Easy-to-clean enamel reaction kettle for preparation based on aminoacetonitrile hydrochloride

By introducing automated flushing and sealing units into the enamel reactor, the problem of traditional low cleaning efficiency is solved, efficient cleaning of the inner wall of the kettle body is achieved, manual labor intensity is reduced and rotating nozzles are protected.

CN223144705UActive Publication Date: 2025-07-25CHENGWU JINSHUO PHARM CHEM CO LTD
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Patent Information

Application Number
CN202422308349.3
Authority / Receiving Office
CN · China
Patent Type
Utility models(China)
Current Assignee / Owner
Filing Date
2024-09-23
Publication Date
2025-07-25
Estimated Expiration
2034-09-23

AI Technical Summary

Technical Problem

The cleaning efficiency of traditional enamel reactors is low, which affects the secondary preparation quality of amino acetonitrile hydrochloride, and manual cleaning increases the labor intensity of staff.

Method used

A cleaning assembly including a flushing unit and a sealing unit is designed. The rotating nozzle and the sealing structure are driven by an electric push rod to achieve efficient automatic cleaning of the inner wall of the kettle body to avoid contact with the material.

Benefits of technology

It improves the cleaning efficiency of the enamel reactor, reduces the working strength of the staff, and effectively prevents materials from contaminating the rotating nozzle, ensuring the cleanliness of the inner wall of the kettle body.

✦ Generated by Eureka AI based on patent content.

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Abstract

The utility model discloses an easy-to-clean enamel reaction kettle for preparation based on aminoacetonitrile hydrochloride, which relates to the technical field of enamel reaction kettles and comprises an enamel reaction kettle with a kettle body and a cleaning component, and the cleaning component is used for efficiently flushing the inner wall of the kettle body; the cleaning assembly comprises a flushing unit and a plugging unit; the flushing unit which runs downwards is used for flushing the inner wall of the kettle body, and the flushing unit which moves upwards is not in contact with raw materials in the kettle body; and the plugging unit is used for plugging the lower part of the flushing unit after the flushing unit moves upwards. By arranging the cleaning assembly, efficient cleaning operation of the inner wall of the kettle body can be achieved, compared with traditional manual cleaning, the cleaning efficiency is higher, the working intensity of workers can be effectively relieved, meanwhile, when the rotary spray head is contained in the fixed cylinder, the bottom of the fixed cylinder is blocked through a blocking cover and a blocking plug, and the cleaning effect is better. Materials can be effectively prevented from being in contact with the rotary nozzle.
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Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of enamel reaction kettles, in particular to an enamel reaction kettle for preparing aminoacetonitrile hydrochloride and easy to clean. Background Technique

[0002] Aminoacetonitrile hydrochloride is a flaky crystal, hygroscopic, gradually turning red in the air, slightly soluble in ethanol and ether, and is commonly used as a pharmaceutical intermediate and an organic synthesis raw material;

[0003] The common synthesis method of aminoacetonitrile hydrochloride is as follows: using ammonium chloride, formaldehyde, acetic acid and sodium cyanide as reaction raw materials, through a condensation reaction to generate aminoacetonitrile, and reacting aminoacetonitrile with a methanol solution of hydrogen chloride to generate aminoacetonitrile hydrochloride.

[0004] In the synthesis process of aminoacetonitrile hydrochloride, an enamel reaction kettle is required. The enamel reaction kettle is a composite material product in which glass containing high silica is lined on the inner surface of a steel container and firmly adhered to the metal surface through high-temperature calcination. It is an excellent corrosion-resistant device and can meet the preparation requirements of aminoacetonitrile hydrochloride.

[0005] During the preparation of two batches of aminoacetonitrile hydrochloride, in order to avoid the influence of the materials remaining in the enamel reaction kettle during the previous preparation process on the quality of the secondary preparation, it is necessary to clean the inside of the enamel reaction kettle. The traditional cleaning operation is for the staff to manually insert a spray gun into the kettle body for cleaning, and its cleaning efficiency is relatively low. In order to further improve the cleaning efficiency of the enamel reaction kettle, an enamel reaction kettle for preparing aminoacetonitrile hydrochloride and easy to clean is provided. Content of the Utility Model

[0006] The purpose of the utility model is to provide an enamel reaction kettle for preparing aminoacetonitrile hydrochloride and easy to clean in order to achieve the purpose of further improving the cleaning efficiency of the enamel reaction kettle.

