Hard and wide guide rail for high-speed fast movement of machine tool feed shaft

Abstract

The utility model discloses a hard and wide guide rail for high-speed fast movement of a machine tool feed shaft, which comprises a base frame, a guide rail arranged on the base frame, a sliding seat arranged on the guide rail in a sliding manner, limiting spokes symmetrically arranged on a bearing surface of the guide rail, limiting grooves symmetrically arranged on the sliding seat, and the limiting spokes are in sliding fit with the limiting grooves. Guide sliding rollers distributed in a linear array mode are rotationally arranged on the first side face of the sliding base, and the sliding base is driven to slide along the limiting spokes so that the guide sliding rollers can abut against the bearing face of the guide rail to roll. According to the hard and wide guide rail for the high-speed fast movement of the machine tool feed shaft, the sliding guide roller abuts against the bearing face of the guide rail to roll so as to reduce sliding friction force between the sliding seat and the guide rail, and then heat generated in the moving process of the sliding seat is reduced; the problem that the guide rail is deformed and damaged due to heat accumulation generated in the high-speed moving process of the sliding seat is avoided, and then part of sliding friction force between the guide sliding roller and the sliding seat and the guide rail is converted into rolling friction force, so that the sliding stability of the sliding seat is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of machine tool guide rails, and particularly to a hard wide guide rail for high-speed rapid traverse of a machine tool feed shaft. Background Art

[0002] The machine tool guide rail is an important component on a numerically controlled machine tool, which is used to provide sliding support and guiding functions, enabling components such as the workbench and tool rest on the machine tool to move smoothly thereon, ensuring the accuracy and stability of the machine tool. The quality and accuracy of the guide rail directly affect the machining accuracy and efficiency of the machine tool.

[0003] According to the utility model patent with the publication number CN221658584U and the publication date: September 6, 2024, a numerically controlled machine tool guide rail device is disclosed, which includes: a fixing plate is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the guide rail device, a retractable protective cover is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the fixing plate, a slider is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the retractable protective cover, a cleaning block is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the slider, an installation groove is arranged on the outer surface of the cleaning block, a fixing rod is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the installation groove, and a motor is fixedly connected to one end of the fixing rod. The debris on the slide rail is blown away by the fan blade, and then the cleaning block is used to wipe off the oil stain, preventing the accumulation of debris and oil stain on the slide rail, reducing friction and wear, making the slider move more smoothly during the movement process, and the machining efficiency will also be improved; lubricating oil is sprayed by an oil injector, and then spread evenly by a spreading block, and the spread lubricating oil is protected by a retractable protective cover to prevent the intrusion of external dust and debris, ensuring that the lubricating oil can fully lubricate the surface of the slide rail and provide a lasting lubricating effect.

[0004] In the prior art including the above-mentioned patent, the slider is slidably arranged on the slide rail, and the feeding movement of the feed shaft is realized by the sliding of the slider on the slide rail. However, in the guide rail of a high-speed machine tool, the hardness is relatively high and the width is relatively wide. During the machining operation, the moving speed of the machine tool slider relative to the slide rail is relatively large, and thus more heat is easily generated due to the sliding friction between the slider and the slide rail, and finally heat accumulation is likely to occur on the slide rail, resulting in deformation and damage of the slide rail. Summary of the Utility Model

[0005] The purpose of the utility model is to provide a hard wide guide rail for high-speed rapid traverse of a machine tool feed shaft to solve the above problems.

[0006] To achieve the above purpose, the utility model provides the following technical solution: a hard wide guide rail for high-speed rapid traverse of a machine tool feed shaft, including a base frame on which a guide rail is arranged, a sliding seat is slidably arranged on the guide rail, limiting spokes are symmetrically arranged on the supporting surface of the guide rail, limiting grooves are symmetrically opened on the sliding seat, the limiting spokes are in sliding fit with the limiting grooves, and guide rollers arranged in a linear array are rotatably arranged on the first side surface of the sliding seat, and the sliding seat is driven to slide along the limiting spokes so that the guide rollers abut against the supporting surface of the guide rail and roll.

