Miniature turbine power generation system suitable for high altitude and low oxygen content

Abstract

The utility model relates to a miniature turbine power generation system suitable for high altitude and low oxygen content. The miniature turbine power generation system comprises an oxygen generation system, a gas compressor, a heat regenerator, a combustion chamber, a turbine and a power generator. A filter element is arranged at an inlet of the compressor, an outlet of the compressor is connected with an inlet of the oxygen generation system, oxygen-enriched gas is separated out by the oxygen generation system, the pressure in the shell is increased after the oxygen-enriched gas enters the shell, a bearing, a main shaft and a motor are cooled, and then the oxygen-enriched gas enters the compressor impeller to be compressed to form high-pressure oxygen-enriched gas; the heat regenerator is connected with high-pressure oxygen-enriched gas at an outlet of the gas compressor and tail gas at an outlet of the turbine, the high-pressure oxygen-enriched gas is heated through tail gas waste heat and then enters the combustion chamber, and high-temperature and high-pressure gas formed after combustion in the combustion chamber enters the turbine and then acts to generate electricity outwards. According to the utility model, the problems of difficult ignition, poor operation stability and low power generation efficiency of a miniature turbine power generation system in a high-altitude low-oxygen-content environment are solved; and the system has the characteristics of wide operation range, stable low-voltage ignition, reliable operation, high power generation efficiency and the like.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to a micro turbine power generation system suitable for high altitude and low oxygen content. Background Art

[0002] Micro turbine power generation systems are increasingly widely used on aircraft, and aircraft often operate in low-pressure environments at different altitudes. This requires micro turbine power generation systems to be able to adapt to a wider operating range of working conditions, especially to start and operate stably in high-altitude environments with low oxygen content.

[0003] In view of the characteristics of low pressure and low oxygen content in the operating environment of aircraft, it is more difficult to ignite the micro turbine power generation system in high-altitude environments, and the operation is extremely unstable. At present, most of the methods to solve the ignition difficulty of micro turbine power generation systems rely on idling the turbine through auxiliary means on the ground and then taking off. Among them, the auxiliary means such as the "starting and generating integrated system for micro and small turbojet engines" disclosed in the publication number CN110985215B uses high-pressure gas in a high-pressure gas cylinder to assist or dominate the rotation of the rotor of the micro turbojet engine; another example is the "method for correcting fuel supply during the acceleration section of an aeroengine during high-altitude start" disclosed in the publication number CN111734535B, which focuses on the fuel supply method during the acceleration section of the aeroengine after successful ignition. The above two methods belong to ground-assisted ignition and cannot cope with the difficult ignition scenario of micro turbines at high altitudes.

[0004] During the operation of the micro turbine power generation system, the compressor directly sucks in low-pressure and low-oxygen-content air in the environment, resulting in a lower pressure in the combustion chamber and a decrease in combustion efficiency, further leading to a reduction in turbine work and a decrease in system power generation. At the same time, the low-pressure air has a poor cooling effect on the bearings used in the micro turbine, which will lead to poor operation stability and an increase in failure rate of the micro turbine power generation system.

[0005] Therefore, it is necessary to optimize and improve the pain points of difficult ignition and poor stability of the micro turbine power generation system in high-altitude environments with low oxygen content. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The utility model provides a micro turbine power generation system suitable for high altitude and low oxygen content, which is used to solve the problems of difficult ignition, poor operation stability and low power generation efficiency of the micro turbine power generation system in high-altitude environments with low oxygen content. This system has the characteristics of a wide operating range, stable low-pressure ignition, reliable operation and high power generation efficiency.

[0007] The technical solution adopted by the utility model to solve the above problems is as follows:

[0008] On the one hand, the utility model provides a micro turbine power generation system suitable for high altitude and low oxygen content, which is characterized in that:

[0009] It includes an oxygen generation system, a compressor, a regenerator, a combustion chamber, a turbine and a generator;

[0010] The oxygen generation system includes a compressor and an oxygen generation module;

[0011] The compressor includes a motor, a main shaft, bearings, a housing, a compressor impeller and a compressor volute. The main shaft is supported by the bearings to drive the compressor impeller to rotate; the motor, the main shaft and the bearings are arranged inside the housing; one end of the main shaft is installed with the compressor impeller, and the compressor impeller is located inside the compressor volute, and this end is the compressor outlet; the other end of the main shaft is installed with the turbine;

