Convergence monitoring point distribution device for large-diameter shield tunnel

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the field of tunnel structure parameter monitoring and measurement, and particularly relates to a large-diameter shield tunnel convergence monitoring point distribution device. Comprising a horizontal ruler, a waist ruler and a reflector pasting device arranged at the tail end of the waist ruler, the horizontal ruler is formed by splicing three separated ruler sections and comprises a horizontal ruler middle section arranged in the middle and horizontal ruler extending sections located on the two sides, and the splicing positions of the horizontal ruler middle section and the horizontal ruler extending sections are connected through screws and flange rings; the contact point of the end part of the extension section of the leveling instrument and the shield wall is arc-shaped, the upper part of the contact point is an inclined surface, and a groove is formed in the inclined surface; the waist ruler adopts a telescopic multi-stage hollow round rod, one end of the waist ruler is provided with a positioning and limiting ball shaft which is matched with the inclined surface groove of the extension section of the horizontal ruler, and the other end of the waist ruler is provided with a threaded hole. The utility model has the advantages that the measuring points can be quickly arranged; the measuring points are distributed in a high-efficiency, high-quality and high-accuracy manner; different stationing requirements are met; flexibility is improved and equipment deformation is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the field of tunnel structure parameter monitoring and measurement, and particularly relates to a convergence monitoring point layout device for a large-diameter shield tunnel. Background Technique

[0002] The selection of the staggered joint splicing or straight joint splicing process for shield tunnels is usually related to the shield diameter. At present, the diameter of the single-track (or single-tunnel) tunnels of urban rail transit in China is generally between 5m and 6.5m. The outer diameter size can ensure the safe passage of trains, avoid the collision and friction between the trains and the tunnel wall, and can ensure the stability of the tunnel, with certain economy and feasibility. For such shields with relatively small diameters, the straight joint splicing method is usually adopted to achieve rapid construction. On the contrary, the larger the shield diameter, the more complex the construction environment it needs to adapt to. For example, in the construction of urban underground tunnels of urban rail lines, the staggered joint splicing method needs to be adopted to reduce the danger caused by the stress concentration at the splicing joints.

[0003] The convergence of shield tunnels, as one of the important indicators for evaluating the safety performance of tunnels, needs to be focused on and is a mandatory measurement item. At present, the manual measurement method is mostly used in each city. For small and medium-diameter shield tunnels with a diameter of about 6m or less, due to the straight joint splicing process, the segment straight joints are continuous, neat, and easy to identify. When laying convergence monitoring points at the middle section perpendicular to the tunnel axis of a certain ring segment, first calculate the theoretical distance L from the position where the measuring points need to be laid to the segment straight joint through the design section drawing. Then, the rough layout method usually takes the segment straight joints in the upper middle parts of the two waists of the tunnel as the reference, and manually uses tools such as steel tape measures to measure downwards by this theoretical distance L to roughly determine the positions where the convergence monitoring measuring points are to be laid. Then, cross lines are scratched, a cross grid is sprayed, or a reflective sheet is pasted at the positions where the measuring points are to be laid as the convergence monitoring positions.

[0004] When making the observation point marks on site, for tunnels with a diameter less than 6m, construction workers with a standard height (1.7m) can easily complete the layout work of the measuring points without the cooperation of equipment such as aerial work platforms or ladders by using the existing auxiliary facilities such as drainage pipes and escape platforms in the tunnel and tools such as steel tape measures, and it is also easy to ensure the installation accuracy.

[0005] At present, the suburban railway, which is vigorously developed in various provinces and cities, is another new supplementary form of urban rail transit. Also known as the suburban railway, it is a rapid line serving between the main urban areas of big cities and new towns, as well as between towns in the near urban areas and new towns. The stations are connected by medium and long-distance interval lines, and together with the urban subway lines, they form a complete urban rail transit system. The planned mileage has reached new highs, and in the future, a large number of kilometers of operation and maintenance intervals will be required. Its indicators such as station spacing and speed target are between national railways and urban rail transit. Correspondingly, the tunnel diameter is larger than that of urban rail transit tunnels, usually 8 - 12m, and is usually designed as a double track from the perspectives of actual use and economics. And double-track tunnels are generally divided into two types: one is a single-hole double-track, and the other is a double-hole double-track.

