Seepage monitoring system adopting big data algorithm

Abstract

The utility model relates to a seepage monitoring system adopting a big data algorithm. The seepage monitoring system comprises a seepage monitoring internet-of-things device, an auxiliary assembly and a background management subsystem, the seepage monitoring internet-of-things device calculates dam single width seepage flow, dam foundation single width seepage flow and dam comprehensive seepage flow of each section according to the collected osmometer data and water level meter data by adopting a big data algorithm; the seepage monitoring internet-of-things device sends data to the background management subsystem in an internet-of-things mode, and the background management subsystem stores, calculates, displays, alarms, sets and the like the data. According to the utility model, the seepage condition of the dam in the water conservancy project can be monitored in all directions, the seepage distribution condition in the dam is calculated, and the seepage trend is analyzed; the device has fewer components, is convenient to mount, has small influence on the dam in the mounting process, and is easy to apply and implement practically.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of safety monitoring of water conservancy projects, and particularly to a seepage monitoring system and method adopting big data algorithms. Background Art

[0002] Seepage is a phenomenon that seriously endangers the safe operation of dams in water conservancy projects. If the seepage situation is not detected and handled in time, it will gradually evolve into potential safety hazards such as piping, and may ultimately lead to safety accidents such as dam breaches. For the traditional technologies in this field regarding dam safety monitoring, one is the piezometer monitoring method, which monitors the water pressure at each point and converts it into the water level elevation; the other traditional technology is the flow monitoring method of the dam collecting channel, which monitors the flow rate, etc. of the dam collecting channel by building a collecting channel at the bottom of the dam and installing a flowmeter.

[0003] In recent years, some seepage monitoring technologies have emerged by installing electromechanical equipment or pre-burying sensors.

[0004] Typically, for the Chinese patent application with the application number CN 114659960 A and the name "An Intelligent Seepage Monitoring System for Water Conservancy Projects", seepage collection is carried out by drilling holes in the reservoir soil and installing components such as seepage monitoring equipment and temperature and humidity sensors. The seepage monitoring cylinder compresses the collected seepage liquid by the pumping and sucking of air by an air pump to drive the extrusion component and discharges it to flow into the diversion disc component, and is introduced into the greenhouse control component through the diversion of the diversion disc component and then into the storage tank, and finally the water volume in the storage tank is measured to monitor seepage.

[0005] Typically, for the Chinese patent application with the application number CN 116087052 A and the name "An Optical Fiber Seepage Monitoring IoT Device and Method for Earth-Rock Dams", temperature field signals are collected by deploying fiber grating regulators, optoelectronic sensing units, signal wave transmitters, etc. in the dam, and the signals are sent to the upper computer, and the upper computer calculates the seepage condition.

[0006] The defects of the above-mentioned existing technologies are as follows:

[0007] 1. The piezometer monitoring method mainly monitors the water level elevation of relevant points, and no correlation calculation is performed between the data, so the seepage trend inside the dam cannot be analyzed; the flow monitoring method of the collecting channel cannot know the seepage condition and seepage trend inside the dam, and the error is relatively large.

[0008] 2. For the monitoring method of installing electromechanical equipment inside the dam, there are many main devices and auxiliary components, and the more deployment points for seepage monitoring, the more accurate it is, resulting in a large installation workload and a relatively complex installation process.

[0009] 3. For the monitoring method of installing sensors inside the dam, a large number of sensors need to be installed, resulting in a relatively large installation workload, and it is difficult to repair if the sensors have breakpoints. Summary of the Invention

[0010] To solve the above problems, the utility model provides a seepage monitoring system and method using big data algorithms. By deploying or using the piezometers and water level gauges already deployed on the dam, a seepage monitoring IoT device is installed to collect the original data of the piezometers and water level gauges, and the acquisition of the original data is more convenient and efficient. The seepage monitoring IoT device calculates the single-width seepage flow of the dam, the single-width seepage flow of the dam foundation, and the comprehensive seepage flow of the dam at relevant cross-sections through big data algorithms. These data can reflect the seepage distribution and seepage trend inside the dam. The seepage monitoring IoT device sends each original data and each seepage data to the background management subsystem, and the background management subsystem stores, processes, displays, and alarms the data. Compared with the prior art, the present invention can provide detailed seepage distribution and seepage trend data, and the utility model has a small installation workload, low comprehensive cost, and is easy to implement.

[0011] The technical solution provided by the utility model is as follows:

[0012] A seepage monitoring system using big data algorithms, comprising a seepage monitoring IoT device, an auxiliary component, a background management subsystem, and a first equipment box, wherein: the seepage monitoring IoT device comprises a hydraulic data acquisition and transmission instrument, an edge computing module, and an IoT module installed in the first equipment box; the auxiliary component comprises a piezometer, a water level gauge, and a power supply unit.

[0013] The piezometer is electrically signal-coupled to the communication end of the hydraulic data acquisition and transmission instrument; the hydraulic data acquisition and transmission instrument is electrically signal-coupled to the communication end of the edge computing module; the water level gauge is electrically signal-coupled to the communication end of the edge computing module; the edge computing module is electrically signal-coupled to the communication end of the IoT module; the IoT module is electrically signal-coupled to the background management subsystem; the output end of the power supply unit is connected to the load of the seepage monitoring system and forms a power supply loop, and the load comprises the hydraulic data acquisition and transmission instrument, the edge computing module, the IoT module, and the water level gauge.

