Portable coral reef site sediment flux monitoring device

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the technical field of marine deposition dynamics in-situ monitoring, and particularly relates to a portable coral reef site sediment flux monitoring device which comprises a support, a turbidity monitoring mechanism, a wave tide monitoring mechanism, a flow velocity monitoring mechanism and a collecting mechanism. The frame is of a cuboid frame structure. The side plates are fixedly arranged on the front and rear sides of the frame; the turbidity monitoring mechanism is fixedly arranged at the top of the frame; the wave tide monitoring mechanism is fixedly arranged at the bottom in the frame; the flow velocity monitoring mechanism is arranged on the top of the frame. The collecting mechanisms are arranged on the front side and the rear side of the support respectively and comprise outer sleeves, inner sleeves, connectors, collecting bottles and connecting assemblies. The device is used for sediment capture and hydrodynamic parameter synchronous observation, can solve the technical problems that an existing monitoring device is difficult to arrange, single in function and has errors in spatio-temporal data registration, is easy to arrange and recycle and convenient to carry, can achieve multi-data collection in a single area, and improves spatio-temporal data matching performance and precision.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of in-situ monitoring of marine sediment dynamics, and in particular relates to a portable coral reef site sediment flux monitoring device. Background Art

[0002] The study of the water and sediment transport mechanism in coral reef areas requires the simultaneous analysis of the dynamic coupling relationship between sediment deposition flux and the complex dynamic conditions of tide level, wave and ocean current through in-situ monitoring. Existing technologies mostly rely on laboratory flumes to simulate the sediment deposition process, but it is difficult to reproduce the particle transport characteristics under non-steady-state hydrodynamic environments such as strong turbulence and high turbulent energy dissipation in reef areas, resulting in systematic deviations in the prediction results of indoor and outdoor sediment suspension thresholds and migration paths. Therefore, the development of in-situ monitoring devices that can adapt to the complex hydrodynamic conditions of shallow reef areas and realize the simultaneous observation of sediment capture and hydrodynamic parameters is a key technical support for the construction of coral reef geomorphological dynamics-sedimentation response models.

[0003] While traditional sediment traps can achieve long-term sequential sampling of deep-sea environments, their rigid frame structure and high deadweight make them difficult to carry and susceptible to damage from strong hydrodynamic impacts when deployed in shallow reef areas. Furthermore, existing traps lack modular integration capabilities with environmental sensors such as flow rate and turbidity. In recent years, while lightweight and improved equipment has improved portability, they generally suffer from three drawbacks: First, the fixed base has poor adaptability in the complex landforms of reef slopes, reef flats, and lagoons, making it difficult to ensure the stability of rapid deployment of multiple measurement points; second, the single-function design forces researchers to conduct sediment capture and hydrodynamic monitoring in steps, resulting in errors in the registration of spatiotemporal data; and third, the sampling period is limited by the capacity of the energy storage unit, making it impossible to continuously capture the sudden changes in sediment flux before and after storm events in coral reef areas.

[0004] Coral reef coastal sedimentary environments are characterized by strong spatial heterogeneity, rapid water-sediment exchange rates, and frequent extreme events. This requires a three-dimensional observation system that can simultaneously sense wave and tidal dynamics, suspended sediment concentration, and sedimentation flux. Existing technical solutions often employ separate, independent instrument deployments, which not only increases the difficulty of device coupling but also hinders the accuracy of sediment transport mechanism inversion due to the difficulty in accurately matching the sampling bottle exposure time with the hydrodynamic recording period. Utility Model Content

[0005] The purpose of the utility model is to provide a portable coral reef site sediment flux monitoring device to solve the technical problems raised in the above background technology.

[0006] In order to achieve the above purpose, the utility model adopts the following technical solutions:

[0007] A portable coral reef site sediment flux monitoring device comprises a bracket, a turbidity monitoring mechanism, a wave and tide monitoring mechanism, a flow rate monitoring mechanism, and a collecting mechanism, wherein the bracket comprises a frame and side panels; the frame is a rectangular frame structure; the side panels are fixedly arranged on the front and rear sides of the frame; the turbidity monitoring mechanism is fixedly arranged horizontally on the left and right sides at the top of the frame; the wave and tide monitoring mechanism is fixedly arranged horizontally on the left and right sides at the inner bottom of the frame; the flow rate monitoring mechanism is arranged on the top of the frame, on the right side of the turbidity monitoring mechanism; the collecting mechanism is respectively arranged on the front and rear sides of the bracket, and comprises an outer sleeve, an inner sleeve, a joint, a collecting bottle, and a connecting assembly; the outer sleeve is arranged vertically and connected to the side panels via the connecting assembly; the inner sleeve is arranged in the outer sleeve and is detachably connected to the outer sleeve; the top of the joint is fixedly connected to the bottom of the outer sleeve; the top of the collecting bottle is detachably connected to the bottom of the joint.

