Movable grain dryer
By introducing grain feed structure and breathable structure into the grain dryer, the problem of unreasonable hot air circulation path is solved, and efficient and uniform grain drying effect is achieved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202422144014.2
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-09-02
- Publication Date
- 2025-07-29
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-09-02
AI Technical Summary
The hot air circulation path of the existing movable grain dryer is unreasonable, resulting in low thermal energy utilization and insufficient drying efficiency.
A grain dryer including a grain delivery structure, a air supply structure and a breathable structure is designed. The air supply structure blows hot air into the drying bin at all angles through the inner cylinder and the air inlet cylinder. The breathable structure forms a breathable space between the grain and the inner wall of the drying bin, forming a hot air circulation channel from the middle to the outside to ensure uniform drying of the grain.
It improves the thermal energy utilization rate and drying efficiency, and ensures the drying uniformity and quality of grain in various places in the drying warehouse.
Smart Images
Figure CN223157832U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of grain dryers, in particular to a movable grain dryer. Background Art
[0002] Grain dryers play a huge role in the process of grain production and are widely used equipment. Grain dryers can be divided into fixed and movable types from the aspect of mobility. Fixed grain dryers are huge in size and are generally directly fixed on the ground during installation and can only be used at the installation site. They can dry a large amount of grain at one time and are suitable for large grain manufacturers. Movable grain dryers are smaller in size and more compact in design, and are suitable for families, rural cooperatives and small agricultural product processing enterprises.
[0003] The working principle of the existing movable grain dryer mainly realizes grain drying through ventilation and hot air circulation. Specifically, hot air is sent into the drying bin, and heat exchange is carried out with the grain to evaporate the moisture in the grain. The evaporated moisture will then be discharged from the drying bin, thereby achieving the purpose of drying the grain.
[0004] However, due to the small size of such equipment and the relatively simple internal structure, there are often defects in the passing path of hot air, and the contact between hot air and grain is insufficient, resulting in low overall thermal energy utilization rate of the equipment, which needs to be improved. Summary of the Utility Model
[0005] In order to overcome some deficiencies of the prior art, the purpose of the utility model is to provide a movable grain dryer, whose hot air circulation path is more reasonable, the thermal energy utilization rate is higher, and the drying efficiency is also higher.
[0006] The purpose of the utility model is realized by adopting the following technical scheme:
[0007] A movable grain dryer includes a drying bin, the drying bin is hollow, and a grain conveying structure, a air supply structure and a ventilation structure are arranged therein;
[0008] The grain conveying structure is used to convey grain from the lower end to the upper end of the drying bin;
[0009] The air supply structure includes an inner cylinder, an air inlet cylinder and a cylinder top. The inner cylinder is hollow, and air inlets and a plurality of ventilation holes are formed in the side wall of the inner cylinder; one end of the air inlet cylinder is communicated with the air inlet, and the other end passes through the drying bin and is communicated with the outside; the cylinder top is in a pointed and inclined shape and covers the upper end of the inner cylinder;
[0010] The ventilation structure includes a ventilation plate, and a plurality of ventilation holes are formed in the ventilation plate. The ventilation plate is installed around the inner wall of the drying bin, and there is a ventilation space between the ventilation plate and the inner wall of the drying bin.
[0011] In some of these embodiments, a plurality of air-permeable plates are provided, and the cross-section of each air-permeable plate is in the shape of "[", with the cross-section opening facing the inner wall of the drying bin for installation.
[0012] In some of these embodiments, at least one of the upper and lower ends of the air-permeable plate is open, so that the air-permeable space communicates with the inner space of the drying bin from the upper end and / or the lower end.
[0013] In some of these embodiments, air-permeable holes are provided on the long sides of the cross-section of the air-permeable plate, and no air-permeable holes are provided on the two short sides.
[0014] In some of these embodiments, the air-permeable plates are strip-shaped, and all the air-permeable plates are arranged vertically around the inner wall of the drying bin at uniform intervals.
[0015] In some of these embodiments, the inner cylinder is cylindrical, the top of the cylinder is conical, and the outer diameter of the outer edge of the top of the cylinder is greater than the diameter of the inner cylinder.
