Moving object energy conversion experiment device

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of teaching experiment devices, in particular to a moving object energy conversion experiment device which comprises an experiment device main body, a track is arranged on the experiment device main body, an infrared timer and an electromagnet device are further installed on the experiment device main body, the track is composed of a vertical cambered surface and a horizontal surface, and the horizontal surface is arranged on the track. Rail grooves with the same depth are formed in the upper end of the rail, a fixing plate and a fixing box plate are connected to the two sides of the rail respectively, rollers and plastic blocks are placed on the rail, and a first electromagnetic control point position, a second electromagnetic control point position and a third electromagnetic control point position are installed at the positions, on the cambered surface of the rail, of the electromagnet device at intervals. According to the moving object energy conversion experimental device, problems occurring when experimental apparatuses suggested by teaching materials are used in teaching are innovated and improved, factors influencing the actual effect of an experiment are eliminated, the experiment efficiency is improved, meanwhile, operation is convenient, and students can be rapidly helped to successfully construct an energy concept.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of teaching experiment devices, in particular to an experimental device for the energy conversion of a moving object. Background Technique

[0002] In teaching practice, in Lesson 6 "The Moving Cart" of the "Motion and Force" unit in the fourth grade upper volume of the primary school science textbook of the Education Science Edition, the experimental device designed in the textbook to explore the relationship between the energy size of a moving object and its moving speed through an impact experiment is composed of main components such as an inclined plane, a flat plane, a sliding cart, and a plastic block. There are many problems affecting the experimental effectiveness during the experiment, and the impact experiment is the key to constructing the energy concept. Therefore, it is very necessary to innovate and improve the experimental device. In existing materials, such as the article "Optimal Design of the Experiment 'Exploring What Factors Affect Kinetic Energy'" published by Zhang Huifen and Yuan Haiquan in the 9th issue of "Education and Equipment Research" in 2022, the experiment "Exploring What Factors Affect Kinetic Energy" is a student experiment related to kinetic energy in the chapter of mechanical energy in junior high school physics. The two authors compared the experimental devices in the physics textbooks of Beijing Normal University Edition, People's Education Edition, Zhejiang Education Edition, Shanghai Science and Technology Edition, and Jiangsu Education Edition in the article, analyzed the problems existing in the experimental operation, and put forward optimization suggestions based on self-made experimental teaching aids.

[0003] It is proposed in the existing materials to add card slots on both the inclined plane and the flat plane to guide the movement direction of the object and to change the manual release to affect the scientific nature of the experiment. However, there is an angle between the inclined plane and the flat plane. After the cart moves downward, it will first hit the flat plane and then slide forward, and the energy will be weakened; and currently, the moving speed of the cart in the experimental device depends on visual observation and lacks data support; the sliding direction of the plastic block on the flat plane after being hit is uncontrollable, and there are no scales on the flat plane. The sliding distance of the plastic block needs to be measured with a ruler, which is time-consuming and not convenient for students' experimental operations. Content of the Utility Model

[0004] The purpose of the utility model is to provide an experimental device for the energy conversion of a moving object to solve the problems existing in the current teaching practice that the experimental device used to explore the relationship between the energy size of a moving object and its moving speed through an impact experiment has many problems affecting the experimental effectiveness as proposed in the above background technique.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the utility model provides the following technical solution: An experimental device for converting the energy of a moving object, comprising a main body of the experimental device, on which there is a track, and an infrared timer and an electromagnet device are also installed on the main body of the experimental device. The track is composed of a vertical arc surface and a horizontal plane, and a track groove with a consistent depth is opened at the upper end of the track. Fixing plates and fixed box plates are respectively connected to both sides of the track, and a roller and a plastic block are placed on the track. The electromagnet device is provided with a first electromagnetic control point, a second electromagnetic control point, and a third electromagnetic control point at intervals on the arc surface of the track. The infrared timer is electrically provided with a connecting wire bundle, and the end of the connecting wire bundle is installed with a first infrared timer measurement probe and a second infrared timer measurement probe. A second measurement scale and a first measurement scale are respectively provided on the upper end of the track and the side surface of the fixed box plate.