[0007] To achieve the above purpose, the utility model provides the following technical solution: an enamel reaction kettle for preparing aminoacetonitrile hydrochloride and easy to clean, including an enamel reaction kettle with a kettle body, and a cleaning component extending into the kettle body is arranged on the outer side of the kettle body, and the cleaning component is used to realize the high-efficiency flushing operation of the inner wall of the kettle body;

[0008] The cleaning component includes a flushing unit and a blocking unit;

[0009] The downward-running flushing unit is used to flush the inner wall of the kettle body, and the flushing unit after moving upward does not contact the raw materials inside the kettle body;

[0010] The blocking unit is used to block the lower part of the flushing unit after the flushing unit moves upward;

[0011] The flushing unit includes a fixed cylinder, a flushing pipe, a rotary nozzle, an arc-shaped lifting pipe, an electric push rod, and a fixed seat;

[0012] The fixed cylinder is fixed to the top of the kettle body and penetrates into the inner cavity of the kettle body. The flushing pipe penetrates through the inside of the fixed cylinder from the top of the fixed cylinder. The rotary nozzle is installed at the bottom of the flushing pipe. The arc-shaped lifting pipe is fixed to the top of the flushing pipe. The electric push rod is installed on the outer side of the kettle body through the fixed seat, and the output end of the electric push rod is fixedly connected to the arc-shaped lifting pipe through a connecting arm;

[0013] The electric push rod drives the arc-shaped lifting pipe, the flushing pipe, and the rotary nozzle to move downward, so that the rotary nozzle moves downward to the inner side of the kettle body for flushing the inner wall of the kettle body.

[0014] As a further solution of the present invention: The plugging unit includes a lifting ring groove, a vertical guide groove, an L-shaped support seat, a linkage ring block, a linkage rod, a spherical block, a plugging cover, a plugging block, and a linear spherical groove;

[0015] The lifting ring groove and the vertical guide groove are formed on the inner side of the fixed cylinder, and the vertical guide groove communicates with the bottom of the lifting ring groove, and the bottom of the vertical guide groove penetrates to the bottom of the fixed cylinder;

[0016] The L-shaped support seat is fixed to the bottom of the outer side of the fixed cylinder. The plugging cover is rotatably connected to the L-shaped support seat through a connecting arm on one side and fits against the bottom of the fixed cylinder. The plugging block is fixed to the top of the plugging cover and is clamped inside the fixed cylinder;

[0017] The linear spherical groove is opened on one side of the outer wall of the plugging block and extends to the upper surface of the plugging cover;

[0018] The linkage ring block is vertically slidably connected to the inner side of the lifting ring groove and sleeved on the outer side of the flushing pipe. The linkage rod is fixedly connected to the bottom of one side of the linkage ring block and is slidably connected to the inner side of the vertical guide groove. The bottom end of the linkage rod penetrates below the fixed cylinder and is fixedly connected to the spherical block. The spherical block is limited and movably connected to the inner side of the linear spherical groove;

[0019] When the rotary nozzle is received inside the fixed cylinder, the bottom port of the fixed cylinder is plugged by the plugging cover and the plugging block;

[0020] When the rotary nozzle moves downward to squeeze the plugging cover and the plugging block to rotate and open, when the rotary nozzle moves upward, it drives the plugging cover and the plugging block to rotate and close by squeezing the linkage ring block to move upward.

[0021] As a further solution of the present invention: The top of the plugging block has a trumpet-shaped contraction structure. The opening size of the linear spherical groove is smaller than the outer wall diameter of the spherical block. When the plugging cover and the plugging block are in a horizontal state, the horizontal length of the linear spherical groove is greater than the outer wall diameter of the spherical block.

