Fault detection device for internal combustion locomotive and internal combustion locomotive

Abstract

The utility model discloses a fault detection device for a diesel locomotive and the diesel locomotive. The fault detection device comprises a controller, and a sensor, a display unit and a matrix input unit which are connected with the controller, the matrix input unit comprises N gating switches and N * M photoelectric coupling solid-state SSR modules which are connected into a matrix structure; the light-emitting sides of the N * M SSR modules are respectively connected between N * M sampling points and a common end of the diesel locomotive; one end of the light receiving side of the ith row of SSR modules in the matrix is connected to the first end of the ith gating switch and is connected with a direct current power supply, the second end of the gating switch is connected with the common end, and the other ends of the light receiving sides of the M SSR modules in each row are respectively connected with the same M paths of switching value input / output interfaces in the controller in a one-to-one correspondence manner. According to the utility model, various types of fault points which are easy to break down on the internal combustion locomotive can be automatically detected and displayed, and the troubleshooting difficulty of the internal combustion locomotive is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of fault detection, and specifically relates to a fault detection device applicable to diesel locomotives. Background Art

[0002] A diesel locomotive is a motor vehicle powered by an internal combustion engine and drives the wheels to rotate through a transmission device. As a large-scale electromechanical integration device, the driving circuit of a diesel locomotive adopts a relay interlocking circuit control type. Due to the large number of various protection circuits and interlocking circuits, faults often occur during operation. If the locomotive driver cannot detect and handle the faults within a short time, it will affect the operation of the locomotive and cause delays. Therefore, developing an intelligent fault detection device on a diesel locomotive to automatically detect and directly display the location or type of fault points can greatly reduce the troubleshooting time of locomotive faults and improve the operation efficiency of diesel locomotives.

[0003] However, there is no formed product or precedent with a fault self-diagnosis function on existing diesel locomotives. The main reasons are as follows:

[0004] First, for a diesel locomotive with a relay interlocking circuit control type, its functional circuits are complex and numerous, and a large number of monitoring points need to be set. General processors cannot provide a sufficient number of interfaces to collect these sampling signals.

[0005] Second, the conversion of sampling signals is rather troublesome, and a large number of signal conversion devices need to be configured, resulting in an increase in the complexity of the fault detection circuit.

[0006] Third, when adding a fault detection circuit to a diesel locomotive, it is necessary to ensure that the original vehicle circuit cannot be interfered with under any circumstances and no new faults will occur. Therefore, the isolation requirement between the two lines is relatively high. Summary of the Invention

[0007] In order to solve the problem that the existing diesel locomotive takes a long time and is laborious to troubleshoot faults due to the lack of a fault self-diagnosis function, which affects the operation efficiency of the locomotive, the utility model proposes a fault detection device for a diesel locomotive, which can automatically detect and display various types of fault points that are prone to occur on the diesel locomotive, and reduces the difficulty of troubleshooting diesel locomotive faults.

[0008] To solve the above technical problems, the utility model is implemented by adopting the following technical solutions:

[0009] In one aspect, the utility model proposes a fault detection device for a diesel locomotive, including:

[0010] A controller, which includes a multi-channel analog-to-digital conversion interface, a multi-channel digital input / output interface, and a communication interface;

[0011] Sensors, including a plurality of sensors, are used to detect different parameters at different positions inside the diesel locomotive and generate analog detection signals to be transmitted to the multi-channel analog-to-digital conversion interface of the controller;

[0012] A display unit connected to the communication interface of the controller and used to display the location and / or type of the fault point;

[0013] A matrix input unit comprising:

[0014] A gating switch, comprising N gate switches, wherein the control ends of the N gate switches are respectively connected to the N switch input / output interfaces of the controller in a one-to-one correspondence, and receive a gating control signal output by the controller, wherein the first end of the switch path of each gate switch is connected to a DC power supply, and the second end of the switch path is connected to a common end;

[0015] A photoelectrically coupled solid-state SSR module comprises N×M modules connected to form an N×M matrix structure; one end of the light-emitting side of the N×M photoelectrically coupled solid-state SSR modules is connected to the N×M sampling points of the diesel locomotive in a one-to-one correspondence, and the other end of the light-emitting side is connected to a common end; one end of the light-receiving side of the photoelectrically coupled solid-state SSR modules in the i-th row in the matrix is connected to the first end of the i-th selection switch, i=1,2,...,N, and the other end of the light-receiving side of the M photoelectrically coupled solid-state SSR modules in each row is connected to the same M switch input / output interfaces in the controller in a one-to-one correspondence; wherein N and M are both positive integers greater than 1.

