support bar, and the splicing seam of the photovoltaic panel is aligned with the first drainage groove.
[0013] By adopting the above technical solution, the waterproof effect at the splicing of the photovoltaic panel is not strong, and the water infiltrating from the splicing seam of the photovoltaic panel can be drained away through the first drainage groove, reducing the risk of water leakage due to water accumulation on the precast slab.
[0014] Optionally, the supporting part is a concrete support plate, which is integrally formed with the counter beam. The concrete support plate is arranged along the length direction of the counter beam, and the height of the concrete support plate gradually increases in the direction close to the vertical center line of the counter beam. The ends of several precast slabs are all supported on the concrete support plate, and the top surfaces of several precast slabs between two adjacent counter beams are jointly spliced into two inclined planes with opposite inclined directions.
[0015] By adopting the above technical solution, the inclined top surface of the precast slab can drain the rainwater falling on the precast slab, further reducing the risk of roof leakage.
[0016] Optionally, at least two of the photovoltaic panels are provided with installation openings, ventilation ducts are installed in the installation openings, and wind caps are arranged on the ventilation ducts.
[0017] By adopting the above technical solution, natural ventilation of the operation passage can be realized. When the temperature inside the operation passage is high, the low-temperature air can enter from the louver of the gable walls on both sides of the operation passage (low place), and the high-temperature air can be discharged from the wind cap at the ridge (high place), realizing unpowered ventilation, reducing the situation that the waterproof material is damaged due to the high temperature inside the operation passage, and improving the protection of the waterproof layer.
[0018] The present application also provides a BIPV prefabricated flat warehouse adopting the following technical solutions:
[0019] A BIPV prefabricated flat warehouse, applying the above BIPV prefabricated roof structure, includes a plurality of first columns and a plurality of second columns. An eave wall is arranged between a plurality of the first columns, and a gable wall is arranged between a plurality of the second columns. The gable wall is arranged between the first column at the end and the adjacent second column. The first columns on the same side are jointly provided with a first longitudinal beam. The first longitudinal beam is provided with a second drainage groove along its length direction. The end of the first drainage groove is located above the first longitudinal beam. The first columns on the same side are jointly provided with a second longitudinal beam. The second longitudinal beam is provided with a third drainage groove along its length direction. The second longitudinal beam is located below the first longitudinal beam. The top surface elevations of the precast slabs on both sides are not lower than the top surface elevation of the second longitudinal beam.
[0020] By adopting the above technical solution, the rainwater on the photovoltaic panel and the rainwater in the first drainage groove can be discharged into the second drainage groove, and the rainwater on the precast slab can be discharged into the third drainage groove, and then uniformly discharged from the building by the second drainage groove and the third drainage groove, so as to realize the drainage of the accumulated water on the roof and avoid the rainwater splashing everywhere from the roof.
[0021] Optionally, a plurality of first drain pipes are provided at the bottom of the first longitudinal beam, and the first drain pipes are communicated with the second drainage groove. A plurality of second drain pipes are provided at the bottom of the second longitudinal beam, and the second drain pipes are communicated with the third drainage groove.
[0022] By adopting the above technical solution, the rainwater in the second drainage groove can be discharged to the ground through the first drain pipe, and the rainwater in the third drainage groove can be discharged to the ground through the second drain pipe.
[0023] Optionally, a ventilation opening is formed on the outer side of the second longitudinal beam, and a louver is installed at the ventilation opening.
[0024] In summary, the present application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:
[0025] 1. By adopting this structure for roofing construction, the prefabricated construction improves the construction efficiency of the BIPV photovoltaic building. Moreover, the photovoltaic modules are installed on the photovoltaic brackets, which will not damage the waterproof layer. When maintaining the waterproof layer in the later stage, the construction personnel can directly carry out maintenance operations in the operation passage without removing the photovoltaic modules, reducing the damage of the photovoltaic modules and facilitating the maintenance of the waterproof layer.
[0026] Furthermore, the lower precast slab, the upper photovoltaic panel and the surrounding walls form an enclosed space, and the air interlayer here greatly improves the roof insulation performance.
[0027] 2. The rainwater on the photovoltaic panel and the rainwater in the first drainage groove can be discharged into the second drainage groove, and the rainwater on the precast slab can be discharged into the third drainage groove, and then uniformly discharged from the building by the second drainage groove and the third drainage groove, so as to realize the drainage of the accumulated water on the roof and avoid the splashing of the rainwater falling from the roof everywhere. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0028] Figure 1 is the overall structural schematic diagram of the embodiment of the present application.