[0006] Preferably, a nameplate is adhesively fixed to the outer side surface of the fixing plate, and support plates are symmetrically adhesively fixed to the outer side surface of the fixing plate. The infrared timer is installed on the fixing plate by screws, and the connecting wire bundle penetrates through the fixing plate and then communicates into the fixed box plate.

[0007] Preferably, the roller corresponds to the first electromagnetic control point, the second electromagnetic control point, and the third electromagnetic control point respectively, and the roller is magnetically attracted and matched with the first electromagnetic control point, the second electromagnetic control point, and the third electromagnetic control point respectively, and the roller is stuck in the track groove.

[0008] Preferably, the plastic block is of a T-shaped structure, and the bottom of the plastic block is movably stuck in the track groove.

[0009] Preferably, the first infrared timer measurement probe and the second infrared timer measurement probe are snap-fitted and installed on the fixed box plate, and the first infrared timer measurement probe and the second infrared timer measurement probe are located above the horizontal plane of the track.

[0010] Preferably, the second measurement scale is symmetrically located on both sides of the track groove, and the first measurement scale and the second measurement scale have the same specifications and indicating positions.

[0011] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the utility model are:

[0012] 1. The experimental device for converting the energy of a moving object innovatively improves the problems that occur when using the experimental equipment recommended in the teaching materials, eliminates the factors affecting the experimental effectiveness, improves the experimental efficiency, and is convenient to operate, and can quickly help students successfully construct the concept of energy.

[0013] 2. The experimental device for the energy conversion of a moving object changes the traditional trolley used in experiments to a roller, and releases the roller through electromagnetic control, eliminating the experimental interference of manual release. The electromagnetic control device attracts and releases the roller by turning on and off the power supply, ensuring that the movement of the roller is not interfered with by human force.

[0014] 3. The experimental device for the energy conversion of a moving object changes the inclined plane to an arc-shaped track, making the movement trajectory of the roller smoother, and sets three starting points at different heights to control the movement speed of the roller.

[0015] 4. The experimental device for the energy conversion of a moving object adds instrument measurement on the basis of visual observation, and uses an infrared timer to measure the time taken for the roller to pass through two probes A and B, providing data support for judging the movement speed of the roller.

[0016] 5. The experimental device for the energy conversion of a moving object sets track grooves on the track to guide the movement directions of the roller and the plastic block, making the movement direction of the plastic block controllable, and adds a measurement scale to directly read the movement data of the plastic block. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the position structure of the roller and the plastic block of an experimental device for the energy conversion of a moving object according to the present utility model;

[0018] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the relative position structure of the roller and the track of an experimental device for the energy conversion of a moving object according to the present utility model;

[0019] Figure 3 It is a diagram of the relative position of the plastic block and the track of an experimental device for the energy conversion of a moving object according to the present utility model;

[0020] Figure 4 It is a front view of an experimental device for the energy conversion of a moving object according to the present utility model;

[0021] Figure 5 It is a top view of an experimental device for the energy conversion of a moving object according to the present utility model.