[0016] In some embodiments of the present application, in view of the large number of relay protection circuits and interlocking circuits in a diesel locomotive, N×M sampling points of the diesel locomotive are configured as fault detection points corresponding to the relay interlocking circuits and / or protection circuits in the diesel locomotive. As a result, only N+M switch input / output interfaces of the controller need to be occupied to receive N×M sampling signals, which greatly saves the interface resources of the controller.

[0017] In some embodiments of the present application, the selection switch can be an NPN-type transistor, whose base is connected to the switch input / output interface of the controller, receives the selection control signal output by the controller, connects its collector to the DC power supply through a current limiting resistor, and connects its emitter to the common end. When it is controlled to be turned on, it can shield the M-channel optocoupler solid-state SSR modules connected to it from transmitting sampling signals to the controller, thereby realizing the function of transmitting N groups of M-channel sampling signals to the controller in a time-sharing manner.

[0018] In some embodiments of the present application, the DC power supply can be generated by converting the high-voltage DC power supply generated by a diesel locomotive through a DC voltage converter, eliminating the need for additional power supply configuration and helping to reduce hardware costs; the common terminal can be selected as the zero-potential terminal to accommodate both positive and negative voltage sampling signals; the controller can be a PLC programmable logic controller and receive the DC power supply as its power source to enhance the adaptability of the controller to the complex working conditions provided by the diesel locomotive; the display unit can be a touch screen to receive user operation instructions, facilitating parameter configuration and meeting different user needs when viewing fault information.

[0019] In some embodiments of the present application, current-limiting resistors can be respectively connected in series in the connection lines between the light-emitting side of each opto-coupled solid-state SSR module and the sampling point; current reverse-bias protection diodes can be respectively connected in series in the connection lines between the light-receiving side of each opto-coupled solid-state SSR module and the digital input / output interface of the controller to achieve unidirectional circuit isolation.

[0020] In some embodiments of the present application, for the case where the light-receiving side of the opto-coupled solid-state SSR module is a light-receiving triode, the emitter of the light-receiving triode can be connected to the first terminal of the gating switch, i.e., connecting the DC power supply, the collector of the light-receiving triode can be connected to the cathode of the current reverse-bias protection diode, and the anode of the current reverse-bias protection diode can be connected to the digital input / output interface of the controller. When the light-receiving triode is controlled to conduct, the digital input / output interface of the controller is set to a high level by using the DC power supply to indirectly reflect the level state of the light-emitting side of the opto-coupled solid-state SSR module, i.e., the level state of the sampling point of the diesel locomotive.

[0021] In some embodiments of the present application, considering the diversity of diesel locomotive fault types, multiple types of sensors can be configured, such as temperature sensors, speed sensors, pressure sensors, etc., to detect different operating parameters of the diesel locomotive. Specifically, multiple temperature sensors can be configured to respectively detect the cooling water temperature and lubricating oil temperature of the diesel locomotive; a speed sensor can be installed on the output shaft of the diesel engine of the diesel locomotive to detect the speed of the output shaft of the diesel engine; a pressure sensor can be installed on the lubricating oil pipeline of the diesel locomotive to detect the oil pressure of the lubricating oil.

[0022] In some embodiments of the present application, multiple potentiometers can also be provided in the fault detection device to respectively detect the output voltages of the main generator, auxiliary generator, and excitation generator in the diesel locomotive and transmit them to the analog-to-digital conversion interface of the controller to realize the detection of whether the power supply system in the diesel locomotive is operating normally.