[0008] Furthermore, the turbidity monitoring mechanism includes a mounting plate, a mounting block, and a turbidity meter; the mounting plate is horizontally arranged on the top of the frame in the front and rear directions; the mounting block is arranged on the top surface of the mounting plate, and two are spaced apart on the left and right sides; the turbidity meter is fixed horizontally in the two mounting blocks on the left and right sides.

[0009] Furthermore, the wave and tide monitoring mechanism includes a connecting column, a base plate, a fixed block, and a wave and tide meter; the connecting column is horizontally arranged at the bottom of the frame on the left and right, and two are arranged at intervals in the front and back; the base plate is horizontally arranged on the top surface of the two connecting columns; the fixed block is arranged on the top surface of the base plate, and two are arranged at intervals in the front and back; the wave and tide meter is horizontally arranged in the two fixed blocks on the left and right.

[0010] Furthermore, the flow rate monitoring mechanism includes a connecting part, a connecting pipe, a connecting rope, and an inclined flow meter; the connecting part is arranged at intervals on the front and rear sides of the top of the frame, and the connecting part is a U-shaped structure with its opening downward; the connecting pipe is arranged horizontally in the front and rear of the two connecting parts; one end of the connecting rope is connected to the middle side wall of the connecting pipe, and the other end is connected to the inclined flow meter.

[0011] Furthermore, the connecting assembly includes a pipe clamp and an insert rod, and the pipe clamp is sleeved on the outside of the outer sleeve; the insert rod is arranged horizontally front and back, one end of which is fixedly connected to the pipe clamp and the other end is connected to the side plate.

[0012] Furthermore, two clamping grooves are symmetrically provided on the upper side wall of the outer sleeve; horizontal clamping rods are symmetrically provided on the outer side wall of the upper part of the inner sleeve, and the inner sleeve is connected to the clamping grooves of the outer sleeve through the clamping rods.

[0013] Furthermore, it also includes hanging rings; the hanging rings are rectangularly distributed on the top surface of the frame.

[0014] Furthermore, it also includes a counterweight plate; the counterweight plate is horizontally fixed on the bottom surface of the frame.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0016] The present invention provides a support structure composed of a frame and side panels. The frame structure can significantly reduce the weight of the entire device, achieving lightweightness, thereby increasing its service life. It is also easy to carry and, in conjunction with a counterweight plate, can quickly deploy multiple measuring points while ensuring stability. Each component can be disassembled and stored, making it easy to deploy and recycle. It is low-cost, easy to carry, and has a simple and stable structure. The present invention integrates a turbidity monitoring mechanism, a wave and tide monitoring mechanism, and a flow rate monitoring mechanism on the support. Multi-module integration enables multi-data acquisition in a single area, improving the temporal and spatial data matching and accuracy of the multi-data. In conjunction with the acquisition mechanism, it facilitates the study of the dynamic coupling relationship between sediment deposition flux and the tide-wave-current composite dynamic conditions, enabling better research on the water and sand transport mechanism in coral reef areas. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 It is a structural diagram of the utility model;

[0018] Figure 2 It is a structural diagram of the utility model bracket;

[0019] Figure 3 It is a structural diagram of the turbidity monitoring mechanism of the utility model;

[0020] Figure 4 This is a structural diagram of the wave and tide monitoring mechanism of the utility model;

[0021] Figure 5 It is a structural diagram of the flow rate monitoring mechanism of the utility model;

[0022] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the connection assembly and the side panel of the utility model;

[0023] Figure 7 This is a schematic structural diagram of the outer sleeve of the utility model;

[0024] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure of the inner sleeve of the utility model;

[0025] The symbols and corresponding parts names in the accompanying drawings are:

[0026] 1- bracket; 11- frame; 12- side panel; 13- lifting ring;