[0014] Preferably, the piezometer is installed inside the dam on the backwater side of the water conservancy project; the water level gauge is installed on the dam on the upstream side of the water conservancy project.

[0015] Preferably, the piezometer is deployed at least at two seepage monitoring points; the water level gauge is deployed at least at one water level monitoring point; the seepage monitoring IoT device is installed and fixed on a vertical pole or a building body.

[0016] Preferably, the edge computing module comprises a main control chip, a communication chip, a crystal oscillator, a power supply chip, an RS-485 interface, and a housing; the edge computing module runs by installing embedded software, and the edge computing module adopts the Modbus-RTU communication protocol.

[0017] Preferably, the edge computing module is used to collect data from the hydraulic data acquisition and transmission device and the water level gauge, and complete seepage monitoring calculations through big data algorithms.

[0018] Preferably, the background management subsystem includes a computer and data management software for processing data of the seepage monitoring IoT device; the computer is a local computer, a remote computer, or a cloud server; the IoT module and the computer of the background management subsystem interact data wirelessly; there are two types of wireless communication links, one is a point-to-point wireless communication link that does not rely on a public network base station, and the other is a wireless communication link that uses a public network base station for forwarding.

[0019] Preferably, the power supply unit includes a power generation component, a storage battery, and a power generation controller; the power generation component is a photovoltaic panel or a wind turbine, and is fixed on a vertical pole or a building through a support; the storage battery and the power generation controller are installed in the first equipment box or in the second equipment box; the power generation component is connected to the input terminal of the power generation controller through a cable; the output terminals of the power generation controller are respectively connected to the storage battery and the load.

[0020] Preferably, the first equipment box is an outdoor rainproof equipment box; each component included in the seepage monitoring IoT device is fixedly installed in the box of the first equipment box through a guide rail or bolts; the fixing method of the seepage monitoring IoT device is to fix it on the vertical pole by hoop contraction, or to fix it on the vertical pole or the building by tightening bolts with a bracket.

[0021] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0022] 1. The original data of the present invention is collected by piezometers and water level gauges. Compared with installing a large number of electromechanical devices and sensors inside the dam, the deployment and installation of piezometers and water level gauges are more convenient.

[0023] 2. The seepage monitoring IoT device of the present invention can calculate the single-width seepage flow rate of the dam body, the single-width seepage flow rate of the dam foundation, and the comprehensive seepage flow rate of the dam body through big data algorithms, including the seepage data of different longitudinal and transverse rows of the dam. These data can provide the seepage distribution status and seepage trend of the dam, providing an accurate basis for evaluating the safety status of the dam; while the prior art either only monitors the water level elevation at relevant positions and does not calculate and analyze the seepage relationship between monitoring points, or monitors the total seepage flow rate of the dam, and the total seepage flow rate cannot reflect the seepage distribution status and seepage trend inside the dam.

[0024] 3. The seepage monitoring calculation of the present utility model is completed by the seepage monitoring Internet of Things device. Compared with the calculation work of all monitoring points being done by the server, the calculation and debugging work of the seepage monitoring Internet of Things device is more convenient.

[0025] 4. The seepage monitoring Internet of Things device of the present utility model uses the Internet of Things mode for external communication. It can communicate wirelessly point-to-point with a local computer, or with a remote computer with or without a static IP, and can also communicate wirelessly with a cloud server. The communication mode of the present utility model is more flexible and rich than the prior art.

[0026] 5. The data of the seepage monitoring Internet of Things device of the present utility model can be sent to multiple data management systems simultaneously, and the docking of the present utility model with each data management system is more convenient.

[0027] 6. The acquisition devices of the present utility model, such as piezometers and water level gauges, are common instruments in water conservancy projects, and the installation process has little damage or impact on the dam. Therefore, the present utility model is easier to promote and apply than the prior art. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the system framework of a specific embodiment of the present utility model;

[0029] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the seepage monitoring Internet of Things device of a specific embodiment of the present utility model;

[0030] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the electrical signal connection of a specific embodiment of the present utility model;

[0031] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the operation logic of the edge computing module in the seepage monitoring Internet of Things device of a specific embodiment of the present utility model.

[0032] Wherein: 1. Seepage monitoring Internet of Things device, 2. Auxiliary component, 3. Background management subsystem, 4. Equipment box, 1.1 Hydraulic data acquisition and transmission instrument, 1.2 Edge computing module, 1.3 Internet of Things module, 1.5 Air switch, 1.6 Protection module, 1.7 Terminal block, 1.8 Antenna, 2.1. Piezometer, 2.2. Water level gauge, 2.3. Power supply unit DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0033] The following further clarifies the present utility model in conjunction with specific embodiments. It should be understood that these embodiments are only used to illustrate the present utility model and not to limit the scope of the present utility model. After reading the present utility model, various equivalent modifications made by those skilled in the art to the present utility model all fall within the scope defined by the appended claims of this application.