[0022] As a further solution of the present utility model: multiple groups of the fixing cylinders, the plugging units, and the spray pipes are provided and are evenly distributed in a circumferential manner. A plurality of the spray pipes are fixed to the bottom end of an arc-shaped lifting pipe and are communicated with the inner cavity of the arc-shaped lifting pipe. The arc-shaped lifting pipe is communicated with an external water tank through a pipeline and a water pump.

[0023] As a further solution of the present utility model: the enamel reaction kettle further includes a manhole with a sight glass, an enamel pipe orifice, a discharge port, and a thermometer sleeve;

[0024] The manhole with a sight glass and the enamel pipe orifice are fixedly distributed on the top of the kettle body. The discharge port is fixed to the bottom of the kettle body, and the manhole with a sight glass, the enamel pipe orifice, and the discharge port are all communicated with the inner cavity of the kettle body. The thermometer sleeve is installed on the inner side of the kettle body.

[0025] As a further solution of the present utility model: a plurality of the fixing cylinders are arranged in a circumferentially offset manner with the manhole with a sight glass and the enamel pipe orifice. One group of the fixing cylinders and the spray pipes are distributed between the thermometer sleeve and the inner wall of the kettle body.

[0026] As a further solution of the present utility model: a stirring assembly extending into the interior of the kettle body is further provided at the top of the kettle body. The stirring assembly includes a reduction motor, a stirring shaft, and stirring blades;

[0027] The reduction motor is installed in the middle of the top of the kettle body. The stirring shaft is connected to the output end of the reduction motor and penetrates into the interior of the kettle body. The stirring blades are fixed to the outer side of the bottom of the stirring shaft;

[0028] The distance between the stirring blades and the inner wall of the kettle body is greater than the outer diameter of the rotary nozzle.

[0029] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present utility model are:

[0030] By providing a cleaning assembly, efficient cleaning operation of the inner wall of the kettle body can be achieved. Compared with traditional manual cleaning, the cleaning efficiency is faster, which can effectively reduce the work intensity of the staff. At the same time, when the rotary nozzle is received inside the fixing cylinder, through the plugging of the bottom of the fixing cylinder by the plugging cover and the plugging block, the material can be effectively prevented from contacting the rotary nozzle. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0031] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present utility model;

[0032] Figure 2 is a structural cross-sectional view of the enamel reaction kettle of the present utility model;

[0033] Figure 3 is a partial part cross-sectional view of the cleaning assembly of the present utility model;

[0034] Figure 4 Partial sectional split view of some parts of the cleaning component of the present utility model;

[0035] Figure 5 Another perspective view of the partial sectional split of some parts of the cleaning component of the present utility model.

[0036] In the figure: 1, enamel reactor; 101, reactor body; 102, manhole with sight glass; 103, enamel pipe orifice; 104, discharge port; 105, thermometer sleeve; 2, stirring component; 201, reduction motor; 202, stirring shaft; 203, stirring blade; 3, cleaning component; 301, fixed cylinder; 302, lifting ring groove; 303, vertical guide groove; 304, L-shaped support seat; 305, linkage ring block; 306, linkage rod; 307, ball block; 308, plugging cover; 309, plugging block; 310, linear ball groove; 311, spray pipe; 312, rotary nozzle; 313, arc-shaped lifting pipe; 314, electric push rod; 315, fixed seat. Specific embodiments

[0037] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present utility model, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0038] Please refer to Figures 1 to 5 , in the embodiments of the present utility model, an enamel reactor that is easy to clean for the preparation of aminoacetonitrile hydrochloride includes an enamel reactor 1 having a reactor body 101. A cleaning component 3 extending into the interior of the reactor body 101 is provided on the outer side of the reactor body 101. The cleaning component 3 is used to perform an efficient flushing operation on the inner wall of the reactor body 101;

[0039] The cleaning component 3 includes a flushing unit and a plugging unit;

[0040] The downward-running flushing unit is used to flush the inner wall of the reactor body 101, and the flushing unit after moving upward does not contact the raw materials inside the reactor body 101;