[0029] Figure 2 is the structural schematic diagram of the embodiment of the present application for showing the inverted beam and the concrete support plate.
[0030] Figure 3 is Figure 1 the enlarged schematic diagram of part A in
[0031] Figure 4 is Figure 1 the enlarged schematic diagram of part B in
[0032] Figure 5 is the structural schematic diagram of the embodiment of the present application for showing the first column and the second column.
[0033] Figure 6 isFigure 5 Enlarged schematic view of part C.
[0034] Figure 7 is Figure 5 Enlarged schematic view of part D.
[0035] Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the structure for embodying the second longitudinal beam in the embodiment of the present application.
[0036] Figure 9 is Figure 8 Enlarged schematic view of part E.
[0037] Explanation of reference numerals in the drawings: 1, inverted beam; 2, support part; 21, concrete support plate; 3, precast slab; 4, photovoltaic bracket; 5, photovoltaic module; 51, purlin; 52, support bar; 521, first drainage trough; 53, photovoltaic panel; 531, installation opening; 6, ventilation duct; 61, wind cap; 71, first column; 72, second column; 73, gable wall; 731, first grain condition observation port; 74, end wall; 741, grain condition observation door; 742, second grain condition observation port; 75, first longitudinal beam; 751, second drainage trough; 76, first drain pipe; 77, second longitudinal beam; 771, third drainage trough; 772, ventilation opening; 773, louver; 78, second drain pipe. Detailed implementation manners
[0038] The following further elaborates on the present application Figure 1-9 in conjunction with the appended drawings.
[0039] The embodiment of the present application discloses a BIPV prefabricated roof structure.
[0040] As Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 show, the BIPV prefabricated roof structure includes a plurality of inverted beams 1. The inverted beams 1 are arranged on the top of the building. Support parts 2 are provided on both sides of the plurality of inverted beams 1. The support parts 2 are concrete support plates 21. The concrete support plates 21 are integrally formed with the inverted beams 1. The concrete support plates 21 are arranged along the length direction of the inverted beams 1. The longitudinal sections of the concrete support plates 21 and the inverted beams 1 are inverted T-shaped. The height of the concrete support plates 21 gradually increases from both ends to the middle thereof. The plurality of inverted beams 1 are arranged in a plurality of columns. A plurality of precast slabs 3 are provided between adjacent inverted beams 1. The precast slabs 3 are SP slabs. The side edges of the precast slabs 3 are placed on the concrete support plates 21 on the same side. The adjacent precast slabs 3 are connected to each other. The plurality of precast slabs 3 together form a roof top plate. The top surfaces of the plurality of precast slabs 3 are jointly spliced into two inclined surfaces with opposite inclination directions.
[0041] A number of photovoltaic brackets 4 are embedded along the length of the top of the inverted beam 1. The number of photovoltaic brackets 4 on each inverted beam 1 is the same and is an even number. The lengths of the number of photovoltaic brackets 4 gradually increase in the direction closer to the middle of the inverted beam 1. The photovoltaic brackets 4 on each inverted beam 1 are arranged in a column.
[0042] As Figure 4 、 Figure 5 and Figure 6 , a number of photovoltaic brackets 4 are jointly connected to a photovoltaic module 5. The photovoltaic module 5 includes a number of purlins 51. Each row of photovoltaic brackets 4 is jointly connected to a column of purlins 51. The purlins 51 are C-shaped steel channels. The top surface of the purlin 51 is parallel to the top surface of the photovoltaic bracket 4. Support bars 52 are bolted to the top surfaces of each column of photovoltaic brackets 4. A number of columns of purlins 51 are also jointly bolted with support bars 52. The support bars 52 are arranged in a number of columns. A first drainage groove 521 is provided along the length direction of the support bar 52. The first drainage groove 521 runs through both ends of the support bar 52. A photovoltaic panel 53 is provided in the area jointly enclosed by every two adjacent purlins 51 and two adjacent support bars 52. The photovoltaic panel 53 is connected to the support bar 52. The longitudinal splicing seam of adjacent photovoltaic panels is aligned with the first drainage groove 521. The top surfaces of a number of photovoltaic panels 53 are jointly spliced into two inclined surfaces with opposite inclination directions.
[0043] There are fifteen photovoltaic panels 53 provided with installation openings 531. Every five installation openings 531 form a group. The four installation openings 531 in each group are respectively located at the four intersection points of a rectangular contour, and the other installation opening 531 is located at the center of the rectangle. A ventilation duct 6 is installed in each installation opening 531, and a wind cap 61 is installed on the ventilation duct 6.
