Fluidized bed reactor for preparing carbon material
Through the combination of acoustic ash cleaner and heating insulation layer, the problem of ash accumulation in the inner wall of the reactor is solved, efficient ash cleaning and temperature control is achieved, the production efficiency and quality of carbon nanomaterials are improved, and the equipment maintenance costs are reduced.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202422364108.0
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-09-26
- Publication Date
- 2025-08-01
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-09-26
AI Technical Summary
During the preparation of existing carbon nanomaterials, deposits accumulate in the inner wall of the reactor lead to reduced heat transfer efficiency and hindered gas flow, and conventional ash cleaning methods may destroy the insulation structure and affect temperature stability.
The acoustic ash cleaner and a loudspeaker are combined with a heating insulation layer design, so as to remove ash accumulation through sound wave vibration, and control temperature uniformity through multi-zone heating, and combine a filter to prevent nanomaterial from being discharged into the atmosphere.
It realizes lossless cleaning, keeps the reactor clean, avoids poor heat transfer and gas flow obstacles, extends equipment life, improves output and product quality, and reduces maintenance costs.
Smart Images
Figure CN223170876U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of reactors, in particular to a fluidized bed reactor for preparing carbon materials. Background Art
[0002] With the development of nanotechnology, carbon nanomaterials, such as carbon nanotubes and carbon nanofibers, have attracted considerable attention due to their wide applications in electronics, materials, energy, and other fields. These materials possess excellent mechanical strength, electrical properties, and chemical stability, and therefore offer broad application prospects in numerous high-tech fields.
[0003] In the preparation technology of carbon nanomaterials, fluidized bed reactors have become one of the main equipment for large-scale preparation of carbon nanomaterials due to their good gas-solid mixing characteristics and high reaction efficiency. During the long-term reaction process, a large amount of carbon deposits tend to accumulate on the inner wall of the reactor, especially the inner wall of the reaction section. These deposits not only reduce the heat transfer efficiency of the reactor, but may also cause gas flow obstruction, affecting the stability of the reaction and the quality of the final product. Conventional cleaning methods such as mechanical vibration or electrostatic dust removal usually require additional equipment and may damage the insulation structure of the reactor, causing local temperature fluctuations, which in turn affects the production process of carbon nanomaterials.
[0004] Furthermore, to ensure efficient production of carbon materials, the reaction zone typically needs to be maintained at a relatively high temperature (e.g., 600°C to 800°C) to fully decompose the carbon source gas and generate carbon nanomaterials. Therefore, optimizing the reactor's heating system to achieve more uniform and precise temperature control while ensuring effective insulation is a pressing technical challenge in the production process.
[0005] To address these issues, various optimization solutions have been proposed. For example, existing technologies improve the reaction efficiency by increasing the uniformity of catalyst distribution within the reaction zone or optimizing the gas flow path. However, these solutions often overlook the issue of dust accumulation on the reactor walls or fail to fully consider the overall optimization of the insulation system. Furthermore, as the scale of carbon material production expands, the requirements for dust cleaning and insulation systems in long-term reactor operation are also increasing. Utility Model Content
[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a fluidized bed reactor for the preparation of carbon materials to solve the problem that conventional cleaning methods such as mechanical vibration or electrostatic dust removal usually require additional equipment and may damage the insulation structure of the reactor, causing local temperature fluctuations and thus affecting carbon nanomaterials.
[0007] To achieve the above object, the utility model provides the following technical solution: A fluidized bed reactor for carbon material preparation, comprising a fluidized bed reactor body and an acoustic soot blower. The fluidized bed reactor body includes an enlarged section and a reaction section. The reaction section is arranged at the lower part of the enlarged section. The acoustic soot blower is fixedly connected to the enlarged section through a flange. A sound amplifying cylinder is arranged at the lower part of the acoustic soot blower, and the sound amplifying cylinder is located inside the enlarged section.
[0008] Preferably, the sound amplifying cylinder is of a conical or horn-shaped structure, and the sound amplifying cylinder gradually expands along the sound wave propagation direction.
[0009] Preferably, it further includes a heating and heat preservation layer, and the heating and heat preservation layer is located outside the reaction section.
[0010] Preferably, the heating and heat preservation layer includes a plurality of heating zones, and the plurality of heating zones are arranged along the height direction of the reaction section.
[0011] Preferably, adjacent heating zones are separated by metal plates.
[0012] Preferably, heat preservation materials are arranged between the metal plates of adjacent heating zones.
[0013] Preferably, heating elements are arranged in the heating zones, and the heating elements are embedded on the outer side wall of the reaction section.
[0014] Preferably, it further includes a filter, and the filter is installed on the fluidized bed reactor body and is located inside the enlarged section.
