Grain drying device

Abstract

The utility model discloses a grain drying device, and belongs to the technical field of grain drying. The grain drying device comprises a drying tower, a drying layer, a material stirring mechanism, a rapid drying layer and a conveying mechanism which are sequentially arranged from top to bottom, the drying layer is provided with an exhaust mechanism, the rapid drying layer is provided with an air inlet mechanism, the drying tower and the drying layer are used for stacking grains, and the material stirring mechanism is used for enabling the grains to move in the rapid drying layer in a dispersed mode. Through cooperation of the drying layer, the shifting mechanism and the quick drying layer, grains are stacked and pre-dried in the drying layer, the overall grain storage amount of the grain drying device is increased, drying of a thick grain layer is achieved, and the overall drying efficiency is improved; the drying rate of the pre-dried grains can be guaranteed under the condition that the flow speed of the pre-dried grains in the quick drying layer is increased, the drying efficiency of the grains is further improved, the grains in the drying layer and the quick drying layer move downwards, air moves upwards, and countercurrent drying is always achieved, so that the drying efficiency is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the field of grain drying, and specifically relates to a grain drying device. Background Art

[0002] Existing grain drying devices mainly have three forms: countercurrent drying, crossflow drying, and mixed-flow drying. Among them, in one implementation of countercurrent drying, grains are piled up in a drying tower, and a quick drying layer is provided below the drying tower. An air inlet fan and an air exhaust fan are provided in the quick drying layer, and then the grains in the drying tower are dried in multiple cycles.

[0003] In order to reduce the number of cycles in the prior art, increasing the occupied space of the quick drying layer has the following problems: First, when the quick drying layer is arranged outside the drying tower, there is a problem that the floor area of the drying device is too large;

[0004] Second, when the quick drying layer is arranged inside the drying tower, the space inside the drying tower is occupied, and the total storage capacity of the drying tower is reduced, resulting in the need for more batches of grains to enter the drying tower for drying, and the drying efficiency is low when there is a large amount of grains. Content of the Utility Model

[0005] Purpose of the utility model: To provide a grain drying device, which pre-dries the grains by piling them up in the drying layer, increases the storage capacity of the drying tower without increasing the floor area of the drying device, and solves the problem of low drying efficiency when there is a large amount of grains in the prior art.

[0006] The technical solution of the utility model is as follows: A grain drying device includes: a drying tower, an air exhaust mechanism, a feeding mechanism, an air inlet mechanism, and a conveying mechanism.

[0007] A slow conveying layer, a drying layer, and a quick drying layer are sequentially arranged in the drying tower from top to bottom.

[0008] The air exhaust mechanism and the feeding mechanism cooperate with the drying layer, and the feeding mechanism, the air inlet mechanism, and the conveying mechanism cooperate with the quick drying layer.

[0009] The slow conveying layer and the drying layer are used for piling up grains, and the feeding mechanism is used to disperse the grains into the quick drying layer.

[0010] Grains pass through the drying layer, the feeding mechanism, and the quick drying layer in sequence in the drying tower and fall on the conveying mechanism.

[0011] The air of the air inlet mechanism passes through the quick drying layer, the feeding mechanism, and the drying layer in sequence and is discharged by the air exhaust mechanism.

[0012] In a further embodiment, the feeding mechanism includes: a material distributing member, a guiding member, and a feeding roller.

[0013] A plurality of the material distributing members are horizontally distributed below the exhaust fan, the guiding member is arranged below the material distributing member, and the material shifting roller is arranged between the material distributing member and the guiding member.

[0014] A drying layer is formed at a predetermined interval between the exhaust mechanism and the guiding member.

[0015] The material shifting roller is used to disperse the grains in the drying layer into the rapid drying layer.

[0016] The surface of the material distributing member is provided with first ventilation holes, and the first ventilation holes are used to connect the air in the rapid drying layer and the drying layer, increasing the ventilation volume and realizing the pre-drying with a large air volume in the drying layer.

[0017] In a further embodiment, the material distributing member is a pointed structure or an arc structure with the width of the top end of the cross section smaller than that of the bottom end, so that the grains in the drying layer move towards the guiding member.

