Stalk first section cutting device before smashing of pennisetum sinese

Abstract

The utility model discloses a first stem section cutting device before crushing pennisetum sinese, which comprises a rack and is characterized in that a row of jacking mechanisms are arranged on the rack, each jacking mechanism comprises an air cylinder arranged at the bottom of the rack, the top of each air cylinder is connected with a cutting mechanism, each cutting mechanism comprises a lifting arm, a cutting blade driven by a motor is arranged at the front end of each lifting arm, and the cutting blades are connected with the lifting arms. A bearing cutter is arranged under the cutting blade and matched with the cutting blade, a discharging sliding groove is formed below the bearing cutter, and a feeding groove is formed in the bearing cutter and matched with the bearing cutter. Effective first segment cutting is carried out on pennisetum sinese stems, and the subsequent crushing requirement is met; the treatment capacity is large, and the requirements of concentrated harvesting and feed preparation of the pennisetum sinese can be met in a short time; the labor cost is low, the production efficiency is high, the operation is simple, and the operation process is safe.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the cutting technology of plant feed raw materials, in particular to a first-stage cutting device for the stem heads of Pennisetum giganteum before crushing. Background Art

[0002] Pennisetum giganteum has high photosynthetic efficiency, high nutrient content, and a crude protein content as high as 10%. It can be used not only as mushroom material but also as feed, and is also an excellent grass species for soil and water conservation. The silage feed prepared with Pennisetum giganteum as the main raw material has high nutritional value, good digestibility and palatability, and can be stored for a long time. When making silage feed from Pennisetum giganteum, the forage needs to be broken, but the whole rod-shaped forage cannot be directly crushed in the crusher, so the rod-shaped forage needs to be cut first into lengths below 30 cm to meet the requirements of the crushing technology.

[0003] Obviously, manual processing will result in high labor intensity and low efficiency. Although there are many existing forage cutting devices, they are generally designed for specific forages and cannot effectively solve the problem of segmenting Pennisetum giganteum.

[0004] For example, the patent publication number CN204868986U discloses a forage segmenting cutter. A vertical cutting cylinder is provided on a frame. A vertical inner cavity is provided inside the cutting cylinder. The feed inlet of the cutting cylinder is located at the upper end of the cylinder body, and the discharge outlet of the cutting cylinder is located at the lower end of the cylinder body. The inner cavity wall of the cutting cylinder slopes downward. Both the discharge outlet and the feed inlet are circular, and the area of the feed inlet is larger than that of the discharge outlet. Cutting strips are provided on the inner cavity wall. A rotating shaft is vertically provided inside the cutting cylinder, and a cutting plate is fixed on the rotating shaft. A cutting edge is provided on the outer contour of the cutting plate. This device is suitable for cutting soft, tender, and short forages. Since there is a stirring action during the cutting process, forages like Pennisetum giganteum, which are rod-shaped, hard and brittle, and several meters long, are easily entangled by the rotating shaft and blocked, causing the machine to break down.

[0005] Another example is a livestock feed segmenting cutting device disclosed in the patent publication number CN107711111B, which includes a fixing plate, a support frame, a base, a first slide rail, a first slider, a mounting frame, etc. The fixing plate is symmetrically provided with support frames at the front and rear on the left and right sides of the bottom. The bases are symmetrically provided at the bottoms of the support frames on the left and right sides. The first slide rails are symmetrically provided on the left and right sides of the top of the fixing plate, and the first sliders are slidably provided on the first slide rails. This device is also only suitable for cutting soft forages and cannot handle the segmentation of forages such as Pennisetum giganteum and corn stalks with thick stems, nodes, and relatively brittle and hard textures. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of the present utility model is to solve the above problems and provide a first-stage cutting device for the stems of Pennisetum giganteum before crushing, which integrates feeding, segmenting, and discharging, can achieve semi-automatic or automatic operation, and can continuously and efficiently complete the cutting of forage such as Pennisetum giganteum with thick stems, nodes, and brittle and hard texture, meeting the technical requirements of the raw materials for the crusher.