[0027] 2- turbidity monitoring mechanism; 21- mounting plate; 22- mounting block; 23- turbidity meter;

[0028] 3-wave and tide monitoring mechanism; 31-connecting column; 32-base plate; 33-fixing block; 34-wave and tide meter;

[0029] 4-flow rate monitoring mechanism; 41-connecting piece; 42-connecting pipe; 421-connecting hole; 43-connecting rope; 44-inclined flow meter;

[0030] 5-Collecting agencies;

[0031] 51- outer sleeve;

[0032] 511-card slot; 5111-first through slot; 5112-second through slot; 5113-third through slot;

[0033] 512-limiting screw; 513-limiting nut;

[0034] 52-inner casing; 521-clamping rod; 522-screen;

[0035] 53-connector; 54-collecting bottle;

[0036] 55-connection assembly; 551-pipe clamp; 552-insert rod;

[0037] 6-Weight plates. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0038] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments. However, it should be noted that many of the details listed in this specification are merely provided to help readers gain a thorough understanding of one or more aspects of the present invention, and these aspects of the present invention can be implemented even without these specific details.

[0039] like Figure 1-8As shown, a portable coral reef site sediment flux monitoring device includes a bracket 1, a turbidity monitoring mechanism 2, a wave and tide monitoring mechanism 3, a flow rate monitoring mechanism 4, and a collecting mechanism 5. The bracket 1 includes a frame 11 and a side plate 12; the frame 11 is a rectangular frame structure, and the frame structure can significantly reduce the overall weight and achieve lightweight; the side plates 12 are fixed on the front and rear sides of the frame 11; the turbidity monitoring mechanism 2 is fixed horizontally on the top of the frame 11, and the turbidity monitoring mechanism 2 is used to monitor the turbidity of the bottom of the water; the wave and tide monitoring mechanism 3 is fixed horizontally on the bottom of the frame 11, and the wave and tide monitoring mechanism 3 is used to monitor the tide level, waves and temperature of the bottom of the water; the flow rate monitoring mechanism 4 is arranged on the top of the frame 11, located at the turbidity monitoring mechanism On the right side of structure 2, a flow rate monitoring mechanism 4 is used to monitor underwater flow velocity. The collection mechanism 5 is located on the front and rear sides of the bracket 1 and includes an outer sleeve 51, an inner sleeve 52, a connector 53, a collection bottle 54, and a connecting assembly 55. The outer sleeve 51 is vertically arranged and connected to the side plate 12 via the connecting assembly 55. The inner sleeve 52 is located within the outer sleeve 51 and is detachably connected to the upper portion of the outer sleeve 51. The top of the connector 53 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the outer sleeve 51. The connector 53 is vertically connected to the interior. The upper portion of the connector 53 has a larger diameter than the lower portion, allowing for a variable diameter connection. The lower inner wall of the connector 53 is internally threaded. The top outer side is provided with external threads. The collection bottle 54 is detachably connected to the connector 53 via threads, facilitating installation and removal of the collection bottle 54. Sediment from the bottom of the water flows from the inner sleeve 52 through the connector 53 and into the collection bottle 54, allowing for monitoring of sediment flux.

[0040] like Figure 3 As shown, the turbidity monitoring mechanism 2 includes a mounting plate 21, mounting blocks 22, and a turbidity meter 23. The mounting plate 21 is horizontally mounted on the top of the frame 11. The mounting blocks 22 are located on the top surface of the mounting plate 21, with two mounting blocks 22 spaced apart on the left and right sides. The turbidity meter 23 is fixed horizontally in the two mounting blocks 22. When in use, the turbidity meter 23 can monitor the turbidity of the bottom of the water.

[0041] like Figure 4 As shown, the wave and tide monitoring mechanism 3 includes connecting columns 31, a base plate 32, fixed blocks 33, and a wave and tide gauge 34. The connecting columns 31 are horizontally arranged on the bottom of the frame 11, with two spaced apart in front and back. The base plate 32 is horizontally arranged on top of the two connecting columns 31. The fixed blocks 33 are located on top of the base plate 32, with two spaced apart in front and back. The wave and tide gauge 34 is horizontally arranged in the two fixed blocks 33. When in use, the wave and tide gauge 34 can monitor the tide level, waves, and temperature of the water bottom.