[0015] The filter is located on the outer periphery of the acoustic soot blower, and the lower part of the filter is higher than the lower part of the acoustic soot blower. Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the utility model are as follows:
[0016] Through the acoustic soot blower and the sound amplifying cylinder, the accumulated ash on the inner wall of the reactor and the surface of the filter can be efficiently removed by using sound wave vibration. The non-destructive soot cleaning method not only keeps the inside of the reactor clean, but also avoids the poor heat transfer and gas flow obstruction caused by accumulated ash, thereby prolonging the operation time and stability of the equipment.
[0017] The setting of the filter effectively prevents the nano-scale carbon materials from being discharged into the atmosphere with the gas, avoiding environmental pollution and also increasing the output of nano-carbon materials. Moreover, during the process of acoustic soot cleaning by the acoustic soot blower, some fine particles adsorbed in the filter can be removed, reducing the cleaning frequency of the filter, thereby reducing the N2 consumption for cleaning the filter, prolonging the equipment maintenance cycle and reducing the equipment maintenance cost.
[0018] By setting a heating and heat preservation layer outside the reaction section and adopting a multi-zone heating design, more precise temperature control is achieved, ensuring a uniform temperature distribution inside the reaction section, optimizing the generation conditions of carbon materials, and thus improving the reaction efficiency and product quality. Brief Description of the Drawings
[0019] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present utility model.
[0020] Legend: 1. Enlarged section; 2. Reaction section; 3. Acoustic soot blower; 4. Sound amplifying cylinder; 5. Heating and heat preservation layer; 6. Filter; A. Exhaust gas discharge. Detailed Embodiment
[0021] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present utility model, rather than all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present utility model.
[0022] Refer to Figure 1 As shown, the present utility model discloses a fluidized bed reactor for carbon material preparation, aiming to improve the preparation efficiency and quality of carbon materials and solve the problem of ash accumulation inside the reactor. The fluidized bed reactor includes a fluidized bed reactor body, an acoustic soot blower 3, a sound amplifying cylinder 4, a heating and heat preservation layer 5, and a filter 6. The fluidized bed reactor body is used to carry the reaction environment required in the carbon material preparation process. The fluidized bed reactor body includes an enlarged section 1 and a reaction section 2.
[0023] Among them, the enlarged section 1 is located at the upper part of the fluidized bed reactor body and is mainly used for the separation and collection of reactants and product gases. The enlarged section 1 has a larger cross-sectional area, which can effectively reduce the gas flow rate, promote the settlement of solid particles, and thus achieve gas-solid separation. In addition, the enlarged section 1 also provides a suitable installation space for installing the acoustic soot blower 3 and its sound amplifying cylinder 4.
[0024] The reaction section 2 is located at the lower part of the enlarged section 1 and is used to provide the high-temperature environment required for the reaction to ensure the generation of carbon materials on the catalyst surface. During use, the length and diameter of the reaction section 2 can be customized according to specific preparation process requirements to optimize the output and quality of carbon materials.
[0025] The acoustic soot blower 3 is fixedly connected to the enlarged section 1 through a flange to ensure the stable operation of the acoustic soot blower. The flange connection has good sealing performance, which can avoid gas leakage. At the same time, the flange design facilitates the installation and disassembly of the soot blower, which is beneficial to the maintenance of the equipment.
[0026] The megaphone 4 is located at the lower part of the acoustic soot blower 3 and gradually expands along the sound wave propagation direction. The megaphone is designed in a conical or horn-shaped structure. Through the amplification effect of the megaphone, the sound wave can be effectively transmitted to the inner wall of the reactor to achieve the purpose of soot cleaning. The material of the megaphone is selected as a high-temperature resistant material to ensure its long-term stable operation in a high-temperature environment.
[0027] In order to ensure the high-temperature environment required for the preparation of carbon materials, the outside of the reaction section 2 is coated with a heating and insulation layer 5. The heating and insulation layer 5 can not only provide the necessary heat but also reduce heat loss, thereby improving the reaction efficiency.
[0028] The heating and insulation layer 5 includes multiple heating zones 51, which are arranged along the height direction of the reaction section 2. Adjacent heating zones are separated by metal plates, and heat insulation materials are provided between the metal plates of adjacent heating zones. Heating elements are provided in each heating zone, and thus, heating can be carried out separately according to the temperature requirements at different positions in the reaction section 2 to ensure uniform temperature distribution throughout the reaction section. Among them, the heating element wires in each heating zone are embedded in the outer wall of the reaction section 2. During use, the heating power can be controlled by adjusting the current magnitude of the heating element, thereby achieving precise temperature control. The heating element is selected as an alloy with high resistivity and high temperature resistance, such as nickel-chromium alloy or iron-chromium-aluminum alloy, to ensure its long-term stable operation in a high-temperature environment. The heating and insulation layer 5 is made of ceramic fiber or other high-temperature resistant materials, which can effectively isolate external heat loss and maintain the high-temperature environment in the reaction section. The heating and insulation layer 5 also has good oxidation resistance and corrosion resistance and can be used for a long time at high temperatures without affecting its insulation effect.