[0034] Such as Figure 1 、2 As shown in FIGS. 1 and 3, the seepage monitoring system adopting the big data algorithm includes a seepage monitoring Internet of Things device 1, an auxiliary component 2, a background management subsystem 3, and a first equipment box 4, where: The seepage monitoring Internet of Things device 1 includes a hydraulic data acquisition and transmission instrument 1.1, an edge computing module 1.2, and an Internet of Things module 1.3 installed in the first equipment box 4; The auxiliary component 2 includes a piezometer 2.1, a water level gauge 2.2, and a power supply unit 2.3.

[0035] The piezometer 2.1 is electrically signal-coupled to the communication end of the hydraulic data acquisition and transmission instrument 1.1; The hydraulic data acquisition and transmission instrument 1.1 is electrically signal-coupled to the communication end of the edge computing module 1.2; The water level gauge 2.2 is electrically signal-coupled to the communication end of the edge computing module 1.2; The edge computing module 1.2 is electrically signal-coupled to the communication end of the Internet of Things module 1.3; The Internet of Things module 1.3 is electrically signal-coupled to the background management subsystem 3; The output end of the power supply unit 2.3 is connected to the load of the seepage monitoring system and forms a power supply loop, and the load includes a hydraulic data acquisition and transmission instrument 1.1, an edge computing module 1.2, an Internet of Things module 1.3, and a water level gauge 2.2.

[0036] The piezometer 2.1 is installed in the dam on the backwater side of the water conservancy project; The water level gauge 2.2 is installed on the dam on the upstream side of the water conservancy project.

[0037] It should be noted that the hydraulic data acquisition and transmission instrument 1.1 has the function of exciting and acquiring vibrating wire signals, outputs at least 2 items of data including frequency and temperature, and is equipped with at least 1 RS-485 communication port.

[0038] It should be noted that the hydraulic data acquisition and transmission instrument 1.1, the Internet of Things module 1.3, the piezometer 2.1, and the water level gauge 2.2 adopt domestic general products, and the communication protocol is Modbus-RTU.

[0039] In this specific embodiment, the hydraulic data acquisition and transmission instrument 1.1 is selected as the HBSY-LW30-VW16 type. This acquisition and transmission instrument can connect 16 vibrating wire piezometers 2.1 for data acquisition and transmission. The communication interface of this acquisition and transmission instrument is RS-485, the communication protocol is Modbus-RTU, and the output data includes frequency, temperature, etc. The power supply of this acquisition and transmission instrument is DC8~24V, and the average power consumption is 150mW.

[0040] It should be noted that the edge computing module 1.2 includes a main control chip, a communication chip, a crystal oscillator, a power supply chip, an RS-485 interface, and a housing; The edge computing module 1.2 runs by installing embedded software, and the edge computing module 1.2 adopts the Modbus-RTU communication protocol.

[0041] It should be noted that the edge computing module 1.2 is used to collect the data of the hydraulic data acquisition and transmission instrument 1.1 and the water level gauge 2.2, and complete the seepage monitoring calculation through big data algorithms. Compared with the calculation work of all monitoring points being done by the server, the calculation and debugging work of the seepage monitoring IoT device is more convenient.

[0042] It should be further noted that the power port of the edge computing module 1.2 is protected by an anti-reverse connection diode and isolation protection, the communication port is protected by optocoupler isolation, and the communication port is also protected by transient voltage suppression and lightning protection tubes; the edge computing module is equipped with a button battery, and the clock can still run when the external power is cut off.

[0043] In this specific embodiment, the edge computing module 1.2 is manufactured using industrial-grade electronic components. Among them, the main control chip uses the STM32F103C8 type, the communication chip uses the MAX485 type, and the power chip uses the XL1509 type; the communication interface of the edge computing module 1.2 uses 2 channels of RS-485 and 1 channel of RS-232, and the power supply of the edge computing module 1.2 is DC7~30V; the power port is protected by an anti-reverse connection diode and isolation protection, with an isolation voltage of 1500VDC / min, the communication port is protected by EL817 type optocoupler isolation, with an isolation voltage of 5000Vrms, and the communication port is protected by transient voltage suppression and lightning protection tubes; the clock of the edge computing module 1.2 uses a 32.768kHz crystal oscillator with a temperature drift of 5ppm, and the edge computing module 1.2 is equipped with a button battery, and the button battery powers the clock when the device is powered off; the edge computing module 1.2 is controlled by embedded software, and the embedded software is written in C language; the edge computing module 1.2 uses the Modbus-RTU communication protocol.

[0044] It should be noted that the types of the IoT module 1.3 include two types: point-to-point local networking type and public network base station forwarding type, which are selected according to actual needs; when the point-to-point local networking type is selected, the local server must be equipped with a receiving IoT module 1.3 to form a communication loop with the IoT module 1.3 in the first equipment box 4 of the seepage monitoring IoT device; when the public network base station forwarding type is selected, the IoT module 1.3 can be connected to at least one of the public networks such as mobile, unicom, or telecom, the IoT module 1.3 establishes communication with the public network, and the public network establishes communication with the remote service or cloud server.

[0045] It should be noted that the IoT module 1.3 must be equipped with an antenna 1.8 to operate together; the antenna 1.8 can achieve the stability of long-distance wireless communication; the antenna 1.8 is fixed outside the first equipment box 4 of the seepage monitoring IoT device.