[0023] In some embodiments of the present application, a positioning module may further be provided in the fault detection device, connected to a positioning antenna and connected to one set of communication interfaces of the controller, for detecting the geographical location of the diesel locomotive.

[0024] In some embodiments of the present application, a wireless data transmission module may further be provided in the fault detection device, connected to a radio frequency antenna and connected to another set of communication interfaces of the controller, for wireless communication with external devices, receiving remote instructions or sending fault information to remote users.

[0025] In another aspect, the present utility model further provides a diesel locomotive, on which a fault detection device is installed, and the fault detection device includes:

[0026] A controller, which includes a plurality of analog-to-digital conversion interfaces, a plurality of digital input / output interfaces, and communication interfaces;

[0027] A plurality of sensors, which are used for detecting different parameters at different positions inside the diesel locomotive and generating analog detection signals for transmission to the plurality of analog-to-digital conversion interfaces of the controller;

[0028] A display unit, which is connected to the communication interface of the controller for displaying the location and / or type of the fault point;

[0029] A matrix input unit, which includes:

[0030] N selection switches, the control ends of the N selection switches are respectively connected to the N digital input / output interfaces of the controller in one-to-one correspondence, receiving the selection control signals output by the controller, the first end of the switching path of each selection switch is connected to the DC power supply, and the second end of the switching path is connected to the common end;

[0031] N×M opto-coupled solid-state SSR modules, which are connected to form an N×M matrix structure; one end of the light-emitting side of the N×M opto-coupled solid-state SSR modules is respectively connected to the N×M sampling points of the diesel locomotive in one-to-one correspondence, and the other end of the light-emitting side is connected to the common end; one end of the light-receiving side of the opto-coupled solid-state SSR modules in the i-th row of the matrix is connected to the first end of the i-th selection switch, i = 1, 2,..., N, and the other ends of the light-receiving sides of the M opto-coupled solid-state SSR modules in each row are respectively connected to the same M digital input / output interfaces in the controller in one-to-one correspondence; where N and M are both positive integers greater than 1.

[0032] In some embodiments of the present application, the diesel locomotive includes a driver's cab, an operation console is provided in the driver's cab, and a fault detection switch is provided on the operation console, and the fault detection device is controlled to start detection or shut down by operating the fault detection switch.

[0033] Compared with the prior art, the advantages and positive effects of the present utility model are mainly reflected in the following aspects:

[0034] 1. The present utility model adopts N×M opto-coupled solid-state SSR modules, which are connected to form an N×M matrix structure. Cooperating with N strobe switches, it controls N rows of opto-coupled solid-state SSR modules to be connected to M interfaces of the controller in a time-sharing manner. Thus, only N+M interfaces of the controller are required to realize signal acquisition for N×M fault sampling points, greatly saving the interface resources of the controller and well solving the problem of a large number of sampling points faced by diesel locomotives of the relay interlock circuit control type.

[0035] 2. After the present utility model uses opto-coupled solid-state SSR modules to uniformly convert analog quantity inputs at different sampling points into digital quantity signals and then transmits them to the controller, while meeting the requirements of the controller for receiving these sampling signals, it can simplify the judgment logic when the controller diagnoses faults for these sampling points.

[0036] 3. The present utility model designs the sampling circuit using opto-coupled solid-state SSR modules, which can realize electrical isolation between the fault detection circuit and the original locomotive circuit, ensuring that it does not affect the working state of the original locomotive circuit and solving the safety problem after installing the fault detection device on the diesel locomotive.

[0037] 4. By configuring different types of sensors in the fault detection device of the present utility model and installing them at different positions on the diesel locomotive, different operating parameters of the diesel locomotive can be detected, increasing the comprehensiveness of fault detection.

[0038] 5. The present utility model sets a display unit in the fault detection device to directly display the position or type of the fault point, which can greatly shorten the troubleshooting time of locomotive faults and improve the operating efficiency of diesel locomotives.

[0039] After reading the detailed description of the embodiments of the present utility model in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, other features and advantages of the present utility model will become clearer. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0040] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present utility model, the following will briefly introduce the accompanying drawings required for the embodiments. Obviously, the accompanying drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present utility model. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other accompanying drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative efforts.

