Energy storage battery cell cooling system
By introducing a gas-liquid separator and a throttling mechanism into the energy storage battery cooling system, the liquid refrigerant is directly transported to the cold plate, solving the problem of low cooling efficiency in the prior art and achieving more efficient battery cooling and energy-saving effects.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202422300698.0
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-09-20
- Publication Date
- 2025-07-29
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-09-20
AI Technical Summary
The existing energy storage battery cell cooling system is a secondary heat exchange method, resulting in low cooling efficiency and no energy saving, affecting the charge and discharge performance and service life.
The gas-liquid separator and throttling mechanism are used to separate the low-temperature and low-pressure gas-liquid mixed refrigerant for gas-liquid separation, ensuring that the refrigerant entering the cold plate is liquid, directly cooling the battery cell, avoiding the intermediate refrigerant loading, and achieving uniform cooling.
It improves the cooling efficiency of energy storage battery cells, ensures charging and discharging effects, extends service life, and achieves better energy-saving effects.
Smart Images
Figure CN223165770U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of energy storage cell cooling, and particularly relates to an energy storage cell cooling system. Background Art
[0002] Energy storage cells, especially when charging and discharging, will generate a large amount of heat, which will cause the temperature of the cells themselves to rise, thereby affecting their charging and discharging performance and service life. Therefore, a cooling system is needed to cool the cells. The existing cooling system is as follows: After throttling, the low-temperature and low-pressure refrigerant evaporates and absorbs heat in the heat exchanger (evaporator) to first cool the coolant (usually ethylene glycol antifreeze), and then the coolant enters the cold plate at the bottom of the cell to cool the cell. Although this method can cool the cell, it is an indirect cooling method, that is, the refrigerant first cools the coolant, and then the coolant enters the cell cold plate through the coolant to cool the cell. This method is a secondary heat exchange method and is not energy-saving. Summary of the Utility Model
[0003] In view of the above problems, the utility model provides an energy storage cell cooling system, which can improve the cooling efficiency of the energy storage cell, ensure the charging and discharging effect and extend the service life, and achieve better energy-saving effect.
[0004] The utility model adopts the following technical scheme: An energy storage cell cooling system includes a compressor, a condenser, and a heat exchanger. The condenser is equipped with a condensing fan. The heat exchanger includes a first inlet, a second inlet, a first outlet, and a second outlet. The first outlet is connected to the inlet of the condenser through the compressor, and the outlet of the condenser is connected to the second inlet. It further includes a gas-liquid separator and a first throttling mechanism. The second outlet is connected to the first gas-liquid separation inlet of the gas-liquid separator through the first throttling mechanism. The liquid outlet of the gas-liquid separator is connected to the inlet of the cold plate, and the cold plate is used to cool the cell. The outlet of the cold plate and the gas outlet of the gas-liquid separator are aggregated and then connected to the first inlet.
[0005] Further, a plurality of cold plates are provided and are connected in parallel with each other;
[0006] Further, it further includes a second throttling mechanism. The gas outlet of the gas-liquid separator is connected to one end of the second throttling mechanism, and the other end of the second throttling mechanism and the outlet of the cold plate are aggregated and then connected to the first inlet;
[0007] Further, it further includes a refrigerant circulation pump. The liquid outlet of the gas-liquid separator is connected to the inlet of the cold plate through the refrigerant circulation pump. The outlet of the cold plate is connected to the second gas-liquid separation inlet of the gas-liquid separator, and the gas outlet of the gas-liquid separator is connected to the first inlet.
