Shock absorber with oil discharge valve
By designing oil-discharge valves and valve plates with different flow passage cross-sectional areas in the vibration damper, the problems of slow resetting speed of the piston rod and easy spring loss are solved, and the rapid resetting and service life of the piston rod under large damping forces are achieved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202422535229.7
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-10-21
- Publication Date
- 2025-07-29
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-10-21
AI Technical Summary
When existing shock absorbers require a large damping force, the piston rod reset speed is slow, and the spring is prone to fatigue and loss under high pressure, resulting in a reduced service life.
A vibration absorber with an oil discharge valve is designed. By setting a flow channel with different cross-sectional areas on the valve plate, the oil flow rate is slowed down when the piston rod is retracted and the speed is accelerated when it extends. The reciprocating movement of the valve plate is used to adjust the flow area to avoid spring fatigue and loss.
On the premise of ensuring the damping force, the reset speed of the piston rod is improved, the service life of the shock absorber is extended, and the spring fatigue loss is avoided.
Smart Images
Figure CN223164929U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of shock absorbers, in particular to a shock absorber with an oil discharge valve. Background Art
[0002] The shock absorber relies on hydraulic damping to buffer and decelerate the object acting on it until it stops, playing a certain degree of protective role. It is applicable to mechanical equipment such as lifting and transportation, elevators, metallurgy, port machinery, and railway vehicles, and its function is a safety buffer device to prevent mechanical damage caused by hard collisions during the working process.
[0003] In the prior art, the retraction and extension speeds of the piston rod of the shock absorber are basically the same. When a large damping force is required, the retraction speed of the piston rod needs to be slowed down, and then the reset speed (i.e., the extension speed) of the piston rod will also be very slow. In order to increase the reset speed, the method of using an internal or external spring is mostly adopted. However, the spring has fatigue loss. When working under high pressure for a long time, the spring is prone to failure, resulting in a reduction in the service life of the shock absorber. Therefore, it is necessary to design a shock absorber that can increase the service life of the oil cylinder and increase the reset speed. Summary of the Utility Model
[0004] In order to solve the technical problems of low service life and slow reset speed of the shock absorber in the prior art, the utility model provides a shock absorber with an oil discharge valve to solve the above problems.
[0005] The technical solution adopted by the utility model to solve its technical problems is: a shock absorber with an oil discharge valve, including a shock absorber and an oil discharge valve. The oil discharge valve includes a valve body, a valve core, and a valve plate located inside the valve body. The valve plate is located at one end of the valve core, and the other end of the valve core is closed. The connection between the cylinder body of the shock absorber and the valve body has a first channel and a second channel. The first channel communicates with a first chamber located at one end of the valve plate and the rodless chamber inside the shock absorber, and the second channel communicates with a second chamber located at the other end of the valve plate and the rod chamber inside the shock absorber. The second chamber is located inside the valve core.
[0006] The valve plate has a first flow channel for hydraulic oil to flow from the first chamber to the second chamber and a second flow channel for hydraulic oil to flow from the second chamber to the first chamber. The cross-sectional area of the second flow channel is larger than that of the first flow channel.
[0007] Further, the valve core is an axially through columnar structure, the valve core is fixed at the outlet inside the valve body, and the outer periphery of the valve core has an opening communicating with the second channel.
[0008] Further, a plug is arranged at the outlet of the valve body, and the plug abuts against the end of the valve core.
[0009] Further, the shock absorber includes a cylinder block, a piston and a piston rod. The piston is fixed to the middle of the piston rod. A rod chamber is formed by the piston, the piston rod and the front end of the cylinder block, and a rodless chamber is formed by the piston, the piston rod and the rear end of the cylinder block. The piston reciprocates within the axial space between the first channel and the second channel.
[0010] Further, the valve plate includes a circular plate and an annular baffle located on the outer periphery of the circular plate. The center of the circular plate has a through hole, and several notches are provided on the outer peripheral surface of the valve plate; one end of the valve core has a first limiting surface and a second limiting surface which are spaced apart and oppositely arranged. The valve plate moves between the first limiting surface and the second limiting surface. The first limiting surface is arranged close to the first chamber. The annular baffle protrudes from the surface of the circular plate towards the direction of the first limiting surface, and the inner diameter of the second limiting surface is smaller than the inner diameter of the notch. The through hole forms a first flow channel, and the through hole and each notch together form a second flow channel.