[0007] The above technical problems of the present utility model are mainly solved by the following technical solutions: A first-stage cutting device for the stems of Pennisetum giganteum before crushing, including a frame, characterized in that a row of lifting mechanisms are provided on the frame. The lifting mechanism includes a cylinder arranged at the bottom of the frame, and the top of the cylinder is connected with a cutting mechanism. The cutting mechanism includes a lifting arm, and the front end of the lifting arm is provided with a cutting blade driven by a motor. A cutting support knife is arranged below the cutting blade and is matched with the cutting blade. An outlet chute is arranged below the cutting support knife, and a feeding chute is arranged to be adapted to the cutting support knife.

[0008] In the above-mentioned first-stage cutting device for the stems of Pennisetum giganteum before crushing, preferably, the lifting mechanism includes a hollow column. A lifting block connected to the piston rod of the cylinder is arranged inside the hollow column. The lifting arm is connected with the lifting block, and the lifting block has upper and lower guiding bodies in the hollow column.

[0009] In the above-mentioned first-stage cutting device for the stems of Pennisetum giganteum before crushing, preferably, a dust-proof cover is arranged on the hollow column at the position where the lifting arm extends out.

[0010] In the above-mentioned first-stage cutting device for the stems of Pennisetum giganteum before crushing, preferably, the cutting support knife has an arc-shaped receiving surface. The cutting support knife is composed of two parallel fixed knife bars. The cutting groove formed between the two fixed knife bars is larger than the thickness of the cutting blade, and the front end of the cutting groove is an open discharging port.

[0011] In the above-mentioned first-stage cutting device for the stems of Pennisetum giganteum before crushing, preferably, a pressing mechanism is arranged on the other side of the lifting arm relative to the motor, and the lowest point of the pressing mechanism is flush with the lowest point of the cutting blade.

[0012] In the above-mentioned first-stage cutting device for the stems of Pennisetum giganteum before crushing, preferably, the pressing mechanism includes a spring tube seat fixed on the lifting arm. A spring is arranged inside the spring tube seat, and a pressing rod extends downward from the spring tube seat and out of the spring tube seat.

[0013] In the above-mentioned first-stage cutting device for the stems of Pennisetum giganteum before crushing, preferably, a cover is arranged at the top of the spring tube seat. A screw hole is arranged at the center of the cover, and an adjusting rod is configured through the screw hole. The bottom end of the adjusting rod is closely attached to the top of the spring.

[0014] In the foregoing first-stage stalk segment cutting device for Pennisetum giganteum before crushing, preferably, the adjusting rod has a hollow pipe section, and a guiding rod is provided on the upper section of the pressing rod. The guiding rod passes through the center of the spring and is matched with the hollow pipe section of the adjusting rod; the length of the hollow pipe section corresponds to the maximum compression amount of the spring.

[0015] In the foregoing first-stage stalk segment cutting device for Pennisetum giganteum before crushing, preferably, each lifting mechanism in the row of lifting mechanisms has two sets of cutting mechanisms arranged symmetrically. The two sets of cutting mechanisms have the same structure, including a lifting arm and a matching cutting blade; and a cutting support knife, a matching discharging chute and a feeding chute are respectively arranged in cooperation with the two sets of cutting mechanisms.

[0016] In the foregoing first-stage stalk segment cutting device for Pennisetum giganteum before crushing, preferably, a protective cover is provided at the working range of the lifting mechanism and the cutting mechanism. A movable door is equipped on the protective cover, and the movable door is adapted to the feeding chute.

[0017] This technical solution is designed for the characteristics of Pennisetum giganteum, such as thick stalks, with nodes, and long plants, and the first-stage stalk segment cutting device is designed according to the state of being tied in bundles during harvesting. Based on the frame, the operating length of a row of lifting mechanisms is set according to the common length of Pennisetum giganteum. The lifting mechanism is pushed up and down by a cylinder, and the cutting mechanism only moves up and down under the action of the lifting mechanism: feeding when in the upper position and cutting when in the lower position, with clear actions and orderly feeding.