[0008] The beneficial effect of the present invention is that after the low-temperature and low-pressure gas-liquid mixture refrigerant output by the heat exchanger enters the gas-liquid separator for gas-liquid separation, the liquid refrigerant separated by the gas-liquid separator flows into the cold plate, and the low-temperature and low-pressure liquid refrigerant evaporates in the cold plate to absorb heat and cool the battery cells without an intermediate refrigerant, achieving better energy-saving effect. At the same time, the low-temperature and low-pressure gas-liquid mixture refrigerant output by the heat exchanger enters the gas-liquid separator for gas-liquid separation, and the liquid refrigerant separated by the gas-liquid separator flows into the cold plate, which can ensure that the refrigerant entering the cold plate is pure liquid refrigerant. Each channel of the cold plate contains low-temperature and low-pressure liquid refrigerant, which achieves temperature uniformity of the battery cell cold plate, has a better effect of temperature uniformity of the battery cell, can ensure that each battery cell can be cooled evenly, improves the cooling efficiency of the energy storage battery cell, thereby ensuring the charging and discharging effect and extending the service life, and has good economic value. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0009] Figure 1 This is a connection diagram of the first embodiment of the present utility model;
[0010] Figure 2 This is a connection diagram of the second embodiment of the present utility model. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0011] Example 1
[0012] like Figure 1 As shown, a cooling system for an energy storage battery cell includes a compressor 1, a condenser 2, and a heat exchanger 3. The condenser 2 is equipped with a condensing fan 4. The heat exchanger 3 includes a first inlet, a second inlet, a first outlet, and a second outlet. The first outlet is connected to the inlet of the condenser 2 through the compressor 1, and the outlet of the condenser 2 is connected to the second inlet; it also includes a gas-liquid separator 5 and a first throttling mechanism 6. The second outlet is connected to the first gas-liquid separation inlet of the gas-liquid separator 5 through the first throttling mechanism 6. The liquid outlet of the gas-liquid separator 5 is connected to the inlet of a cold plate 7. The cold plate 7 is used to cool the battery cell. The outlet of the cold plate 7 and the gas outlet of the gas-liquid separator 5 are combined and connected to the first inlet.
[0013] The cold plates 7 are provided with several blocks, and are connected in parallel with each other. In this embodiment, three cold plates 7 are provided. The energy storage cell cooling system also includes a second throttling mechanism 8. The gas outlet of the gas-liquid separator 5 is connected to one end of the second throttling mechanism 8, and the other end of the second throttling mechanism 8 is connected to the outlet of the cold plate 7 and then connected to the first inlet.
[0014] A method for cooling an energy storage battery core comprises the following steps:
[0015] S1. According to the cooling request, the compressor 1 compresses the gaseous refrigerant into a high-temperature and high-pressure gas state and sends it to the condenser 2 for cooling. The heat is carried away by the air circulated by the condenser fan 4 flowing through the condenser 2. After cooling, the refrigerant becomes a medium-temperature and high-pressure liquid refrigerant.
[0016] S2. The medium-temperature and high-pressure liquid refrigerant passes through the heat exchanger 3 and the first throttling mechanism 6 and then is depressurized to a low-temperature and low-pressure gas-liquid mixture. The gas-liquid mixed refrigerant is separated by the gas-liquid separator 5. Then the liquid refrigerant enters the cold plate 7 to evaporate and cool the battery cell while the refrigerant is vaporized, and there is still some unevaporated liquid refrigerant remaining in the cold plate 7, that is, most of the refrigerant in the cold plate 7 becomes gaseous, and a small part of the unevaporated liquid refrigerant remains.
[0017] Specifically, in step S2, a second throttling mechanism 8 is connected to the gas outlet pipeline of the gas-liquid separator 5. By adjusting the opening degree of the second throttling mechanism 8, a pressure difference is formed between the refrigerant in the gas-liquid separator 5 and the refrigerant at the outlet of the cold plate 7, and the pressure difference is used to push the liquid refrigerant to flow from the gas-liquid separator 5 to the cold plate 7.
[0018] S3. The evaporated and vaporized refrigerant discharged from the outlet of the cold plate 7, the remaining unevaporated liquid refrigerant, and the gaseous refrigerant separated from the gas-liquid separator 5 all enter the heat exchanger 3 and exchange heat with the medium-temperature and high-pressure liquid refrigerant coming out of the condenser 2. At this time, all the refrigerant becomes gaseous and then returns to the compressor 1, and step S1 is repeated to continue the refrigeration cycle.
[0019] Specifically, in step S3, the gaseous refrigerant separated from the gas-liquid separator 5 flows out through the second throttling mechanism 8, converges with the evaporated and vaporized refrigerant discharged from the outlet of the cold plate 7 and the remaining unevaporated liquid refrigerant, and then enters the heat exchanger 3 to exchange heat with the medium-temperature and high-pressure liquid refrigerant coming out of the condenser 2, so that a small part of the liquid refrigerant that has not evaporated is all evaporated and becomes gaseous refrigerant and then returns to the compressor 1 to be continuously compressed into high-temperature and high-pressure gas refrigerant, and step S1 is repeated to continue the refrigeration cycle.