[0011] Further, one end of the valve core has an axially extending mounting cylinder. The valve plate is located within the mounting cylinder. The outlet inner diameter of the mounting cylinder is larger than the outer diameter of the valve plate. An O-ring is provided at the outlet of the mounting cylinder, and the first limiting surface is located on the O-ring.
[0012] Further, at the center of the interior of the piston rod, a gland is fixed within the piston rod. A spring or a plurality of disc springs are provided between the gland and the rear end of the cylinder block.
[0013] Further, a guide rod is connected to the rear end surface of the cylinder block. The spring or the disc springs are sleeved on the guide rod.
[0014] Further, two guide sleeves are sleeved outside the piston rod. Both of the two guide sleeves are fixed to the cylinder block. The piston reciprocates between the two guide sleeves.
[0015] The beneficial effects of the present utility model are as follows:
[0016] (1) In the present utility model, the oil discharge valve is designed such that the cross-sectional dimensions of the flow channels in two flow directions are not equal, so that the flow rate of the oil during the retraction of the piston rod is slowed down, and the flow rate of the oil during the extension of the piston rod is accelerated, thereby improving the reset speed on the premise of ensuring the magnitude of the damping force.
[0017] (2) In the present utility model, through the reciprocating movement of the valve plate, the notches in the valve plate are closed during the retraction of the piston rod, reducing the flow area, and are opened during the extension of the piston rod, increasing the fluid area. The structure is simple, and there will be no fatigue loss, and the service life is long. Description of the Drawings
[0018] The present utility model will be further described below in conjunction with the drawings and embodiments.
[0019] Figure 1is a half-sectional view of the shock absorber with an oil drain valve according to the present utility model;
[0020] Figure 2 When the piston rod makes a retracting movement, Figure 1 enlarged view at position a in;
[0021] Figure 3 When the piston rod makes an extending movement, Figure 1 enlarged view at position a in;
[0022] Figure 4 is a perspective view of the valve plate in the present utility model;
[0023] Figure 5 is Figure 4 front view of the shown valve plate.
[0024] In the figure, 1. shock absorber, 101. cylinder block, 102. piston, 103. piston rod, 104. gland, 105. disc spring, 106. guide rod, 107. guide sleeve, 2. oil drain valve, 3. valve body, 4. valve core, 401. opening, 402. first limiting surface, 403. second limiting surface, 404. mounting cylinder, 405. O-ring, 5. valve plate, 501. circular plate, 502. annular baffle, 503. through hole, 504. notch, 6. first channel, 7. second channel, 8. plug, 9. rodless cavity, 10. first chamber, 11. rod chamber, 12. second chamber. Specific embodiments
[0025] The following describes in detail the embodiments of the present utility model. The examples of the embodiments are shown in the drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals represent the same or similar elements or elements with the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present utility model and should not be construed as limiting the present utility model.
[0026] Embodiment 1
[0027] As Figures 1 - 3 shown, a shock absorber with an oil drain valve includes a shock absorber 1 and an oil drain valve 2. The oil drain valve 2 includes a valve body 3 and a valve core 4 and a valve plate 5 located inside the valve body 3. The valve plate 5 is located at one end of the valve core 4, and the other end of the valve core 4 is closed. The connection between the cylinder block 101 of the shock absorber 1 and the valve body 3 has a first channel 6 and a second channel 7. The first channel 6 communicates with the first chamber 10 located at one end of the valve plate 5 and the rodless cavity 9 inside the shock absorber 1, and the second channel 7 communicates with the second chamber 12 located at the other end of the valve plate 5 and the rod chamber 11 inside the shock absorber 1. The second chamber 12 is located inside the valve core 4.