[0041] Figure 1 It is the circuit schematic diagram of an embodiment of the controller and its peripheral circuit in the fault detection device proposed by the present utility model;

[0042] Figure 2 It is a circuit schematic diagram of an embodiment of the matrix input unit. Specific embodiments

[0043] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0044] It should be noted that in the description of the present utility model, unless otherwise clearly defined and limited, the terms "installation", "connection", and "connection" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection or an integral connection; it can be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the communication inside two components. For those skilled in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present utility model can be understood according to specific situations.

[0045] The terms "first" and "second" are only used for descriptive purposes, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the quantity of the indicated technical features. Thus, the features defined with "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of such features.

[0046] In the description of the present utility model, unless otherwise stated, the meaning of "a plurality" is two or more.

[0047] See Figure 1 、 Figure 2 , the fault detection device of this embodiment fully considers the types and quantities of fault points of diesel locomotives. The designed detection circuit mainly includes a controller, various types of sensors, a display unit, a matrix input unit, etc.

[0048] Among them, the controller receives various sampling signals, compares them with preset parameters to judge the position and / or type of the fault point, and sends them to the display unit for direct display, so as to reduce the difficulty of fault troubleshooting for locomotive drivers and improve the operation efficiency of diesel locomotives.

[0049] Since the working environment of diesel locomotives is relatively complex or even harsh, in order to improve the reliability of the operation of the fault detection device, in some embodiments, a PLC programmable logic controller can be selected to receive various sampling signals to realize the coordinated control of other electrical components in the device.

[0050] Such as Figure 1As shown, the PLC controller of this embodiment has multiple analog-to-digital conversion interfaces A0 to A11, which can be used to receive analog detection signals output by various detection elements such as sensors and voltmeters that output voltage signals or current signals with different amplitudes. In some embodiments, multiple temperature sensors can be set in the fault detection device to respectively detect the cooling water temperature and lubricating oil temperature in the diesel locomotive, output voltage signals reflecting the temperature change, and transmit them to the analog-to-digital conversion interfaces A0 to A3 of the PLC controller to convert the analog signals into digital signals, so as to realize the automatic identification of the cooling water temperature and lubricating oil temperature. By comparing the detected cooling water temperature and lubricating oil temperature with the set threshold values, it can be automatically determined whether the cooling water temperature and lubricating oil temperature exceed the standard, and the judgment results are displayed on the display unit.

[0051] In some embodiments, the display unit can select a touch screen to connect to the communication interface of the PLC controller. It can not only display the sampling data and fault information, but also receive the operation instructions of the user to realize the configuration or adjustment of the internal parameters of the controller to adapt to the actual working conditions of different types of locomotives.

[0052] In order to detect faults in the diesel engine of the diesel locomotive, a speed sensor can be set in the fault detection device and installed on the output shaft of the diesel engine. According to the speed of the output shaft of the diesel engine, a corresponding voltage detection signal is generated and sent to the analog-to-digital conversion interface A4 of the PLC controller to convert the analog signal into a digital signal to realize the automatic identification of the diesel engine speed.

[0053] In order to detect faults in the oil pump of the diesel locomotive, a pressure sensor can be set in the fault detection device and installed on the lubricating oil pipeline of the diesel locomotive to detect the oil pressure of the lubricating oil and generate a corresponding voltage detection signal, which is sent to the analog-to-digital conversion interface A5 of the PLC controller to convert the analog signal into a digital signal to realize the fault troubleshooting of the oil pump and the lubricating oil pressure.

[0054] In a diesel locomotive, multiple generators are usually configured. For example, in Dongfeng 4 and Dongfeng 12 diesel locomotives, a main generator, an auxiliary generator, and an excitation generator are set. In order to automatically detect the working conditions of these generators, this embodiment also sets multiple potentiometers in the fault detection device to respectively detect the output voltage of the main generator, the output voltage of the auxiliary generator, and the excitation voltage output by the excitation generator in the diesel locomotive, and transmit them to the analog-to-digital conversion interfaces A7 to A9 of the controller to realize the automatic diagnosis of whether the power supply system in the diesel locomotive is operating normally.

