Boiler combustion device with segmented temperature control and distributed combustion functions
By controlling and distributing combustion in sections in the boiler combustion device, and controlling the combustion temperature using the primary combustion chamber and heat absorber, the problem of nitrogen oxide generation at high temperature of the boiler is solved, and an efficient and environmentally friendly combustion effect is achieved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202422403434.8
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-09-29
- Publication Date
- 2025-07-25
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-09-29
AI Technical Summary
Existing boiler combustion equipment is prone to generating large amounts of nitrogen oxides at high temperatures, and existing methods to reduce nitrogen oxides will lead to a reduction in overall thermal efficiency of the boiler and an increase in flue gas emissions, affecting the economy and the environment.
A boiler combustion device with sectional temperature control and distributed combustion is adopted. By forming a primary combustion chamber and a combustion chamber between adjacent water-cooled pipes, and setting a heat absorption surface in each section, the combustion temperature is controlled at 1300°C lower than the large-scale generation temperature of nitrogen oxides, and the water-cooled pipe and heat absorption sheet are used to absorb heat to ensure uniform distribution of the flame.
Effectively inhibit the formation of nitrogen oxides, improve the thermal efficiency of boilers, reduce flue gas emissions, save fuel and reduce environmental harm.
Smart Images
Figure CN223153549U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field:
[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of combustion equipment, and particularly refers to a boiler combustion device with segmented temperature control and distributed combustion. Background Art:
[0002] Boilers are energy equipment widely used in all walks of life. With people's increasing attention to the environment, various low-nitrogen combustion equipment has emerged. The temperature of the combustion environment has a great influence on the generation of nitrogen oxides. The higher the temperature and the more uneven the temperature, the greater the amount of nitrogen oxides generated. According to experiments, when the combustion temperature is between 0°C and 900°C, almost no nitrogen oxides are produced; when the combustion temperature is between 900°C and 1370°C, nitrogen oxides begin to be generated, and at this time, the production rate of nitrogen oxides changes little with the temperature; when the combustion temperature is above 1370°C, the production rate of nitrogen oxides increases sharply with the increase of temperature; when the combustion temperature is above 1600°C, thermal nitrogen oxides account for 25%-30% of the total amount of nitrogen oxides generated. Some combustion equipment uses flue gas recirculation technology or a large amount of excess air to participate in combustion to reduce the combustion temperature in order to reduce nitrogen oxide emissions. Although these methods can play a certain inhibitory role in the generation of nitrogen oxides, the overall thermal efficiency of the boiler equipment will be reduced, which will bring unnecessary economic losses to users, and at the same time increase flue gas emissions and cause harm to the environment. Summary of the Invention:
[0003] The purpose of the utility model is to provide a boiler combustion device with segmented temperature control and distributed combustion, which does not require a large amount of excess cold air or flue gas to participate in reducing the flame temperature, has a high overall thermal efficiency of the boiler equipment, less flue gas emissions, and little harm to the environment.
[0004] The utility model is realized as follows:
[0005] A boiler combustion device with segmented temperature control and distributed combustion includes a front water wall and a combustion chamber arranged behind the front water wall. The front water wall includes a plurality of water cooling pipes I arranged at intervals, and an air inlet channel communicating with the combustion chamber is formed between two adjacent water cooling pipes I. A flame retardant and air equalizing device is arranged at the front end of the air inlet channel, and an air passage is arranged in the flame retardant and air equalizing device. An initial combustion chamber is formed at the rear end of the air inlet channel, and heat absorption fins are arranged behind the water cooling pipes I.
[0006] In the above-mentioned boiler combustion device with segmented temperature control and distributed combustion, a plurality of heat absorption fins are arranged and are spaced along the length direction of the water cooling pipes I.
[0007] In the above-mentioned boiler combustion device with segmented temperature control and distributed combustion, the heat absorption fins are fixed on the water cooling pipes I by welding.
[0008] In the above-mentioned boiler combustion device with segmented temperature control and distributed combustion, the rear end of the outer side wall of the first water-cooled pipe is a cylindrical surface, the cross-section of the heat absorption fin is circular arc-shaped, and the corresponding central angle is an obtuse angle.
