Damping-controllable rigidity-variable shock insulation support

Abstract

The utility model belongs to a bridge support, and particularly relates to a damping-controllable rigidity-variable shock insulation support. Comprising an upper seat plate, a spherical crown plate, a middle seat plate and a lower seat plate, the upper seat plate and the middle seat plate are positioned and connected through a shear plate and a shear bolt; the limiting mechanism is composed of a limiting check block and a limiting groove, the electromagnetic damping mechanism is composed of a magnet, a high-strength spring and a sheath coil, and the control device is composed of a ground motion sensor, a central processing module and a power supply module. The problems that in the prior art, the overall dimension of a support is too large, and the horizontal rigidity cannot be adjusted and changed once the horizontal rigidity is determined are solved, and the support has the advantages that the overall dimension of the support is small, the horizontal rigidity and damping are adjustable, and cooperative stress under the earthquake working condition of all piers is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to a bridge support, in particular to a controllable damping variable stiffness isolation support. Background Art

[0002] Bridge bearings are crucial structural components connecting the bridge's superstructure and substructure. They reliably transmit the superstructure's reaction forces and deformations, including displacement and rotation, to the substructure. Earthquakes, as inevitable natural disasters, can cause loss of life and property, and the direct toll of earthquake damage on bridges is even greater. Therefore, improving the seismic isolation capacity of bridge bearings and mitigating earthquake damage to bridges are crucial issues for bridge construction.

[0003] Currently, commonly used bridge isolation bearings are mainly divided into friction pendulum isolation bearings and seismic bearings. Seismic steel bearings modify the structure of the upper and lower bearing plates to ensure that they meet conventional bearing requirements while also being able to withstand repeated earthquake loads. Lead-rubber bearings insert lead cores into multi-layer rubber bearings. When the rubber layers undergo shear deformation, the plastic deformation of the lead cores absorbs energy. Friction pendulum bearings primarily utilize the "pendulum principle" to extend the earthquake period and dissipate energy through friction. All of the above bearing types combine seismic and conventional functions, often resulting in excessive bearing dimensions. Once the horizontal stiffness is determined, it cannot be adjusted. This prevents high and low piers and abutments from coordinating forces, leading to severe localized damage. Friction pendulum bearings inevitably cause beam lift during temperature-dependent displacement. Rubber bearings, however, often suffer from vibration damage to the beam due to insufficient vertical stiffness.

[0004] Therefore, those skilled in the art are in urgent need of developing a seismic isolation bearing that can achieve stiffness and damping adjustment control. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The utility model provides a controllable damping variable stiffness seismic isolation bearing. An electromagnetic damping mechanism is arranged on the bearing, and a seismic sensor is used to measure the earthquake acceleration and / or displacement and / or angle value. The measured value is compared with the set value and damping compensation is performed according to the comparison result. The central processing module outputs a control instruction to the power supply module and causes it to power the electromagnetic damping mechanism, thereby realizing automatic adjustment of damping and horizontal stiffness.

[0006] The overall technical concept of the utility model is:

[0007] A controllable damping variable stiffness seismic isolation bearing comprises an upper base plate, a spherical crown plate, a middle base plate and a lower base plate which are longitudinally stacked and whose adjacent surfaces are matched by plane sliding pairs, spherical sliding pairs or arcuate sliding pairs; the upper base plate and the middle base plate are positioned and connected by shear plates and shear bolts; and further comprises:

[0008] A. Limiting mechanism: An opening is provided in the longitudinal direction on the outer edge of the lower portion of the middle seat plate. A limit stopper is arranged in the opening and slides with the opening. A limiting groove is provided at the bottom of the inner cavity of the lower seat plate adjacent to the outer side of the middle seat plate to accommodate the lower part of the limit stopper.