[0018] In a further embodiment, the conveying mechanism includes: a conveyor and a hoist.

[0019] The conveyor is arranged below the material shifting mechanism, and the bottom end of the hoist is connected to the conveyor.

[0020] In a further embodiment, the conveying mechanism further includes: an air damper, which is arranged between the conveyor and the hoist.

[0021] The air damper is used to transfer the grains of the conveyor to the hoist, and reduce the air circulation rate between the conveyor and the hoist, and reduce the air loss rate of the rapid drying layer from the conveyor and the hoist.

[0022] In a further embodiment, the air damper includes: an air damper housing, a transmission mechanism, an air damper shaft and a plurality of air damper blades.

[0023] The air damper housing is used to connect the conveyor and the hoist, the air damper shaft and the air damper blades are installed in the air damper housing, a plurality of the air damper blades are installed on the air damper shaft, and the air damper shaft is connected to the conveyor or the hoist or the power source through the transmission mechanism.

[0024] A plurality of the air damper blades divide the inner cavity of the air damper housing into a plurality of sub-cavities. When one sub-cavity is communicated with the conveyor, another sub-cavity is communicated with the hoist.

[0025] In a further embodiment, the exhaust mechanism includes: an exhaust member and an exhaust fan.

[0026] A plurality of the exhaust members are horizontally distributed below the drying tower, and the exhaust fan is connected to the exhaust member.

[0027] The exhaust member is arranged at the top end of the drying layer.

[0028] The bottom end of the exhaust component is an open structure or is provided with a second ventilation hole, and the exhaust component is used to connect the drying layer and the air of the exhaust fan.

[0029] In a further embodiment, several of the exhaust components are arranged staggeredly, so that more air can be discharged simultaneously, and more grains can flow downward simultaneously.

[0030] In a further embodiment, the exhaust component is a pointed structure or an arc structure with a width of the top end of the cross section smaller than that of the bottom end.

[0031] In a further embodiment, the bottom end of the exhaust component is a pointed structure or an arc structure with a width of the top end of the cross section larger than that of the bottom end.

[0032] The bottom end of the exhaust component is provided with a second ventilation hole.

[0033] The beneficial effects of the present utility model are as follows: Through the cooperation of the drying layer, the feeding mechanism and the rapid drying layer, the grains are pre-dried in the drying layer in a stacked manner, increasing the overall grain storage capacity of the grain drying device, realizing the drying of a thick grain layer, improving the overall drying efficiency, and solving the problem of low drying efficiency in the prior art when there are many grains without increasing the floor area of the drying tower.

[0034] The pre-dried grains can increase the flow rate of the grains in the rapid drying layer while ensuring the drying rate, further improving the drying efficiency of the grains.

[0035] The grains in the drying layer and the rapid drying layer both move downward. Through the cooperation of the exhaust mechanism and the air inlet mechanism, the air flow rate is increased and the air all moves upward. It is always a large air volume, countercurrent drying, and the temperature difference transition from the thick grain layer in the drying layer to the rapid drying layer is smooth, greatly improving the drying efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0036] Figure 1 It is the overall front view and the partial sectional view of the bottom of the drying tower of the present utility model.

[0037] Figure 2 It is the external view of the overall left view of the present utility model.

[0038] Figure 3 It is the enlarged partial sectional view of the inside of the drying tower in the front view of the present utility model.

[0039] Figure 4 It is the enlarged partial sectional view of the inside of the drying tower in the left view of the present utility model.

[0040] Figure 5 It is the enlarged partial sectional view of the air damper in the front view of the present utility model.

[0041] The reference numerals shown in the figures are: drying tower 100, slow conveying layer 101, drying layer 102, rapid drying layer 103, exhaust mechanism 200, exhaust part 201, exhaust fan 202, material distributing mechanism 300, material dividing part 301, guiding part 302, material distributing roller 303, air inlet mechanism 400, conveying mechanism 500, conveyor 501, elevator 502, air blocking device 503, transmission mechanism 5031, air blocking blade 5032. Detailed implementation mode

[0042] In the following description, a large number of specific details are given to provide a more thorough understanding of the present invention. However, it is obvious to those skilled in the art that the present invention can be implemented without one or more of these details. In other examples, in order to avoid confusion with the present invention, some well-known technical features in the art are not described.