[0006] The following are several problems in implementing the traditional small-diameter shield tunnel convergence monitoring layout method introduced above in the scenario of this large-diameter shield tunnel: First, the accuracy of the manual measurement-based layout method with the internal characteristics of the tunnel as the benchmark is not high. For example, the process of staggered joint splicing causes the measurement benchmark to be easily confused during manual monitoring layout, and in addition, the deviation between construction and design will cause a certain dislocation of the layout position; Second, the larger tunnel diameter makes it difficult for personnel to implement the monitoring layout work without the help of external equipment such as aerial work platforms; Third, the applicability of the simply made layout device is not good. The principle is to customize the equipment after calculating the lengths of the bottom ruler and the waist ruler through the theoretical calculation of the design cross-section diagram of the large-diameter shield tunnel. It is composed of three separated ruler segments, and finally, personnel manually carry out the layout operation through equipment such as ladders or work vehicles. This method also has the disadvantages of being difficult to carry, only applicable to one tunnel diameter, easy deformation of the device, unstable contact of the ruler segments, and relatively rough construction operation process. In order to efficiently and accurately complete the convergence monitoring layout work of large-diameter shield tunnels, it is necessary to develop a portable, easy-to-operate convergence monitoring layout device that does not require the cooperation of external mechanical equipment to improve the accuracy and efficiency of this work. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The purpose of the present utility model is to solve the problems existing in the implementation of the current traditional small-diameter shield tunnel convergence monitoring layout method in the scenario of this large-diameter shield tunnel. The accuracy of the manual measurement-based layout method with the internal characteristics of the tunnel as the benchmark is not high. The larger tunnel diameter makes it difficult for personnel to implement the monitoring layout work without the help of external equipment such as aerial work platforms, and the applicability of the simply made layout device is not good. A large-diameter shield tunnel convergence monitoring layout device is provided to improve the efficiency of the convergence monitoring layout work of large-diameter shield tunnels and the portability of the equipment, adapt to the construction requirements of multiple tunnel diameters, and improve the accuracy and efficiency of shield construction.

[0008] To achieve the above purpose, the present utility model designs a large-diameter shield tunnel convergence monitoring layout device, including a horizontal ruler, a waist ruler, and a reflective sheet pasting device arranged at the end of the waist ruler.

[0009] The level ruler is formed by splicing three separate ruler sections, including a middle section of the level ruler arranged in the middle, and extension sections of the level ruler located on both sides. The joints of the middle section of the level ruler and the extension sections of the level ruler are connected by screws and flange rings.

[0010] The contact point between the end of the horizontal ruler extension section and the shield wall is in an arc shape, which is used to be stably placed on the arc-shaped segment. The upper part of the contact point is an inclined surface, and a groove is provided on the inclined surface.

[0011] The waist ruler adopts a retractable multi-stage hollow round rod. A positioning and limiting ball shaft is provided at one end of the waist ruler, which cooperates with the inclined slope groove of the horizontal ruler extension section to limit the freedom of the waist ruler so that it can only rotate along the groove position. A threaded hole is provided at the other end of the waist ruler for connecting the reflective sheet pasting device.

[0012] Preferably, a level bubble is embedded and fixed in the middle section of the level ruler.

[0013] Preferably, locking rings are provided between the telescopic rods at each stage of the waist ruler.

[0014] Preferably, the reflective sheet pasting device consists of two parts: a threaded steel rod and a steel sheet with a cross partition on the back. The threaded steel rod at the lower part is connected to the threaded hole at the other end of the waist ruler. A steel sheet with a cross partition on the back is welded to the upper part of the threaded steel rod. The size of the steel sheet matches the size of the reflective sheet to be used.

[0015] Preferably, the flexible magnetic reflective sheet has a three-layer structure, including a lower adhesive layer, a middle flexible magnetic layer and a surface reflective texture layer. The adhesive layer is used to stick the reflective sheet on the surface of the shield tunnel, the texture layer is used to determine the center position of the reflective sheet and assist in measurement, and the middle flexible magnetic layer is used to be adsorbed and fixed to the reflective sheet sticking device with a transverse partition steel sheet.