[0009] B. Electromagnetic damping mechanism: It includes a magnet, the outer end of the magnet is spaced apart from the inner wall of the upper seat plate, the magnet is symmetrically distributed along the radial direction of the middle seat plate and its inner end is fixed to the outer side of the middle seat plate, and a high-strength spring is sheathed on the outer side of the magnet. The two ends of the high-strength spring are respectively fixed to the outer side of the middle seat plate and the inner side of the upper seat plate, and a sheath coil is wound on the high-strength spring;

[0010] C. Control device: including a power supply module, a central processing module, a sheath coil, and a seismic sensor for measuring earthquake acceleration and / or angle and / or displacement change values; the power supply module is electrically connected to the sheath coil, the signal output terminal of the seismic sensor is connected to the central processing module, and the control command output terminal of the central processing module is connected to the power supply module.

[0011] The specific technical structure of the utility model is:

[0012] In order to facilitate manual resetting of the limit block, a preferred technical implementation means is to fix a lifting portion on the limit block.

[0013] A more preferred technical implementation method is that the lifting part adopts bolts.

[0014] When the support needs to be reset after an earthquake, the center seat plate can be driven to move and reset manually, mechanically, or hydraulically. To facilitate the measurement of the displacement value of the limit block or the center seat plate to detect whether the center seat plate has been reset, the preferred technical implementation method is to also include a displacement sensor for measuring the displacement value of the limit block and / or the center seat plate. The displacement signal detected by the displacement sensor is transmitted to the central processing module and displayed through the human-machine interface. If the center seat plate is not reset, if the center seat plate is reset by a mechanical drive mechanism or a hydraulic drive mechanism, the central processing module can issue an action command to control the movement of the mechanical drive mechanism or the hydraulic drive mechanism and realize automatic control. Because it belongs to the prior art, the applicant will not elaborate on its specific technical structure here.

[0015] The main function of the displacement sensor is to detect the displacement of the middle seat plate. In order to facilitate the setting of the displacement sensor and meet the measurement of the displacement, the preferred technical implementation method is that the fixed end and the signal acquisition end of the displacement sensor are respectively set on the lower seat plate and the middle seat plate that can generate relative displacement.

[0016] In order to facilitate flexible cooperation between adjacent parts and reduce wear, the preferred technical implementation method is to provide a planar sliding pair at the adjacent parts of the middle seat plate and the lower seat plate, which includes a planar slide plate and a planar stainless steel plate that slide with the adjacent surfaces.

[0017] Furthermore, the adjacent part of the upper seat plate and the spherical crown plate or the adjacent part of the middle seat plate and the spherical crown plate is provided with a spherical sliding pair or an arcuate sliding pair. The main function of the spherical sliding pair or the arcuate sliding pair is to adapt to the vertical rotation angle requirements of the beam body. The spherical sliding pair includes a spherical slide plate and a spherical stainless steel plate that slide together with the adjacent surfaces. The arcuate sliding pair includes a arcuate slide plate and an arcuate stainless steel plate that slide together with the adjacent surfaces.

[0018] In order to more accurately measure the acceleration, angle, and displacement changes generated during an earthquake, and to facilitate the assembly and maintenance of components, the preferred technical implementation method is to set the earthquake sensor on the upper base plate.

[0019] A seismic sensor is a device used to measure seismic activity on Earth. It possesses high-precision seismic measurement capabilities and can be used to observe crustal movement, detect initial earthquake changes, and measure the time, depth, and magnitude of earthquakes, thereby obtaining important research data on earthquake development. Seismic sensors are field sensors and include, but are not limited to, grating displacement sensors, accelerometers, inclination sensors, and acceleration sensors, or any combination thereof. Because these sensors are currently available and commercially available, the applicant will not elaborate on their construction here.

[0020] In the description of the present invention, the terms "lower part", "inner cavity", "inner end", "outer end", "outer side", "inner side" and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of simplifying the description of the present invention, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be understood as limitations on the present invention.

[0021] The technical advancements achieved by this utility model are:

[0022] 1. The structural design of the utility model separates the normal use function of the support from the earthquake auxiliary function, and can realize the functions in the non-working state and the earthquake state according to different working conditions. There is no need to consider issues such as equivalent radius and seismic isolation displacement. The size of the seismic isolation support can be reduced to the maximum extent, avoiding the problem of beam lifting caused by temperature change displacement caused by friction pendulum support, and solving the problem of insufficient vertical stiffness of the rubber support.

