Antenna unit and communication equipment

Abstract

The embodiment of the utility model relates to the technical field of antennas, and discloses an antenna unit and communication equipment, and the antenna unit comprises a dielectric layer, a first metal layer and a second metal layer. The first metal layer is arranged on one side of the dielectric layer, the first metal layer is provided with a radiation patch and a microstrip line, the radiation patch is provided with a plurality of chamfers, and the radiation patch is connected with the microstrip line; the second metal layer is arranged on the other side of the dielectric layer, the second metal layer and the first metal layer are oppositely arranged, and one end of the second metal layer is perpendicular to the dielectric layer. Through the above mode, the embodiment of the utility model can work in a wider frequency range, thereby realizing the broadband characteristic, and having the advantage of miniaturization.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The embodiments of the present application relate to the field of antenna technology, and in particular to an antenna unit and a communication device. Background Art

[0002] Planar broadband omnidirectional antennas are important wireless communication components. Compared with traditional antennas, planar broadband omnidirectional antennas have simpler structures and are easier to integrate into miniaturized wireless communication terminals. At the same time, they are lower in cost. The broadband characteristics of planar broadband omnidirectional antennas enable the antennas to operate in a wider frequency range, thereby achieving higher data transmission rates.

[0003] During the implementation of the embodiments of the present application, the inventors found that the size of the planar broadband omnidirectional antenna is related to the resonant frequency, and it often has the defect of being large in size, which greatly limits its use in modern miniaturized wireless communication terminals. Utility Model Content

[0004] The main technical problem solved by the embodiments of the present application is to provide an antenna unit that can operate in a wider frequency range, thereby achieving broadband characteristics and having the advantage of miniaturization.

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, a technical solution adopted in an embodiment of the present application is: providing an antenna unit, including a dielectric layer, a first metal layer and a second metal layer; the first metal layer is arranged on one side of the dielectric layer, and the first metal layer is provided with a radiation patch and a microstrip line, the radiation patch is provided with multiple chamfers, and the radiation patch is connected to the microstrip line; the second metal layer is arranged on the other side of the dielectric layer, the second metal layer is arranged opposite to the first metal layer, and one end of the second metal layer is perpendicular to the dielectric layer.

[0006] Optionally, the radiation patch includes a first trapezoidal radiation portion, a second trapezoidal radiation portion and a rectangular radiation portion, the rectangular radiation portion is connected to the first trapezoidal radiation portion and the second trapezoidal radiation portion respectively, and the rectangular radiation portion is connected to the microstrip line, and one end of the microstrip line is vertically connected to one side of the dielectric layer.

[0007] Optionally, the length of the bottom side of the first trapezoidal radiating portion and the length of the bottom side of the second trapezoidal radiating portion are equal to the length of the rectangular radiating portion.

[0008] Optionally, the first trapezoidal radiating portion and the second trapezoidal radiating portion are symmetrically arranged with respect to the microstrip line.

[0009] Optionally, the first metal layer, the dielectric layer and the second metal layer are stacked in sequence.

[0010] Optionally, the perpendicular midline of the microstrip line, the perpendicular midline of the dielectric layer, and the perpendicular midline of the second metal layer overlap.

[0011] Optionally, the second metal layer is arranged in a rectangular shape.

[0012] Optionally, the dielectric constant of the dielectric layer is 3.38.

[0013] In order to solve the above technical problems, another technical solution adopted in the embodiment of the present application is: providing a communication device, which includes the antenna unit described in any one of the items.

[0014] An embodiment of the present application provides an antenna unit, including a dielectric layer, a first metal layer, and a second metal layer; the first metal layer is arranged on one side of the dielectric layer, and the first metal layer is provided with a radiation patch and a microstrip line, the radiation patch is provided with multiple chamfers, and the radiation patch is connected to the microstrip line; the second metal layer is arranged on the other side of the dielectric layer, the second metal layer is arranged opposite to the first metal layer, and one end of the second metal layer is perpendicular to the dielectric layer. By providing a radiation patch, and the radiation patch is provided with multiple chamfers, the resonant characteristics of the rectangular radiation patch can be changed, so that it can operate in a wider frequency range, thereby achieving broadband characteristics, and having the advantage of miniaturization. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] To more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of this application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly describes the drawings required for the specific embodiments or the description of the prior art. Similar elements or parts are generally identified by similar reference numerals throughout the drawings. Elements or parts in the drawings are not necessarily drawn to scale.

[0016] Figure 1 is an exploded view of the antenna unit according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0017] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of an antenna unit according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0018] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of a radiation patch of an antenna unit according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0019] Figure 4 is a plan view of the antenna unit according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0020] Figure 5 is another planar layout of the antenna unit according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0021] Figure 6 The reflection coefficient of the antenna unit in the embodiment of the present application changes with different L G Graph of changes in

[0022] Figure 7 The reflection coefficient of the antenna unit in the embodiment of the present application changes with different L T Graph of changes in

[0023] Figure 8 The reflection coefficient of the antenna unit in the embodiment of the present application varies with different W T Graph of changes in

[0024] Figure 9 This is a simulation diagram of the reflection coefficient results of the antenna unit of the embodiment of the present application;

[0025] Figure 10 This is a simulation result diagram of the maximum gain and radiation efficiency of the antenna unit in the embodiment of the present application.