[0016] Preferably, the level ruler extension section can be replaced by a retractable level ruler extension section, and the retractable level ruler extension section has an open hollow structure on one side close to the level ruler middle section, which is used for inserting the level ruler middle section and is tightened and connected with screws.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following advantages:

[0018] When arranging convergence measuring points in a large-diameter shield tunnel, this device can be used to complete the measurement point layout conveniently and quickly.

[0019] First, in the absence of a ladder or aerial work vehicle, two operators can cooperate to complete the measurement point layout with high efficiency, high quality and high accuracy;

[0020] Second, the standardized segmental design and the general modular combination method can meet the layout requirements in various tunnel structures with different diameters, different heights of escape platforms, with or without intermediate partition walls;

[0021] Third, the segmental design enables convenient carrying by operators, improves flexibility, reduces deformation during equipment storage, and enhances the device accuracy during long-term high-frequency operations;

[0022] Fourth, this device does not significantly change the traditional layout method and can achieve rapid layout in large-diameter shield tunnels without excessive modification of existing materials. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the layout device and tunnel cross-section for a large shield tunnel without an intermediate partition wall;

[0024] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the connection between the middle section and the extension section of the spirit level;

[0025] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the connection between the extension section of the spirit level and the waist ruler;

[0026] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the waist ruler;

[0027] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the connection between the waist ruler and the reflective sticker device;

[0028] Figure 6 Structural diagram of the flexible magnetic adsorption reflective sheet;

[0029] Figure 7 Side view cross-sectional view of the flexible magnetic adsorption reflective sheet;

[0030] Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the layout device and tunnel cross-section for a large shield tunnel with an intermediate partition wall structure;

[0031] Figure 9 Structural diagram of the extendable extension section of the spirit level;

[0032] Figure 10 Schematic diagram of the construction calculation for a large shield tunnel.

[0033] In the figure: 1. Spirit level; 1-1. Middle section of the spirit level; 1-2. Extension section of the spirit level; 1-3. Extendable extension section of the spirit level; 2. Waist ruler; 3. Reflective sticker device; 3-1. Threaded steel rod; 3-2. Steel sheet with transverse partition on the back; 4. Flexible magnetic adsorption reflective sheet; 4-1. Lower paste layer; 4-2. Flexible magnetic adsorption layer; 4-3. Surface reflective texture layer. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0034] To make the purpose, principle and structure of the present utility model clearer, the following further elaborates in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0035] The present utility model provides a large-diameter shield tunnel convergence monitoring point layout device, which mainly consists of a spirit level 1, a waist ruler 2 and a reflective sheet pasting device at the end of the waist ruler. With the flexible magnetic reflective sheet 4, it can realize the rapid layout of large-diameter shield tunnels. See Figure 1 、 Figure 9 , and there are two situations of tunnel structures with and without a middle partition wall in this scenario.

[0036] I. Point layout device for large shield tunnels (or tunnels during construction period) without a middle partition wall

[0037] (1) See Figure 1 、 Figure 2 , the spirit level 1 is composed of three separated scale segments spliced together. The middle segment 1-1 of the spirit level and the extension segments 1-2 at both ends are both made of rectangular aluminum alloy structures. The middle segment 1-1 and the extension segments 1-2 are connected by screws and flange rings at the splicing points; a spirit bubble is embedded and fixed in the middle segment of the spirit level; the length of the extension segment of the spirit level is preferably 1.5 - 2m, which is convenient for carrying, and different standard length segments can also be customized and selected according to different tunnel diameters; the extension segments 1-2 of the spirit level are also extended and connected by screws and flange rings to adapt to different tunnel diameters.

[0038] See Figure 3 , the contact points at both ends of the extension segment 1-2 of the spirit level with the shield wall are circular arcs, which are convenient for stable placement on the arc-shaped segment; the upper part of the contact point is an inclined plane, which is used for stable placement of the waist ruler; during use, the two end segments are respectively connected to the middle segment by flanges and screws. After connection, the overall combined scale segments are placed on the shield wall, and manually adjusted to be horizontal with the spirit bubble in the middle segment centered; at the lower part of the telescopic round rod at the lowest end of the waist ruler 2, there are positioning and limiting ball shafts, which are fixed with the inclined plane at the end of the horizontal rod through slots, restricting the degree of freedom of the waist ruler so that it can only rotate along the slots.