[0028] In the initial state, an appropriate amount of hydraulic oil can be introduced into the shock absorber 1. During the working process, the oil discharge valve 2 and the oil circuit in the shock absorber 1 are not connected to the outside world, and the hydraulic oil only flows between the rod chamber 11 and the rodless chamber 9 through the first channel 6, the second channel 7 and the oil discharge valve 2.
[0029] The valve plate 5 serves as a shield between the first chamber 10 and the second chamber 12 and can adjust the mutual flow rate of the fluid between the two chambers. The valve plate 5 is provided with a first flow channel for the hydraulic oil to flow from the first chamber 10 to the second chamber 12 and a second flow channel for the hydraulic oil to flow from the second chamber 12 to the first chamber 10, and the cross-sectional area of the second flow channel is larger than that of the first flow channel.
[0030] The larger the cross-sectional area, the faster the fluid flows. Therefore, the speed of the hydraulic oil flowing from the second chamber 12 to the first chamber 10 is greater than that from the first chamber 10 to the second chamber 12. When the hydraulic oil flows from the second chamber 12 to the first chamber 10, the hydraulic oil will flow from the rod chamber 11 to the rodless chamber 9 with a faster flow rate, that is, the reset speed of the piston rod 103 is faster. On the contrary, the speed of the hydraulic oil flowing from the rodless chamber 9 to the rod chamber 11 is slower, that is, the retraction speed of the piston rod 103 is slower.
[0031] The inner peripheral surface of the valve body 3 is preferably a cylindrical surface, the valve core 4 is an axially penetrating columnar structure, the valve core 4 is fixed at the outlet inside the valve body 3, and the outer periphery of the valve core 4 has an opening 401 communicating with the second channel 7, as Figure 1 and Figure 2 shown. The valve core 4 fits with the inner wall of the valve body 3. Inside the valve body 3, there are only two cavities, namely the second chamber 12 inside the valve core 4 and the first chamber 10 at one end of the valve core 4. In a further design, a plug 8 is provided at the outlet of the valve body 3, and the plug 8 abuts against the end of the valve core 4. The valve body 3 and the valve core 4 are designed into a structure with an opening 401 at one end, and the plug 8 is used to block the ends of both the valve body 3 and the valve core 4 at the same time. During the initial refueling, the valve core 4 can be refueled through the plug 8 without arranging an additional oil circuit on the surface of the cylinder block 101, thus simplifying the manufacturing process of the cylinder block 101.
[0032] The shock absorber 1 generally includes a cylinder block 101, a piston 102 and a piston rod 103. The piston 102 is fixed in the middle of the piston rod 103. The front end of the piston 102, the piston rod 103 and the cylinder block 101 enclose a rod chamber 11, and the rear end of the piston 102, the piston rod 103 and the cylinder block 101 enclose a rodless chamber 9. The piston 102 reciprocates in the axial space between the first channel 6 and the second channel 7. As Figure 1 shown, both the first channel 6 and the second channel 7 penetrate through the cylinder block 101 in the radial direction. The piston 102 is located inside the cylinder block 101 between the first channel 6 and the second channel 7, so that the hydraulic oil flowing into the cylinder block 101 through the first channel 6 or the second channel 7 drives the piston 102 to reciprocate.
[0033] The valve plate 5 moves under the action of oil pressure to change the flow passage area. It should be understood that any structure of the valve plate 5 that can achieve the functions of the present invention belongs to the protection scope of the present invention. The present invention preferably adopts the following structure of the valve plate 5, which includes a circular plate 501 and an annular baffle 502 located on the outer periphery of the circular plate 501. The center of the circular plate 501 has a through hole 503, and several notches 504 are provided on the outer peripheral surface of the valve plate 5; one end of the valve core 4 has a first limiting surface 402 and a second limiting surface 403 that are spaced apart and arranged oppositely. The valve plate 5 moves between the first limiting surface 402 and the second limiting surface 403. The first limiting surface 402 is arranged close to the first chamber 10. The annular baffle 502 protrudes from the surface of the circular plate 501 towards the first limiting surface 402, and the inner diameter of the second limiting surface 403 is smaller than the inner diameter of the notch 504. The through hole 503 forms a first flow passage, and the through hole 503 and each notch 504 together form a second flow passage.