[0022] In the figure: 1. Main body of the experimental device; 2. Fixed plate; 3. Fixed box plate; 4. Infrared timer; 5. Connection wire harness; 6. Nameplate; 7. Roller; 8. Plastic block; 9. Support plate; 10. First electromagnetic control point; 11. Second electromagnetic control point; 12. Third electromagnetic control point; 13. First infrared timer measurement probe; 14. Second infrared timer measurement probe; 15. First measurement scale; 16. Track; 17. Track groove; 18. Electromagnet device; 19. Second measurement scale. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0023] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present utility model in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present utility model, rather than all of the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present utility model without making creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0024] Please refer to Figures 1-5, the present utility model provides a technical solution: an experimental device for energy conversion of a moving object, including an experimental device main body 1. There is a track 16 on the experimental device main body 1, and an infrared timer 4 and an electromagnet device 18 are also installed on the experimental device main body 1. The track 16 is composed of a vertical arc surface and a horizontal plane, and a track groove 17 with a consistent depth is opened at the upper end of the track 16. Fixed plates 2 and fixed box plates 3 are respectively connected to both sides of the track 16. A nameplate 6 is adhesively fixed to the outer side of the fixed plate 2, and support plates 9 are symmetrically adhesively fixed to the outer side of the fixed plate 2. The infrared timer 4 is installed on the fixed plate 2 by screws, and the connecting wire harness 5 penetrates through the fixed plate 2 and then communicates into the fixed box plate 3. This structure marks information such as the experimental type of the experimental device main body 1 through the nameplate 6 to help students understand the purpose of the experimental device main body 1. The support plates 9 can improve the stability of the support of the experimental device main body 1. The infrared timer 4 adopts a dual-probe infrared induction timer of model SD62 from SAND Company, and a roller 7 and a plastic block 8 are placed on the track 16. The electromagnet device 18 is provided with a first electromagnetic control point 10, a second electromagnetic control point 11, and a third electromagnetic control point 12 at intervals on the arc surface of the track 16. The roller 7 corresponds to the first electromagnetic control point 10, the second electromagnetic control point 11, and the third electromagnetic control point 12 respectively, and the roller 7 is magnetically attracted and matched with the first electromagnetic control point 10, the second electromagnetic control point 11, and the third electromagnetic control point 12 respectively, and the roller 7 is stuck in the track groove 17. This structure enables the roller 7 to cooperate with the electromagnet device 18. By using the performance and energy conversion principle of the electromagnet, the electromagnet device 18 can attract and release the roller 7 by turning on and off the power supply, so that the movement of the roller 7 is not interfered by human force, and at the same time, the roller 7 can be released from different heights to control the movement speed of the roller 7. The plastic block 8 has a T-shaped structure, and the bottom of the plastic block 8 is movably stuck in the track groove 17. This structure enables the plastic block 8 to be subjected to movement guidance through the track groove 17 to facilitate measuring the moving distance of the plastic block 8. The infrared timer 4 is electrically provided with a connecting wire harness 5, and a first infrared timer measurement probe 13 and a second infrared timer measurement probe 14 are installed at the end of the connecting wire harness 5. The first infrared timer measurement probe 13 and the second infrared timer measurement probe 14 are snap-mounted on the fixed box plate 3, and the first infrared timer measurement probe 13 and the second infrared timer measurement probe 14 are located above the horizontal plane of the track 16. This structure senses the roller 7 at the positions of the first infrared timer measurement probe 13 and the second infrared timer measurement probe 14 through the infrared timer 4, and measures the time taken for the roller 7 to pass through the first infrared timer measurement probe 13 and the second infrared timer measurement probe 14, providing data support for judging the movement speed of the roller 7. A second measurement scale 19 and a first measurement scale 15 are respectively provided at the upper end of the track 16 and the side of the fixed box plate 3. The second measurement scale 19 is symmetrically located on both sides of the track groove 17, and the first measurement scale 15 and the second measurement scale 19 have the same specifications and indicating positions.This structure can quickly position the plastic block 8 through the 0 scale position of the second measuring scale 19. The moving distance of the plastic block 8 after being pushed by the roller 7 can be read from both the first measuring scale 15 and the second measuring scale 19.