[0012] A filter element is provided at the compressor inlet, and the compressor outlet is connected to the inlet of the oxygen generation system. The compressor compresses the outside air and then enters the oxygen generation system, and the oxygen generation system separates out oxygen-rich gas;

[0013] Before the compressor starts and after it stops, the oxygen-rich gas enters the housing to increase the pressure inside the housing, and cools the bearings, the main shaft and the motor, improving the operating stability of the compressor and the service life of the bearings, and then enters the compressor impeller for compression to form high-pressure oxygen-rich gas;

[0014] The regenerator is connected to the high-pressure oxygen-rich gas at the compressor outlet and the exhaust gas at the turbine outlet, and uses the waste heat of the exhaust gas to heat the high-pressure oxygen-rich gas to form high-temperature and high-pressure oxygen-rich gas; the high-temperature and high-pressure oxygen-rich gas enters the combustion chamber, and the combustion chamber burns the high-temperature and high-pressure oxygen-rich gas to form high-temperature and high-pressure gas, and the high-temperature and high-pressure gas enters the turbine to do work and generate electricity externally.

[0015] Further, the bearing is one of a gas bearing, a magnetic bearing or a ball bearing.

[0016] Further, the compressor volute is connected to the housing of the compressor. The oxygen-rich gas enters the housing to increase the pressure inside the housing, and cools the bearings, the main shaft and the motor, and then enters the compressor volute, and is compressed by the compressor impeller to form high-pressure oxygen-rich gas.

[0017] Further, an air inlet is provided on the outer side of the housing of the compressor near the turbine end, and this air inlet is connected to the oxygen outlet of the oxygen generation module. The oxygen-rich gas enters the housing from this air inlet to increase the pressure inside the housing, and cools the bearings, the main shaft and the motor.

[0018] Further, the oxygen generation module is a molecular sieve type oxygen generator or a membrane separation oxygen generator.

[0019] Advantages of the present utility model:

[0020] The micro-turbine power generation system applicable to high altitude and low oxygen content provided by the present utility model. The oxygen generation system includes a compressor that can increase the intake pressure of the compressor, stabilize the intake pressure of the compressor according to different ambient pressures, enable the compressor to operate stably in a low-pressure environment, expand the operating range of the power generation system, and enhance stability; the compressor can provide a high-pressure environment for the housing before and after the compressor starts and stops, which helps to increase the starting stability of the compressor and the bearing life;

[0021] The micro-turbine power generation system applicable to high altitude and low oxygen content provided by the present utility model can provide a higher pressure inside the housing, the bearings inside the housing operate more stably, and the stability of the power generation system is increased;

[0022] The micro-turbine power generation system applicable to high altitude and low oxygen content provided by the present utility model. The oxygen generation system can reduce the nitrogen content entering the system, reduce the inlet flow rate of the compressor and the power consumption of the compressor, thereby increasing the power generation of the entire system;

[0023] The micro-turbine power generation system applicable to high altitude and low oxygen content provided by the present utility model. The oxygen generation system can increase the oxygen content inside the system. The recuperator can recover the waste heat of the exhaust gas at the turbine outlet to the oxygen-rich gas at the compressor outlet, greatly improve the combustion efficiency in the combustion chamber, and at the same time achieve the effect of pressurized oxygen-rich combustion, thereby increasing the turbine expansion work efficiency and the power generation efficiency of the system.

[0024] The micro-turbine power generation system applicable to high altitude and low oxygen content provided by the present utility model. The compressor can provide a high-pressure environment for the housing before and after the compressor starts and stops, increasing the starting stability of the compressor and the bearing life. Description of the Drawings

[0025] Figure 1 It is the connection schematic diagram of the micro-turbine power generation system applicable to extremely low pressure environment provided by the present utility model. Detailed Embodiments

[0026] To make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present utility model clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are some, but not all, of the embodiments of the present utility model. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present utility model. Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present utility model provided in the drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the present utility model to be protected, but merely represents the selected embodiments of the present utility model.

[0027] Embodiment 1

[0028] See Figure 1 Figure 1 , a micro turbine power generation system applicable to high altitude with low oxygen content, comprising an oxygen generation system, a compressor, a regenerator, a combustion chamber, a turbine and a generator. The oxygen generation system includes a compressor and an oxygen generation module; the oxygen generation module can be various oxygen separation devices or equipment such as molecular sieve or permeable membrane. The turbine includes a turbine expansion volute and a turbine expansion impeller.