[0018] A row of lifting mechanisms is configured with a set of cutting mechanisms, and they are arranged at intervals according to the first-stage cutting length of Pennisetum giganteum, such as 30 cm. A motor is installed at the front end of the lifting arm of the cutting mechanism, and a single motor drives a single cutting blade without an intermediate transmission pair, with direct driving force to ensure the cutting power. Especially during the downward cutting process, even when the cylinder is in a pressure-relieved state, the cutting blade can still perform cutting operations under the action of its own weight of the lifting arm equipped with the motor, which has an energy-saving effect.

[0019] Two basic conditions must be met for the cutting of Pennisetum giganteum: one is to be in a suspended state, and the other is to have a support. In this device, a cutting support knife is arranged under the cutting blade and is matched with the cutting blade. This cutting support knife not only has an arc-shaped receiving surface, which helps to position the whole bundle of Pennisetum giganteum, but also the tool is composed of two parallel fixed knife bars, and a cutting groove with an open discharging port is formed between the two fixed knife bars. In this way, the width of the cutting support knife is limited, avoiding the cut sections being placed between adjacent two cutting support knives and forming a pile-up, and at the same time, avoiding the accumulation of materials in the cutting groove. Since the cutting blade is a high-speed rotating saw blade, it can empty any debris in the groove at any time.

[0020] In this solution, a pressing mechanism is designed on the other side of the lifting arm relative to the motor. The pressing mechanism is like a human hand, and it cooperates with the cutting blade to assist in positioning the Pennisetum giganteum during cutting, avoiding the phenomenon of the Pennisetum giganteum moving up and down during cutting and ensuring cutting safety.

[0021] Under the concept of this design, single-row or double-row work section cutting configurations can be achieved and selected according to the specific requirements of the user unit to improve work efficiency.

[0022] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present utility model are as follows: effectively perform the first-stage cutting on the stems of Pennisetum giganteum, meeting the requirements of subsequent crushing; large processing capacity, capable of meeting the need for centralized harvesting and feed production of Pennisetum giganteum in a short time; less human effort, high production efficiency, simple operation, and safe operation process. Description of the Drawings

[0023] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment with a double-row work station of the present utility model.

[0024] Figure 2 It is Figure 1 A-A direction structural schematic diagram (removing the feeding trough).

[0025] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram showing the positional relationship between a cutting mechanism and a cutting support knife of the present utility model.

[0026] Figure 4 It is a schematic structural diagram of a cutting support knife of the present utility model.

[0027] Figure 5 It is Figure 2 A partially enlarged structural schematic diagram of the lifting mechanism and its cutting components in

[0028] Figure 6 It is Figure 5 B-B direction structural schematic diagram (only within the range of the hollow column).

[0029] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram showing the positional relationship between the cutting components and the pressing and supporting mechanism in the lifting arm of the present utility model.

[0030] Figure 8 It is a schematic structural diagram of a pressing and supporting mechanism of the present utility model.

[0031] Figure 9 It is Figure 5 A schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of a single-row cutting mechanism in the B-B direction in

[0032] Figure 10 It is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment with a single-row work station of the present utility model.

[0033] In the figure: 1 - loading chute, 2 - discharging chute, 3 - cutting mechanism, 301 - cutting blade, 302 - lifting arm, 4 - protective cover, 5 - movable door, 6 - supporting cutting knife, 601 - fixed knife bar, 602 - cutting groove, 7 - hollow column, 8 - motor, 9 - pressing mechanism, 901 - spring tube seat, 902 - adjusting rod, 903 - spring, 904 - guiding rod, 905 - pressing rod, 10 - dust-proof cover, 11 - air cylinder, 12 - guiding body, 13 - lifting block, 14 - motor cover. Detailed implementation manner

[0034] The technical solution of the present utility model will be further specifically described below through embodiments in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0035] In this embodiment, a first-stage cutting device for the stem head of Pennisetum giganteum before crushing is as Figure 1 、 Figure 2 shown. The frame is set according to the site conditions of the feed production workshop, and the width of a row of lifting mechanisms is determined according to the average height of the Pennisetum giganteum planted and harvested, and thus the total working width of a group of cutting mechanisms 3 is determined.