[0043] This application discloses a grain drying device, which pre-dries the grains by piling them up in the drying layer. Without increasing the floor area of the drying device, the storage capacity of the drying tower is increased, and the problem of low drying efficiency in the prior art when there is a large amount of grains is solved.

[0044] As Figure 1 shown, the grain drying device includes: a drying tower 100, an exhaust mechanism 200, a material distributing mechanism 300, an air inlet mechanism 400 and a conveying mechanism 500.

[0045] The drying tower 100 is sequentially provided with a slow conveying layer 101, a drying layer 102 and a rapid drying layer 103 from top to bottom.

[0046] The exhaust mechanism 200 and the material distributing mechanism 300 cooperate with the drying layer 102, and the material distributing mechanism 300, the air inlet mechanism 400 and the conveying mechanism 500 cooperate with the rapid drying layer 103.

[0047] The slow conveying layer 101 and the drying layer 102 are used for piling up grains, and the material distributing mechanism 300 is used for dispersing the grains into the rapid drying layer 103.

[0048] The grains pass through the drying layer 102, the material distributing mechanism 300 and the rapid drying layer 103 in sequence from the drying tower 100 and fall on the conveying mechanism 500.

[0049] The air of the air inlet mechanism 400 passes through the rapid drying layer 103, the material distributing mechanism 300 and the drying layer 102 in sequence and is discharged by the exhaust mechanism 200.

[0050] It is possible that Figure 1 shown that the slow conveying layer 101, the drying layer 102 and the rapid drying layer 103 are structures with a decreasing cross-sectional area, or it is also possible that Figure 3Making the cross-sectional areas of the slow feeding layer 101 and the drying layer 102 the same can further increase the storage capacity of the drying tower 100.

[0051] Among them, a drying layer 102 is formed by a predetermined interval between the exhaust air mechanism 200 and the material distributing mechanism 300, and a rapid drying layer 103 is formed by a predetermined interval between the material distributing mechanism 300 and the conveying mechanism 500. The exhaust air mechanism 200 uses a centrifugal fan as the exhaust fan 202, and the air inlet mechanism 400 uses an axial flow fan as the air inlet fan. The air inlet mechanism 400 includes an air inlet, and an air inlet fan connected to the air inlet. The air inlet is used to connect the air inlet fan and the air in the rapid drying layer 103, and the air inlet is arranged at the bottom end of the rapid drying layer 103.

[0052] Regarding the material distributing mechanism 300, as Figure 3 shown, the material distributing mechanism 300 includes: a material dividing member 301, a guiding member 302, and a material distributing roller 303.

[0053] A plurality of material dividing members 301 are horizontally distributed below the exhaust fan 202, the guiding member 302 is arranged below the material dividing member 301, and the material distributing roller 303 is arranged between the material dividing member 301 and the guiding member 302.

[0054] A drying layer 102 is formed by a predetermined interval between the exhaust air mechanism 200 and the guiding member 302.

[0055] The material distributing roller 303 is used to disperse the grains in the drying layer 102 into the rapid drying layer 103.

[0056] A plurality of first ventilation holes are provided on the surface of the material dividing member 301, and the first ventilation holes are used to connect the air in the rapid drying layer 103 and the drying layer 102.

[0057] As Figure 3 shown, six guiding members 302 and the material distributing roller 303 are arranged below five material dividing members 301 to form six channels. A power source such as a motor is connected to the material distributing roller 303 to drive the material distributing roller 303 to rotate. Every time it rotates a certain angle, the blades of the material distributing roller 303 will convey a certain amount of grains to the rapid drying layer 103, so that the grains in the drying layer 102 are respectively dispersed and moved into the rapid drying layer 103 from the six channels.