[0042] like Figure 5As shown, the flow rate monitoring mechanism 4 includes a connector 41, a connecting tube 42, a connecting rope 43, and an inclined current meter 44. The connectors 41 are spaced apart on the front and rear sides of the top of the frame 11. The connectors 41 are U-shaped and open downward. The connecting tubes 42 are horizontally arranged in the front and rear of the two connectors 41. One end of the connecting rope 43 is connected to the middle side wall of the connecting tube 42, and the other end is connected to the inclined current meter 44. When in use, the inclined current meter 44 can monitor the water flow velocity at the bottom of the water.

[0043] In a further embodiment, a first mounting hole is provided on the left and right sides of the connecting member 41; a second mounting hole is provided on the front and rear side walls of the connecting tube 42 corresponding to the position of the first mounting hole. When the connecting tube 42 is installed in the connecting member 41, the connecting tube 42 is fixed in the connecting member 41 by passing bolts through the first mounting hole and the second mounting hole.

[0044] In a further embodiment, a connection hole 421 is formed in the top middle portion of the connecting tube 42. After one end of the connecting rope 43 passes through the connection hole 421, the end of the connecting rope 43 is tied with a figure-eight knot to connect the connecting rope 43 to the connecting tube 42, thereby preventing the connecting rope 43 from coming out. By using the connecting rope 43 and the knotted position-limiting structure and method, the inclined current meter 44 can be easily installed on the bracket 1, which is simple to operate and convenient to use.

[0045] like Figure 6-7 As shown, the connecting assembly 55 includes a pipe clamp 551 and a rod 552. The pipe clamp 551 is two arc-shaped saddle clamps that are sleeved on the outside of the outer sleeve 51 and are fixed to the outer sleeve 51 by tightening the two sides of the saddle clamps with bolts. The rod 552 is arranged horizontally in front and back, one end of which is fixedly welded to the side of the pipe clamp 551 near the bracket 1, and the other end is provided with an external thread. The side plate 12 has a hole (not shown) corresponding to the position of the rod 552. The rod 552 is inserted into the hole (not shown) and screwed into the nut to connect the rod 552 to the side plate 12. The connecting assembly 55 facilitates the installation and replacement of the collection mechanism 5. When not in use, the collection mechanism 5 can also be removed for storage or carrying, saving space.

[0046] In a further embodiment, each outer sleeve 51 is provided with two connection components 55 to improve connection stability.

[0047] like Figure 7-8As shown, two slots 511 are provided on both sides of the upper side wall of the outer sleeve 51, and the slots 511 include a first through slot 5111, a second through slot 5112 and a third through slot 5113. The first through slot 5111 is provided on the upper side wall of the outer sleeve 51 along the radial direction of the outer sleeve 51; the second through slot 5112 is provided on the side wall of the outer sleeve 51 along the circumferential direction of the outer sleeve 51, and one end thereof is connected with the first through slot 5111; the third through slot 5113 is provided on the side wall of the outer sleeve 51 along the radial direction of the outer sleeve 51, and the upper end thereof is connected with the other end of the second through slot 5112; the two slots 511 are centrally symmetrical with the center of the cross section of the outer sleeve 51; two horizontal connecting rods 521 are symmetrically provided on the outer side wall of the upper part of the inner sleeve 52, and the inner sleeve 52 is connected to the slots 511 of the outer sleeve 51 through the connecting rods 521. The structure of the clamping groove 511 and the clamping rod 521 can facilitate the connection and disassembly of the inner sleeve 52 and the outer sleeve 51, and is easy to use.

[0048] In a further embodiment, two through holes (not marked in the figure) are symmetrically provided on the lower part of the side wall of the outer sleeve 51, and a limiting nut 513 is provided on the side wall of the outer sleeve 51 corresponding to each through hole (not marked in the figure); the limiting nut 513 is internally threadedly connected to a limiting screw 512; by screwing the limiting screw 512 into the outer sleeve 51, the two sides of the collecting bottle 54 can be limited and fixed to ensure the stability of the collecting bottle 54.

[0049] In a further embodiment, a screen 522 is provided on the inner top of the inner sleeve 52 .

[0050] like Figure 1-2 As shown, it also includes a counterweight plate 6; the counterweight plate 6 is horizontally fixed to the bottom surface of the frame 11. By arranging the counterweight plate 6, the entire device can be stably placed on the bottom of the water.