[0023] 2. An electromagnetic damping mechanism consisting of a high-strength spring, a sheath coil, and a magnet is used to measure the earthquake acceleration and / or angle and / or displacement change value through a ground motion sensor, and the measured value is compared with the set value stored in the central processing module. Damping compensation is performed based on the comparison result. First, the damping and horizontal stiffness are automatically adjusted by controlling the power supply and current intensity of the sheath coil; second, the earthquake acceleration, displacement, and horizontal stiffness can be automatically monitored and adjusted; third, the coordinated force of each bridge pier under earthquake conditions can be achieved.

[0024] 3. The electromagnetic damping mechanism can arbitrarily adjust the damping ratio according to the earthquake intensity, realizing multi-level and rapid consumption of earthquake energy.

[0025] 4. Due to the combined effect of the elastic force of the high-strength spring and the Ampere force, the bearing can be automatically reset after an earthquake, reducing the cost of bridge maintenance after an earthquake. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] The accompanying drawings of the present utility model include:

[0027] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the appearance of the present utility model.

[0028] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 AA view.

[0029] Figure 3 It is a control principle diagram of the present utility model.

[0030] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the reset principle of the working state of the utility model.

[0031] Figure 5 It is a structural diagram of the electromagnetic damping isolation mechanism.

[0032] The reference numerals in the accompanying drawings are as follows:

[0033] 1. Upper seat plate; 2A. Shear plate; 2B. Shear bolt; 3. Plane sliding pair (flat stainless steel, flat slide); 4. Spherical sliding pair (spherical stainless steel plate, spherical wear-resistant slide); 5. Spherical crown plate; 6. Electromagnetic damping mechanism; 6A. High-strength spring; 6B. Sheath coil; 6C. Magnet; 7. Displacement sensor; 8. Earthquake sensor; 9. Middle seat plate; 10. Limit block; 11. Lifting part; 12. Lower seat plate; 12A. Limit groove. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] The accompanying drawings show embodiments of the present invention. The embodiments of the present invention are further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, but should not be understood as limiting the present invention. The scope of protection of the present invention is based on the contents recorded in the claims. Any replacement of equivalent technical means made according to the specification does not depart from the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0035] Example

[0036] The overall structure of this embodiment is shown in the figure. The controllable damping variable stiffness seismic isolation bearing includes an upper base plate 1, a spherical crown plate 5, a middle base plate 9, and a lower base plate 12, which are longitudinally stacked and whose adjacent surfaces are engaged by plane sliding pairs, spherical sliding pairs, or arcuate sliding pairs. The upper base plate 1 and the middle base plate 9 are positioned and connected by shear plates 2A and shear bolts 2B. The bearing also includes:

[0037] A. Limiting mechanism: An opening is longitudinally provided on the lower outer edge of the middle seat plate 9, and a limiting stopper 10 is disposed in the opening and slidably engages with the opening. A limiting groove 12A is provided at the bottom of the inner cavity of the lower seat plate 12 adjacent to the outer side of the middle seat plate 9 to accommodate the lower portion of the limiting stopper 10;

[0038] B. Electromagnetic damping mechanism: comprising magnet 6C, the outer end of magnet 6C being spaced apart from the inner wall of upper seat plate 1, magnets 6C being symmetrically spaced along the radial direction of middle seat plate 9 and their inner ends being fixed to the outer side of middle seat plate 9, a high-strength spring 6A being sheathed on the outer side of magnet 6C, the two ends of high-strength spring 6A being fixed to the outer side of middle seat plate 9 and the inner side of upper seat plate 1, respectively, and a sheath coil 6B being wound around high-strength spring 6A;

[0039] C. Control device: includes a power supply module, a central processing module, a sheath coil 6B, and a seismic sensor 8 for measuring earthquake acceleration and / or angle and / or displacement change values; the power supply module is electrically connected to the sheath coil 6B, the signal output terminal of the seismic sensor 8 is connected to the central processing module, and the control command output terminal of the central processing module is connected to the power supply module.

[0040] A lifting portion 11 is fixed on the limit stopper 10 , and the lifting portion 11 is fixed with a bolt.