[0055] In diesel locomotives, most fault sampling points need to be arranged at the positions of relay interlocking circuits and protection circuits to detect whether the active contacts of the relays are accurately opened and closed. However, the signal types and sizes of these sampling points are different. If they are directly transmitted to the PLC controller for reception and judgment, the PLC controller interface resources will be insufficient and the judgment logic will be complicated. For this reason, the present embodiment designs a matrix input unit, which reduces the interface occupation of the PLC controller and simplifies the judgment logic of the PLC controller while meeting the detection requirements of a large number of sampling points.

[0056] like Figure 2 As shown, the matrix input unit of this embodiment is mainly provided with a gating element and a photoelectric coupling solid-state SSR module. According to the number M of available interfaces of the PLC controller and the number Q of sampling points required by the diesel locomotive, N×M photoelectric coupling solid-state SSR modules are selected and connected to form an N×M matrix structure, wherein N×M>Q, and N and M are both positive integers greater than 1. At the same time, N gating elements are selected to perform gating control on N rows of photoelectric coupling solid-state SSR modules respectively.

[0057] Specifically, the control end of the strobe switch can be connected to the PLC controller, and the switch signal output by the PLC controller can be used to control the strobe switch to be turned on or off. In this way, N strobe switches need to occupy N switch input / output interfaces of the PLC controller. The first end of the switch path of the N strobe switches is connected to a DC power supply, and is connected to the light-receiving side of N rows of photoelectrically coupled solid-state SSR modules in a one-to-one correspondence, and the second end of the switch path is connected to a common end COM, such as a zero potential end. In this way, when the strobe switch is controlled to be turned on, a row of photoelectrically coupled solid-state SSR modules connected to its switch path is shielded because the potential of its light-receiving side is pulled down, and the photoelectrically coupled solid-state SSR module connected to the strobe switch in the cut-off state can output the detection signal normally through its light-receiving side. Therefore, the PLC controller only needs to control the N strobe switches to be turned on in turn, and can receive the detection signals of N×M sampling points through its M switch input / output interfaces in time-sharing, thereby greatly saving the interface resources of the PLC controller.

[0058] The specific circuit structure of the matrix input unit of this embodiment is described in detail below by taking N=4, M=8, and the selection switch being an NPN-type transistor as an example.

[0059] like Figure 2As shown in the figure, for a 4×8 matrix input unit, 4 NPN transistors Q1 to Q4 and 32 opto-coupled solid-state SSR modules are required, which occupy 12 digital input / output interfaces Y0 to Y3, X0 to X7 of the PLC controller. The voltage or current of 32 sampling points C10 to C17, C20 to C27, C30 to C37, and C40 to C47 in the diesel locomotive can be collected, uniformly converted into digital signals, and transmitted to the 8 digital input / output interfaces X0 to X7 of the PLC controller in a time-sharing manner to achieve fault diagnosis of 32 sampling points in the diesel locomotive.

[0060] Specifically, the bases of the 4 NPN transistors Q1 to Q4 can be respectively and correspondingly connected to the 4 digital input / output interfaces Y0 to Y3 of the PLC controller to receive the digital gating control signals output by the PLC controller through its 4 digital input / output interfaces Y0 to Y3. Configure the PLC controller to control the electrical position of one of its 4 digital input / output interfaces Y0 to Y3 to be low in a time-sharing manner, and the other three interfaces all output high levels. In this way, the 4 NPN transistors Q1 to Q4 can be controlled to alternately switch from the conducting state to the cut-off state, thereby realizing the sequential gating of the N rows of opto-coupled solid-state SSR modules.

[0061] The collectors (the first ends of the switch paths of the gating switches) of the 4 NPN transistors Q1 to Q4 can be respectively connected to the DC power supply through current-limiting resistors R1 to R4, such as a +24V DC power supply; the emitters (the second ends of the switch paths of the gating switches) of the 4 NPN transistors Q1 to Q4 can be respectively connected to the common terminal COM, such as the system ground.