[0026] The figure numbers in the specific implementation manner are as follows: 100, antenna unit; 10, dielectric layer; 20, first metal layer; 201, radiation patch; 211, chamfer; 212, first trapezoidal radiation portion; 213, second trapezoidal radiation portion; 214, rectangular radiation portion; 202, microstrip line; 203, chamfer; 30, second metal layer. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] In order to facilitate the understanding of the present application, the present application will be described in more detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be noted that when an element is described as being "fixed on" another element, it can be directly on the other element, or there can be one or more centered elements therebetween. When an element is described as being "connected to" another element, it can be directly connected to the other element, or there can be one or more centered elements therebetween. The terms "upper", "lower", "inside", "outside", "vertical", "horizontal", etc. used in this specification indicate an orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present application. In addition, the terms "first", "second", etc. are used for descriptive purposes only and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0028] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used in this specification have the same meanings as those commonly understood by those skilled in the art to which this application belongs. The terms used in this specification are for the purpose of describing specific embodiments only and are not intended to limit this application. The term "and / or" as used in this specification includes any and all combinations of one or more of the relevant listed items.

[0029] In addition, the technical features involved in different embodiments of the present application described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

[0030] See also Figure 1 and Figure 2 The antenna unit 100 includes: a dielectric layer 10, a first metal layer 20, and a second metal layer 30; the first metal layer 20 is arranged on one side of the dielectric layer 10D, and the first metal layer 20 is provided with a radiation patch 201 and a microstrip line 202. The radiation patch 201 is provided with multiple chamfers 211, and the radiation patch 201 is connected to the microstrip line 202; the second metal layer 30 is arranged on the other side of the dielectric layer 10, and the second metal layer 30 is arranged opposite to the first metal layer 20, and one end of the second metal layer 30 is perpendicular to the dielectric layer 10, which helps to ensure the consistency of antenna performance in different directions and avoid directional deviation. In some embodiments, the main resonant frequency of the rectangular patch antenna depends on its size and shape. By setting the chamfer 211, the effective area and shape of the radiator are changed, thereby changing its resonant frequency. The chamfer 211 is equivalent to introducing multiple small capacitors and inductors, which can affect the overall impedance and resonance characteristics of the radiation patch 201, thereby changing the resonant frequency.

[0031] See also Figure 3 The radiation patch 201 includes a first trapezoidal radiation portion 212, a second trapezoidal radiation portion 213 and a rectangular radiation portion 214. The rectangular radiation portion 214 is connected to the first trapezoidal radiation portion 212 and the second trapezoidal radiation portion 213 respectively, and the rectangular radiation is connected to the microstrip line 202. One end of the microstrip line 202 is vertically connected to one side of the dielectric layer 10, and the length of the bottom side of the first trapezoidal radiation portion 212 and the length of the bottom side of the second trapezoidal radiation portion 213 are equal to the length of the rectangular radiation portion 214. The first trapezoidal radiation portion 212 and the second trapezoidal radiation portion 213 are symmetrically arranged with respect to the microstrip line 202. Through the above arrangement, the current distribution unevenness inside the antenna unit 100 can be reduced, the loss inside the antenna can be reduced, and the radiation efficiency and maximum gain of the antenna can be improved.

[0032] In the embodiment of the present application, the first metal layer 20, the dielectric layer 10 and the second metal layer 30 are stacked in sequence, and the perpendicular midline of the microstrip line 202, the perpendicular midline of the dielectric layer 10 and the perpendicular midline of the second metal layer 30 overlap. The coincidence of the perpendicular midlines ensures the symmetry of the structure of the antenna unit 100, thereby simplifying the design and manufacturing process, and improving the stability of the antenna performance, and helping to ensure the consistency of the antenna's radiation performance in different directions, avoiding the occurrence of directional pattern distortion, thereby improving the stability and reliability of the antenna.

[0033] In the embodiment of the present application, the second metal layer 30 is arranged in a rectangular shape.

[0034] In the embodiment of the present application, the dielectric constant of the dielectric layer 10 is 3.38. In the embodiment of the present application, the dielectric constant of the dielectric layer is 3.38, the dielectric loss is 0.0022, and the thickness is 0.762mm; the first metal layer is copper-plated with a thickness of 0.035mm. The front and back of the design example layout are as follows Figure 4 and 5 As shown. Among them, L A is the length of the antenna unit 100, W A is the width of the antenna unit 100, L G is the length of the second metal layer 30, W G is the width of the second metal layer 30, L S is the length of the radiation patch 201, W S is the width of the radiation patch 201, L T W is the length of the chamfer subtracted from the radiation patch 201. T L is the width of the chamfer removed from the radiation patch 201. F is the length of the microstrip line 202 with a characteristic impedance of 50Ω, W F is the width of the microstrip line 202 with a characteristic impedance of 50Ω. In order to obtain a broadband antenna with good performance, the core parameter L G 、L T 、、W G Research on the impact on antenna performance, such as Figure 6-8 shown.