[0036] A row of lifting mechanisms is arranged in the frame. The lifting mechanism includes an air cylinder 11 arranged at the bottom of the frame. The top of the air cylinder 11 is connected with a cutting mechanism 3. The cutting mechanism includes a lifting arm 302, and a cutting blade 301 driven by a motor 8 is arranged at the front end of the lifting arm 302. The power of the air cylinder 11 is provided by an air pump, and the motor 8 is powered by the workshop power supply system. The control systems of the air cylinder 11 and the motor 8 both adopt conventional electrical control technologies, which will not be elaborated here. Travel switches are arranged at the upper and lower extreme positions of the lifting arm 302.

[0037] The cutting mechanism 3 in this solution can directly purchase and use a cutting machine on the market, and it can be slightly modified to meet the position requirements of this device.

[0038] A supporting cutting knife 6 is arranged below and in cooperation with the cutting blade 301, as Figure 3 shown. A discharging chute 2 is arranged below the supporting cutting knife 6. The discharging chute 2 can be arranged below the ground according to the workshop terrain, or a belt conveyor can be directly used to transport it to a designated crushing location.

[0039] A loading chute 1 is arranged in a position adapted to the position of the supporting cutting knife 6. The discharge port of the loading chute 1 is generally located at the upper oblique part of the supporting cutting knife 6, so that the bundled Pennisetum giganteum just slides into the supporting cutting knife 6. In actual application, the loading chute 1 can be made into a mobile loading vehicle.

[0040] As Figure 4As shown, the cutting support knife 6 is made of tool steel and has a concave arc-shaped receiving surface. The cutting support knife 6 is composed of two parallel fixed knife bars 601. The cutting groove 602 formed between the two fixed knife bars 601 is larger than the thickness of the cutting blade 301, and the front end of the cutting groove 602 is an open discharge port. Specific example of the cutting support knife 6: Taking the diameter of a bundle of Pennisetum giganteum of about 300 mm as an example, the total length of the fixed knife bar 601 is set to 450 mm, the width of the single-sided fixed knife bar 601 is 8 mm, the front end height is 20 mm, the height of the effective tool tail (i.e., the bottom end of the cutting groove 602) is 50 mm, and the height of the fixed end is 150 mm.

[0041] A protective cover 4 is arranged at the working range of the lifting mechanism and the cutting mechanism 3. An observation hole is opened on the protective cover 4, through which the internal working conditions can be observed. The protective cover 4 is also equipped with a movable door 5. The width of the movable door 5 is adapted to the feeding chute 1 to ensure the smooth positioning of the bundled Pennisetum giganteum.

[0042] The specific structure of the lifting mechanism is as follows: Refer to Figure 5 , Figure 6 , the lifting mechanism includes a hollow column 7 with a square cross-section. An elevating block 13 connected to the piston rod of the air cylinder 11 is arranged inside the hollow column 7. The lifting arm 302 is horizontally connected to the elevating block 13. The elevating block 13 has upper and lower guiding bodies 12 in the hollow column, and the guiding body 12 is of a dovetail groove structure.

[0043] Furthermore, rubber dust-proof covers 10 are arranged on the hollow column 7 at the extending parts of the lifting arms 302. The rubber dust-proof covers 10 have a certain elasticity and can tightly wrap the extending openings of the lifting arms 302 at any time. An electric motor cover 14 is also arranged outside the electric motor 8, and industrial louvers are opened on the electric motor cover 14.