[0041] The plugging unit is used to plug the lower part of the flushing unit after the flushing unit moves upward;

[0042] The flushing unit includes a fixed cylinder 301, a spray pipe 311, a rotary nozzle 312, an arc-shaped lifting pipe 313, an electric push rod 314, and a fixed seat 315;

[0043] The fixed cylinder 301 is fixed to the top of the kettle body 101 and penetrates into the inner cavity of the kettle body 101. The spray cleaning pipe 311 penetrates through the inside of the fixed cylinder 301 from the top of the fixed cylinder 301. The rotary spray head 312 is installed at the bottom of the spray cleaning pipe 311. The arc-shaped lifting pipe 313 is fixed to the top of the spray cleaning pipe 311. The electric push rod 314 is installed on the outer side of the kettle body 101 through the fixed seat 315, and the output end of the electric push rod 314 is fixedly connected to the arc-shaped lifting pipe 313 through the connecting arm;

[0044] The electric push rod 314 drives the arc-shaped lifting pipe 313, the spray cleaning pipe 311, and the rotary spray head 312 to move downward, so that the rotary spray head 312 moves downward to the inner side of the kettle body 101 for flushing the inner wall of the kettle body 101;

[0045] The blocking unit includes a lifting ring groove 302, a vertical guide groove 303, an L-shaped support seat 304, a linkage ring block 305, a linkage rod 306, a ball block 307, a blocking cover 308, a blocking plug 309, and a linear ball groove 310;

[0046] The lifting ring groove 302 and the vertical guide groove 303 are formed on the inner side of the fixed cylinder 301, and the vertical guide groove 303 communicates with the bottom of the lifting ring groove 302. The bottom of the vertical guide groove 303 penetrates to the bottom of the fixed cylinder 301;

[0047] The L-shaped support seat 304 is fixed to the bottom of the outer side of the fixed cylinder 301. The blocking cover 308 is rotatably connected to the L-shaped support seat 304 through a connecting arm on one side and fits against the bottom of the fixed cylinder 301. The blocking plug 309 is fixed to the top of the blocking cover 308 and is clamped inside the fixed cylinder 301;

[0048] The linear ball groove 310 is opened on one side of the outer wall of the blocking plug 309 and extends to the upper surface of the blocking cover 308;

[0049] The linkage ring block 305 is vertically slidably connected to the inside of the lifting ring groove 302 and sleeved on the outer side of the spray cleaning pipe 311. The linkage rod 306 is fixedly connected to the bottom of one side of the linkage ring block 305 and slidably connected to the inside of the vertical guide groove 303. The bottom end of the linkage rod 306 penetrates below the fixed cylinder 301 and is fixedly connected to the ball block 307. The ball block 307 is limited and movably connected to the inside of the linear ball groove 310;

[0050] When the rotary spray head 312 is received inside the fixed cylinder 301, the bottom port of the fixed cylinder 301 is blocked by the blocking cover 308 and the blocking plug 309;

[0051] When the rotary spray head 312 moves downward, it squeezes the blocking cover 308 and the blocking plug 309 to rotate and open. When the rotary spray head 312 moves upward, it drives the blocking cover 308 and the blocking plug 309 to rotate and close by squeezing the linkage ring block 305 to move upward;

[0052] The fixed cylinder 301, the plugging unit and the spraying and washing pipe 311 are arranged in multiple groups and are evenly distributed around the circumference. The multiple spraying and washing pipes 311 are fixed to the bottom end of an arc-shaped lifting pipe 313 and are connected to the inner cavity of the arc-shaped lifting pipe 313. The arc-shaped lifting pipe 313 is connected to an external water tank through a pipeline and a water pump.