[0029] The compressor includes a motor, a main shaft, bearings, a housing, a compressor impeller and a compressor volute. The main shaft is supported by the bearings, and the main shaft drives the compressor impeller to rotate. The motor, the main shaft and the bearings are arranged inside the housing; the left end of the main shaft is installed with the compressor impeller, the compressor impeller is located inside the compressor volute, the compressor volute is connected to the housing, and the compressor volute is provided with a compressor outlet; the other end of the main shaft is installed with the turbine expansion impeller, the turbine expansion impeller is located inside the turbine expansion volute, and the turbine expansion volute is connected to the housing.

[0030] A filter element is provided at the compressor inlet for filtering impurities in the air. The compressor outlet is connected to the inlet of the oxygen generation system. The compressor compresses the outside air and then enters the oxygen generation system. The oxygen generation system separates out nitrogen-rich gas and oxygen-rich gas respectively. The nitrogen-rich gas is discharged, and the oxygen-rich gas enters the housing before and after the compressor starts and stops to increase the pressure inside the housing, and cools the bearings, the main shaft and the motor, improving the operating stability of the compressor and the bearing life. Then it enters the compressor impeller for compression to form high-pressure oxygen-rich gas; the regenerator is connected to the high-pressure oxygen-rich gas at the compressor outlet and the exhaust gas at the turbine outlet, and uses the waste heat of the exhaust gas to heat the high-pressure oxygen-rich gas to form high-temperature and high-pressure oxygen-rich gas; the high-temperature and high-pressure oxygen-rich gas enters the combustion chamber, and the combustion chamber burns the high-temperature and high-pressure oxygen-rich gas to form high-temperature and high-pressure gas. The high-temperature and high-pressure gas enters the turbine to do work and generate electricity externally, outputting electrical energy. The high-temperature and low-pressure exhaust gas at the turbine outlet enters the regenerator for waste heat recovery.

[0031] The bearings, the main shaft and the motor can obtain better stability after being cooled by the oxygen-rich gas. The compressor impeller only compresses and does work on the oxygen-rich gas inside the housing, with smaller flow rate and less power consumption; in the case of lower external environmental pressure, the oxygen generation system provides a pressure higher than the external environment and a stable flow rate inside the compressor housing, and cools the bearings, the main shaft and the motor inside the housing to ensure that the compressor is not affected by the change of external environmental pressure during operation and can operate stably.

[0032] Specifically, the bearing is various bearing devices such as gas bearings, magnetic bearings, or ball bearings that can support the rotation of the main shaft. The compressor can adjust the outlet pressure, that is, the pressure inside the housing, according to the external air pressure, and at the same time control the oxygen flow rate at the inlet of the compressor; the oxygen generation module can be placed at the outlet or inlet of the compressor to facilitate the adjustment of the separation efficiency of the oxygen generation module.

[0033] Specifically, the compressor volute is connected to the housing of the compressor. After the oxygen-rich gas enters the housing, it increases the pressure inside the housing and cools the bearing, main shaft, and motor, and then enters the compressor volute. After being compressed by the compressor impeller, high-pressure oxygen-rich gas is formed.

[0034] Specifically, an air inlet is provided on the outer side of the housing of the compressor near the turbine end. This air inlet is connected to the oxygen outlet of the oxygen generation module. After the oxygen-rich gas enters the housing from this air inlet, it increases the pressure inside the housing and cools the bearing, main shaft, and motor.

[0035] In this embodiment, the regenerator is connected to the compressor outlet and the combustion chamber inlet, as well as the turbine outlet and the external environment. The gas at the compressor outlet successively absorbs the heat dissipated by the motor generating electricity inside the housing, the heat of the bearing and main shaft, and the heat input by the work done by the compressor, and further absorbs the high-quality waste heat of the turbine exhaust gas in the regenerator; the regenerator makes full use of various heats generated in the system to increase the temperature of the high-pressure oxygen-rich gas at the combustion chamber inlet and further increase the work done by the turbine, while reducing the heat pollution generated by the exhaust gas emissions.

[0036] In this embodiment, the combustion chamber inlet is connected to the high-pressure oxygen-rich gas outlet of the regenerator, and the outlet is connected to the turbine inlet; the gas at the combustion chamber inlet is high-temperature oxygen-rich gas. The combustion efficiency is higher when the high-temperature oxygen-rich gas and fuel burn, which can make the fuel burn more fully, and thus provide a greater energy density at the turbine inlet and increase the work done efficiency of the turbine.