[0041] The system also includes a displacement sensor 7 for measuring the displacement of the limit stop 10 and / or the center plate 9. The displacement signal detected by the displacement sensor 7 is transmitted to the central processing module and displayed on the human-machine interface. If the center plate is not fully reset, if the center plate is reset by a mechanical drive mechanism or a hydraulic drive mechanism, the central processing module can issue an action command to control the movement of the mechanical drive mechanism or the hydraulic drive mechanism, thereby achieving automated control. As this relates to prior art, the applicant will not elaborate on its specific technical structure here.

[0042] The fixed end and the signal collecting end of the displacement sensor 7 are respectively arranged on the lower seat plate 12 and the middle seat plate 9 which can generate relative displacement.

[0043] A plane sliding pair is provided at the adjacent portion of the middle seat plate 9 and the lower seat plate 12. The plane sliding pair comprises a plane slide plate and a plane stainless steel plate with adjacent surfaces slidingly matched.

[0044] Furthermore, a spherical sliding pair or a curved sliding pair is provided at the adjacent portion between the upper seat plate 1 and the spherical crown plate 5 or the adjacent portion between the middle seat plate 9 and the spherical crown plate 5. The spherical sliding pair includes a spherical slide plate and a spherical stainless steel plate that slide together on the adjacent surfaces, and the curved sliding pair includes a curved slide plate and a curved stainless steel plate that slide together on the adjacent surfaces.

[0045] The ground motion sensor 8 is provided on the upper base plate 1. The ground motion sensor includes, but is not limited to, one or a combination of a grating displacement sensor, an acceleration sensor, an inclination sensor, and an acceleration sensor. As these sensors are prior art and commercially available, the applicant will not elaborate on their structures here.

[0046] This example works like this:

[0047] Under non-seismic conditions, the plane sliding pair, spherical sliding pair or arc sliding pair can be used to adapt to the temperature-varying displacement and vertical rotation angle of the beam;

[0048] Under earthquake conditions, the lower displacement of the middle base plate 9 exceeds the limit, and the lower part of the limit block 10 set in the longitudinal opening of the middle base plate 9 falls into the limit groove 12A. The shear bolt 2B is cut off under the action of the earthquake force, and the electromagnetic damping mechanism composed of the high-strength spring 6A, the sheath coil 6B, the magnet 8, etc. is used to perform step-by-step damping and seismic isolation.

[0049] During an earthquake, the seismic sensor 8 can control the power supply module to start and stop according to the magnitude of the earthquake. When the earthquake intensity is low, the seismic sensor 8 measures the earthquake acceleration and / or angle and / or displacement change and outputs it to the central processing module. The central processing module compares the measured value with the set value stored in the central processing module. If the measured value is less than the set value, the power supply module will not start, and the high-strength spring 6A will be used for damping and energy dissipation.

[0050] When the earthquake intensity increases further, the measured value of the ground motion sensor 8 is greater than the set value stored in the central processing module, and the power supply module is activated. Due to the electromagnetic induction phenomenon, the Ampere force generated by the path cut by the magnet 6C and the sheath coil 6B cooperates with the high-strength spring 6 to provide damping and earthquake resistance.

[0051] When the earthquake intensity increases to a higher level, the central processing module controls the power supply module to increase the current, and adjusts the size of the Ampere force by controlling the current intensity of the sheath coil 6B, thereby achieving damping and automatically adjusting the different horizontal stiffness of various piers and platforms, so as to achieve the effect of coordinated force of various piers and platforms, and improve the overall safety of the beam body during an earthquake.

[0052] Ampere force refers to the force exerted on a current-carrying conductor in a magnetic field. The magnitude F of the Ampere force exerted on a current-carrying conductor perpendicular to the magnetic field at a certain point in the magnetic field is proportional to the product of the current intensity I and the length L of the conductor F=BIL; when the angle between the current and the direction of the magnetic field is α, then: F=BILsinα.