[0007] Preferably, contact portions are provided at both ends of the guide roller, and an inclined annular surface that abuts against the inclined side surface of the limiting spoke is provided on the contact portion. The guide roller abuts against the guide rail supporting surface and rolls so that the inclined annular surface rolls and contacts the inclined side surface of the limiting spoke.

[0008] Preferably, a plurality of groups of capillary holes are symmetrically formed in the sliding seat. The first end of the capillary hole communicates with the limiting groove and vertically faces the top of the limiting spoke, and the second end of the capillary hole communicates with the first side surface of the sliding seat and vertically faces the surface of the guide roller.

[0009] Preferably, a mounting seat is arranged in the sliding seat, and a first abutting wheel and a second abutting wheel are rotatably arranged on the mounting seat in a synchronous and reverse manner. The first abutting wheel and the second abutting wheel are distributed at intervals with respect to the guide roller, and the first abutting wheel and the second abutting wheel respectively abut against the guide roller.

[0010] Preferably, the mounting seat is vertically slidably arranged on the sliding seat. An air bag member, a movable plate and an elastic member are sequentially arranged vertically in the sliding seat. The air bag member is inflated and expanded to push the movable plate and the elastic member to move so that the mounting seat moves vertically downward, and the first abutting wheel and the second abutting wheel slide along with the mounting seat to squeeze and lock the guide roller.

[0011] Preferably, a flexible contact member that abuts against the inclined side surface of the limiting spoke is provided at the end of the contact portion.

[0012] Preferably, it further includes a transmission gear shaft and a synchronous belt. The transmission gear shaft is rotatably arranged in the mounting seat and is coupled to the first connection portion of the first abutting wheel, and the synchronous belt is synchronously sleeved on the transmission gear shaft and the second connection portion of the second abutting wheel.

[0013] In the above technical solution, a hard wide guide rail for high-speed rapid movement of a machine tool feed shaft provided by the present utility model has the following beneficial effects: The guide roller abuts against the supporting surface of the guide rail and rolls to reduce the sliding friction between the sliding seat and the guide rail, thereby reducing the heat generated during the movement of the sliding seat, avoiding the problem of deformation and damage of the guide rail caused by accumulated heat during the high-speed movement of the sliding seat. Secondly, part of the sliding friction between the guide roller, the sliding seat and the guide rail is converted into rolling friction, improving the sliding stability of the sliding seat. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0014] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments recorded in the present utility model. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings.

[0015] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the overall structure provided by the embodiment of the present utility model;

[0016] Figure 2 Schematic cross-sectional view of the overall horizontal structure provided by the embodiment of the present utility model;

[0017] Figure 3 Schematic cross-sectional view of the overall longitudinal structure provided by the embodiment of the present utility model;

[0018] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the structure of the sliding seat provided by the embodiment of the present utility model;

[0019] Figure 5 Exploded structure diagram of the first contact wheel, the second contact wheel, the guide roller and the mounting seat provided by the embodiment of the present utility model;

[0020] Figure 6 Provided by the embodiment of the present utility model Figure 2 Partial enlarged view at A in

[0021] Figure 7 Provided by the embodiment of the present utility model Figure 2 Partial enlarged view at B in

[0022] Explanation of reference numerals:

[0023] 1. Base frame; 11. Guide rail; 111. Limiting spoke; 2. Sliding seat; 21. Limiting groove; 22. Capillary hole; 3. Guide roller; 31. Contact part; 311. Inclined annular surface; 4. Mounting seat; 51. First contact wheel; 511. First connecting part; 52. Second contact wheel; 521. Second connecting part; 61. Movable plate; 62. Elastic member; 63. Airbag member; 631. Connecting pipe; 71. Transmission gear shaft; 72. Timing belt; 8. Flexible contact member. Detailed implementation manners

[0024] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present disclosure clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present disclosure will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present disclosure. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present disclosure, rather than all of the embodiments. Based on the described embodiments of the present disclosure, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present disclosure.