[0058] Among them, the material dividing member 301 with a pointed angle structure or an arc structure can be made of a mesh plate with a plurality of through holes, so that there are a plurality of first ventilation holes above the material dividing member 301. The bottom end of the material dividing member 301 can be an open structure or a mesh plate with a plurality of through holes.

[0059] In the prior art, when the air inlet mechanism 400 passes through the feeding mechanism 300, it always passes through the side of the feeding roller 303 between the feeding member 301 and the guiding member 302 and then enters the upper rapid drying layer 103, resulting in the problem of low air volume in the upper rapid drying layer 103. By increasing the ventilation volume through the first ventilation holes, pre-drying with a large air volume in the drying layer 102 is achieved. Moreover, when the large-air-volume air blows upward and passes through the first ventilation holes, an air cushion is formed on the upper surface of the feeding member 301, reducing the contact between the grains and the feeding member 301, and thus reducing the wear of the feeding member 301.

[0060] As Figure 3 shown, the feeding member 301 is a pointed structure or an arc structure with the width of the top end of the cross-section smaller than that of the bottom end, causing the grains in the drying layer 102 to move towards the guiding member 302 and ensuring the smooth flow of the grains.

[0061] Regarding the conveying mechanism 500, the conveying mechanism 500 includes: a conveyor 501 and a lifter 502.

[0062] The conveyor 501 is arranged below the feeding mechanism 300, and the bottom end of the lifter 502 is connected to the conveyor 501. As Figure 4 shown, the conveyor 501 can be a horizontal auger conveyor.

[0063] The top end of the lifter 502 can be arranged above the top end of the drying tower 100 to convey the grains into the drying tower 100 for storage or multiple-cycle drying. Or the top end of the lifter 502 can be arranged above the grain transport vehicle, and the dried grains are transported away by the grain transport vehicle. Or the top end of the lifter 502 can be arranged above the granary to directly convey the grains into the granary for storage.

[0064] As Figure 4 and 5 shown, the conveying mechanism 500 further includes: a wind blocker 503, which is arranged between the conveyor 501 and the lifter 502.

[0065] The wind blocker 503 is used to transfer the grains of the conveyor 501 to the lifter 502 and reduce the air circulation rate between the conveyor 501 and the lifter 502.

[0066] By means of the wind blocker 503, the loss rate of the air in the rapid drying layer 103 from the conveyor 501 and the lifter 502 can be reduced, further ensuring the drying efficiency with a large air volume in the drying layer 102 and the rapid drying layer 103.

[0067] As Figure 5 shown, the wind blocker 503 includes: a wind-blocking shell, a transmission mechanism 5031, a wind-blocking shaft, and a plurality of wind-blocking blades 5032.

[0068] The air-blocking housing is used to connect the conveyor 501 and the elevator 502. The air-blocking shaft and the air-blocking blades 5032 are installed inside the air-blocking housing. A plurality of air-blocking blades 5032 are installed on the air-blocking shaft, and the air-blocking shaft is connected to a power source such as the conveyor 501 or the elevator 502 or a separate motor or internal combustion engine through a transmission mechanism 5031.

[0069] A plurality of air-blocking blades 5032 divide the inner cavity of the air-blocking housing into several sub-cavities. When one sub-cavity is in communication with the conveyor 501, another sub-cavity is in communication with the elevator 502.

[0070] As shown in the figure, five air-blocking blades 5032 are provided to divide into five sub-cavities. The cross-sectional shape of the air-blocking blades 5032 matches the cross-sectional shape of the inner cavity of the air-blocking housing, so that the air-blocking blades 5032 are blocked between two adjacent sub-cavities. By rotating the air-blocking blades 5032, the positions of the sub-cavities are changed, so that the grains in the sub-cavities are conveyed to the elevator 502, and the air circulation rate between the conveyor 501 and the elevator 502 is reduced by the air-blocking blades 5032.

[0071] The transmission mechanism 5031 can be a chain transmission mechanism or a gear transmission mechanism. Driven by a power source such as the conveyor 501 or the elevator 502 or a separate motor or internal combustion engine, the air-blocking shaft rotates, thereby realizing the transfer of the grains of the conveyor 501 to the elevator 502.