[0009] In the above-mentioned boiler combustion device with segmented temperature control and distributed combustion, the surface where the first water-cooled pipe is connected to the flame-retardant air-distributing device is a plane.
[0010] In the above-mentioned boiler combustion device with segmented temperature control and distributed combustion, it further includes a left water-cooled wall and a right water-cooled wall. The front water-cooled wall, the left water-cooled wall and the right water-cooled wall form the combustion chamber. Both the left water-cooled wall and the right water-cooled wall include a plurality of second water-cooled pipes arranged at intervals longitudinally. The axial direction of the second water-cooled pipe is arranged vertically, and the first water-cooled pipes are arranged at intervals transversely, and the axial direction of the first water-cooled pipe is arranged vertically.
[0011] In the above-mentioned boiler combustion device with segmented temperature control and distributed combustion, adjacent two second water-cooled pipes, between the front water-cooled wall and the left water-cooled wall, and between the front water-cooled wall and the right water-cooled wall are respectively connected by baffles.
[0012] In the above-mentioned boiler combustion device with segmented temperature control and distributed combustion, the baffle is made of fireproof steel plate and is fixedly connected to the corresponding water-cooled pipe by welding.
[0013] In the above-mentioned boiler combustion device with segmented temperature control and distributed combustion, a gas guide cover is provided on the front side of the front water-cooled wall. The front end of the gas guide cover is connected to the mixed gas outlet of the gas mixer, and the rear end is connected to the front water-cooled wall. The gas inlet of the gas mixer is connected to the gas pipeline through a gas valve group, and the air inlet of the gas mixer is connected to the air outlet of the fan.
[0014] In the above-mentioned boiler combustion device with segmented temperature control and distributed combustion, the gas guide cover gradually shrinks into a narrow mouth from the rear to the front.
[0015] In the above-mentioned boiler combustion device with segmented temperature control and distributed combustion, the gas guide cover is made of fireproof steel plate.
[0016] In the above-mentioned boiler combustion device with segmented temperature control and distributed combustion, the flame-retardant air-distributing device includes a plurality of corrugated plates stacked and having a corrugated structure. The ventilation channels are formed between adjacent two corrugated plates and between the corrugated plate and the first water-cooled pipe through the corrugated structure.
[0017] In the above-mentioned boiler combustion device with segmented temperature control and distributed combustion, an ignition detector is arranged in the combustion chamber.
[0018] In the above-mentioned boiler combustion device with segmented temperature control and distributed combustion, it further includes an upper header and a lower header. The front water wall, left water wall, and right water wall are arranged between the upper header and the lower header. The upper ends of the first water-cooled pipes and the upper ends of the second water-cooled pipes are respectively communicated with the upper header, and the lower ends of the first water-cooled pipes and the lower ends of the second water-cooled pipes are respectively communicated with the lower header.
[0019] In the above-mentioned boiler combustion device with segmented temperature control and distributed combustion, a plurality of convection tube bundles are provided at the rear side of the combustion chamber. A smoke outlet channel is formed between two adjacent convection tube bundles. The upper ends of the convection tube bundles are communicated with the upper header, and the lower ends are communicated with the lower header. A smoke guide cover is provided at the rear side of the convection tube bundles. The smoke guide cover gradually shrinks into a narrow opening from front to back. The left side of the front end of the smoke guide cover is connected to the left water wall, the right side of the front end is connected to the right water wall, the upper side of the front end is connected to the upper header, and the lower side of the front end is connected to the lower header.