[0046] In this specific embodiment, the IoT module 1.3 is of the YHX-38 type. This module can send and receive data from 4 slave devices. The communication interface is RS-485, and the communication protocol is Modbus-RTU. This IoT module is a public network base station forwarding type, with a 5-mode 13-frequency system, supporting access to 4G of China Mobile, China Unicom, and China Telecom, as well as 2G / 3G of China Mobile and China Unicom. The module power supply is DC9 - 36V, and the average power consumption is 120mW. This IoT module is equipped with a 4G / 18dBi omnidirectional antenna, selects the China Mobile network for data forwarding, and the docked background management subsystem 3 is a cloud server platform.

[0047] It should be noted that the piezometers 2.1 need to be deployed in 2 columns or more longitudinally up and down the dam and in 2 rows or more horizontally across the dam to achieve the calculation of the present utility model. The deployment points of the piezometers 2.1 are determined by measuring the size and cross-sectional conditions of the dam. The water level gauges 2.2 need to be deployed at least at one water level monitoring point. The seepage monitoring IoT device 1 is installed and fixed on a vertical pole or a building.

[0048] It should be further noted that the piezometers 2.1 are vibrating wire type, which can ensure higher accuracy with less loss. The water level gauges 2.2 are radar type or ultrasonic type, which can achieve higher accuracy, and at the same time, only 1 water level gauge at 1 dam can meet the monitoring requirements.

[0049] It should be further noted that the piezometers 2.1 are connected to the hydraulic data acquisition and transmission instrument 1.1 through hydraulic cables. The hydraulic cables are laid in a way of passing through metal pipes and buried in the dam body.

[0050] In this specific embodiment, the piezometers 2.1 are of the 350kPa type, with a measurement range of 0 - 350kPa. The water level gauges 2.2 are of the radar 30m type, with a measurement range of 0 - 30m.

[0051] It should be noted that the water level gauges 2.2 are installed on the upstream face of the dam. The water level gauges 2.2 are connected to the edge computing module 1.2 through cables. The water level elevation at the monitoring point of the water level gauges 2.2 is expressed by Equation 1:

[0052] h = g - d (1)

[0053] Where: d is used to represent the vertical distance between the water surface at the monitoring point of the water level gauges 2.2 and the water level gauges. g is used to represent the vertical distance from the bottom of the intersection of the horizontal extension line of the monitoring point of the water level gauges 2.2 and the longitudinal extension line of the monitoring point of the piezometers 2.1 to the water level gauges 2.2.

[0054] It should be further noted that the water level elevation is completed by the edge computing module 1.2.

[0055] It should be further noted that the hydraulic data acquisition and transmission instrument 1.1 sends both the frequency and temperature data of the piezometer 2.1 to the edge computing module 1.2; the edge computing module 1.2 calculates the water level elevation of each monitoring point according to the calculation formula given by the piezometer 2.1 manufacturer; the temperature data is added to the calculation to reduce the influence of temperature on the piezometer frequency.

[0056] It should be noted that the background management subsystem 3 includes a computer and data management software for processing the data of the seepage monitoring IoT device 1; the computer is a local computer, a remote computer or a cloud server; the IoT module 1.3 and the computer of the background management subsystem 3 interact data wirelessly.

[0057] It should be further noted that the computer of the background management subsystem 3 is configured according to the performance requirements of the server; the data management software of the background management subsystem 3 periodically sends query instructions. After receiving the data of the seepage monitoring IoT device forwarded by the IoT module 1.3, the data management software stores the data, calculates the relevant data, and performs diversified display. The display forms include lists, bar charts, waveform charts, etc.; the software can select a single seepage point or multiple seepage points, and then select the start and end time points to view the data; the software sets the login identity, permissions, passwords, hierarchical alarm thresholds, etc. The hierarchical alarm includes levels such as potential hazards, serious potential hazards, and major danger situations.

[0058] It should be further noted that the development work of the data management software includes selecting a technology stack, establishing framework components such as a front-end framework component, a back-end framework component, a database access component, an authentication and authorization component, and various detail and exception handling components, and then writing code, and performing testing and optimization. The software can select a single seepage point or multiple seepage points, and then select the start and end time points to view the data; the software sets the login identity, permissions, passwords, hierarchical alarm thresholds, etc.

[0059] It should be noted that the power supply unit 2.3 includes a power generation component, a storage battery and a power generation controller; the power generation component is a photovoltaic panel or a wind turbine, and is fixed on a vertical pole or a building body through a support; the storage battery and the power generation controller are installed in the first equipment box 4 or installed in the second equipment box; the power generation component is connected to the input terminal of the power generation controller through a cable; the output terminals of the power generation controller are respectively connected to the storage battery and the load.

[0060] In this specific embodiment, the power generation component adopts a solar power generation device, wherein the solar panel selects a single-crystal solar panel with a power of 18V / 100W; the storage battery selects a solar gel battery with a capacity of 12V / 65AH; the solar controller is 12V / 10A.

[0061] It should be further noted that an air switch 1.5 is installed in the first equipment box 4 of the seepage monitoring IoT device; the air switch 1.5 is connected in series in the power control circuit, and the air switch 1.5 can make it more convenient to cut off and supply power to each device during testing and maintenance.