[0025] As Figures 1-7As shown in the figure, a hard wide guide rail for high-speed rapid movement of a machine tool feed axis includes a base frame 1, on which a guide rail 11 is provided. A slide seat 2 is slidably arranged on the guide rail 11. Limiting spokes 111 are symmetrically arranged on the supporting surface of the guide rail 11. Limiting grooves 21 are symmetrically formed on the slide seat 2. The limiting spokes 111 are in sliding fit with the limiting grooves 21. Guide rollers 3 distributed in a linear array are rotatably arranged on the first side surface of the slide seat 2. The slide seat 2 is driven to slide along the limiting spokes 111 so that the guide rollers 3 abut against the supporting surface of the guide rail 11 and roll.

[0026] Specifically, as Figure 1 shown, limiting spokes 111 are symmetrically arranged on the guide rail 11 of the base frame 1, and as Figure 4 shown, limiting grooves 21 are symmetrically formed on the slide seat 2. When the slide seat 2 is slidably arranged on the guide rail 11, the limiting spokes 111 abut against the limiting grooves 21 and slide therein to improve the sliding stability of the slide seat 2. The side surface of the slide seat 2 facing the guide rail 11 is the first side surface, on which a plurality of guide rollers 3 are rotatably arranged. When the slide seat 2 is driven to slide on the guide rail 11, the guide rollers 3 abut against the supporting surface of the guide rail 11 and roll to reduce the sliding friction between the slide seat 2 and the guide rail 11, thereby reducing the heat generated during the movement of the slide seat 2 and avoiding the problem of deformation and damage of the guide rail 11 caused by the accumulated heat generated during the high-speed movement of the slide seat 2. Secondly, part of the sliding friction between the guide rollers 3, the slide seat 2 and the guide rail 11 is converted into rolling friction, improving the sliding stability of the slide seat 2.

[0027] In the above technical solution, the guide rollers 3 abut against the supporting surface of the guide rail 11 and roll to reduce the sliding friction between the slide seat 2 and the guide rail 11, thereby reducing the heat generated during the movement of the slide seat 2 and avoiding the problem of deformation and damage of the guide rail 11 caused by the accumulated heat generated during the high-speed movement of the slide seat 2. Secondly, part of the sliding friction between the guide rollers 3, the slide seat 2 and the guide rail 11 is converted into rolling friction, improving the sliding stability of the slide seat 2.

[0028] As a further embodiment provided by the present utility model, contact portions 31 are arranged at both ends of the guide roller 3. An inclined annular surface 311 that abuts against the inclined side surface of the limiting spoke 111 is arranged on the contact portion 31. The guide roller 3 abuts against the supporting surface of the guide rail 11 and rolls so that the inclined annular surface 311 rolls and contacts the inclined side surface of the limiting spoke 111.

[0029] Specifically, as Figure 5 shown, contact portions 31 are arranged at both ends of the guide roller 3, as Figure 7As shown in the figure, when the slide 2 is slidably assembled on the guide rail 11, the inclined annular surface 311 of the contact portion 31 contacts the inclined side surface of the limiting spoke 111. When the slide 2 is driven to slide on the guide rail 11, the guide roller 3 rolls on the supporting surface of the guide rail 11, and the inclined annular surface 311 of the contact portion 31 also rolls circumferentially and rolls on the inclined side surface of the limiting spoke 111, thereby further improving the sliding stability of the slide 2. And the two contact portions 31 of the guide roller 3 contact between the two limiting spokes 111 to further realize the horizontal limitation of the slide 2, thereby reducing the horizontal jitter generated during the sliding of the slide 2, further improving the feed accuracy of the machine tool, and improving the machining accuracy.