[0044] Adjacent inverted beams 1, the precast slabs 3 between adjacent inverted beams 1, a number of photovoltaic brackets 4 and a number of photovoltaic panels 53 jointly enclose an operation passage. The height of the operation passage is two meters. The ventilation duct 6 is communicated with the operation passage.
[0045] During construction, first embed the photovoltaic brackets 4 in the inverted beam 1, connect the inverted beam 1 to the building, then hoist the precast slab 3 onto the concrete support slab 21. A number of precast slabs 3 jointly form a roof top slab. Then construct a waterproof layer on the precast slab 3. The waterproof layer turns up to the top surface of the inverted beam 1 and wraps the photovoltaic brackets 4. Then install the purlins 51 and the support bars 52 on the photovoltaic brackets 4, and install the photovoltaic panels 53 on the support bars 52 to complete the roof construction.
[0046] Using this structure for roof construction, the prefabricated construction improves the construction efficiency of the BIPV photovoltaic building. And the photovoltaic module 5 is installed on the photovoltaic brackets 4, which will not damage the waterproof layer. During the later maintenance of the waterproof layer, the construction workers can directly carry out maintenance operations in the operation passage without removing the photovoltaic module 5, reducing the damage of the photovoltaic module 5 and facilitating the maintenance of the waterproof layer.
[0047] Moreover, the top surface of the PV panel is inclined, which can collect more sunlight and convert it into electrical energy. Secondly, when it rains, the rainwater can slide along the surface of the PV panel 53, and the water seeping in from the joints of the PV panels can be drained away through the first drain trough 521. The top surface of the precast slab 3 is inclined, which can drain the rainwater falling on the precast slab 3, thereby greatly reducing the risk of roof leakage.
[0048] When the temperature inside the operation passage is high, the cold air can enter from both sides of the operation passage, and the hot air can flow out from the wind cap 61, realizing natural ventilation, reducing the situation of damage to the waterproof material caused by the high temperature inside the operation passage, and improving the protection of the waterproof layer.
[0049] Such as Figure 3 and Figure 5 In addition, the embodiment of the present application also provides a BIPV prefabricated bungalow silo. Applying the BIPV prefabricated roof structure of the embodiment of the present application, it includes a plurality of first columns 71 and a plurality of second columns 72. There is an eave wall 73 arranged between the plurality of first columns 71. A first grain condition observation port 731 is opened on the eave wall 73. A gable wall 74 is arranged between the plurality of second columns 72. A gable wall 74 is arranged between the first column 71 at the end and the adjacent second column 72. A grain condition observation door 741 and a second grain condition observation port 742 are arranged on one side of the gable wall 74. The first columns 71 on the same side are commonly connected with a first longitudinal beam 75. A second drain trough 751 is opened along the length direction of the first longitudinal beam 75. The end of the first drain trough 521 is located above the first longitudinal beam 75. A first drain pipe 76 is connected to the bottom of the first longitudinal beam 75. The first drain pipe 76 is communicated with the second drain trough 751. Both ends of the inverted beam 1 are respectively connected with the first columns 71 on both sides.
[0050] Such as Figure 3 、 Figure 7 、 Figure 8 and Figure 9 The adjacent two first columns 71 on the same side are commonly connected with a second longitudinal beam 77. A third drain trough 771 is opened along the length direction of the second longitudinal beam 77. The second longitudinal beam 77 is located below the first longitudinal beam 75. The top surface elevation of the precast slabs 3 on both sides is higher than the top surface elevation of the second longitudinal beam 77. A plurality of second drain pipes 78 are connected to the bottom of the second longitudinal beam 77. The second drain pipes 78 are communicated with the third drain trough 771. A ventilation opening 772 is opened on the outer side of the second longitudinal beam 77. The ventilation opening 772 is communicated with the operation passage. A shutter 773 is installed at the ventilation opening 772.
[0051] The rainwater on the photovoltaic panel 53 and in the first drain trough 521 can be discharged into the second drain trough 751. The rainwater in the second drain trough 751 can be discharged to the ground through the first drain pipe 76. The rainwater on the precast slab 3 can be discharged into the third drain trough 771, and the rainwater in the third drain trough 771 can be discharged to the ground through the second drain pipe 78, thereby realizing the drainage of the accumulated water on the roof and preventing the rainwater falling from the roof from splashing everywhere.