[0020] The prominent advantages of the present utility model compared with the prior art are as follows:
[0021] 1. The present utility model segments the combustion by forming an initial combustion chamber between two adjacent first water-cooled pipes, namely the initial combustion stage and the combustion stage. A certain heat absorption surface is arranged in each stage to ensure that the combustion temperature in this stage is lower than the temperature at which a large amount of nitrogen oxides are generated (1300 °C), effectively inhibiting the generation of nitrogen oxides. The present utility model arranges a plurality of first water-cooled pipes at intervals and forms an air inlet channel between two adjacent first water-cooled pipes, so that the flame in the combustion chamber is evenly distributed on the front water wall, ensuring the uniform distribution of the combustion temperature and further reducing the generation of nitrogen oxides. The present utility model does not require a large amount of excess cold air or flue gas to participate in reducing the flame temperature, the overall thermal efficiency of the boiler equipment is high, fuel is effectively saved, and at the same time, the flue gas emission is small, and the harm to the environment is small;
[0022] 2. The rear end of the outer side wall of the first water-cooled pipe of the present utility model is a cylindrical surface, and the cross-section of the heat absorption fin is arc-shaped, effectively increasing the heat absorption area; and the corresponding central angle is an obtuse angle, so that the heat absorption fin can absorb a part of the heat in the initial combustion chamber, further reducing the initial combustion temperature;
[0023] 3. The surface of the first water-cooled pipe of the present utility model connected to the flame retardant and air distribution device is a plane, which is convenient for installing the flame retardant and air distribution device. Brief description of the drawings:
[0024] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present utility model;
[0025] Figure 2 is along Figure 1 the cross-sectional schematic diagram taken along the line A-A in
[0026] Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view of the first water-cooled pipe and the heat absorption fin of the present utility model.
[0027] Reference Numerals: 1, combustion chamber; 2, first water-cooled pipe; 3, flame-retardant air-distributing device; 4, primary combustion chamber; 5, heat-absorbing fin; 6, second water-cooled pipe; 7, baffle; 8, air guide cover; 9, upper header; 10, lower header; 11, convective tube bundle; 12, smoke guide cover. Detailed Embodiment:
[0028] The following further describes the present utility model with specific embodiments. Refer to Figure 1 —3:
[0029] A boiler combustion device with segmented temperature control and distributed combustion includes a front water wall and a combustion chamber 1 arranged at the rear side of the front water wall. The front water wall includes a plurality of first water-cooled pipes 2 arranged at intervals, and an air inlet passage communicating with the combustion chamber 1 is formed between two adjacent first water-cooled pipes 2. A flame-retardant air-distributing device 3 is provided at the front end of the air inlet passage. An air passage is provided in the flame-retardant air-distributing device 3. The rear end of the air inlet passage forms a primary combustion chamber 4. Heat-absorbing fins 5 are provided at the rear side of the first water-cooled pipes 2. An air guide cover 8 is provided at the front side of the front water wall. The front end of the air guide cover 8 is connected to the mixed gas outlet of the gas mixer, and the rear end is connected to the front water wall. The gas inlet of the gas mixer is connected to a gas pipeline through a gas valve group, and the air inlet of the gas mixer is connected to the air outlet of a fan.
[0030] In this embodiment, the left-right direction is the transverse direction, the front-rear direction is the longitudinal direction, and the up-down direction is the vertical direction.
[0031] The working principle of the present utility model: As Figures 1-3 shown, the gas in the gas pipeline enters the gas mixer through the gas valve group, mixes with the air generated by the fan, then enters the primary combustion chamber 4 through the air guide cover 8 and the air passage, and after preliminary combustion in the primary combustion chamber 4, it enters the combustion chamber 1 for full combustion.
[0032] Since the primary combustion chamber 4 is formed by the gap between two adjacent first water-cooled pipes 2, with a small space, the fuel burns in this part, and the generated heat is absorbed by the surface of the first water-cooled pipes 2 and transferred to the medium (usually water) inside the first water-cooled pipes 2 and carried away by the medium, so that the flame temperature in the primary combustion chamber 4 is lower than 1000 °C. With a low temperature, less nitrogen oxides are generated. Due to the large space in the combustion chamber 1, the fuel burns fully in this part, and the generated heat is absorbed by the surface of the first water-cooled pipes 2 and the heat-absorbing fins 5, then transferred to the medium (usually water) inside the first water-cooled pipes 2 and carried away by the medium. Moreover, the flame in the combustion chamber 1 is evenly distributed on the surface of the front water wall, with a uniform flame temperature and no local high temperature. The overall flame temperature is lower than 1300 °C, and the generated nitrogen oxides are relatively less, meeting the nitrogen oxide emission standards and being energy-saving and environment-friendly.