[0037] Preferably, the compressor and the oxygen generation module are used in cooperation. The main goal is to provide a pressure difference for the oxygen generation module and a higher pressure inside the compressor housing.

[0038] In this embodiment, the gas at the compressor inlet is oxygen-rich gas. The air flow rate of the oxygen-rich gas is much smaller than that at the inlet of the oxygen generation system. This can enable the compressor to only compress the oxygen-rich gas, greatly reducing the compression work consumed and increasing the output work of the turbine; at the same time, the oxygen-rich gas can increase the combustion efficiency of the combustion chamber and further increase the work done by the turbine; in addition, the oxygen-rich gas first cools the bearing and main shaft and absorbs the heat dissipated by the motor generating electricity, and also absorbs the waste heat of the turbine outlet exhaust gas in the regenerator, making full use of the heat of the entire power generation system for the turbine to do work and generate electricity.

[0039] In summary, the micro turbine power generation system applicable to high altitude and low oxygen content provided by the present utility model uses an oxygen generation system to reduce the nitrogen content in the system, increase the pressure in the compressor housing and the oxygen content of the system. The increase in the housing pressure better cools the bearings and increases the operating stability of the compressor. The increase in oxygen and decrease in nitrogen in the system reduce the power consumption of the compressor for compressing the working medium and improve the combustion efficiency of the combustion chamber. The regenerator increases the intake air temperature of the combustion chamber, further increases the turbine intake air temperature, increases the work done by the turbine and power generation, and at the same time recovers the high temperature of the exhaust gas at the turbine outlet, reducing the thermal emission pollution of the power generation system. Since the oxygen generation system arranged in front of the compressor provides a higher pressure for the compressor housing than the external environment, it ensures the stable operation of the turbine system in a low-pressure environment.

[0040] The above are only the embodiments of the present utility model, and do not limit the protection scope of the present utility model. Any equivalent structure or equivalent process transformation made by using the content of the specification and drawings of the present utility model, or directly or indirectly applied in other related system fields, shall be included in the protection scope of the present utility model by the same token.

Claims

1. A micro turbine power generation system applicable to high altitude with low oxygen content, characterized in that: It includes an oxygen generation system, a compressor, a regenerator, a combustion chamber, a turbine and a generator; The oxygen generation system includes a compressor and an oxygen generation module; The compressor includes a motor, a main shaft, bearings, a housing, a compressor impeller and a compressor volute. The main shaft is supported by the bearings to drive the compressor impeller to rotate; the motor, the main shaft and the bearings are arranged in the housing; one end of the main shaft is installed with the compressor impeller, and the compressor impeller is located in the compressor volute, and this end is the compressor outlet; the other end of the main shaft is installed with the turbine; A filter element is provided at the inlet of the compressor. The outlet of the compressor is connected to the inlet of the oxygen generation system. The oxygen generation system separates out oxygen-rich gas. The oxygen-rich gas enters the housing before and after the compressor starts and stops to increase the pressure in the housing, and cools the bearings, the main shaft and the motor, and then enters the compressor impeller for compression to form high-pressure oxygen-rich gas; The regenerator is connected to the high-pressure oxygen-rich gas at the outlet of the compressor and the exhaust gas at the outlet of the turbine, and uses the waste heat of the exhaust gas to heat the high-pressure oxygen-rich gas to form high-temperature and high-pressure oxygen-rich gas; the high-temperature and high-pressure oxygen-rich gas enters the combustion chamber, and the combustion chamber burns the high-temperature and high-pressure oxygen-rich gas to form high-temperature and high-pressure gas. The high-temperature and high-pressure gas enters the turbine to do work and generate electricity externally.

2. The micro turbine power generation system applicable to high altitude with low oxygen content according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bearings are gas bearings, magnetic bearings or ball bearings.

3. The micro turbine power generation system applicable to high altitude with low oxygen content according to claim 1, characterized in that: The compressor volute is connected to the housing of the compressor.

4. The micro turbine power generation system applicable to high altitude with low oxygen content according to claim 1, characterized in that: An air inlet is provided on the outer side of the housing of the compressor near the turbine end, and the air inlet is connected to the oxygen outlet of the oxygen generation module.

5. The micro turbine power generation system applicable to high altitude with low oxygen content according to claim 1, characterized in that: The oxygen generation module is a molecular sieve type oxygen generator or a membrane separation oxygen generator.

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