[0035] Depend on Figure 6 It can be seen that as the parameter L G As the passband reflection coefficient gets better, the lower passband edge moves up, the upper passband edge moves up, the center frequency gets larger, and the bandwidth gets larger.

[0036] Depend on Figure 7 It can be seen that as the parameter L T As the frequency becomes larger, the passband reflection coefficient becomes better, the lower passband edge remains unchanged, the upper passband edge moves up, the center frequency becomes larger, and the bandwidth becomes larger.

[0037] Depend on Figure 8 It can be seen that as the parameter L S3 As the frequency becomes larger, its passband reflection coefficient becomes better and then worse, the lower passband edge moves down, the upper passband edge moves up, the center frequency becomes larger, and the bandwidth becomes larger.

[0038] By optimizing the parameters, we can get a design example: L A =20.0mm,W A =20.0mm,L G =7.0mm,W G =20.0mm,L S =11.5mm,W S=16.0mm,L T =5.0mm,W T =2.0mm,L F =8.0mm,W F =1.8mm. The reflection coefficient of the broadband slot antenna after parameter optimization is as follows Figure 9 As shown in the figure, the bandwidth with a reflection coefficient less than -10dB is from 4.8 to 9.6GHz, with a center frequency of 7.1GHz, an absolute bandwidth of 4.8GHz, and a relative bandwidth of 67.6%, showing broadband characteristics. Within the passband, there are two transmission poles at 6.2GHz and 7.6GHz, respectively, ensuring maximum gain and flatness of radiation efficiency within the passband.

[0039] Figure 10 The simulation results of the maximum gain and radiation efficiency of the antenna unit 100 are shown in the figure. As can be seen from the figure, within the passband, its average maximum gain is 3.75dBi and its average radiation efficiency is 96.7%, showing the advantages of high maximum gain and radiation efficiency.

[0040] An embodiment of the present application provides an antenna unit 100, comprising a dielectric layer 10, a first metal layer 20, and a second metal layer 30; the first metal layer 20 is arranged on one side of the dielectric layer 10, and the first metal layer 20 is provided with a radiation patch 201 and a microstrip line 202, the radiation patch 201 is provided with multiple chamfers 211, and the radiation patch 201 is connected to the microstrip line 202; the second metal layer 30 is arranged on the other side of the dielectric layer 10, the second metal layer 30 is arranged opposite to the first metal layer 20, and one end of the second metal layer 30 is perpendicular to the dielectric layer 10. By providing the radiation patch 201, and the radiation patch 201 is provided with multiple chamfers 211, the resonant characteristics of the radiation patch 201 can be changed, so that it can operate in a wider frequency range, thereby achieving broadband characteristics and having the advantage of miniaturization.

[0041] The present application further provides an embodiment of a communication device, which includes the above-mentioned antenna unit 100. The specific structure and function of the antenna unit 100 can be found in the above-mentioned embodiment and will not be described in detail here.

[0042] The above description is merely an embodiment of the present application and does not limit the patent scope of the present application. Any equivalent structure or equivalent process transformation made using the contents of the present application specification and drawings, or directly or indirectly applied in other related technical fields, are also included in the patent protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. An antenna unit, characterized in that: include: dielectric layer; a first metal layer, disposed on one side of the dielectric layer, wherein the first metal layer is provided with a radiation patch and a microstrip line, wherein the radiation patch is provided with a plurality of chamfers, and the radiation patch is connected to the microstrip line; The second metal layer is arranged on the other side of the dielectric layer. The second metal layer is arranged opposite to the first metal layer, and one end of the second metal layer is perpendicular to the dielectric layer.

2. The antenna unit according to claim 1, wherein: The radiation patch includes a first trapezoidal radiation portion, a second trapezoidal radiation portion and a rectangular radiation portion, the rectangular radiation portion is connected to the first trapezoidal radiation portion and the second trapezoidal radiation portion respectively, and the rectangular radiation portion is connected to the microstrip line, and one end of the microstrip line is vertically connected to one side of the dielectric layer.

3. The antenna unit according to claim 2, wherein: The length of the bottom side of the first trapezoidal radiating portion, the length of the bottom side of the second trapezoidal radiating portion and the length of the rectangular radiating portion are equal.

4. The antenna unit according to claim 2, wherein: The first trapezoidal radiating portion and the second trapezoidal radiating portion are symmetrically arranged with respect to the microstrip line.

5. The antenna unit according to claim 1, wherein: The first metal layer, the dielectric layer and the second metal layer are stacked in sequence.

6. The antenna unit according to claim 1, wherein: The perpendicular midline of the microstrip line, the perpendicular midline of the dielectric layer, and the perpendicular midline of the second metal layer overlap.

7. The antenna unit according to claim 1, wherein: The second metal layer is arranged in a rectangular shape.

8. The antenna unit according to claim 1, wherein: The dielectric constant of the dielectric layer is 3.

38.

9. A communication device, characterized in that: The antenna unit comprises the antenna unit according to any one of claims 1 to 8.

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