[0030] As a further embodiment provided by the present utility model, a plurality of groups of capillary holes 22 are symmetrically formed on the slide 2. The first end of the capillary hole 22 communicates with the limiting groove 21 and vertically faces the top of the limiting spoke 111, and the second end of the capillary hole 22 communicates with the first side surface of the slide 2 and vertically faces the surface of the guide roller 3.

[0031] Specifically, as Figure 2 shown, the first end of the capillary hole 22 communicates with the limiting groove 21, and the second end communicates with the first side surface of the slide 2 and vertically faces the surface of the guide roller 3. Since the guide rail 11 needs to be lubricated during the operation of the machine tool, the lubricating oil is sprayed on the supporting surface of the guide rail 11 and is easily accumulated between the two limiting spokes 111. When the slide 2 is driven to slide on the guide rail 11, the guide roller 3 is driven to contact the supporting surface of the guide rail 11 and rotate and roll. The outside of the first end of the capillary hole 22 is the limiting spoke 111, and the outside of the second end of the capillary hole 22 is the rolling guide roller 3. The moving speed of the object at the opening of the second end of the capillary hole 22 is greater than the moving speed at the opening of the first end. Therefore, due to the surface tension of the liquid in the capillary hole 22 and the liquid flow rate difference outside the second end of the capillary hole 22, the oil in the capillary hole 22 is easily discharged to the second end opening and drips onto the guide roller 3, so that the lubricating oil wets the surface of the guide roller 3. Moreover, due to the certain suction force generated at the first end of the capillary hole 22 due to the moving speed difference between the two ends outside, under the action of the pressure difference and the surface tension of the liquid, the lubricating oil between the two limiting spokes 111 is easily moved along the surface of the guide roller 3 and the first side surface of the slide 2 to the surface of the limiting spoke 111, realizing the lubricating oil between the limiting spokes 111 during the high-speed sliding operation of the slide 2. The movement wets and lubricates the surface of the limiting spoke 111, and improves the service life of the guide rail 11.

[0032] As an embodiment further provided by the present invention, a mounting seat 4 is provided in the slide 2, and a first contact wheel 51 and a second contact wheel 52 are provided on the mounting seat 4 to rotate synchronously in opposite directions. The first contact wheel 51 and the second contact wheel 52 are spaced apart from the guide roller 3, and the first contact wheel 51 and the second contact wheel 52 respectively contact the guide roller 3.

[0033] Specifically, such as Figure 3 As shown, the mounting seat 4 is provided with a first contact wheel 51 and a second contact wheel 52 that rotate synchronously in opposite directions, and the first contact wheel 51 and the second contact wheel 52 are spaced apart from the three guide rollers 3, and the first contact wheel 51 is synchronously in contact with the surfaces of the guide rollers 3 on the left and the middle, and the second contact wheel 52 is synchronously in contact with the surfaces of the guide rollers 3 on the right and the middle. When the slide 2 is located on the guide rail 11 and slides, the lubricating oil between the limiting spokes 111 is difficult to be evenly distributed on the supporting surface of the guide rail 11. Figure 3 As shown in the figure, when the slide 2 is driven to slide to the left, the guide rollers 3 are all subjected to the friction resistance of the supporting surface of the guide rail 11 and rotate counterclockwise. Since the lubricating oil is unevenly distributed on the supporting surface, if the guide roller 3 on the left side is stained with more lubricating oil than the guide roller 3 on the right side, the first contact wheel 51 will slip with the left and middle guide rollers 3 due to the presence of more lubricating oil, and the second contact wheel 52 will contact the middle and right guide rollers 3 and rotate clockwise due to the friction of the guide rollers 3. The second contact wheel 52 is driven to rotate clockwise and drives the first contact wheel 51 to rotate counterclockwise, thereby causing the first contact wheel 51 to rotate to scrape off the lubricating oil liquid stained on the surface of the left and middle guide rollers 3, and as the slide 2 moves, the scraped lubricating oil liquid is adhered to the right guide roller 3, thereby achieving uniform lubrication between the moving front and rear ends of the slide 2, thereby improving the sliding stability of the slide 2 and avoiding the jitter or heating problem of the slide 2 caused by uneven lubrication.