[0016] In some of these embodiments, the upper end opening of the inner cylinder is covered by the top of the cylinder, the lower end of the inner cylinder is sealed, and a plurality of the ventilation holes are provided.
[0017] In some of these embodiments, the grain conveying structure includes a feed pipe, a grain conveying pipe, a grain conveying auger, and a discharge pipe. The feed pipe is installed at the bottom of the drying bin; the grain conveying pipe is vertically fixed inside the drying bin and both ends are communicated with the inside of the drying bin; the grain conveying auger is installed inside the grain conveying pipe; one end of the discharge pipe is communicated with the grain conveying pipe, and one end passes through the drying bin to communicate with the outside.
[0018] In some of these embodiments, the inner cylinder is arranged in the center of the drying bin, the grain conveying pipe is sleeved inside the inner cylinder and the top of the cylinder, and the central axes of the drying bin, the grain conveying pipe, the inner cylinder, and the top of the cylinder coincide.
[0019] In some of these embodiments, the drying bin includes a cylindrical part and a conical part. The lower end of the cylindrical part is connected to the conical part, and the air-permeable structure is installed on the inner wall of the cylindrical part.
[0020] The beneficial effects of the embodiments of the present utility model at least include:
[0021] This portable grain dryer uses a drying bin as the main drying space. The grain conveying structure transports the grain from small to large, and after the grain falls to the bottom, it can be transported up again, forming a cycle. During the grain circulation process, the air inlet of the air supply structure draws in hot air from the outside (usually a hot air furnace), which then enters the inner drum. Then, through multiple ventilation holes on the side wall of the inner drum, it is blown into the drying bin from multiple angles and in all directions. The larger the inner drum, the more complete the contact with the grain inside, and the higher the drying efficiency. More importantly, this solution also solves the problem of uneven drying caused by the position of the drying bin wall farthest from the hot air source of the air supply structure, the lowest temperature, and the least airflow. The specific solution is to set a ventilation structure on the inner wall of the drying bin. When the drying bin is full of grain, the ventilation structure separates the grain and the inner wall of the drying bin into a ventilation space, forming a hot air circulation channel from the middle to the outside of the drying drum. Grain far away from the middle air supply structure can also be dried well, and the drying degree of grain in the entire drying bin is more uniform, thereby improving drying efficiency and quality. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of a movable grain dryer in the present invention. Figure 1 ;
[0023] Figure 2 This is a front view of the breathable plate of the present invention;
[0024] Figure 3 for Figure 2 A partial enlarged view of point A in the middle;
[0025] Figure 4 for Figure 3 Schematic cross-sectional view at the middle BB;
[0026] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of a movable grain dryer according to the present invention, viewed from above;
[0027] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of a movable grain dryer in the present invention. Figure 2 ;
[0028] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the external structure of the front of a movable grain dryer of the present invention.
[0029] Description of reference numerals:
[0030] Drying bin 1, cylindrical part 11, conical part 12, grain inlet pipe 21, grain conveying pipe 22, grain conveying auger 23, grain outlet pipe 24, grain inlet auger 25, grain conveying structure 2, air supply structure 3, inner cylinder 31, ventilation holes 311, air inlet cylinder 32, cylinder top 33, air permeable structure 4, air permeable plate 41, air permeable holes 411, retaining edge 412, long side 413, short side 414, material level sensor 5, axial flow fan 6. Detailed implementation manners
[0031] Next, in combination with the accompanying drawings and specific implementation manners, the present utility model will be further described. It should be noted that, on the premise of no conflict, the following-described embodiments or technical features can be combined arbitrarily to form new embodiments.
[0032] In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as a limitation to the present application.
[0033] The terms "first" and "second" are only used for descriptive purposes, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the quantity of the indicated technical features. Thus, the features defined with "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of such features. In the description of the present application, unless otherwise stated, the meaning of "a plurality" is two or more.
[0034] It should be noted that when an element is referred to as being "fixed to" another element, it can be directly on the other element, or there may also be a central element. When an element is considered to be "connected" to another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or there may be a central element.
[0035] Unless otherwise defined, all technical terms and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by those skilled in the technical field to which the present utility model belongs. The terms used in the description of the present utility model herein are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments, and are not intended to limit the present utility model. The term "and / or" used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more of the related listed items.