[0072] Regarding the exhaust mechanism 200, as Figure 4 shown, the exhaust mechanism 200 includes: an exhaust member 201 and an exhaust fan 202.

[0073] A plurality of exhaust members 201 are horizontally distributed below the drying tower 100, and the exhaust fan 202 is connected to the exhaust member 201.

[0074] The exhaust member 201 is arranged at the top of the drying layer 102.

[0075] The bottom end of the exhaust member 201 is an open structure or is provided with a second ventilation hole. The exhaust member 201 is used to connect the air between the drying layer 102 and the exhaust fan 202.

[0076] Among them, as Figure 4 shown, the exhaust member 201 is a crossbeam structure with a length matching the inner wall of the drying tower 100. The crossbeam-structured exhaust member 201 can increase the exhaust area in the piled grains.

[0077] As Figure 1 and 3 shown, a plurality of the exhaust members 201 are arranged staggeredly, that is, there is an exhaust member 201 with a height less than it between every two exhaust members 201. As Figure 3 shown, seven exhaust members 201 are provided, and the heights of three exhaust members 201 are less than the heights of four exhaust members 201.

[0078] The staggered arrangement of the exhaust components 201 can reduce the lateral spacing of the exhaust at the bottom of the exhaust components 201, improve the moisture reception rate, increase the passing space for the grains flowing downward above, enable more air to be discharged simultaneously, and more grains to flow downward simultaneously, further increasing the drying efficiency.

[0079] Such as Figure 1 and 3 As shown, the exhaust component 201 is a pointed structure or an arc structure with the width of the top cross-section smaller than that of the bottom cross-section, further ensuring the smooth flow of the grains.

[0080] In the embodiment where a second ventilation hole is provided at the bottom of the exhaust component 201, the bottom of the exhaust component 201 is a pointed structure or an arc structure with the width of the top cross-section larger than that of the bottom cross-section.

[0081] A second ventilation hole is provided at the bottom of the exhaust component 201.

[0082] Among them, the bottom of the exhaust component 201 with a pointed structure or an arc structure can be made of a mesh plate with several through-holes, and the top of the exhaust component 201 can be a smooth plate. Through the structural design of the bottom of the exhaust component 201, the moisture reception rate can be further increased.

[0083] Working method: First step, convey grains into the drying tower 100 to accumulate grains in the drying tower 100 and the drying layer 102. In this step, drying towers 100 with different heights of the drying layer 102 can be selected according to the different bulk densities of the grains. The bulk density of the grains is inversely proportional to the height of the drying layer 102. For example, for round and large-sized grains such as soybeans with a small bulk density, a drying tower 100 with a large height of the drying layer 102 can be selected; for oval and small-sized grains such as wheat with a large bulk density, a drying tower 100 with a small height of the drying layer 102 can be selected, so that the humidity of the air discharged by the exhaust mechanism 200 reaches saturation as much as possible.

[0084] Second step, start the air inlet mechanism 400 and the exhaust mechanism 200 to pre-dry the grains in the drying layer 102.

[0085] Third step, start the material stirring mechanism 300, the rapid drying layer 103 and the conveying mechanism 500, so that the grains accumulated in the drying layer 102 are dispersed and move in the rapid drying layer 103, and finally fall on the conveying mechanism 500 to convey the grains to the slow conveying layer 101 for cyclic drying work, or the conveying mechanism 500 conveys the grains that meet the drying standard out. During this process, the air sequentially passes through the rapid drying layer 103, the material stirring mechanism 300 and the drying layer 102 and is discharged by the exhaust mechanism 200, drying the dispersed grains and the accumulated grains in sequence.

[0086] During the upward movement of the air, the humidity of the drying layer 102 increases from bottom to top, and the temperature of the drying layer 102 decreases from bottom to top, enabling a smooth transition of the humidity and temperature of the grains within the drying layer 102.

[0087] In the third step, the conveyor 501 or elevator 502 of the conveying mechanism 500 or a separate power source drives the rotation of the air damper 503, transferring the grains within the air damper 503 to the elevator 502. During this process, the air damper 503 reduces the air circulation rate between the conveyor 501 and the elevator 502.