[0052] The above are all the preferred embodiments of this application, and the protection scope of this application is not limited accordingly. Therefore, all equivalent changes made according to the structure, shape, and principle of this application shall be covered within the protection scope of this application.
Claims
1. A BIPV prefabricated roof structure, characterized in that: It includes several inverted beams (1), and several of the inverted beams (1) are arranged in several columns. Support parts (2) are provided on both lower sides of each of the inverted beams (1). Several precast slabs (3) are arranged between adjacent inverted beams (1), and the precast slabs (3) are placed on the support parts (2). The several precast slabs (3) together form a roof top slab. Several photovoltaic brackets (4) are provided on the top of the inverted beams (1), and the several photovoltaic brackets (4) are jointly connected to a photovoltaic module (5). The adjacent inverted beams (1), the precast slabs (3) between the adjacent inverted beams (1), and the photovoltaic module (5) jointly enclose a heat-insulating air space and a maintenance passage.
2. The BIPV prefabricated roof structure according to claim 1, wherein: The several photovoltaic brackets (4) are arranged in several columns and several rows. The photovoltaic module (5) includes several purlins (51), and the purlins (51) are arranged in several columns. Each column of the purlins (51) is connected to the photovoltaic brackets (4) in the same row. Support bars (52) are jointly provided on the tops of the photovoltaic brackets (4) in the same column. Support bars (52) are also jointly provided on the tops of the several purlins (51). The several support bars (52) are arranged in several columns, and several photovoltaic panels (53) are jointly provided on the tops of the several support bars (52).
3. The BIPV prefabricated roof structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The number of rows of the photovoltaic brackets (4) is an even number. The photovoltaic brackets (4) in the middle row are the longest in length, and the lengths of the photovoltaic brackets (4) in the remaining rows gradually decrease in the direction away from the photovoltaic brackets (4) in the middle row. The support bars (52) are inclined, and the top surfaces of the several photovoltaic panels (53) are jointly spliced into two inclined surfaces with opposite inclined directions.
4. The BIPV prefabricated roof structure according to claim 3, characterized in that: The support bar (52) is provided with a first drainage groove (521) along its length direction, and the splicing seam of the photovoltaic panel (53) is aligned with the first drainage groove (521).
5. The BIPV prefabricated roof structure according to claim 4, characterized in that: The support part (2) is a concrete support slab (21), and the concrete support slab (21) is integrally formed with the inverted beam (1). The concrete support slab (21) is arranged along the length direction of the inverted beam (1). The height of the concrete support slab (21) gradually increases in the direction close to the vertical center line of the inverted beam (1). The ends of the several precast slabs (3) are all supported on the concrete support slab (21). The top surfaces of the several precast slabs (3) between two adjacent inverted beams (1) are jointly spliced into two inclined surfaces with opposite inclined directions.
6. The BIPV prefabricated roof structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: At least two of the photovoltaic panels (53) are provided with installation openings (531), and ventilation ducts (6) are installed in the installation openings (531), and wind caps (61) are provided on the ventilation ducts (6).
7. A BIPV prefabricated bungalow warehouse, characterized in that: Apply the BIPV prefabricated roof structure according to claim 5, characterized in that: it includes a number of first columns (71) and a number of second columns (72), an eave wall (73) is arranged between the number of first columns (71), a gable wall (74) is arranged between the number of second columns (72), the gable wall (74) is arranged between the first column (71) at the end and the adjacent second column (72), the first columns (71) on the same side are jointly provided with a first longitudinal beam (75), the first longitudinal beam (75) is provided with a second drainage groove (751) along its length direction, the end of the first drainage groove (521) is located above the first longitudinal beam (75), the first columns (71) on the same side are jointly provided with a second longitudinal beam (77), the second longitudinal beam (77) is provided with a third drainage groove (771) along its length direction, the second longitudinal beam (77) is located below the first longitudinal beam (75), and the top surface elevation of the precast slabs (3) on both sides is not lower than the top surface elevation of the second longitudinal beam (77).
8. The BIPV prefabricated bungalow warehouse according to claim 7, characterized in that: A number of first drain pipes (76) are arranged at the bottom of the first longitudinal beam (75), the first drain pipes (76) are communicated with the second drainage groove (751), a number of second drain pipes (78) are arranged at the bottom of the second longitudinal beam (77), and the second drain pipes (78) are communicated with the third drainage groove (771).
9. The BIPV prefabricated bungalow silo according to any one of claims 7 or 8, characterized in that: A ventilation opening (772) is arranged on the outer side of the second longitudinal beam (77), and a shutter (773) is installed at the ventilation opening (772).