[0062] The +24V DC power supply here can be generated by converting the 110V high-voltage DC power supply generated by the power supply line in the diesel locomotive using a DC voltage converter arranged in the fault detection device, as Figure 1 shown. At the same time, the +24V DC power supply can be used to supply power to the PLC controller and the touch display screen to meet the power consumption requirements of these loads.

[0063] Arrange 32 opto - coupled solid - state SSR modules in 4 rows and 8 columns. Each row corresponds to an NPN - type triode. For example, connect one end of the light - receiving sides of the 8 opto - coupled solid - state SSR modules in the first row to the collector of the NPN - type triode Q1, and the other ends are respectively connected to the 8 digital input / output interfaces X0~X7 of the PLC controller in one - to - one correspondence. Similarly, connect one end of the light - receiving sides of the 8 opto - coupled solid - state SSR modules in the second row to the collector of the NPN - type triode Q2, and the other ends are respectively connected to the 8 digital input / output interfaces X0~X7 of the PLC controller in one - to - one correspondence. Connect one end of the light - receiving sides of the 8 opto - coupled solid - state SSR modules in the third row to the collector of the NPN - type triode Q3, and the other ends are respectively connected to the 8 digital input / output interfaces X0~X7 of the PLC controller in one - to - one correspondence. Connect one end of the light - receiving sides of the 8 opto - coupled solid - state SSR modules in the fourth row to the collector of the NPN - type triode Q4, and the other ends are respectively connected to the 8 digital input / output interfaces X0~X7 of the PLC controller in one - to - one correspondence.

[0064] In some embodiments, for an opto - coupled solid - state SSR module whose light - receiving side is a light - receiving triode, the emitter of the light - receiving triode of each opto - coupled solid - state SSR module can be connected to the collector of the NPN - type triode, and the collector of the light - receiving triode can be connected to the digital input / output interface of the PLC controller. In this way, when the light - receiving triode is turned on, the digital input / output interface of the PLC controller can be set to a high level; when the light - receiving triode is turned off, the digital input / output interface of the PLC controller can be set to a low level.

[0065] To achieve unidirectional circuit isolation, in this embodiment, a current anti - reverse - bias diode D is respectively connected to the collector of the light - receiving triode of each opto - coupled solid - state SSR module, as Figure 2 shown. Specifically, the cathode of the diode D can be connected to the collector of the light - receiving triode of the opto - coupled solid - state SSR module, and the anode of the diode D can be connected to the digital input / output interface of the PLC controller to prevent the +24V DC power supply from back - feeding current to the digital input / output interface of the PLC controller through the free - wheeling diode in the light - receiving triode during the period when the light - receiving triode in the opto - coupled solid - state SSR module is turned off.

[0066] Connect one end of the light - emitting sides of the 32 opto - coupled solid - state SSR modules to 32 sampling points in the diesel locomotive in one - to - one correspondence, and the other end of the light - emitting side is connected to the common terminal COM. Since the light - emitting side of the opto - coupled solid - state SSR module is composed of light - emitting diodes in inverse parallel, therefore, regardless of whether the voltage at the sampling point is positive or negative, and regardless of the magnitude of the voltage amplitude, it can drive the light - emitting side of the opto - coupled solid - state SSR module to emit light, and then control the light - receiving triode of the opto - coupled solid - state SSR module to turn on.

[0067] A current-limiting resistor R can be connected in series on the line connecting the light-emitting side of each opto-coupled solid-state SSR module to the sampling point, as Figure 2 shown, to avoid changing the potential state of the sampling point position of the diesel locomotive after the access of the fault detection device.

[0068] For the digital quantity sampling points in the diesel locomotive, the sampling signals can be directly transmitted to other digital quantity input / output interfaces of the PLC controller, such as M30~M37, M40~M47, M50~M57, M60~M67, etc. According to the high and low level states of the received sampling signals, the fault diagnosis can be realized.

[0069] A fault detection switch can be specially set on the console in the driver's cab of the diesel locomotive. The locomotive driver can control the start and stop of the fault detection device by operating the fault detection switch.