[0062] It should be further noted that a time relay is connected in series in the power supply circuit of the seepage monitoring IoT device, or a hydraulic data acquisition and transmission instrument 1.1 or an edge computing module 1.2 or an IoT module 1.3 with the function of a time relay is adopted; so as to realize the intermittent operation of the seepage monitoring IoT device under the following circumstances, thereby reducing power consumption. Circumstance 1: The frequency of the system receiving data is relatively sparse, for example, receiving data once every 30 minutes or more than 30 minutes. Circumstance 2: The effective capacity of the battery is small or decreasing. Circumstance 3: The local effective sunshine time is low or decreasing.

[0063] Set the off and on times of the time relay according to requirements. When the time relay is off, the power supply circuit in the seepage monitoring IoT device is disconnected; when the time relay is on, the power supply circuit in the seepage monitoring IoT device is connected.

[0064] In this specific embodiment, a YL-DS310 type timer is selected, and the output terminal capacity of the timer is 24V / 10A; this embodiment is set as follows: the off time of the timer is adjustable from 10 minutes to 310 minutes, and the on time is adjustable from 20 seconds to 620 seconds; the timer is set to act and connect once every 57 minutes, disconnect after 3 minutes of connection, and connect again after 57 minutes of disconnection, and so on in a cycle.

[0065] It should be noted that the seepage monitoring IoT device 1 includes a protection module 1.6; the protection module 1.6 includes a surge protector and a signal protection module installed in the first equipment box 4; the input end of the surge protector is connected to the output end of the air switch, and the grounding wire of the surge protector is connected to the grounding bolt of the equipment box together with the external grounding wire; the RS485 wires of the hydraulic data acquisition and transmission instrument 1.1 and the water level gauge 2.2 are both connected to the input end of the signal protection module, and the output end of the signal protection module is connected to the RS485 port of the edge computing module 1.2, and the grounding wire of the signal protection module is connected to the grounding bolt of the first equipment box 4.

[0066] In this specific embodiment, a 2P / DC / 20kA surge protector is selected for the protection module 1.6; a 24V / 5kA signal protector is selected for the signal protection module.

[0067] It should be noted that the first equipment box 4 is an outdoor rainproof equipment box; each component included in the seepage monitoring IoT device 1 is fixedly installed in the box of the first equipment box 4 through rails or bolts; the fixing method of the seepage monitoring IoT device 1 is to fix it on the vertical pole by hoop contraction, or to fix it on the vertical pole or the building by tightening bolts with a bracket.

[0068] It should be further noted that the first equipment box 4 is made of a material with rust-proof ability. Air intake grilles for self-convection are provided on both sides of the first equipment box 4, and wire meshes are provided inside the air intake grilles to achieve self-convection heat dissipation of air while preventing insects from drilling in.

[0069] It should be further noted that the first equipment box 4 is provided with brackets and bolt holes. The brackets and bolt holes can be fixed on the vertical pole through a hoop, or can be installed on the building by adhering to the wall, or can be installed vertically on the concrete foundation member.

[0070] It should be further noted that when the seepage monitoring Internet of Things device 1 and the power generation component are installed on the vertical pole, a lightning rod is equipped at the top of the vertical pole. The lightning rod is reliably connected to the ground through a separate grounding wire to reduce the damage of lightning strikes to the components inside the equipment box.

[0071] In this specific embodiment, the first equipment box 4 is a rain-proof equipment box, made of 204 stainless steel, with an outer size of width * height * depth of 300mm * 400mm * 200mm. An assembly plate is provided inside the first equipment box 4. Air intake windows for self-convection are provided on both sides of the first equipment box 4, and wire meshes are provided inside the air intake windows to prevent insects from drilling in. The upper part of the first equipment box 4 is a box cap, and an air exhaust grille for self-convection is provided at the lower end of the box cap.

[0072] It should be further noted that the components of the seepage monitoring Internet of Things device in this embodiment are assembled and fixed in the first equipment box 4 in three layers: upper, middle, and lower. The upper layer is installed using a guide rail, and the middle and lower layers are installed using screw holes.

[0073] In this specific embodiment, the guide rail inside the first equipment box 4 is of the C45 / 35mm type, with a length of 260mm. The guide rail is fixed to the upper end of the assembly plate through screws. The vertical distance between the horizontal line of the guide rail and the top inside the first equipment box 4 is 100mm to ensure convenient wiring for the upper ends of the components on the guide rail. The air switch 1.5, protection module 1.6, Internet of Things module 1.3, and terminal block 1.7 are installed on the guide rail in sequence.

[0074] It should be further noted that the edge computing module 1.2 is installed in the middle layer of the first equipment box 4. There are screw holes on both sides of the edge computing module 1.2. First, drill holes on the assembly plate according to the center, diameter, and pitch of the screw holes. Use a long screw rod to extend outwards from the inside of the assembly plate, and tighten the screw rod with a nut. The edge computing module 1.2 is inserted into the screw rod in the forward direction, and then the edge computing module 1.2 is fixed by tightening the nut. This installation method of the screw rod allows the edge computing module 1.2 to be disassembled without removing the assembly plate, making the installation and disassembly of the edge computing module 1.2 more convenient.