[0053] In this embodiment: when the enamel reactor 1 is in daily use, the rotating nozzle 312 is stored inside the fixed cylinder 301, the rotating nozzle 312 is attached to the lower surface of the linkage ring block 305, the blocking cover 308 is attached to the bottom of the fixed cylinder 301, and the blocking plug 309 is clamped to the inner side of the bottom of the fixed cylinder 301, so that the rotating nozzle 312 can be shielded and protected to prevent the rotating nozzle 312 from contacting the raw materials inside the reactor body 101;

[0054] After completing a single preparation operation, when it is necessary to clean the interior of the kettle body 101, the operation steps are as follows:

[0055] The electric push rod 314 is started to drive the arc-shaped lifting tube 313 to move downward, and the arc-shaped lifting tube 313 pushes the spray pipe 311 and the rotating nozzle 312 to move downward. The rotating nozzle 312 moves downward to release the squeezing of the linkage ring block 305. At the same time, the linkage ring block 305 that moves downward will contact the sealing plug 309 and squeeze it downward. This squeezing force can make the sealing plug 309 and the sealing cover 308 turn downward based on the L-shaped support seat 304, so that the bottom of the fixed cylinder 301 is conductive, so that the rotating nozzle 312 moves downward smoothly, and finally the rotating nozzle 312 enters the interior of the kettle body 101. At the same time, when the sealing plug 309 turns downward, the linkage ring block 305 can be pulled downward by the ball block 307 and the linkage rod 306;

[0056] During the downward movement of the rotating nozzle 312, the external water pump can be started, and the water pump can transport the cleaning water to the rotating nozzle 312 through the inner cavity of the arc-shaped lifting pipe 313 and the inner cavity of the spraying pipe 311, and the cleaning water is sprayed out through the rotating nozzle 312 to realize the flushing operation of the inner wall of the kettle body 101 (it should be supplemented that the rotating nozzle 312 is a 360-degree rotating nozzle, which can rotate 360 degrees under the impact of the water flow to perform the flushing operation, thereby realizing the full cleaning of the inner wall of the kettle body 101);

[0057] After the cleaning is completed, it is only necessary to start the electric push rod 314 to drive the arc-shaped lifting tube 313, the spraying tube 311, and the rotating nozzle 312 to move upward. After the rotating nozzle 312 moves upward into the fixed cylinder 301, it contacts the linkage ring block 305 and pushes it upward. The upward linkage ring block 305 can pull the sealing plug 309 to flip upward through the linkage rod 306 and the ball block 307, and align it to be stuck in the fixed cylinder 301, which is convenient for the subsequent secondary preparation operation.

[0058] Please refer to Figures 1 to 5, the top of the plug 309 has a trumpet-shaped contraction structure. The opening size of the linear ball groove 310 is smaller than the outer wall diameter of the ball block 307. When the plugging cover 308 and the plug 309 are in a horizontal state, the horizontal length of the linear ball groove 310 is greater than the outer wall diameter of the ball block 307.

[0059] In this embodiment: The trumpet-shaped contraction structure of the plug 309 facilitates the flipping and clamping of the plug 309 into the inner side of the fixed cylinder 301. Due to the structure where the horizontal length of the linear ball groove 310 is greater than the outer wall diameter of the ball block 307, it can adapt to the position change between the plug 309 and the ball block 307 when the plug 309 flips.

[0060] Please refer specifically to Figures 1 to 3 , the enamel reactor 1 further includes a manhole with a sight glass 102, an enamel pipe orifice 103, a discharge port 104, and a thermometer sleeve 105;

[0061] The manhole with a sight glass 102 and the enamel pipe orifice 103 are fixedly distributed on the top of the kettle body 101. The discharge port 104 is fixed to the bottom of the kettle body 101. Moreover, the manhole with a sight glass 102, the enamel pipe orifice 103, and the discharge port 104 are all communicated with the inner cavity of the kettle body 101. The thermometer sleeve 105 is installed inside the kettle body 101;

[0062] A plurality of fixed cylinders 301 and the manhole with a sight glass 102, the enamel pipe orifice 103 are distributed in a staggered manner along the circumferential direction. One group of fixed cylinders 301 and the spray pipe 311 are distributed between the thermometer sleeve 105 and the inner wall of the kettle body 101;

[0063] A stirring assembly 2 extending into the interior of the kettle body 101 is further provided at the top of the kettle body 101. The stirring assembly 2 includes a reduction motor 201, a stirring shaft 202, and stirring blades 203;

[0064] The reduction motor 201 is installed in the middle of the top of the kettle body 101. The stirring shaft 202 is connected to the output end of the reduction motor 201 and penetrates into the interior of the kettle body 101. The stirring blades 203 are fixed to the outer side of the bottom of the stirring shaft 202;

[0065] The distance between the stirring blades 203 and the inner wall of the kettle body 101 is greater than the outer diameter of the rotary nozzle 312.