[0036] Reference Figure 1As shown in the figure, this embodiment provides a movable grain dryer, which includes a drying bin 1. The drying bin 1 is the main drying space. The drying bin 1 is hollow, and a grain conveying structure 2, a air supply structure 3 and a ventilation structure 4 are arranged therein;
[0037] The grain conveying structure 2 is used to convey grains from the lower end to the upper end of the drying bin 1. After the grains fall to the bottom, they can be conveyed up again to form a cycle;
[0038] The air supply structure 3 includes an inner cylinder 31, an air inlet cylinder 32 and a cylinder top 33. The inner cylinder 31 is hollow. An air inlet and a plurality of ventilation holes 311 are formed on the side wall of the inner cylinder 31; One end of the air inlet cylinder 32 is communicated with the air inlet, and the other end passes through the drying bin 1 and is communicated with the outside; The cylinder top 33 is in a pointed and inclined shape and covers the upper end of the inner cylinder 31; During the process of grain circulation, hot air is introduced into the air inlet cylinder 32 of the air supply structure 3 from the outside (generally a hot blast stove), then enters the inner cylinder 31, and then is blown into the drying bin 1 from multiple angles and in all directions through the plurality of ventilation holes 311 on the side wall of the inner cylinder 31. The larger the inner cylinder 31 is, the more fully it contacts the internal grains, and the higher the drying efficiency is.
[0039] The ventilation structure 4 includes a ventilation plate 41. A plurality of ventilation holes 411 ( Figure 1 omitted in the figure) are provided on the ventilation plate 41. The ventilation plate 41 is installed around the inner wall of the drying bin 1, and there is a ventilation space 42 between the ventilation plate 41 and the inner wall of the drying bin 1. This solution solves the problem that the temperature is the lowest and the air flow is the least at the position of the bin wall of the drying bin 1 farthest from the hot air source of the air supply structure 3, which in turn affects the drying uniformity. When the drying bin 1 is filled with grains, the ventilation structure 4 separates a ventilation space 42 between the grains and the inner wall of the drying bin 1, and a hot air circulation channel from the middle to the outside can be formed inside the drying cylinder. The grains far from the air supply structure 3 in the middle can also be dried well, and the drying degree of the grains at all parts inside the entire drying bin 1 is more uniform, and the drying efficiency and quality are both improved.
[0040] The main working principle of the ventilation structure 4 is to separate the inner wall of the drying bin 1 from the grains with a breathable plate. There are various structures that can achieve this. For example, a breathable inner bin can be directly set, and the ventilation space 42 is between the inner bin wall and the outer bin wall. The inner bin wall is entirely composed of the ventilation plate 41. However, this structure is not suitable for the case of a large amount of internal grains. When the weight of the internal grains is too large, it is easy to deform. Therefore, as a preferred solution of the present invention, a plurality of ventilation plates 41 are provided. The cross section of each ventilation plate 41 is in the shape of "[", and the cross section opening faces the inner wall of the drying bin 1 for installation. The ventilation plate 41 of this structure is simple to manufacture, and is convenient for installation, maintenance and cleaning. Moreover, the single ventilation plate 41 has higher structural strength, better load-bearing capacity and is not easy to deform.
[0041] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, at least one of the upper and lower ends of the air permeable plate 41 is open, so that the air permeable space 42 is connected to the interior space of the drying chamber 1 from the upper and / or lower ends. When both the upper and lower ends of the air permeable plate 41 are open, the air permeable space 42 is connected from top to bottom, and the exchange of hot air with the air inside the air permeable space 42 is smoother and more thorough.
[0042] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the long sides 413 of the ventilation plate 41 are provided with ventilation holes 411, while the short sides 414 are not provided with ventilation holes 411. The long sides 413 are relatively long and do not constitute the primary load-bearing components of the mounting support, making them suitable for ventilation holes 411 for continuous ventilation and heat exchange with the grain within the drying bin 1. However, the short sides 414, which are required for mounting on the drying bin 1 and are relatively short, would compromise structural strength and prevent the ventilation plate 41 from being securely mounted.