[0075] It should be further noted that the hydrological data acquisition and transmission instrument 1.1 is installed in the lower layer of the first equipment box 4, and the installation method is the same as that of the edge computing module 1.2.

[0076] In this specific embodiment, the power supply line connection of the seepage monitoring IoT device is as follows: The power generation component of the power supply unit 2.3 uses a photovoltaic panel, and the power generation controller and the solar gel battery are installed together in a rainproof first equipment box 4; the cable of the photovoltaic panel penetrates into the rainproof first equipment box 4 and connects to the power input terminal of the power generation controller, the battery terminal of the power generation controller is connected to the solar gel battery, and the load terminal of the power generation controller is connected to the input terminal of the air switch 1.5 in the first equipment box 4 of the seepage monitoring IoT device through a cable; the output terminal of the air switch 1.5 is connected in parallel with two groups of cables, one group is connected to the input terminal of the protection module 1.6, and the other group of cables is connected to the input terminal of the time relay; the output terminal of the time relay is connected to the positive and negative power terminals of the terminal block 1.7; the output terminal of the protection module 1.6 and the grounding wire are connected together to the grounding terminal of the rainproof first equipment box 4; the positive and negative power terminals on the terminal block 1.7 are respectively connected to the positive and negative power terminals of the hydrological data acquisition and transmission instrument 1.1, the edge computing module 1.2, and the IoT module 1.3.

[0077] In this specific embodiment, the communication line connection of the seepage monitoring IoT device is as follows: Each piezometer 2.1 is numbered and connected to each acquisition channel of the hydrological data acquisition and transmission instrument 1.1 through a hydrological cable; the RS-485 port of the hydrological data acquisition and transmission instrument 1.1 is connected to the slave RS-485 communication port of the edge computing module 1.2, the RS-485 port of the water level gauge 2.2 is connected to the slave RS-485 communication port of the edge computing IoT module 1.3, and the master RS-485 port of the edge computing module 1.2 is connected to the RS-485 port of the IoT module 1.3.

[0078] It should be noted that the communication link connection of the seepage monitoring IoT device in this embodiment is as follows: The RS-485 address of the hydrological data acquisition and transmission instrument 1.1 is configured as 1 in this implementation, and the RS-485 address of the water level gauge 2.2 is configured as 2 in this implementation; the hydrological data acquisition and transmission instrument 1.1 exchanges data with the edge computing module 1.2, the water level gauge 2.2 exchanges data with the edge computing module 1.2, and the edge computing module 1.2 exchanges data with the IoT module 1.3; the path for the IoT module 1.3 to exchange data with the background server includes point-to-point wireless transmission, operator public network transmission, etc., and operator public network transmission is selected in this implementation.

[0079] It should be further noted that other communication parameters of the hydrological data acquisition and transmission instrument 1.1, the water level gauge 2.2, the edge computing module 1.2, and the IoT module 1.3, such as baud rate, parity bit, stop bit, port number, address, and data format, etc., are set according to actual needs.

[0080] The present utility model also provides a seepage monitoring method for a seepage monitoring system, which includes a data acquisition process and a data processing process; the data acquisition process collects the original data of the piezometers 2.1 and the water level gauges 2.2 and then sends it to the edge computing module 1.2; the data processing process processes the original data and calculates the seepage data using big data algorithms; the seepage data includes the seepage flow per unit width of the dam, the seepage flow per unit width of the dam foundation, and the comprehensive seepage flow of the dam.

[0081] As Figure 4 shown, it should be noted that the data acquisition process includes the following steps:

[0082] Sa100. After the edge computing module 1.2 is powered on, it starts and performs an initialization self-check, and the RS-485 interface of the edge computing module 1.2 is initialized for acquisition.

[0083] Sa200. The edge computing module 1.2 makes a time judgment, and then performs the following operations according to the judgment result.

[0084] Sa201. If the judgment result is that the artificially preset acquisition time is reached, a query instruction is sent to the hydraulic data acquisition and transmission instrument 1.1 and the water level gauge 2.2 through the RS-485 interface.

[0085] Sa202. If the judgment result is that the artificially preset acquisition time is not reached, wait until the artificially preset acquisition time is reached, and then execute Sa201.

[0086] Sa300. The hydraulic data acquisition and transmission instrument 1.1 sends an excitation signal to the piezometer 2.1, processes the electrical signal returned by the piezometer 2.1, and then sends it to the edge computing module 1.2.

[0087] Sa400. The water level gauge 2.2 collects the height data of the water level and sends it to the edge computing module 1.2.

[0088] The data processing process includes the following steps:

[0089] Sb100. The edge computing module 1.2 receives the data returned by the hydraulic data acquisition and transmission instrument 1.1 and the water level gauge 2.2.

[0090] Sb200. The edge computing module 1.2 performs preliminary processing on the received data.

[0091] If it is judged to be valid data, it is stored and updated to the current moment data; if it is abnormal data such as packet loss, it is recorded in the log.

[0092] Sb300. The edge computing module 1.2 analyzes the valid data and saves the result; the analyzed data is calculated according to the artificially preset embedding formula.