[0053] After the earthquake, the support can be automatically reset due to the action of the high-strength spring 6A. The limit block 10 can be quickly taken out by the lifting part 11 and tools such as crowbars, and new shear plates 2A and shear bolts 2B are replaced at the same time. No large machinery or top beam operations are required throughout the process. The displacement sensor 7 can measure the displacement of the center seat plate and output it to the central processing module. Through human-machine interface monitoring, it is ensured that the limit block 10 is displaced from the limit groove 12A and reset successfully, thereby realizing the secondary use of the support and reducing costs.

Claims

1. A controllable damping variable stiffness seismic isolation bearing, comprising an upper base plate (1), a spherical crown plate (5), a middle base plate (9) and a lower base plate (12) which are longitudinally stacked and whose adjacent surfaces are matched by a plane sliding pair, a spherical sliding pair or a curved sliding pair; the upper base plate (1) and the middle base plate (9) are positioned and connected by a shear plate (2A) and a shear bolt (2B); it is characterized in that Also includes: A. Limiting mechanism: An opening is provided on the outer edge of the lower portion of the middle seat plate (9) along the longitudinal direction, a limiting block (10) is arranged in the opening and slidably cooperates with the opening, and a limiting groove (12A) capable of accommodating the lower portion of the limiting block (10) is provided at the bottom of the inner cavity of the lower seat plate (12) adjacent to the outer side of the middle seat plate (9); B. Electromagnetic damping mechanism: comprising a magnet (6C), wherein the outer end of the magnet (6C) is spaced apart from the inner wall of the upper seat plate (1), the magnet (6C) is symmetrically distributed along the radial direction of the middle seat plate (9) and the inner end thereof is fixed to the outer side of the middle seat plate (9), a high-strength spring (6A) is sleeved on the outer side of the magnet (6C), the two ends of the high-strength spring (6A) are respectively fixed to the outer side of the middle seat plate (9) and the inner side of the upper seat plate (1), and a sheath coil (6B) is wound on the high-strength spring (6A); C. Control device: comprising a power supply module, a central processing module, a sheath coil (6B), and a seismic sensor (8) for measuring earthquake acceleration and / or angle and / or displacement change value; the power supply module is electrically connected to the sheath coil (6B), the signal output terminal of the seismic sensor (8) is connected to the central processing module, and the control instruction output terminal of the central processing module is connected to the power supply module.

2. The controllable damping variable stiffness seismic isolation support according to claim 1 is characterized in that A lifting portion (11) is fixed on the limit stopper (10).

3. The controllable damping variable stiffness seismic isolation support according to claim 2 is characterized in that The lifting portion (11) adopts bolts.

4. The controllable damping variable stiffness seismic isolation support according to claim 1, characterized in that It also includes a displacement sensor (7) for measuring the displacement value of the limit stopper (10) and / or the middle seat plate (9).

5. The controllable damping variable stiffness seismic isolation bearing according to claim 1 or 4, characterized in that The fixed end and the signal collection end of the displacement sensor (7) are respectively arranged on the lower seat plate (12) and the middle seat plate (9) capable of generating relative displacement.

6. The controllable damping variable stiffness seismic isolation support according to claim 1, characterized in that A plane sliding pair is provided at the adjacent portion of the middle seat plate (9) and the lower seat plate (12), and the plane sliding pair comprises a plane slide plate and a plane stainless steel plate with adjacent surfaces slidingly matched.

7. The controllable damping variable stiffness seismic isolation support according to claim 1, characterized in that The adjacent portion between the upper seat plate (1) and the spherical crown plate (5) or the adjacent portion between the middle seat plate (9) and the spherical crown plate (5) is provided with a spherical sliding pair or an arcuate sliding pair, wherein the spherical sliding pair comprises a spherical slide plate and a spherical stainless steel plate that are slidably matched with the adjacent surfaces, and the arcuate sliding pair comprises an arcuate slide plate and an arcuate stainless steel plate that are slidably matched with the adjacent surfaces.

8. The controllable damping variable stiffness seismic isolation support according to claim 1, characterized in that The earthquake sensor (8) is arranged on the upper seat plate (1).

9. The controllable damping variable stiffness seismic isolation bearing according to claim 1 or 8, characterized in that The earthquake sensor (8) adopts one of a grating displacement sensor, an acceleration sensor, an inclination sensor and an acceleration sensor or a combination thereof.

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