[0044] Still further, a pressing mechanism 9 is arranged on the other side of the lifting arm 302 opposite to the electric motor 8, as Figure 7 shown. The lowest working point of the pressing mechanism 9 is flush with the lowest point of the cutting blade 301.

[0045] Specifically, the pressing mechanism 9 includes a spring tube seat 901 fixed on the lifting arm 302, as Figure 8As shown, a spring 903 is provided inside the bourdon tube seat 901, and a supporting and pressing rod 905 extends downward from inside the bourdon tube seat 901 and out of the bourdon tube seat 901. A detachable cover is provided at the top end of the bourdon tube seat 901. A screw hole is provided at the center of the cover, and a vertical adjusting rod 902 is arranged through the screw hole. The bottom end of the adjusting rod 902 is in close contact with the top end of the spring 903. The adjusting rod 902 has a hollow tube section. A guide rod 904 is provided on the upper section of the supporting and pressing rod 905. The guide rod 904 passes through the center of the spring 903 and cooperates with the hollow tube section of the adjusting rod 902, so that the entire supporting and pressing rod 905 is always limited by the adjusting rod 902. The length of the hollow tube section corresponds to the maximum compression amount of the spring 903. The tightness of the spring 903 can be adjusted by the adjusting rod 902.

[0046] Cutting station Example 1: Double-row station example structure

[0047] See again Figure 1 , each of the lifting mechanisms in one row of lifting mechanisms has two sets of cutting mechanisms 3 arranged symmetrically. The two sets of cutting mechanisms 3 have the same structure, including a lifting arm 302 and a matching cutting blade 301; and a cutting support knife 6, a matching discharge chute 2, a loading chute 1, etc. are respectively arranged in cooperation with the two sets of cutting mechanisms 3. The two sets of cutting mechanisms 3 share one lifting mechanism, that is, the lifting action is provided by the same cylinder 11. Of course, one row of lifting mechanisms must operate synchronously.

[0048] The distance between adjacent two sets in the same row of cutting mechanisms 3 ≤ 300 mm.

[0049] Inside the hollow column 7 of the lifting mechanism, see again Figure 6 , the two lifting arms 302 are arranged symmetrically, and the guide bodies 12 with dovetail groove structures are also arranged symmetrically inside the hollow column 7.

[0050] Cutting station Example 2: Single-row station example structure

[0051] As Figure 9 , Figure 10 shown, one row of lifting mechanisms only arranges one set of cutting mechanisms 3 on the same side, and the working station is on one side.

[0052] Working principle and process: Turn on the lifting switch of cylinder 11 to lift the lifting arm 302 and the cutting mechanism 3 to the upper position. Open the movable door 5, and use the feeding chute 1 to send a bundle of Pennisetum giganteum to the cutting knife 6 for positioning. Lower the movable door 5, turn on the cutting machine motor 8 to rotate the cutting blade 301, and release the lifting of cylinder 11, so that the lifting arm 302 and the cutting mechanism 3 slowly descend under their own weight. When the cutting blade 301 touches the Pennisetum giganteum, the supporting and pressing mechanism 9 simultaneously supports and presses the Pennisetum giganteum on both sides of the cutting blade 301 to keep the Pennisetum giganteum in a relatively static state. When the cutting blade 301 continues to cut downwards, since the uncut Pennisetum giganteum below will resist the further downward movement of the supporting and pressing mechanism 9, at this time, the supporting and pressing mechanism 9 will compress the spring 903 and keep its position unchanged until all the Pennisetum giganteum is cut off. When all the Pennisetum giganteum is cut off, a little cut Pennisetum giganteum may be placed between the two cutting knives 6, and at this time, the supporting and pressing mechanism 9 is pressed downwards under the action of the spring 903, so as to empty all the placed Pennisetum giganteum and keep the cutting area clean.