[0093] Sb400. The edge computing module 1.2 adopts a multi-data caching mode to store the seepage data during and after the calculation process.

[0094] Sb500. The edge computing module 1.2 and the IoT module 1.3 determine whether they have received the query instruction sent by the background management subsystem 3, and then perform the following operations according to the judgment result:

[0095] Sb501. If the judgment result is that the query instruction has been received, the IoT module 1.3 performs RF initialization and sends the seepage data stored in the edge computing module 1.2 to the background management subsystem 3.

[0096] Sb502. If the judgment result is that the query instruction has not been received, continue to wait.

[0097] Sb600. The data management software stores and further analyzes and calculates the seepage data received from the edge computing module 1.2, and then displays the calculation results in a variety of ways; the variety of displays includes lists, bar charts, waveform charts, and pie charts.

[0098] Sb700. The data management software sets the alarm type and processes the alarm for the seepage data.

[0099] It should be further noted that Sb200. The preliminary processing of the data received by the edge computing module 1.2 specifically includes data filtering, data cleaning, and simple analysis.

[0100] It should be further noted that the embedded formula preset manually in step Sb300. specifically includes the following content:

[0101] If the acquisition source of the valid data is a dam without a cutoff wall, then:

[0102] The single-width seepage flow of the dam body is expressed by Equation 2:

[0103] Q = (h2 - H2) × k1 / [2 × L1 + h × p / (2p + 1))] (2) where: Q is used to represent the single-width seepage flow of the dam body (unit: m3 / s); h is used to represent the water level elevation monitored by the water level gauge 2.2 (unit: m); H is used to represent the water level elevation of the measuring point of the piezometer 2.1 (unit: m); k1 is used to represent the permeability coefficient of the pervious layer of the dam body (unit: m3 / s); L1 is used to represent the horizontal distance between the vertical line of the measuring point of the water level gauge 2.2 and the vertical line of the measuring point of the piezometer 2.1 (unit: m); p is used to represent the slope ratio of the backwater surface, and p is a constant.

[0104] The single-width seepage flow of the dam foundation is expressed by Equation 3:

[0105] S = k2×T×(h - X) / (L2 + h× p + 0.88×T) (3) Where: S is used to represent the single-width seepage flow rate of the dam foundation (unit: m3 / s); k2 is used to represent the permeability coefficient of the pervious layer of the dike foundation (unit: m3 / s); T is used to represent the thickness of the pervious layer at the cross-section (unit: m); h is used to represent the water level elevation monitored by the water level gauge 2.2 (unit: m); X is used to represent the water level elevation of the downstream water level on the back side of the dam; L2 is used to represent the horizontal distance between the vertical line of the measuring point of the water level gauge 2.2 and the vertical line of the dam toe on the back side of the dam (unit: m); p is used to represent the slope ratio of the back side, and p is a constant.

[0106] If the acquisition source of the valid data is a dike with a cut-off wall, then:

[0107] The single-width seepage flow rate of the dam body is expressed by Equation 4:

[0108] Q = (H12 - H22)×k1 / (2×D1) (4)

[0109] Where: H1 is used to represent the water level elevation monitored by the piezometer 2.1 at the relatively high position (unit: m); H2 is used to represent the water level elevation monitored by the piezometer 2.1 at the relatively low position (unit: m); k1 is used to represent the permeability coefficient of the pervious layer of the dam body (unit: m3 / s); D1 is used to represent the horizontal distance between the measuring point of the piezometer 2.1 at the relatively high position and the measuring point of the piezometer 2.1 at the relatively low position (unit: m).

[0110] The single-width seepage flow rate of the dam foundation is expressed by Equation 5:

[0111] S = k2×T×(H3 - X) / (D2 + 0.88×T) (5)

[0112] Where: k2 is used to represent the permeability coefficient of the pervious layer of the dam foundation (unit: m3 / s); T is used to represent the thickness of the pervious layer at the cross-section (unit: m); H3 is used to represent the water level elevation monitored by the piezometer 2.1 of the dam foundation (unit: m); X is used to represent the water level elevation of the downstream water level on the back side of the dam; D2 is used to represent the horizontal distance between the cut-off wall and the downstream dam toe (unit: m).

[0113] It should be further noted that when the horizontal deployment of the piezometer 2.1 of the dike without a cut-off wall and the dike with a cut-off wall is in 2 rows or more, and the vertical deployment is in 2 columns or more, the comprehensive seepage flow rate of the dike is expressed by Equation 6:

[0114]

[0115] Wherein: J is used to represent the comprehensive seepage flow rate of the dike (unit: m3 / s); i is used to represent the serial number of the piezometers 2.1 deployed horizontally; n is used to represent the total number of the piezometers 2.1 deployed horizontally; j is used to represent the serial number of the piezometers 2.1 deployed vertically; m is used to represent the total number of the piezometers 2.1 deployed vertically; Q ij is used to represent the seepage flow rate per unit width of the dam body at the monitoring point in the i-th row and j-th column (unit: m3 / s); Sij is used to represent the seepage flow rate per unit width of the dam foundation at the monitoring point in the i-th row and j-th column (unit: m3 / s).