[0020] In summary, in the present utility model, a gas-liquid separator 5 is connected after the heat exchanger 3 to separate the throttled gaseous refrigerant, so as to ensure that the refrigerant entering each cold plate 7 is in a liquid state. In this way, the problem of uniform distribution of the refrigerant entering each cold plate 7 is solved, and the uniformity of the core cooling is ensured. Moreover, it is not necessary to add a throttling mechanism at the front end of each cold plate 7 to achieve uniform distribution of the refrigerant flow rate entering the cold plate 7, saving costs and installation space. In addition, to ensure that there is refrigerant liquid evaporating in each flow channel in the cold plate 7, the refrigerant coming out of the cold plate 7 cannot all be in a gaseous state. If all are in a gaseous state, it means that there is a part of the flow channel in the cold plate 7 without liquid refrigerant, that is, all the liquid refrigerant has evaporated into gaseous refrigerant before coming out of the cold plate 7. In this case, there will be a part of the flow channel without liquid refrigerant evaporating and absorbing heat, and the surface temperature of the cold plate 7 in this area will be uneven, resulting in uneven cooling of the cores arranged on the surface of the cold plate 7. To avoid this situation, a small part of the refrigerant coming out of the cold plate 7 should be in a liquid state. According to the actual situation, the opening degree of the second throttling mechanism 8 is adjusted to make the refrigerant coming out of the cold plate 7 contain a small part of liquid refrigerant, so as to ensure uniform cooling of the cores on the surface of the cold plate 7.
[0021] In addition, to prevent part of the liquid refrigerant from entering the compressor 1, a heat exchanger 3 is provided on the pipeline entering the compressor 1. At the same time, the medium-temperature refrigerant coming out of the condenser 2 also flows through the heat exchanger 3. The low-temperature gas-liquid mixed refrigerant exchanges heat with the medium-temperature refrigerant coming out of the condenser 2 in the heat exchanger 3. The medium-temperature refrigerant coming out of the condenser 2 is further cooled, increasing the supercooling degree of the refrigerant and improving the refrigeration efficiency. At the same time, the liquid refrigerant in the low-temperature and low-pressure refrigerant gas-liquid mixture flowing through the heat exchanger 3 absorbs heat and evaporates, all becoming gaseous refrigerant. The gaseous refrigerant continues to exchange heat with the refrigerant entering the heat exchanger 3 in the heat exchanger 3. The low-temperature and low-pressure gaseous refrigerant absorbs heat and has a superheat degree, and then enters the compressor 1, ensuring the reliable operation of the compressor 1.
[0022] Embodiment 2
[0023] As Figure 2 shown, an energy storage core cooling system includes a compressor 1, a condenser 2, and a heat exchanger 3. The condenser 2 is configured with a condensing fan 4. The heat exchanger 3 includes a first inlet, a second inlet, a first outlet, and a second outlet. The first outlet is connected to the inlet of the condenser 2 through the compressor 1, and the outlet of the condenser 2 is connected to the second inlet. It further includes a gas-liquid separator 5 and a first throttling mechanism 6. The second outlet is connected to the first gas-liquid separation inlet of the gas-liquid separator 5 through the first throttling mechanism 6. The liquid outlet of the gas-liquid separator 5 is connected to the inlet of the cold plate 7. The cold plate 7 is used to cool the core. The outlet of the cold plate 7 is aggregated with the gas outlet of the gas-liquid separator 5 and then connected to the first inlet.
[0024] There are several cold plates 7, which are connected in parallel with each other. In this embodiment, three cold plates 7 are provided; the energy storage cell cooling system further includes a refrigerant circulation pump 9. The liquid outlet of the gas-liquid separator 5 is connected to the inlet of the cold plate 7 through the refrigerant circulation pump 9. The outlet of the cold plate 7 is connected to the second gas-liquid separation inlet of the gas-liquid separator 5, and the gas outlet of the gas-liquid separator 5 is connected to the first inlet.
[0025] An energy storage cell cooling method includes the following steps:
[0026] S1. According to the cooling request, the compressor 1 compresses the gaseous refrigerant into a high-temperature and high-pressure gas state. Then, the refrigerant becomes a medium-temperature and high-pressure liquid after being cooled by the condenser 2.
[0027] S2. The liquid refrigerant is depressurized into a low-temperature and low-pressure gas-liquid mixture after passing through the heat exchanger 3 and the first throttling mechanism 6. The gas-liquid mixed refrigerant is separated by the gas-liquid separator 5. Then, the liquid refrigerant enters the cold plate 7 to evaporate and cool the cell while the refrigerant is vaporized, and there is still some unevaporated liquid refrigerant remaining in the cold plate 7, that is, most of the refrigerant in the cold plate 7 becomes gaseous, and a small part of the unevaporated liquid refrigerant remains.
