Hollow variable-diameter annular bone taking drill

Abstract

The utility model provides a hollow variable diameter annular bone taking drill which comprises a cutting cylinder and a positioning rod arranged in the cutting cylinder in a penetrating mode, a cutting edge is arranged at the cutting end of the cutting cylinder in the circumferential direction, the positioning end of the positioning rod is arranged on the outer side of the cutting end of the cutting cylinder in a protruding mode, and a cutting cylinder large diameter section is arranged on the inner side of the cutting cylinder. A cutting cylinder small-diameter section is arranged on the inner side of the cutting end of the cutting cylinder, and the inner diameter of the cutting cylinder large-diameter section is larger than that of the cutting cylinder small-diameter section. Stability of bone tissue taking is improved, and the bone tissue is prevented from sliding out of the cutting cylinder.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the field of bone trepanning drills, in particular to a hollow variable-diameter annular bone trepanning drill. Background Art

[0002] A bone trephine drill is a common medical device widely used in orthopedic surgery. During bone extraction, the drill is driven by a motor to rotate, perforating the bone tissue and removing it. Existing bone trephine drills typically have a cutting barrel. The barrel rotates, cutting the bone tissue as it is squeezed into the barrel. The bone tissue can then be removed from the barrel.

[0003] However, since the outer layer of bone tissue is high-density and hard cortical bone and the inner layer is low-density cancellous bone, the existing bone extraction operation generally requires using a pilot drill to open the cortical bone and then using a bone extraction ring drill to perform rotary cutting. This method firstly causes waste of cortical bone and secondly the cancellous bone is easy to slip out in the sleeve.

[0004] If the cortical bone and cancellous bone are removed at the same time, when the cortical bone is cut by the trephine, the inner wall of the cutting tube is easily blocked by the cortical bone during bone removal, and more bone tissue cannot enter the cutting tube smoothly, and it is difficult to remove it after being stuck. Utility Model Content

[0005] The utility model aims to provide a hollow, diameter-variable annular bone drill which increases the stability when bone tissue is taken out and prevents the bone tissue from slipping out of a cutting barrel.

[0006] In order to solve the above technical problems, the utility model provides a hollow variable diameter annular bone drill, comprising a cutting tube and a positioning rod passed through the cutting tube, the cutting end of the cutting tube is provided with a cutting edge along the circumferential direction, the positioning end of the positioning rod is protrudingly provided on the outside of the cutting end of the cutting tube, a large diameter section of the cutting tube is provided on the inner side of the cutting tube, a small diameter section of the cutting tube is provided on the inner side of the cutting end of the cutting tube, and the inner diameter of the large diameter section of the cutting tube is greater than the inner diameter of the small diameter section of the cutting tube.

[0007] Furthermore, a flange is provided on the outer periphery of the positioning rod, and the cutting cylinder has a discharge port at one end away from the cutting end. A transmission groove is provided on the inner side of the discharge port, and the flange matches the transmission groove.

[0008] Furthermore, a detachable sleeve is provided on the outer periphery of the discharge port with a locking piece, and the locking piece and the transmission groove limit the two sides of the flange respectively.

[0009] Furthermore, a cutting barrel transition section is provided between the large diameter section of the cutting barrel and the small diameter section of the cutting barrel.

[0010] Furthermore, a plurality of through holes are opened on the outer circumference of the cutting cylinder, and the through holes penetrate from the outer side of the cutting cylinder to the inner side of the cutting cylinder.

[0011] Furthermore, the end of the positioning rod away from the positioning end has a transmission plane, and a ball groove is opened on one side of the transmission plane along the circumferential direction.

[0012] Furthermore, the angle between the transition section of the cutting tube and the large diameter section of the cutting tube is 120°-150°.

[0013] Furthermore, the outer periphery of the locking member is provided with a pattern, and the outer periphery of the locking member is provided with at least two planes.

[0014] Furthermore, the positioning end of the positioning rod has a cutter head structure.

[0015] The beneficial effect of the present invention is that the positioning rod is positioned against the position where the bone is to be cut and removed, and then the cutting cylinder is driven to rotate synchronously by the positioning rod, so that the cutting edge performs circular cutting on the bone removal position. After the cortical bone is cut and enters the cutting end of the cutting cylinder, the cutting cylinder continues to cut downward, so that the cancellous bone pushes the cortical bone. Since the cortical bone is located in the small diameter section of the cutting cylinder, the cortical bone will enter the large diameter section of the cutting cylinder when it is pushed, and the setting method of the large diameter section of the cutting cylinder being larger than the inner diameter of the small diameter section of the cutting cylinder ensures that the cortical bone will not be stuck on the inner side of the cutting end of the cutting cylinder, thereby avoiding the situation where the cortical bone is difficult to enter the cutting cylinder. At the same time, after both the cortical bone and the cancellous bone enter the inside of the cutting cylinder, the bone tissue in the cylinder can be limited to a certain extent by the small diameter section of the cutting cylinder, avoiding the situation where the bone tissue slides out of the cylinder after the cutting cylinder is pulled out. Bone removal by the above method can effectively utilize the cortical bone and avoid the problem that the cortical bone is difficult to enter the cutting cylinder or the bone tissue is easy to slip. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 It is a structural diagram of the present utility model.