[0039] (2) See Figure 4 、 Figure 5 , the waist ruler adopts a telescopic multi-stage hollow round rod; the maximum outer diameter of the round rod is about 35mm, with 4 - 5 stages of telescoping. After overall contraction, the total length of a single round rod is about 1m; there are locking rings between each stage of the telescopic rod. After adjusting the length, rotate the locking ring to lock the telescopic rod; at the inner side of the upper end of the frontmost telescopic rod, there is a threaded hole, and the reflective sheet pasting device 3 can be fixed through threads.

[0040] (3) See Figure 5 、 Figure 6 、 Figure 7, the reflective sheet pasting device 3 consists of two parts: a threaded steel rod 3-1 and a steel sheet 3-2 with a transverse partition on the back. The lower threaded steel rod can be screwed into the threaded hole inside the front end of the telescopic multi-stage round rod at the uppermost end of the waist ruler 2. A steel sheet with ridges on the back is welded to the upper part of the threaded steel rod, and the size of the steel sheet is the same as the size of the reflective sheet to be used.

[0041] The flexible magnetic adsorption reflective sheet 4 required for layout is a customized three-layer structure, namely a lower pasting layer 4-1, a middle flexible magnetic adsorption layer 4-2, and a surface reflective texture layer 4-3. The pasting layer 4-1 is used to paste the reflective sheet on the surface of the shield tunnel, the texture layer 4-3 is used to determine the center position of the reflective sheet and assist in measurement, and the middle flexible magnetic adsorption layer 4-2 is used for simple adsorption and fixation with the ridged steel sheet.

[0042] II. Layout device for large shield tunnels (or tunnels during construction period) with middle partition wall structures

[0043] See Figure 8 , Figure 9 , the middle section 1-1 of the spirit level and the extended section 1-2 of the spirit level close to the middle partition wall structure are the same as the aforementioned layout device for tunnels without middle partition walls. However, for the layout device for tunnels without middle partition wall structures, tunnels with different diameters can be adapted by increasing or decreasing the extended section of the spirit level, or selecting an appropriate length of the extended section of the spirit level. Due to the absence of a middle partition wall structure, the assembled spirit level section can be horizontally erected on a certain horizontal chord between the two waists of the tunnel, and a suitable position below the horizontal transverse diameter can always be found in the height direction to stably erect the spirit level between the two waists of the tunnel.

[0044] In tunnels with middle partition wall structures, when using this device for measuring point layout operations, the existing structure of the tunnel, namely the escape platform, is utilized, and one end of the spirit level is erected on the escape platform. Since different tunnel diameters are different, and there will be differences in the distance between the escape platform and the tunnel bed, the length of the spirit level spliced according to the standard length segments may not exactly be horizontally placed on the escape platform and the tunnel sidewall. Therefore, in order to adapt to different tunnel structure sizes, a spirit level extended section 1-3 is provided at the end close to the tunnel segment.

[0045] The spirit level extended section 1-3 has the function of telescoping and fixing, and the telescoping length should be 1m to cope with various tunnels with different diameters and different heights of escape platforms. The waist ruler 2 and the reflective sheet pasting device 3 in the layout device for tunnels with middle partition wall structures are the same as those for tunnels without middle partition walls, and the components are universal and the basic connection methods are the same.

[0046] III. The operation process of using this device for large-diameter shield tunnels is as follows (see Figure 10 ):

[0047] 1. Assemble the bottom ruler, calculate the length of the bottom ruler, and adjust the level of the bottom ruler

[0048] According to the designed diameter D of the tunnel, select standard sections of a suitable length for the spirit level and splice and assemble them. Then place the combined spirit level section horizontally on the shield segment (ensuring that the placement height of the spirit level is within the range of an adult's upright upper body); adjust the attitude of the spirit level section to make the bubble in the middle section of the spirit level centered, ensuring that the spirit level section is placed horizontally and stably.

[0049] 2. Calculate the length of the spirit level

[0050] ① Calculate the total length L of the spirit level after connection according to the lengths of each standard section, and check it by on-site measurement.