[0034] Secondly, the first contact wheel 51 and the second contact wheel 52 are used to provide rotational resistance to the guide roller 3 according to the amount of oil on the guide roller 3. This can also avoid the problem of increased vertical jitter deviation of the slide 2 caused by resonance of multiple groups of guide rollers 3 during rolling, thereby further improving the sliding stability and service life of the slide 2.

[0035] Furthermore, it also includes a transmission gear shaft 71 and a synchronous belt 72. The transmission gear shaft 71 is rotatably set in the mounting seat 4 and is coupled with the first connecting portion 511 of the first contact wheel 51. The synchronous belt 72 is synchronously sleeved on the transmission gear shaft 71 and the second connecting portion 521 of the second contact wheel 52. The transmission gear shaft 71 and the synchronous belt 72 set in the mounting seat 4 are used to realize the synchronous reverse rotation of the first contact wheel 51 and the second contact wheel 52, thereby improving the movement stability of the first contact wheel 51 and the second contact wheel 52.

[0036] As a further embodiment provided by the present utility model, the mounting base 4 is vertically slidably arranged on the sliding base 2. Inside the sliding base 2, an airbag member 63, a movable plate 61 and an elastic member 62 are sequentially arranged vertically. The airbag member 63 is inflated and expanded to push the movable plate 61 and the elastic member 62 to move so that the mounting base 4 moves vertically downward, and the first abutting wheel 51 and the second abutting wheel 52 slide along with the mounting base 4 to squeeze the locking guide roller 3.

[0037] Specifically, as Figure 2 shown, a communication pipe 631 communicating with the outside is arranged on the airbag member 63. The airbag member 63 can be inflated through the communication pipe 631. At this time, the airbag member 63 pushes the movable plate 61 and the elastic member 62 to drive the mounting base 4 to slide vertically close to the guide rail 11. At this time, the first abutting wheel 51 and the second abutting wheel 52 slide along with the mounting base 4 to increase the pressure on the guide roller 3. Furthermore, the guide roller 3 is locked by the first abutting wheel 51 and the second abutting wheel 52. When the machine tool performs low-speed but precise feeding, the first abutting wheel 51 and the second abutting wheel 52 can lock the guide roller 3 to further reduce the vertical jitter of the sliding base 2 and improve the feeding accuracy of the sliding base 2.

[0038] Secondly, when the first abutting wheel 51 and the second abutting wheel 52 lock the guide roller 3, the sliding base 2 is driven to slide, so that the guide roller 3 generates sliding friction with the supporting surface of the guide rail 11. The lubricating oil between the two limiting spokes 111 of the guide rail 11 is easily moved and contaminated to the surface of the guide roller 3 due to the sliding friction of the guide roller 3. At this time, the moving speed of the limiting spoke 111 outside the first end of the capillary hole 22 is greater than the moving speed of the surface of the guide roller 3 outside the second end. As a result, the capillary hole 22 can adsorb the lubricating oil on the surface of the guide roller 3 and drive it towards the opening at the first end. Thus, the oil between the limiting spokes 111 flows along the guide roller and the capillary hole 22 to the top of the limiting spokes 111, further realizing the lubrication and cooling of the limiting spokes 111.

[0039] As a further embodiment provided by the present utility model, a flexible contact member 8 abutting against the inclined side surface of the limiting spoke 111 is arranged at the end of the contact portion 31.

[0040] Specifically, as Figure 7 shown, when a flexible contact member 8 abutting against the inclined side surface of the limiting spoke 111 is arranged at the end of the contact portion 31, when the first abutting wheel 51 and the second abutting wheel 52 lock the guide roller 3, the sliding base 2 is driven to slide, so that the guide roller 3 generates sliding friction with the supporting surface of the guide rail 11. At this time, the flexible contact member 8 abuts against the inclined side surface of the limiting spoke 111 and moves to smear the oil transported by the capillary hole 22 on the limiting spoke 111 along the direction of the limiting spoke 111, improving the heat dissipation efficiency and lubrication stability at the limiting spoke 111.