[0070] The specific working principle is as follows: When the locomotive driver operates the fault detection switch to start the fault detection device, the DC voltage converter starts to operate first, converts the 110V high-voltage DC power supply output by the power supply system in the diesel locomotive into a 24V low-voltage DC power supply to supply power to the PLC controller, the touch screen display, and the matrix input unit, so that the fault detection device enters the working state.

[0071] The PLC controller receives the analog detection signals output by various sensors and potentiometers through its analog-to-digital conversion interfaces A0~A11, converts them into digital signals, then judges whether the cooling water temperature, lubricating oil temperature, diesel engine speed, output voltage of various generators, etc. of the diesel locomotive are normal, and displays the collected values and judgment results on the touch screen display for the locomotive driver to conduct fault troubleshooting.

[0072] The PLC controller configures the potentials of its 4 digital quantity input / output interfaces Y0~Y3 to be low in turn to control the 4 NPN-type triodes Q0~Q3 in the matrix input unit to be cut off in turn, so as to realize the sequential selection of the 4-row opto-coupled solid-state SSR modules.

[0073] For example, if the PLC controller configures its 4 digital input / output interfaces Y0~Y3 to 0111 (0 represents low level and 1 represents high level), then the triode Q0 is cut off, and the triodes Q1~Q3 are turned on. The first-line opto-coupled solid-state SSR module is selected. According to the potential levels of the sampling points C10~C17, corresponding digital signals are generated and transmitted to the digital input / output interfaces X0~X7 of the PLC controller. The PLC controller can first convert the received 8 digital signals from binary to decimal. After generating the data, it compares with the pre-saved fault-free data. If they are consistent, it is considered that the sampling points C10~C17 are fault-free; if not, it filters out the opto-coupled solid-state SSR module with incorrect digital signals, determines the sampling point connected to it as the fault point, and displays it through the touch screen display. The outputs of the second, third, and fourth-line opto-coupled solid-state SSR modules are shielded and do not change with the potential levels of the sampling points. After that, the PLC controller configures its 4 digital input / output interfaces Y0~Y3 to 1011, selects the second-line opto-coupled solid-state SSR module, and performs fault detection on the sampling points C20~C27, and so on.

[0074] The PLC controller determines whether the digital sampling points in the diesel locomotive are abnormal according to the potential states of its digital input / output interfaces such as M30~M37, M40~M47, M50~M57, M60~M67, etc., and generates the detection results for fault display through the touch screen display.

[0075] In addition, a voice playback board can be further set in the fault detection device, connected to the digital input / output interfaces Y4~Y7, Y10~Y13 of the PLC controller, as Figure 1 shown. The PLC controller can configure the potential states of its digital input / output interfaces Y4~Y7, Y10~Y13 according to the fault detection results or fault types, and then control the voice playback board to drive the speaker to play the adapted voice.

[0076] In some embodiments, a positioning module and a wireless data transmission module can be further set in the fault detection device, as Figure 1 shown, respectively connected to the RS485 communication interface and the RS232 communication interface of the PLC controller. The positioning module communicates with the satellite through the positioning antenna to perform real-time positioning on the diesel locomotive. The wireless data transmission module communicates with the remote device through the RF antenna, and can send the position and fault information of the diesel locomotive to the remote device to achieve remote monitoring.

[0077] Certainly, the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or perform equivalent replacements on some of the technical features; and these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions required to be protected by the present invention.