[0033] The utility model divides the combustion into stages by forming a primary combustion chamber 4 between two adjacent first water-cooling pipes 2, namely the primary combustion stage and the combustion stage. A certain heat absorption surface is arranged in each stage to ensure that the combustion temperature in this stage is lower than the temperature at which a large amount of nitrogen oxides are generated (1300 °C), effectively suppressing the generation of nitrogen oxides. The utility model sets multiple first water-cooling pipes 2 at intervals and forms an air intake channel between two adjacent first water-cooling pipes 2, so that the flame in the combustion chamber 1 is evenly distributed on the front water-cooled wall, ensuring the uniform distribution of the combustion temperature and further reducing the generation of nitrogen oxides. The utility model does not require a large amount of excess cold air or flue gas to participate in reducing the flame temperature, the overall thermal efficiency of the boiler equipment is high, fuel is effectively saved, at the same time the flue gas emission is small, and the harm to the environment is small; and the air supply volume of the fan can be correspondingly reduced, that is, the motor power of the fan can be correspondingly reduced, saving energy and electricity.
[0034] To guide the flow of the mixed gas, as Figure 1 shown, the air guide cover 8 gradually contracts into a narrow opening from back to front.
[0035] Preferably, the air guide cover 8 is made of fireproof steel plate.
[0036] For better heat absorption effect, as Figure 3 shown, a plurality of heat absorption fins 5 are provided and are arranged at intervals along the length direction of the first water-cooling pipe 2.
[0037] Installation structure of the heat absorption fin 5: The heat absorption fin 5 is fixed on the first water-cooling pipe 2 by welding.
[0038] Furthermore, the rear end of the outer side wall of the first water-cooling pipe 2 is a cylindrical surface, and the cross section of the heat absorption fin 5 is an arc, effectively increasing the heat absorption area, and the corresponding central angle is an obtuse angle, so that the heat absorption fin 5 can absorb a part of the heat in the primary combustion chamber 4, further reducing the temperature of the primary combustion chamber 4. In this embodiment, the degree of the central angle is 153.57°.
[0039] To facilitate the installation of the flame retardant and gas equalizing device 3, the surface of the first water-cooling pipe 2 connected to the flame retardant and gas equalizing device 3 is a plane.
[0040] Furthermore, it further includes a left water-cooled wall and a right water-cooled wall. The front water-cooled wall, the left water-cooled wall and the right water-cooled wall form the combustion chamber 1. Both the left water-cooled wall and the right water-cooled wall include a plurality of second water-cooling pipes 6 arranged at intervals longitudinally. The axial direction of the second water-cooling pipe 6 is arranged vertically. The first water-cooling pipes 2 are arranged at intervals transversely, and the axial direction of the first water-cooling pipe 2 is arranged vertically. The heat generated by the combustion of the fuel in the combustion chamber 1 is also absorbed by the surface of the second water-cooling pipe 6, and then the heat is transferred to the medium (usually water) inside the second water-cooling pipe 6 and carried away by the medium, further reducing the flame temperature in the combustion chamber 1 and generating less nitrogen oxides.
[0041] Furthermore, adjacent two water-cooling pipes II 6, between the front water-cooling wall and the left water-cooling wall, and between the front water-cooling wall and the right water-cooling wall are respectively connected by baffles 7.
[0042] Preferably, the baffle 7 is made of fireproof steel plate and is fixedly connected to the corresponding water-cooling pipes by welding.
[0043] Structure of the flame-retardant air-distributing device 3: The flame-retardant air-distributing device 3 includes a plurality of corrugated plates arranged in a stacked manner and having a corrugated structure. The ventilation channels are formed by the corrugated structure between adjacent two corrugated plates and between the corrugated plates and the water-cooling pipe I 2.
[0044] Furthermore, an ignition detector is provided in the combustion chamber 1.