[0051] like Figure 2 As shown, it also includes a lifting ring 13, which is distributed in a rectangular shape on the top surface of the frame 11. The lifting ring 13 can facilitate the entire device to be lifted into the bottom of the water, and is also convenient for recovery after use.

[0052] The working mode of the utility model is:

[0053] The entire device is sunk to the bottom of the water via the lifting ring 13 .

[0054] The sediment trap is lowered into a set depth and left for a period of time. The bottom sediment is photographed and recorded by the turbidity meter 23. Simultaneously, the sediment enters the inner casing 52 and then enters the collection bottle 54. The sediment is collected by the collection bottle 54. The thickness or weight of the captured sediment layer is measured, and based on the inlet area and the sediment collection time, the mass of sediment per unit area per unit time is calculated to obtain the sedimentation rate. Simultaneously, the wave meter 34 and the inclined current meter 44 also record data such as tide level, waves, and current velocity, respectively. These data are used to dynamically couple the sediment settling flux with the complex dynamic conditions of tide level, waves, and currents, thereby facilitating the study of the water and sediment transport mechanism in coral reef areas.

[0055] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principles of the present invention. These improvements and modifications should also be regarded as within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A portable coral reef site sediment flux monitoring device, comprising a bracket, a turbidity monitoring mechanism, a wave and tide monitoring mechanism, a flow rate monitoring mechanism, and a collection mechanism, characterized by: The bracket includes a frame and side panels; the frame is a rectangular frame structure; the side panels are fixed on the front and rear sides of the frame; the turbidity monitoring mechanism is fixed horizontally on the top of the frame; the wave monitoring mechanism is fixed horizontally on the bottom of the frame; the flow rate monitoring mechanism is arranged at the top of the frame, on the right side of the turbidity monitoring mechanism; the collecting mechanism is respectively arranged on the front and rear sides of the bracket, including an outer sleeve, an inner sleeve, a joint, a collecting bottle, and a connecting assembly; the outer sleeve is arranged vertically and is connected to the side panels through the connecting assembly; the inner sleeve is arranged in the outer sleeve and is detachably connected to the outer sleeve; the top of the joint is fixedly connected to the bottom of the outer sleeve; the top of the collecting bottle is detachably connected to the bottom of the joint.

2. A portable coral reef site sediment flux monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The turbidity monitoring mechanism includes a mounting plate, a mounting block, and a turbidity meter; the mounting plate is horizontally arranged on the top of the frame; the mounting block is arranged on the top surface of the mounting plate, and two are spaced apart on the left and right; the turbidity meter is fixed horizontally in the two mounting blocks on the left and right.

3. The portable coral reef site sediment flux monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The wave and tide monitoring mechanism includes a connecting column, a base plate, a fixed block, and a wave and tide meter; the connecting column is horizontally arranged at the bottom of the frame on the left and right, and two are arranged at intervals in the front and back; the base plate is horizontally arranged on the top surface of the two connecting columns; the fixed block is arranged on the top surface of the base plate, and two are arranged at intervals in the front and back; the wave and tide meter is horizontally arranged in the two fixed blocks on the left and right.

4. The portable coral reef site sediment flux monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The flow rate monitoring mechanism includes a connecting part, a connecting pipe, a connecting rope, and an inclined flow meter; the connecting part is arranged at intervals on the front and rear sides of the top of the frame, and the connecting part is a U-shaped structure with its opening downward; the connecting pipe is arranged horizontally in the front and rear of the two connecting parts; one end of the connecting rope is connected to the middle side wall of the connecting pipe, and the other end is connected to the inclined flow meter.

5. The portable coral reef site sediment flux monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The connecting assembly includes a pipe clamp and an insert rod. The pipe clamp is sleeved on the outside of the outer sleeve; the insert rod is arranged horizontally front and back, one end of which is fixedly connected to the pipe clamp and the other end is connected to the side plate.

6. The portable coral reef site sediment flux monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: Two clamping grooves are symmetrically provided on the upper side wall of the outer sleeve; horizontal clamping rods are symmetrically provided on the outer side wall of the upper part of the inner sleeve, and the inner sleeve is connected to the clamping grooves of the outer sleeve through the clamping rods.

7. The portable coral reef site sediment flux monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes hanging rings; the hanging rings are rectangularly distributed on the top surface of the frame.

8. The portable coral reef site sediment flux monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a counterweight plate; the counterweight plate is horizontally fixed on the bottom surface of the frame.

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