Claims

1. A fault detection device for diesel locomotives, characterized in that, Comprising: A controller, which includes a multi-channel analog-to-digital conversion interface, a multi-channel digital input / output interface, and a communication interface; Sensors, including multiple sensors, which are used to detect different parameters at different positions inside the diesel locomotive and generate analog detection signals to be transmitted to the multi-channel analog-to-digital conversion interface of the controller; A display unit, which is connected to the communication interface of the controller and is used to display the location and / or type of the fault point; A matrix input unit, which includes: Strobe switches, including N strobe switches. The control ends of the N strobe switches are respectively connected to the N-channel digital input / output interfaces of the controller in one-to-one correspondence, receiving the strobe control signals output by the controller. The first end of the switch path of each strobe switch is connected to the DC power supply, and the second end of the switch path is connected to the common terminal; Opto-coupled solid-state SSR modules, including N×M opto-coupled solid-state SSR modules, which are connected to form an N×M matrix structure; one end of the light-emitting side of the N×M opto-coupled solid-state SSR modules is respectively connected to the N×M sampling points of the diesel locomotive in one-to-one correspondence, and the other end of the light-emitting side is connected to the common terminal; one end of the light-receiving side of the opto-coupled solid-state SSR modules in the i-th row of the matrix is connected to the first end of the i-th strobe switch, i = 1, 2, ……, N. The other ends of the light-receiving sides of the M opto-coupled solid-state SSR modules in each row are respectively connected to the same M-channel digital input / output interfaces in the controller in one-to-one correspondence; where N and M are both positive integers greater than 1.

2. The fault detection device for diesel locomotives according to claim 1, characterized in that, The N×M sampling points of the diesel locomotive are the fault detection points corresponding to the relay interlocking circuit and / or the protection circuit in the diesel locomotive.

3. The fault detection device for diesel locomotives according to claim 1, characterized in that, The strobe switch is an NPN-type triode, whose base is connected to the digital input / output interface of the controller, receiving the strobe control signal output by the controller. Its collector is connected to the DC power supply through a current-limiting resistor, and its emitter is connected to the common terminal.

4. The fault detection device for a diesel locomotive according to claim 3, wherein The DC power supply is generated by converting the high-voltage DC power supply generated by the diesel locomotive through a DC voltage converter; The common terminal is a zero-potential terminal; The controller is a PLC programmable logic controller, receiving the DC power supply as its power supply; The display unit is a touch screen, receiving user operation instructions.

5. The fault detection device for a diesel locomotive according to claim 1, wherein Current-limiting resistors are respectively connected in series in the connection lines between the light-emitting side of each opto-coupled solid-state SSR module and the sampling point; Current reverse-bias prevention diodes are respectively connected in series in the connection lines between the light-receiving side of each opto-coupled solid-state SSR module and the digital input / output interface of the controller.

6. The fault detection device for diesel locomotives according to claim 5, characterized in that, The light-receiving side of the opto-coupled solid-state SSR module is a light-receiving triode. The emitter of the light-receiving triode is connected to the first end of the strobe switch, the collector is connected to the cathode of the current reverse-bias prevention diode, and the anode of the current reverse-bias prevention diode is connected to the digital input / output interface of the controller.

7. The fault detection device for diesel locomotives according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sensors include: Temperature sensors, including multiple temperature sensors, which are respectively used to detect the cooling water temperature and the lubricating oil temperature of the diesel locomotive; A rotational speed sensor is installed on the output shaft of the diesel engine of the diesel locomotive and is used to detect the rotational speed of the output shaft of the diesel engine; A pressure sensor is installed on the lubricating oil pipeline of the diesel locomotive and is used to detect the oil pressure of the lubricating oil.

8. The fault detection device for an internal combustion locomotive according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that, It further includes: Potentiometers, which are multiple in number and are respectively used to detect the output voltages of the main generator, the auxiliary generator, and the exciter generator in the diesel locomotive and transmit them to the analog-to-digital conversion interface of the controller; A positioning module, which is connected to a positioning antenna and is connected to one set of communication interfaces of the controller and is used to detect the geographical location of the diesel locomotive; A wireless data transmission module, which is connected to a radio frequency antenna and is connected to another set of communication interfaces of the controller and is used for wireless communication with external devices.

9. An internal combustion locomotive, characterized in that, The fault detection device for a diesel locomotive according to any one of claims 1 to 8 is installed on the diesel locomotive.

10. The diesel locomotive according to claim 9, characterized in that, It includes a driver's cab, where an operation console is provided in the driver's cab, and a fault detection switch is provided on the operation console. The fault detection device is controlled to start detection or shut down by operating the fault detection switch.

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