[0034] As Figure 4 and Figure 5 shown, the notch 504 is arc-shaped. The notch 504 penetrates the valve plate 5 axially. The notch 504 can extend to the circular plate 501 or only on the annular baffle 502, but in this case, the notch 504 needs to penetrate the inner surface of the annular baffle 502. The end face of the valve plate 5 facing the second limiting surface 403 is a plane. When the hydraulic oil flows from the first chamber 10 to the second chamber 12, as Figure 2 shown, the valve plate 5 is in contact with the second limiting surface 403 under the action of liquid pressure, and at the same time, the second limiting surface 403 blocks the notch 504. The hydraulic oil can only enter the second chamber 12 through the through hole 503, and the flow area is small; when the hydraulic oil flows from the second chamber 12 to the first chamber 10, as Figure 3 shown, the valve plate 5 is in contact with the first limiting surface 402 under the action of liquid pressure. Due to the protrusion of the annular baffle 502, the first limiting surface 402 cannot block the notch 504 between the end parts of the circular plate 501 and the annular baffle 502. Therefore, the hydraulic oil can not only flow through the through hole 503, but also flow through the notch 504. And the number of notches 504 is large, which can greatly increase the flow area and improve the reset speed of the piston rod 103.
[0035] For the installation of the valve plate 5, in order to facilitate the disassembly of the valve plate 5, one end of the valve core 4 has an axially protruding installation cylinder 404. The valve plate 5 is located inside the installation cylinder 404. The inner diameter of the outlet of the installation cylinder 404 is larger than the outer diameter of the valve plate 5. An O-ring 405 is arranged at the outlet of the installation cylinder 404, and the first limiting surface 402 is located on the O-ring 405. One end of the valve core 4 connected to the installation cylinder 404 forms a second limiting surface 403. A groove for installing the O-ring 405 is arranged on the inner side surface of the outlet of the installation cylinder 404. During installation, first install the valve plate 5 into the installation cylinder 404 from the outlet of the installation cylinder 404, and then install the O-ring 405 into the groove to block and limit the valve plate 5.
[0036] Embodiment Two
[0037] On the basis of the above embodiment, in order to further increase the damping effect, in this embodiment, a gland 104 is fixed inside the piston rod 103, and a spring or a plurality of disc springs 105 are arranged between the gland 104 and the rear end of the cylinder block 101. Disc springs 105 are installed inside the cylinder block 101 in the attached drawings of this embodiment. To prevent the spring or disc springs 105 from tilting, it is preferably that a guide rod 106 is connected to the rear end surface of the cylinder block 101, and the spring or disc springs 105 are sleeved on the guide rod 106. For a cylinder block 101 with a relatively large diameter dimension, the diameter of the spring or disc springs 105 is also relatively large. At this time, the guide rod 106 can be designed as a hollow structure inside.
[0038] Embodiment Three
[0039] On the basis of the above embodiment, two guide sleeves 107 are sleeved outside the piston rod 103, and both guide sleeves 107 are fixed to the cylinder block 101. The piston 102 reciprocates between the two guide sleeves 107. As Figure 1 shown, the stroke of the piston 102 is relatively short, and the end covers of the cylinder block 101 are located at both ends of the cylinder block 101, and the piston 102 cannot be limited for a short stroke. Therefore, it is limited by the two guide sleeves 107 arranged inside. The guide sleeves 107 can be in interference fit with the cylinder block 101 and axially limited by the shaft shoulder.
[0040] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "front", "rear", "inner", "outer", "axial", "radial", etc. is the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings. It is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, it should not be construed as a limitation to the present invention.
[0041] In addition, the terms "first", "second", etc. are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.
[0042] In this specification, the schematic description of the terms does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any one or more embodiments in a suitable manner.
[0043] Based on the above inspiration from the ideal embodiments of the present utility model, through the above description, relevant staff can completely make various changes and modifications without departing from the technical idea of this utility model. The technical scope of this utility model is not limited to the content in the specification, and its technical scope must be determined according to the scope of the claims.