[0041] Only some exemplary embodiments of the present utility model are described above by way of illustration. Undoubtedly, for those of ordinary skill in the art, various modifications can be made to the described embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the present utility model. Therefore, the above drawings and description are illustrative in nature and should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the claims of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A hard wide guide rail for high-speed rapid traverse of a machine tool feed axis, characterized in that, It includes a base frame (1) on which a guide rail (11) is provided. A sliding seat (2) is slidably arranged on the guide rail (11). On the supporting surface of the guide rail (11), limiting spokes (111) are symmetrically arranged. On the sliding seat (2), limiting grooves (21) are symmetrically formed. The limiting spokes (111) are in sliding fit with the limiting grooves (21). On the first side surface of the sliding seat (2), guide rollers (3) distributed in a linear array are rotatably arranged. The sliding seat (2) is driven to slide along the limiting spokes (111) so that the guide rollers (3) abut against the supporting surface of the guide rail (11) and roll.

2. The hard wide guide rail for high-speed rapid traverse of the machine tool feed shaft according to claim 1, characterized in that, At both ends of the guide roller (3), contact parts (31) are provided. On the contact parts (31), inclined annular surfaces (311) abutting against the inclined side surfaces of the limiting spokes (111) are provided. The guide roller (3) abuts against the supporting surface of the guide rail (11) and rolls so that the inclined annular surfaces (311) roll and contact the inclined side surfaces of the limiting spokes (111).

3. The hard wide guide rail for high-speed rapid traverse of a machine tool feed axis according to claim 2, wherein On the sliding seat (2), multiple groups of capillary holes (22) are symmetrically formed. The first end of the capillary hole (22) communicates with the inside of the limiting groove (21) and vertically faces the top of the limiting spoke (111). The second end of the capillary hole (22) communicates with the first side surface of the sliding seat (2) and vertically faces the surface of the guide roller (3).

4. The hard wide guide rail for high-speed rapid traverse of a machine tool feed axis according to claim 3, characterized in that, An installation seat (4) is arranged inside the sliding seat (2). A first abutting wheel (51) and a second abutting wheel (52) are synchronously and reversely rotatably arranged on the installation seat (4). The first abutting wheel (51) and the second abutting wheel (52) are spaced from the guide roller (3), and the first abutting wheel (51) and the second abutting wheel (52) respectively abut against the guide roller (3).

5. The hard wide guide rail for high-speed rapid traverse of a machine tool feed shaft according to claim 4, characterized in that, The installation seat (4) is vertically slidably arranged on the sliding seat (2). Inside the sliding seat (2), an airbag part (63), a movable plate (61) and an elastic part (62) are sequentially vertically arranged. The airbag part (63) is inflated and expands to push the movable plate (61) and the elastic part (62) to move so that the installation seat (4) vertically moves downward, and the first abutting wheel (51) and the second abutting wheel (52) slide along with the installation seat (4) to squeeze and lock the guide roller (3).

6. The hard wide guide rail for high-speed rapid traverse of a machine tool feed shaft according to claim 5, characterized in that, At the end of the contact part (31), a flexible contact part (8) abutting against the inclined side surface of the limiting spoke (111) is provided.

7. The hard wide guide rail for high-speed rapid traverse of a machine tool feed shaft according to claim 4, wherein It further includes a transmission gear shaft (71) and a synchronous belt (72). The transmission gear shaft (71) is rotatably arranged inside the installation seat (4) and is coupled with the first connecting part (511) of the first abutting wheel (51). The synchronous belt (72) is synchronously sleeved on the transmission gear shaft (71) and the second connecting part (521) of the second abutting wheel (52).

Images