[0043] As a preferred solution of the present invention, the ventilation plate 41 is in the shape of a long strip to ensure ventilation from top to bottom. All the ventilation plates 41 are evenly spaced vertically around the inner wall of the drying chamber 1, almost filling up the entire drying chamber 1. The evenly spaced distribution makes the ventilation spaces 42 at various locations evenly distributed, thereby making the drying effect at various locations consistent and improving the drying uniformity. Figures 2 to 5 As shown, a retaining edge 412 is provided above the air vent 411, and the retaining edge 412 extends outwardly from top to bottom, so that the opening direction of the air vent 411 is downward, and the flow direction of the grain is from top to bottom. This type of air vent 411 can avoid the grain from being stuck in when falling while ensuring ventilation, thereby reducing maintenance costs.
[0044] Figure 6 The direction of the arrow in the figure shows the direction of the airflow in the preferred embodiment of the present invention. An axial flow fan 6 is also provided on the top of the drying bin to remove moisture from the dryer and absorb light impurities and dust from the grain. It has the effect of removing moisture and dust, and can also maintain a negative pressure in the drying bin.
[0045] As a preferred solution of the present invention, the inner cylinder 31 is cylindrical, and the cylinder top 33 is conical. The outer edge diameter of the cylinder top 33 is larger than the diameter of the inner cylinder 31. The outer edge of the cylinder top 33 forms a structure similar to an eaves. When the food falls, it first passes through the cylinder top 33 and then slides down. It will not directly contact the cylinder wall of the inner cylinder 31 from top to bottom. Therefore, no matter what structure the ventilation hole 311 on the inner cylinder 31 is, it is not easily blocked by the falling food.
[0046] As a preferred embodiment of the present utility model, the upper end opening of the inner cylinder 31 is covered by the cylinder top 33, the lower end of the inner cylinder 31 is sealed and provided with a plurality of ventilation holes 311. The sealed lower end of the inner cylinder 31 can support the entire cylinder, which is more stable than the structure with an open lower end, not easily deformed, and the ventilation holes 311 provided at the lower end also ensure the ventilation effect and will not cause too much impact on drying.
[0047] As a preferred embodiment of the present utility model, the grain conveying structure 2 includes a feed pipe 21, a grain conveying pipe 22, a grain conveying auger 23 and a discharge pipe 24. The feed pipe 21 is installed at the bottom of the drying bin 1 for feeding grain from the bottom of the drying bin 1; the grain conveying pipe 22 is vertically fixed inside the drying bin 1 and both ends are communicated with the inside of the drying bin 1; the grain conveying auger 23 is installed inside the grain conveying pipe 22. When the grain enters the drying bin 1 from the bottom of the drying bin 1, the grain conveying auger 23 starts to work to transport the grain at the bottom along the grain conveying pipe 22 to the upper part, and then sends it out from the upper end of the grain conveying pipe 22 and falls back into the drying bin 1. After the grain conveying is completed, the grain conveying auger 23 continues to work to make the grain form a cycle inside, as Figure 6 shown by the arrow in the figure, which is the flow route of the grain in the drying bin 1; one end of the discharge pipe 24 is communicated with the grain conveying pipe 22, and one end passes through the drying bin 1 and is communicated with the outside, for directly sending the dried grain out of the drying bin 1 from the grain conveying pipe 22 to avoid the grain being sent back to the drying bin 1. A switch is also provided on the discharge pipe 24, which is closed when no grain discharge is required; when grain discharge is required, the switch is opened and the grain can flow out from the discharge pipe 24. As a preferred embodiment of the present utility model, ventilation holes 311 are also provided on the side wall of the grain conveying pipe 22, so that the grain can also contact the hot air during the transportation by the conveying auger and be dried immediately.
[0048] Preferably, a feed auger 25 is further provided inside the feed pipe 21 to convey the grain from the feed pipe 21 into the drying bin 1. A level sensor 5 is also provided inside the drying bin 1. When the grain accumulates to the sensing position of the level sensor 5, the feed auger 25 will be controlled to stop feeding to ensure that the amount of grain in the drying bin 1 is within a reasonable range.