[0053] The above embodiments are illustrative of the present invention and not restrictive thereof. Any simple transformation of the structure of the present invention by those of ordinary skill in the art without departing from the principle of the technical solution and without creative work falls within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A first-stage segment cutting device for the stem head of Pennisetum giganteum before crushing, comprising a frame, characterized in that A row of lifting mechanisms is provided on the frame. The lifting mechanism includes a cylinder (11) provided at the bottom of the frame. The top of the cylinder is connected with a cutting mechanism (3). The cutting mechanism includes a lifting arm (302). A cutting blade (301) driven by a motor (8) is provided at the front end of the lifting arm. A cutting support knife (6) is provided directly below the cutting blade and cooperates with the cutting blade. A discharge chute (2) is provided below the cutting support knife, and a feeding chute (1) is provided to be adapted to the cutting support knife.

2. The first-stage segment cutting device for the stem head of Pennisetum giganteum before crushing according to claim 1, characterized in that, The lifting mechanism includes a hollow column (7). A lifting block (13) connected to the piston rod of the cylinder (11) is provided inside the hollow column. The lifting arm (302) is connected to the lifting block. The lifting block has upper and lower guiding bodies (12) in the hollow column.

3. The first-stage segment cutting device for the stem head of Pennisetum giganteum before crushing according to claim 2, wherein, A dust-proof cover (10) is provided on the hollow column (7) at the position where the lifting arm (302) extends.

4. The first-stage section cutting device for the stem head of Pennisetum giganteum before crushing according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cutting support knife (6) has an arc-shaped receiving surface. The cutting support knife is composed of two parallel fixed knife bars (601). The cutting groove (602) formed between the two fixed knife bars is larger than the thickness of the cutting blade (301), and the front end of the cutting groove is an open discharge port.

5. A first-stage segment cutting device for the stem head of Pennisetum giganteum before crushing, according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, A pressing and supporting mechanism (9) is provided on the other side of the lifting arm (302) relative to the motor (8). The lowest point of the pressing and supporting mechanism is flush with the lowest point of the cutting blade (301).

6. The first-stage section cutting device for the stem head of Pennisetum giganteum before crushing according to claim 5, wherein, The pressing and supporting mechanism (9) includes a spring tube seat (901) fixed on the lifting arm (302). A spring (903) is provided inside the spring tube seat. A pressing and supporting rod (905) extends downward from inside the spring tube seat and out of the spring tube seat.

7. The first-stage segment cutting device for the stem head of Pennisetum giganteum before crushing according to claim 6, characterized in that, A cover is provided at the top end of the spring tube seat (901). A screw hole is provided at the center of the cover. An adjusting rod (902) is configured through the screw hole. The bottom end of the adjusting rod is in close contact with the top end of the spring (903).

8. A first-stage segment cutting device for the stem head of Pennisetum giganteum before crushing, according to claim 7, characterized in that, The adjusting rod (902) has a hollow pipe section. A guiding rod (904) is provided on the upper section of the pressing and supporting rod (905). The guiding rod passes through the center of the spring (903) and cooperates with the hollow pipe section of the adjusting rod; the length of the hollow pipe section corresponds to the maximum compression amount of the spring.

9. The first-stage segment cutting device for the stem head of Pennisetum giganteum before crushing, as described in claim 1, is characterized in that, Each lifting mechanism in the row of lifting mechanisms has two sets of cutting mechanisms (3) arranged symmetrically. The two sets of cutting mechanisms have the same structure, including a lifting arm (302) and a supporting cutting blade (301); and a cutting support knife (6), a correspondingly adapted discharge chute (2) and a feeding chute (1) are respectively provided to cooperate with the two sets of cutting mechanisms (3).

10. A first-stage segment cutting device for the stem head of Pennisetum giganteum before crushing according to claim 1 or 2 or 3 or 4 or 9, characterized in that A protective cover (4) is provided at the working range of the lifting mechanism and the cutting mechanism (3). A movable door (5) is provided on the protective cover. The movable door is adapted to the feeding chute (1).

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