[0088] As described above, although the present invention has been shown and described with reference to specific preferred embodiments, it should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention itself. Various changes may be made in its form and details without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention as defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A grain drying device, characterized in that, Including: A drying tower, an exhaust air mechanism, a material distributing mechanism, an air inlet mechanism, and a conveying mechanism; In the drying tower, a slow conveying layer, a drying layer, and a rapid drying layer are sequentially arranged from top to bottom; The exhaust air mechanism and the material distributing mechanism cooperate with the drying layer, and the material distributing mechanism, the air inlet mechanism, and the conveying mechanism cooperate with the rapid drying layer; The slow conveying layer and the drying layer are used for stacking grains, and the material distributing mechanism is used for dispersing the grains into the rapid drying layer; The grains sequentially pass through the drying layer, the material distributing mechanism, and the rapid drying layer in the drying tower and fall on the conveying mechanism; The air of the air inlet mechanism sequentially passes through the rapid drying layer, the material distributing mechanism, and the drying layer and is discharged by the exhaust air mechanism.

2. The grain drying device according to claim 1, wherein, The material distributing mechanism includes: a material separating member, a guiding member, and a material distributing roller; A plurality of the material separating members are horizontally distributed below the exhaust fan, the guiding member is arranged below the material separating member, and the material distributing roller is arranged between the material separating member and the guiding member; A predetermined distance is spaced between the exhaust air mechanism and the guiding member to form the drying layer; The material distributing roller is used for dispersing the grains in the drying layer into the rapid drying layer; A plurality of first ventilation holes are provided on the surface of the material separating member, and the first ventilation holes are used for communicating the air between the rapid drying layer and the drying layer.

3. The cereal drying device according to claim 2, wherein, The material separating member is a pointed structure or an arc structure with a width of the top end of the cross section smaller than that of the bottom end, so that the grains in the drying layer move towards the guiding member.

4. The cereal drying device according to claim 1, wherein The conveying mechanism includes: a conveyor and a lifter; The conveyor is arranged below the material distributing mechanism, and the bottom end of the lifter is connected to the conveyor.

5. The grain drying device according to claim 4, wherein, The conveying mechanism further includes: an air blocking device, which is arranged between the conveyor and the lifter; The air blocking device is used for transferring the grains of the conveyor to the lifter and reducing the air circulation rate between the conveyor and the lifter.

6. The grain drying device according to claim 5, wherein, The air blocking device includes: an air blocking shell, a transmission mechanism, an air blocking shaft, and a plurality of air blocking blades; The air blocking shell is used for connecting the conveyor and the lifter, the air blocking shaft and the air blocking blades are installed in the air blocking shell, a plurality of the air blocking blades are installed on the air blocking shaft, and the air blocking shaft is connected to the conveyor or the lifter or a power source through the transmission mechanism; A plurality of the air blocking blades divide the inner cavity of the air blocking shell into a plurality of sub-cavities. When one sub-cavity is communicated with the conveyor, another sub-cavity is communicated with the lifter.

7. The cereal drying device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The exhaust air mechanism includes: an exhaust air member and an exhaust fan; A plurality of the exhaust air members are horizontally distributed below the drying tower, and the exhaust fan is connected to the exhaust air member; The exhaust air member is arranged at the top end of the drying layer; The bottom end of the exhaust air member is an open structure or is provided with a plurality of second ventilation holes, and the exhaust air member is used for communicating the air between the drying layer and the exhaust fan.

8. The cereal drying device according to claim 7, characterized in that, A plurality of the exhaust air members are arranged in a staggered manner.

9. The grain drying device according to claim 7, characterized in that, The exhaust air member is a pointed structure or an arc structure with a width of the top end of the cross section smaller than that of the bottom end.

10. The cereal drying device according to claim 7, characterized in that, The bottom end of the exhaust air member is a pointed structure or an arc structure with a width of the top end of the cross section larger than that of the bottom end; A plurality of second ventilation holes are provided at the bottom end of the exhaust air member.

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