Claims
1. A shock absorber with an oil discharge valve, characterized in that: It includes a shock absorber (1) and an oil discharge valve (2). The oil discharge valve (2) includes a valve body (3), a valve core (4) and a valve plate (5) located inside the valve body (3). The valve plate (5) is located at one end of the valve core (4), and the other end of the valve core (4) is closed. At the connection between the cylinder block (101) of the shock absorber (1) and the valve body (3), there are a first channel (6) and a second channel (7). The first channel (6) communicates with a first chamber (10) located at one end of the valve plate (5) and a rodless chamber (9) inside the shock absorber (1). The second channel (7) communicates with a second chamber (12) located at the other end of the valve plate (5) and a rod chamber (11) inside the shock absorber (1). The second chamber (12) is located inside the valve core (4). The valve plate (5) has a first flow passage for hydraulic oil to flow from the first chamber (10) to the second chamber (12) and a second flow passage for hydraulic oil to flow from the second chamber (12) to the first chamber (10). The cross-sectional area of the second flow passage is larger than that of the first flow passage.
2. The shock absorber (1) with an oil discharge valve (2) according to claim 1, characterized in that: The valve core (4) is a columnar structure with an axial through hole. The valve core (4) is fixed at the outlet inside the valve body (3), and an opening (401) communicating with the second channel (7) is provided on the outer periphery of the valve core (4).
3. The shock absorber (1) with an oil drain valve (2) according to claim 2, characterized in that: A plug (8) is provided at the outlet of the valve body (3), and the plug (8) abuts against the end of the valve core (4).
4. The shock absorber (1) with an oil discharge valve (2) according to claim 1, characterized in that: The shock absorber (1) includes a cylinder block (101), a piston (102) and a piston rod (103). The piston (102) is fixed in the middle of the piston rod (103). The front end of the piston (102), the piston rod (103) and the cylinder block (101) enclose a rod chamber (11), and the rear end of the piston (102), the piston rod (103) and the cylinder block (101) enclose a rodless chamber (9). The piston (102) reciprocates in the axial space between the first channel (6) and the second channel (7).
5. The shock absorber (1) with an oil discharge valve (2) according to claim 1, characterized in that: The valve plate (5) includes a circular plate (501) and an annular baffle (502) located on the outer periphery of the circular plate (501). A through hole (503) is provided at the center of the circular plate (501). A plurality of notches (504) are provided on the outer peripheral surface of the valve plate (5). One end of the valve core (4) has a first limiting surface (402) and a second limiting surface (403) arranged at intervals and oppositely. The valve plate (5) moves between the first limiting surface (402) and the second limiting surface (403). The first limiting surface (402) is arranged close to the first chamber (10). The annular baffle (502) protrudes from the surface of the circular plate (501) towards the first limiting surface (402), and the inner diameter of the second limiting surface (403) is smaller than the inner diameter of the notch (504). The through hole (503) forms the first flow passage, and the through hole (503) and each notch (504) together form the second flow passage.
6. The shock absorber (1) with an oil discharge valve (2) according to claim 5, characterized in that: One end of the valve core (4) has an axially protruding mounting cylinder (404). The valve plate (5) is located inside the mounting cylinder (404). The inner diameter of the outlet of the mounting cylinder (404) is larger than the outer diameter of the valve plate (5). An O-ring (405) is provided at the outlet of the mounting cylinder (404), and the first limiting surface (402) is located on the O-ring (405).
7. The shock absorber (1) with an oil discharge valve (2) according to claim 4, characterized in that: At the inner center of the piston rod (103), a gland (104) is fixed inside the piston rod (103). A spring or a plurality of disc springs (105) are provided between the gland (104) and the rear end of the cylinder block (101).
8. The shock absorber (1) with an oil discharge valve (2) according to claim 7, characterized in that: A guide rod (106) is connected to the rear end face of the cylinder block (101), and the spring or the disc springs (105) are sleeved on the guide rod (106).
9. The shock absorber (1) with an oil drain valve (2) according to claim 4, characterized in that: Two guide sleeves (107) are sleeved outside the piston rod (103). Both of the two guide sleeves (107) are fixed to the cylinder block (101), and the piston (102) reciprocates between the two guide sleeves (107).