[0066] In this embodiment: With this structure, the operation of the cleaning assembly 3 will not interfere with the self-function of the enamel reactor 1. When the spray pipe 311 distributed between the thermometer sleeve 105 and the inner wall of the kettle body 101 moves downward, the corresponding rotary nozzle 312 can spray the outer wall of the thermometer sleeve 105 close to the inner wall of the kettle body 101. Cooperating with other rotary nozzles 312 can achieve the all-round spraying of the outer wall of the thermometer sleeve 105, and at the same time, the inner wall of the kettle body 101 can also be fully cleaned;

[0067] By setting the distance between the stirring blade 203 and the inner wall of the kettle body 101 to be greater than the outer diameter of the rotary nozzle 312, the rotary nozzle 312 can enter between the stirring blade 203 and the inner wall of the kettle body 101, achieving thorough cleaning of the stirring blade 203.

[0068] The above are only the preferred specific embodiments of the present utility model, but the protection scope of the present utility model is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed by the present utility model, according to the technical solution and inventive concept of the present utility model, making equivalent substitutions or changes, shall be covered by the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. An enamel reactor that is easy to clean for the preparation of aminoacetonitrile hydrochloride, comprising an enamel reactor (1) with a kettle body (101), characterized in that, A cleaning component (3) extending into the interior of the kettle body (101) is provided on the outer side of the kettle body (101), and the cleaning component (3) is used to perform an efficient flushing operation on the inner wall of the kettle body (101); The cleaning component (3) includes a flushing unit and a plugging unit; The downward-running flushing unit is used to flush the inner wall of the kettle body (101), and the flushing unit after moving upward does not contact the raw materials inside the kettle body (101); The plugging unit is used to plug the lower part of the flushing unit after the flushing unit moves upward; The flushing unit includes a fixed cylinder (301), a spray pipe (311), a rotary nozzle (312), an arc-shaped lifting pipe (313), an electric push rod (314), and a fixed seat (315); The fixed cylinder (301) is fixed to the top of the kettle body (101) and penetrates into the inner cavity of the kettle body (101). The spray pipe (311) penetrates through the inside of the fixed cylinder (301) from the top of the fixed cylinder (301). The rotary nozzle (312) is installed at the bottom of the spray pipe (311). The arc-shaped lifting pipe (313) is fixed to the top of the spray pipe (311). The electric push rod (314) is installed on the outer side of the kettle body (101) through the fixed seat (315), and the output end of the electric push rod (314) is fixedly connected to the arc-shaped lifting pipe (313) through a connecting arm; The electric push rod (314) drives the arc-shaped lifting pipe (313), the spray pipe (311), and the rotary nozzle (312) to move downward, so that the rotary nozzle (312) moves downward to the inside of the kettle body (101) for flushing the inner wall of the kettle body (101).