[0028] Specifically, in step S2, when the gas-liquid separator 5 is located above the cold plate 7, the liquid refrigerant in the gas-liquid separator 5 flows into the cold plate 7 by gravity. If there is no height difference between the gas-liquid separator 5 and the cold plate 7, a refrigerant circulation pump 9 is provided on the pipeline between the liquid outlet of the gas-liquid separator 5 and the inlet of the cold plate 7, and the power provided by the refrigerant circulation pump 9 enables the liquid refrigerant in the gas-liquid separator 5 to flow into the cold plate 7.
[0029] S3. The evaporated and vaporized refrigerant discharged from the outlet of the cold plate 7 and the remaining unevaporated liquid refrigerant, together with the gaseous refrigerant separated from the gas-liquid separator 5, all enter the heat exchanger 3 and exchange heat with the medium-temperature and high-pressure liquid refrigerant coming out of the condenser 2. At this time, all the refrigerant becomes gaseous and then returns to the compressor 1, and step S1 is repeated to continue the refrigeration cycle.
[0030] Specifically, in step S3, the vaporized refrigerant discharged from the outlet of the cold plate 7 and the remaining unvaporized liquid refrigerant enter the gas-liquid separator 5 from the second gas-liquid separation inlet, and gas-liquid separation is performed again. Then, the liquid refrigerant remains in the gas-liquid separator 5, and the separated gaseous refrigerant flows out from the gas outlet of the gas-liquid separator 5 and enters the heat exchanger 3, where it exchanges heat with the medium-temperature and high-pressure liquid refrigerant coming out of the condenser 2, so that the gaseous refrigerant entering the compressor 1 has a certain degree of superheat, and at the same time, the subcooling degree of the liquid refrigerant coming out of the condenser 2 is increased, which is beneficial to improving the efficiency. At this time, all the refrigerant becomes gaseous and then returns to the compressor 1 to continue to be compressed into a high-temperature and high-pressure gaseous refrigerant, and step S1 is repeated to continue the refrigeration cycle.
[0031] The arrow direction in the figure indicates the flow direction of the refrigerant.
[0032] For those skilled in the art, it is obvious that the present invention is not limited to the details of the above exemplary embodiments, and the present invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or basic characteristics of the present invention. Therefore, from any point of view, the embodiments should be regarded as exemplary and non-restrictive. The scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the above description. Therefore, all changes falling within the meaning and scope of the equivalent elements of the claims are intended to be included in the present invention. Any reference signs in the claims should not be construed as limiting the claimed rights.
[0033] In addition, it should be understood that although this specification is described according to embodiments, not every embodiment only contains an independent technical solution. This narrative way of the specification is only for clarity. Those skilled in the art should regard the specification as a whole, and the technical solutions in each embodiment can also be appropriately combined to form other embodiments that can be understood by those skilled in the art.
Claims
1. A cooling system for energy storage battery cells, comprising a compressor, a condenser, and a heat exchanger. The condenser is configured with a condensing fan. The heat exchanger includes a first inlet, a second inlet, a first outlet, and a second outlet. The first outlet is connected to the inlet of the condenser through the compressor, and the outlet of the condenser is connected to the second inlet. It is characterized in that: It also includes a gas-liquid separator and a first throttling mechanism. The second outlet is connected to the first gas-liquid separation inlet of the gas-liquid separator through the first throttling mechanism. The liquid outlet of the gas-liquid separator is connected to the inlet of the cold plate. The cold plate is used to cool the battery cell. The outlet of the cold plate and the gas outlet of the gas-liquid separator are aggregated and then connected to the first inlet.
2. The energy storage cell cooling system according to claim 1, wherein: A plurality of the cold plates are provided and are connected in parallel with each other.
3. The energy storage cell cooling system according to claim 2, wherein: It also includes a second throttling mechanism. The gas outlet of the gas-liquid separator is connected to one end of the second throttling mechanism. The other end of the second throttling mechanism and the outlet of the cold plate are aggregated and then connected to the first inlet.
4. The energy storage cell cooling system according to claim 2, characterized in that: It also includes a refrigerant circulation pump. The liquid outlet of the gas-liquid separator is connected to the water inlet of the cold plate through the refrigerant circulation pump. The outlet of the cold plate is connected to the second gas-liquid separation inlet of the gas-liquid separator. The gas outlet of the gas-liquid separator is connected to the first inlet.