[0116] In the above detailed description, various features are combined together in a single embodiment to simplify the present disclosure. This method of disclosure should not be construed as reflecting an intention that the embodiments of the claimed subject matter require more features than those clearly stated in each claim. On the contrary, as reflected in the appended claims, the present utility model is in a state with fewer features than all the features of the disclosed single embodiment. Therefore, the appended claims are hereby clearly incorporated into the detailed description, where each claim alone serves as a separate preferred embodiment of the present utility model.

[0117] In order to enable any person skilled in the art to implement or use the present utility model, the above-described disclosed embodiments have been described. For those skilled in the art; various modification methods of these embodiments are obvious, and the general principles defined herein can also be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit and protection scope of the present disclosure. Therefore, the present disclosure is not limited to the embodiments given herein, but is consistent with the widest scope of the principles and novel features disclosed in this application.

[0118] The above description includes examples of one or more embodiments. Of course, it is impossible to describe all possible combinations of components or methods for describing the above embodiments, but those of ordinary skill in the art should recognize that each embodiment can be further combined and arranged. Therefore, the embodiments described herein are intended to cover all such changes, modifications, and variations that fall within the protection scope of the appended claims. In addition, with respect to the term "comprising" used in the specification or claims, the coverage of this term is similar to the term "including", as explained when "including" is used as a transitional word in the claims. In addition, any term "or" used in the claims or the specification is intended to mean "non-exclusive or".

[0119] The specific embodiments described above have further elaborated on the purpose, technical solutions, and beneficial effects of the present utility model. It should be understood that the above description is only the specific embodiments of the present utility model and is not used to limit the protection scope of the present utility model. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present utility model shall be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A seepage monitoring system using big data algorithms, characterized in that: It includes a seepage monitoring Internet of Things device (1), an auxiliary component (2), a background management subsystem (3), and a first equipment box (4), where: The seepage monitoring Internet of Things device (1) includes a hydraulic data acquisition and transmission instrument (1.1), an edge computing module (1.2), and an Internet of Things module (1.3) installed in the first equipment box (4); The auxiliary component (2) includes a piezometer (2.1), a water level gauge (2.2), and a power supply unit (2.3); The piezometer (2.1) is electrically signal-coupled to the communication end of the hydraulic data acquisition and transmission instrument (1.1); the hydraulic data acquisition and transmission instrument (1.1) is electrically signal-coupled to the communication end of the edge computing module (1.2); the water level gauge (2.2) is electrically signal-coupled to the communication end of the edge computing module (1.2); the edge computing module (1.2) is electrically signal-coupled to the communication end of the Internet of Things module (1.3); the Internet of Things module (1.3) is electrically signal-coupled to the background management subsystem (3); the output end of the power supply unit (2.3) is connected to the load of the seepage monitoring system to form a power supply loop, and the load includes the hydraulic data acquisition and transmission instrument (1.1), the edge computing module (1.2), the Internet of Things module (1.3), and the water level gauge (2.2); The piezometer (2.1) is installed in the dam on the backwater side of the water conservancy project; the water level gauge (2.2) is installed on the dam on the upstream side of the water conservancy project.

2. The seepage monitoring system using big data algorithm according to claim 1, characterized in that: The piezometer (2.1) is deployed at least at two piezometric monitoring points; the water level gauge (2.2) is deployed at least at one water level monitoring point; the seepage monitoring Internet of Things device (1) is fixedly installed on a vertical pole or a building.

3. The seepage monitoring system using big data algorithms according to claim 1, characterized in that: The edge computing module (1.2) includes a main control chip, a communication chip, a crystal oscillator, a power supply chip, an RS-485 interface, and a housing; the edge computing module (1.2) operates by installing embedded software, and the edge computing module (1.2) adopts the Modbus-RTU communication protocol; The edge computing module (1.2) is used to collect the data of the hydraulic data acquisition and transmission instrument (1.1) and the water level gauge (2.2), and complete seepage monitoring calculations through big data algorithms.

4. The seepage monitoring system using big data algorithms according to claim 1, characterized in that: The background management subsystem (3) includes a computer and data management software for processing the data of the seepage monitoring Internet of Things device (1); the computer is a local computer, a remote computer, or a cloud server; the Internet of Things module (1.3) and the computer of the background management subsystem (3) interact data wirelessly; there are two types of wireless communication links, one is a point-to-point wireless communication link that does not rely on a public network base station, and the other is a wireless communication link forwarded by a public network base station.

5. The seepage monitoring system using big data algorithms according to claim 1, characterized in that: The power supply unit (2.3) includes a power generation component, a storage battery, and a power generation controller; the power generation component is a photovoltaic panel or a wind turbine, and is fixed on a vertical pole or a building through a support; the storage battery and the power generation controller are installed in the first equipment box (4) or in a second equipment box; the power generation component is connected to the input terminal of the power generation controller through a cable; the output terminals of the power generation controller are respectively connected to the storage battery and the load.

6. The seepage monitoring system using big data algorithms according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first equipment box (4) is an outdoor rainproof equipment box; each component included in the seepage monitoring IoT device (1) is fixedly installed in the first equipment box (4) through a guide rail or bolts; the fixing method of the seepage monitoring IoT device (1) is to fix it on a vertical pole by hoop shrinkage or to fix it on a vertical pole or a building by tightening bolts with a bracket.

Images