[0025] Working principle: When using this experimental device for converting the energy of a moving object, first in a teaching experiment, an impact experiment is carried out through the main body 1 of the experimental device to explore the relationship between the energy magnitude of a moving object and its moving speed. The main body 1 of the experimental device is stabilized through the support structure composed of the fixing plate 2 and the fixed box plate 3. The support plate 9 plays an auxiliary supporting role to ensure that the main body 1 of the experimental device is placed on a horizontal plane. The nameplate 6 marks the experimental information so that students can understand the experimental purpose. Place the plastic block 8 on the track 16, and make the bottom protrusion of the T-shaped structure of the plastic block 8 be stuck in the track groove 17. The precise positioning of the plastic block 8 is carried out by the 0 scale of the second measuring scale 19. The roller 7 is fixed at the position of the first electromagnetic control point 10, the second electromagnetic control point 11 or the third electromagnetic control point 12. By turning on the power supply of the electromagnet device 18, the roller 7 is attracted and fixed. At the same time, the roller 7 is also stuck in the track groove 17. Turn off the power supply of the electromagnet device 18 to release the roller 7. The roller 7 rolls on the arc surface of the track 16. After the roller 7 rolls onto the horizontal plane of the track 16, the infrared timer 4 is connected to the first infrared timer measuring probe 13 and the second infrared timer measuring probe 14 through the connecting wire bundle 5 to measure the time taken for the roller 7 to pass through the first infrared timer measuring probe 13 and the second infrared timer measuring probe 14, providing data support for judging the moving speed of the roller 7. After the roller 7 hits the plastic block 8, it pushes the plastic block 8 to move on the horizontal plane. After the plastic block 8 stops moving, the moving distance of the plastic block 8 is measured through the first measuring scale 15 and the second measuring scale 19. Through experimental exploration, students find that the moving speeds of the roller 7 released from different heights are different, and the magnitudes of the energies are also different. The change in the sliding distance of the plastic block 8 after being hit is an intuitive presentation of the change in the energy magnitude of the moving roller 7, successfully helping students construct the scientific concept that "a moving object has energy, and the greater the speed, the greater the energy", thus completing a series of work.

[0026] Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, for those skilled in the art, they can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or perform equivalent replacements for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An experimental device for converting the energy of a moving object, comprising a main body (1) of the experimental device, characterized in that: On the main body (1) of the experimental device, there is a track (16), and an infrared timer (4) and an electromagnet device (18) are also installed on the main body (1) of the experimental device. The track (16) is composed of a vertical arc surface and a horizontal plane, and a track groove (17) with a consistent depth is provided at the upper end of the track (16). Fixing plates (2) and fixed box plates (3) are respectively connected to both sides of the track (16), and a roller (7) and a plastic block (8) are placed on the track (16). The electromagnet device (18) is provided with a first electromagnetic control point (10), a second electromagnetic control point (11), and a third electromagnetic control point (12) at intervals on the arc surface of the track (16). The infrared timer (4) is electrically provided with a connection wire bundle (5), and a first infrared timer measurement probe (13) and a second infrared timer measurement probe (14) are installed at the end of the connection wire bundle (5). A second measurement scale (19) and a first measurement scale (15) are respectively provided at the upper end of the track (16) and the side surface of the fixed box plate (3).

2. The experimental device for converting the energy of a moving object according to claim 1, wherein: A nameplate (6) is adhesively fixed to the outer side surface of the fixing plate (2), and support plates (9) are symmetrically adhesively fixed to the outer side surface of the fixing plate (2). The infrared timer (4) is installed on the fixing plate (2) by screws, and the connection wire bundle (5) penetrates through the fixing plate (2) and then communicates into the fixed box plate (3).

3. The experimental device for energy conversion of a moving object according to claim 1, wherein: The roller (7) corresponds to the first electromagnetic control point (10), the second electromagnetic control point (11), and the third electromagnetic control point (12) respectively, and the roller (7) is magnetically coupled with the first electromagnetic control point (10), the second electromagnetic control point (11), and the third electromagnetic control point (12) respectively, and the roller (7) is stuck in the track groove (17).

4. An experimental device for converting the energy of a moving object according to claim 1, characterized in that: The plastic block (8) has a T-shaped structure, and the bottom of the plastic block (8) is movably stuck in the track groove (17).

5. The experimental device for energy conversion of a moving object according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first infrared timer measurement probe (13) and the second infrared timer measurement probe (14) are snap-fitted and installed on the fixed box plate (3), and the first infrared timer measurement probe (13) and the second infrared timer measurement probe (14) are located above the horizontal plane of the track (16).

6. The experimental device for energy conversion of a moving object according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second measurement scale (19) is symmetrically located on both sides of the track groove (17), and the first measurement scale (15) and the second measurement scale (19) have the same specifications and indicating positions.

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