[0045] Furthermore, it further includes an upper header 9 and a lower header 10. The front water-cooling wall, the left water-cooling wall and the right water-cooling wall are arranged between the upper header 9 and the lower header 10. The upper ends of the water-cooling pipes I 2 and the upper ends of the water-cooling pipes II 6 are respectively communicated with the upper header 9, and the lower ends of the water-cooling pipes I 2 and the lower ends of the water-cooling pipes II 6 are respectively communicated with the lower header 10, as Figure 2 shown.
[0046] Furthermore, a plurality of convection tube bundles 11 are provided at the rear side of the combustion chamber 1. A smoke outlet channel is formed between adjacent two convection tube bundles 11. The upper ends of the convection tube bundles 11 are communicated with the upper header 9 and the lower ends are communicated with the lower header 10. A smoke guide hood 12 is provided at the rear side of the convection tube bundles 11. The smoke guide hood 12 gradually contracts into a narrow opening from front to back. The left side of the front end of the smoke guide hood 12 is connected to the left water-cooling wall, the right side of the front end is connected to the right water-cooling wall, the upper side of the front end is connected to the upper header 9, and the lower side of the front end is connected to the lower header 10. After the high-temperature flue gas generated in the combustion chamber 1 enters the smoke outlet channel at the rear and exchanges heat with the medium in the convection tube bundles 11, it flows out through the smoke guide hood 12.
[0047] The above embodiments are only one of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and do not limit the implementation scope of the present invention. Therefore, all equivalent changes made according to the shape, structure and principle of the present invention should be covered within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims
1. A boiler combustion device with segmented temperature control and distributed combustion, characterized in that: It includes a front water wall and a combustion chamber (1) arranged at the rear side of the front water wall. The front water wall includes a plurality of spaced water cooling pipes one (2). An air inlet passage communicating with the combustion chamber (1) is formed between two adjacent water cooling pipes one (2). A flame retardant and air equalizing device (3) is provided at the front end of the air inlet passage. An air passage is provided in the flame retardant and air equalizing device (3). An initial combustion chamber (4) is formed at the rear end of the air inlet passage. A heat absorption fin (5) is provided at the rear side of the water cooling pipe one (2).
2. The boiler combustion device with segmented temperature control and distributed combustion according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of the heat absorption fins (5) are provided and are spaced along the length direction of the water cooling pipe one (2).
3. The boiler combustion device with segmented temperature control and distributed combustion according to claim 2, characterized in that: The rear end of the outer side wall of the water cooling pipe one (2) is a cylindrical surface. The cross section of the heat absorption fin (5) is arc-shaped and the corresponding central angle is an obtuse angle.
4. A boiler combustion device with segmented temperature control and distributed combustion according to claim 1, characterized in that: The surface where the water cooling pipe one (2) is connected to the flame retardant and air equalizing device (3) is a plane.
5. The boiler combustion device with segmented temperature control and distributed combustion according to claim 1, characterized in that: It further includes a left water wall and a right water wall. The front water wall, the left water wall and the right water wall form the combustion chamber (1). Both the left water wall and the right water wall include a plurality of water cooling pipes two (6) spaced along the longitudinal direction. The axial direction of the water cooling pipe two (6) is arranged vertically. The water cooling pipes one (2) are spaced along the transverse direction and the axial direction of the water cooling pipe one (2) is arranged vertically.
6. The boiler combustion device with segmented temperature control and distributed combustion according to claim 5, characterized in that: Adjacent two water cooling pipes two (6), between the front water wall and the left water wall, and between the front water wall and the right water wall are respectively connected by baffles (7).
7. A boiler combustion device with segmented temperature control and distributed combustion according to claim 1, characterized in that: A gas guiding cover (8) is provided at the front side of the front water wall. The front end of the gas guiding cover (8) is connected to the mixed gas outlet of the gas mixer, and the rear end is connected to the front water wall. The gas inlet of the gas mixer is connected to the gas pipeline through a gas valve group, and the air inlet of the gas mixer is connected to the air outlet of the fan.
8. A boiler combustion device with segmented temperature control and distributed combustion according to claim 7, characterized in that: The gas guiding cover (8) gradually contracts into a narrow opening from the rear to the front.