2. The enamel reactor for preparing aminoacetonitrile hydrochloride which is easy to clean according to claim 1, characterized in that, The plugging unit includes a lifting ring groove (302), a vertical guide groove (303), an L-shaped support seat (304), a linkage ring block (305), a linkage rod (306), a spherical block (307), a plugging cover (308), a plugging block (309), and a linear ball groove (310); The lifting ring groove (302) and the vertical guide groove (303) are formed on the inner side of the fixed cylinder (301), and the vertical guide groove (303) communicates with the bottom of the lifting ring groove (302), and the bottom of the vertical guide groove (303) penetrates to the bottom of the fixed cylinder (301); The L-shaped support seat (304) is fixed to the outer bottom of the fixed cylinder (301). The plugging cover (308) is rotatably connected to the L-shaped support seat (304) through a connecting arm on one side and fits on the bottom of the fixed cylinder (301). The plugging block (309) is fixed to the top of the plugging cover (308) and is clamped inside the fixed cylinder (301); The linear ball groove (310) is opened on one outer wall side of the plugging block (309) and extends to the upper surface of the plugging cover (308); The linkage ring block (305) is vertically slidably connected to the inner side of the lifting ring groove (302) and sleeved on the outer side of the spray pipe (311). The linkage rod (306) is fixedly connected to the bottom of one side of the linkage ring block (305) and slidably connected to the inner side of the vertical guide groove (303). The bottom end of the linkage rod (306) penetrates below the fixed cylinder (301) and is fixedly connected to the spherical block (307). The spherical block (307) is limited and movably connected to the inner side of the linear spherical groove (310). When the rotary spray head (312) is received inside the fixed cylinder (301), the bottom port of the fixed cylinder (301) is blocked by the blocking cover (308) and the plug (309). When the rotary spray head (312) moves downward to squeeze the blocking cover (308) and the plug (309), they rotate and open. When the rotary spray head (312) moves upward, it drives the blocking cover (308) and the plug (309) to rotate and close by squeezing the linkage ring block (305) upward.

3. The enamel reactor for preparing aminoacetonitrile hydrochloride, which is easy to clean according to claim 2, is characterized in that The top of the plug (309) has a trumpet-shaped contraction structure. The opening size of the linear spherical groove (310) is smaller than the outer wall diameter of the spherical block (307). When the blocking cover (308) and the plug (309) are in a horizontal state, the horizontal length of the linear spherical groove (310) is greater than the outer wall diameter of the spherical block (307).

4. A readily cleanable enamel reactor for the preparation of aminoacetonitrile hydrochloride according to claim 2, characterized in that, Multiple groups of the fixed cylinder (301), the blocking unit, and the spray pipe (311) are provided and are evenly distributed in a circumferential direction. The plurality of spray pipes (311) are fixed to the bottom end of an arc-shaped lifting pipe (313) and are communicated with the inner cavity of the arc-shaped lifting pipe (313). The arc-shaped lifting pipe (313) is communicated with an external water tank through a pipeline and a water pump.

5. A readily cleanable enamel reactor for the preparation of aminoacetonitrile hydrochloride according to claim 4, characterized in that, The enamel reactor (1) further includes a sight glass manhole (102), an enamel pipe orifice (103), a discharge port (104), and a thermometer sleeve (105). The sight glass manhole (102) and the enamel pipe orifice (103) are fixedly distributed on the top of the kettle body (101). The discharge port (104) is fixed to the bottom of the kettle body (101). The sight glass manhole (102), the enamel pipe orifice (103), and the discharge port (104) are all communicated with the inner cavity of the kettle body (101). The thermometer sleeve (105) is installed inside the kettle body (101).

6. A readily cleanable enamelled reactor for the preparation of aminoacetonitrile hydrochloride according to claim 2, wherein The multiple fixed cylinders (301) are distributed in a staggered manner with the sight glass manhole (102) and the enamel pipe orifice (103) in the circumferential direction. One group of the fixed cylinders (301) and the spray pipes (311) are distributed between the thermometer sleeve (105) and the inner wall of the kettle body (101).

7. A readily cleanable enamel reactor for the preparation of aminoacetonitrile hydrochloride according to claim 1, characterized in that, A stirring assembly (2) extending into the kettle body (101) is further provided at the top of the kettle body (101). The stirring assembly (2) includes a reduction motor (201), a stirring shaft (202), and stirring blades (203). The reduction motor (201) is installed in the middle of the top of the kettle body (101). The stirring shaft (202) is connected to the output end of the reduction motor (201) and penetrates into the kettle body (101). The stirring blades (203) are fixed to the outer side of the bottom of the stirring shaft (202). The distance between the stirring blade (203) and the inner wall of the kettle body (101) is greater than the outer diameter of the rotary nozzle (312).