[0029] In order to improve the purity of carbon materials and reduce the influence of by-products generated during the reaction on subsequent operations, a filter 6 is also provided inside the fluidized bed reactor body. The filter 6 is located on the outer periphery of the acoustic soot blower 3, and the lower part of the filter 6 is higher than the lower part of the acoustic soot blower 3.
[0030] The setting of the filter 6 effectively prevents the nano-scale carbon materials from being discharged into the atmosphere with the gas, avoiding environmental pollution and also increasing the output of nano-carbon materials. Moreover, during the process of acoustic soot cleaning by the acoustic soot blower, it can remove some fine particles adsorbed in the filter, reduce the cleaning frequency of the filter, and thus reduce the N2 consumption for cleaning the filter, extend the equipment maintenance cycle, and reduce the equipment maintenance cost.
[0031] When the reactor is started, the heating insulation layer starts to work first, gradually raising the temperature in the reaction section 2 to the preset working temperature. During the operation of the reactor, the acoustic soot blower 3 can be started intermittently to utilize the vibration effect of sound waves to remove the dust accumulated on the inner wall of the reaction section and the surface of the filter, preventing the dust accumulation from affecting heat transfer and gas flow. The sound waves are amplified by the horn 4 and transmitted to the inner wall of the reaction section and the surface of the filter, thereby effectively removing the dust. After the reactants pass through the reaction section to generate carbon materials, the product gas enters the enlarged section and is filtered by the filter 6 to remove the impurities and fine particles therein. The filtered gas is discharged outside the reactor or used for further subsequent processing. After the reactor has been operating for a period of time, due to the design of flange connection, the acoustic soot blower and the horn can be easily disassembled for cleaning and replacement.
[0032] The fluidized bed reactor disclosed by the present utility model is not only applicable to the preparation of carbon materials (such as carbon nanotubes, carbon fibers, etc.), but also can be applied to the synthesis and processing of other powder materials that require high-temperature treatment. Due to its flexible and scalable design, the reactor has significant advantages in improving production efficiency, reducing energy consumption and improving product quality, and is suitable for large-scale industrial production.
[0033] Although the embodiments of the present utility model have been shown and described, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principle and spirit of the present utility model. The scope of the present utility model is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims
1. A fluidized bed reactor for carbon material preparation, characterized in that, It includes a fluidized bed reactor body and an acoustic soot blower (3). The fluidized bed reactor body includes an enlarged section (1) and a reaction section (2). The reaction section (2) is arranged at the lower part of the enlarged section (1). The acoustic soot blower (3) is fixedly connected to the enlarged section (1) through a flange. A sound amplifying cylinder (4) is arranged at the lower part of the acoustic soot blower (3), and the sound amplifying cylinder (4) is located inside the enlarged section (1).
2. The fluidized bed reactor for carbon material preparation according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sound amplifying cylinder (4) is of a conical or horn-shaped structure and gradually expands along the sound wave propagation direction.
3. The fluidized bed reactor for carbon material preparation according to claim 1, characterized in that, It further includes a heating and heat preservation layer (5), and the heating and heat preservation layer (5) is located outside the reaction section (2).
4. The fluidized bed reactor for carbon material preparation according to claim 3, characterized in that, The heating and heat preservation layer (5) includes a plurality of heating zones (51), and the plurality of heating zones (51) are arranged along the height direction of the reaction section (2).
5. The fluidized bed reactor for carbon material preparation according to claim 4, characterized in that, Adjacent heating zones (51) are separated by metal plates (52).
6. The fluidized bed reactor for carbon material preparation according to claim 5, characterized in that, There is heat preservation material between the metal plates (52) of adjacent heating zones (51).
7. The fluidized bed reactor for carbon material preparation according to claim 4, characterized in that, Heating elements are arranged in the heating zones and the heating elements are abutted against the outer side wall of the reaction section (2).
8. The fluidized bed reactor for carbon material preparation according to claim 1, characterized in that, It further includes a filter (6), and the filter (6) is installed on the fluidized bed reactor body and is located inside the enlarged section (1).
9. The fluidized bed reactor for carbon material preparation according to claim 8, wherein The filter (6) is located on the outer periphery of the acoustic soot blower (3) and the lower part of the filter (6) is higher than the lower part of the acoustic soot blower (3).