[0051] 3. Calculate the length of the waist ruler (calculate the length of the waist ruler through a fixed calculation formula)

[0052] ② The vertical distance H from the spirit level to the transverse diameter of the tunnel:

[0053]

[0054] ③ The calculation formula for the length h of the waist ruler:

[0055]

[0056] 4. Adjust the length of the waist ruler and place it at the end of the spirit level

[0057] On-site, adjust the telescopic rod of the waist ruler to the length h. Manually measure and fix the length of the waist ruler with a steel tape measure. The starting point is the bottom end of the waist ruler, and the starting end point is the edge of the back of the reflective sheet pasting device. Then place the waist ruler at the reserved installation groove of the spirit level, and ensure that the waist ruler and the spirit level are in the same cross-section through the limiting device at the connection between the waist ruler and the spirit level.

[0058] 5. Place the magnetic reflective sheet and paste it

[0059] Place the magnetic reflective sticker 4 on the reflective sheet pasting device 3 at the top of the waist ruler. The flexible magnetic reflective sticker is connected to the device 3 through adsorption force, which only serves as a fixing function. Then gently place the waist ruler on the tunnel segment by its own weight, and complete the pasting action of the reflective sheet through the adhesive on the pasting surface of the reflective sheet.

[0060] 6. Move the device to the next cross-section and repeat steps 1 - 5

[0061] Continue to complete the layout work for other cross-sections.

[0062] The above is only the specific implementation manner of this utility model, but the protection scope of this utility model is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed by this utility model, according to the technical solution and the concept of this utility model, makes equivalent substitutions or changes, and should be covered within the protection scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. A convergence monitoring point layout device for large-diameter shield tunnels, characterized in that It includes a spirit level, a waist ruler, and a reflective sheet pasting device arranged at the end of the waist ruler. The spirit level is spliced by three separated ruler segments, including a middle segment of the spirit level arranged in the middle and extending segments of the spirit level located on both sides. The splicing part between the middle segment of the spirit level and the extending segments of the spirit level is connected by screws and flange rings. The contact point between the end of the extending segment of the spirit level and the shield wall is arc-shaped, which is used for stably placing on the arc-shaped segment. The upper part of the contact point is an inclined plane, and there is a groove on the inclined plane. The waist ruler uses a telescopic multi-stage hollow round rod. One end of the waist ruler is provided with a positioning and limiting ball shaft, which cooperates with the groove on the inclined plane of the extending segment of the spirit level to limit the degree of freedom of the waist ruler so that it can only rotate along the groove position. The other end of the waist ruler is provided with a threaded hole for connecting the reflective sheet pasting device.

2. The large-diameter shield tunnel convergence monitoring point layout device according to claim 1, characterized in that A bubble level is fixedly embedded in the middle segment of the spirit level.

3. The large-diameter shield tunnel convergence monitoring point layout device according to claim 1, characterized in that There is a locking ring between the telescopic rods of the waist ruler.

4. The large-diameter shield tunnel convergence monitoring point layout device according to claim 1, characterized in that The reflective sheet pasting device consists of a threaded steel rod and a steel sheet with a cross partition on the back. The threaded steel rod located at the lower part is connected with the threaded hole at the other end of the waist ruler in a matching way. A steel sheet with a cross partition on the back is welded on the upper part of the threaded steel rod, and the size of the steel sheet matches the size of the reflective sheet to be used.

5. A large-diameter shield tunnel convergence monitoring point layout device according to claim 1, characterized in that It also includes a flexible magnetic reflective sheet. The flexible magnetic reflective sheet has a three-layer structure, which are a lower paste layer, a middle flexible magnetic layer, and a surface reflective texture layer. The paste layer is used for pasting the reflective sheet on the surface of the shield tunnel. The texture layer is used for determining the center position of the reflective sheet and assisting in measurement. The middle flexible magnetic layer is used for adsorbing and fixing with the steel sheet with a cross partition of the reflective sheet pasting device.

6. A large-diameter shield tunnel convergence monitoring point layout device according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that The extending segment of the spirit level can be replaced with a telescopic extending segment of the spirit level. The side of the telescopic extending segment of the spirit level close to the middle segment of the spirit level is an open hollow structure for the insertion of the middle segment of the spirit level, and it is connected by screwing tightly.

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