[0049] As a preferred embodiment of the present utility model, the inner cylinder 31 is arranged in the center of the drying bin 1, the grain conveying pipe 22 is sleeved inside the inner cylinder 31 and the cylinder top 33, and the central axes of the drying bin 1, the grain conveying pipe 22, the inner cylinder 31 and the cylinder top 33 coincide. The structure with the coincidence of the four central axes ensures that the heat source is in the center and the feeding position is also in the center, and the grain falling after transportation can start from the center and evenly spread around, achieving the best uniform drying effect.
[0050] As a preferred embodiment of the present utility model, the drying bin 1 includes a cylindrical part 11 and a conical part 12. The lower end of the cylindrical part 11 is connected to the conical part 12, and the ventilation structure 4 is installed on the inner wall of the cylindrical part 11. The shape of the cylindrical part 11 is relatively regular. The ventilation plate 41 only needs the simplest straight plate strip shape to cooperate with it, and it is easy to manufacture and install. Moreover, the volume of the conical part 12 is not large, and the grain here will soon be conveyed away by the grain conveyor 23, and it is not easy to accumulate grain itself. Therefore, even if the ventilation plate 41 is not provided, the drying effect here will not be too bad.
[0051] The above-mentioned embodiments are only the preferred embodiments of the present utility model, and the protection scope of the present utility model cannot be limited thereby. Any non-substantial changes and substitutions made by those skilled in the art based on the present utility model fall within the protection scope required by the present utility model.
Claims
1. A movable grain dryer, characterized in that, It includes a drying bin, which is hollow and is provided with a grain conveying structure, a air supply structure and a ventilation structure therein; The grain conveying structure is used to convey grains from the lower end to the upper end of the drying bin; The air supply structure includes an inner cylinder, an air inlet cylinder and a cylinder top. The inner cylinder is hollow, and air inlets and a plurality of ventilation holes are formed in the side wall of the inner cylinder; One end of the air inlet cylinder is communicated with the air inlet, and the other end passes through the drying bin and is communicated with the outside; The cylinder top is in a pointed and inclined shape and covers the upper end of the inner cylinder; The ventilation structure includes a ventilation plate, and a plurality of ventilation holes are provided on the ventilation plate. The ventilation plate is installed around the inner wall of the drying bin, and there is a ventilation space between the ventilation plate and the inner wall of the drying bin.
2. The grain dryer according to claim 1, characterized in that, There are multiple ventilation plates, and the cross section of each ventilation plate is in the shape of "[", and the cross section opening faces the inner wall of the drying bin for installation.
3. The grain dryer according to claim 2, wherein, At least one end of the upper and lower ends of the ventilation plate is in an open state, so that the ventilation space is communicated with the internal space of the drying bin from the upper end and / or the lower end.
4. The grain dryer according to claim 3, characterized in that, Ventilation holes are provided on the long side of the cross section of the ventilation plate, and no ventilation holes are provided on the two short sides.
5. The grain dryer according to claim 2, characterized in that, The ventilation plate is in a long strip shape, and all the ventilation plates are vertically arranged around the inner wall of the drying bin at equal intervals.
6. The grain dryer according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inner cylinder is cylindrical, the cylinder top is conical, and the outer diameter of the cylinder top is larger than the diameter of the inner cylinder.
7. The grain dryer according to claim 6, wherein, The upper end opening of the inner cylinder is covered by the cylinder top, and the lower end of the inner cylinder is sealed and provided with a plurality of the ventilation holes.
8. The grain dryer according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that, The grain conveying structure includes a feed pipe, a grain conveying pipe, a grain conveying auger and a discharge pipe. The feed pipe is installed at the bottom of the drying bin; The grain conveying pipe is vertically fixed inside the drying bin and is communicated with the inside of the drying bin at both ends; The grain conveying auger is installed inside the grain conveying pipe; One end of the discharge pipe is communicated with the grain conveying pipe, and the other end passes through the drying bin and is communicated with the outside.
9. The grain dryer according to claim 8, characterized in that, The inner cylinder is arranged in the center of the drying bin, the grain conveying pipe is sleeved inside the inner cylinder and the cylinder top, and the central axes of the drying bin, the grain conveying pipe, the inner cylinder and the cylinder top coincide.
10. The grain dryer according to claim 9, characterized in that, The drying bin includes a cylindrical part and a conical part. The lower end of the cylindrical part is connected to the conical part, and the ventilation structure is installed on the inner wall of the cylindrical part.