[0017] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the present utility model.

[0018] Figure 3 It is a structural diagram of the positioning rod in the utility model.

[0019] Figure 4 It is an installation diagram of the utility model.

[0020] Figure numerals: 1. cutting cylinder; 2. positioning rod; 3. cutting edge; 4. large diameter section of cutting cylinder; 5. small diameter section of cutting cylinder; 6. flange; 7. discharge port; 8. transmission groove; 9. locking piece; 10. transition section of cutting cylinder; 11. through hole; 12. transmission plane; 13. ball groove; 14. cutter head structure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the embodiments described are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0022] Those skilled in the art should understand that, in the disclosure of the present invention, the terms "longitudinal", "transverse", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside" and the like indicating the orientation or position relationship are based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, which are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, the above terms cannot be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0023] It is to be understood that the term "one" should be understood as "at least one" or "one or more", that is, in one embodiment, the number of an element may be one, while in another embodiment, the number of the elements may be multiple, and the term "one" should not be understood as a limitation on the quantity.

[0024] like Figure 1-4 The utility model provides a hollow variable diameter annular bone drill, comprising a cutting tube 1 and a positioning rod 2 passed through the cutting tube 1, the cutting end of the cutting tube 1 is provided with a cutting edge 3 along the circumferential direction, the positioning end of the positioning rod 2 is protrudingly provided on the outside of the cutting end of the cutting tube 1, a cutting tube large diameter section 4 is provided on the inner side of the cutting tube 1, a cutting tube small diameter section 5 is provided on the inner side of the cutting end of the cutting tube 1, and the inner diameter of the cutting tube large diameter section 4 is larger than the inner diameter of the cutting tube small diameter section 5.

[0025] The positioning rod is placed against the position where the bone needs to be cut and harvested for positioning, and then the cutting cylinder is driven to rotate synchronously by the positioning rod, so that the cutting edge performs circular cutting on the bone harvesting position. After the cortical bone is cut and enters the cutting end of the cutting cylinder, the cutting cylinder continues to cut downward, so that the cancellous bone pushes the cortical bone. Since the cortical bone is located in the small diameter section of the cutting cylinder, the cortical bone will enter the large diameter section of the cutting cylinder when pushed, and the setting method of the large diameter section of the cutting cylinder having an inner diameter greater than the small diameter section of the cutting cylinder prevents the cortical bone from being stuck on the inner side of the cutting end of the cutting cylinder, thereby avoiding the situation where the cortical bone is difficult to enter the cutting cylinder. At the same time, after both the cortical bone and the cancellous bone enter the inside of the cutting cylinder, the small diameter section of the cutting cylinder can be used to limit the bone tissue in the cylinder to a certain extent, to avoid the situation where the bone tissue slides out of the cylinder after the cutting cylinder is pulled out. Bone harvesting by the above method can make effective use of the cortical bone and avoid the problem of the cortical bone being difficult to enter the cutting cylinder or the bone tissue easily slipping.

[0026] Among them, the side of the positioning rod away from the positioning end is connected to the motor, and the positioning rod is rotated by controlling the motor, thereby ensuring that the positioning rod can stably control the cutting barrel to perform circular cutting.

[0027] It is worth mentioning that the positioning end of the positioning rod has a cutter head structure 14 to ensure that the positioning rod can be accurately positioned and does not slip; at least three groups of cutting edges are provided at the end of the cutting cylinder.

[0028] Preferably, a flange 6 is provided on the outer periphery of the positioning rod 2 , and the cutting cylinder 1 has a discharge port 7 at one end away from the cutting end. A transmission groove 8 is provided inside the discharge port 7 , and the flange 6 matches the transmission groove 8 .

[0029] Specifically, by matching the flange with the transmission groove, the positioning rod can drive the cutting cylinder to rotate and switch through the transmission groove when it rotates. After the bone removal is completed, the cutting cylinder is pulled out of the bone tissue position. At this time, the positioning rod is taken out from the discharge port on one side of the cutting cylinder, and the bone tissue is driven synchronously, so that the bone tissue can be removed from the discharge port position away from the small diameter section of the cutting cylinder to avoid the situation where the bone tissue is limited by the small diameter section of the cutting cylinder, resulting in difficulty in bone removal.

[0030] At the same time, due to the setting of the transmission groove, when the positioning rod is installed from the discharge port to the inner side of the cutting cylinder, the position of the positioning rod can be positioned by matching the transmission groove and the flange to ensure that the positioning end of the positioning rod can protrude to the outside of the cutting end of the cutting cylinder.

[0031] The flange has at least one plane, and the transmission groove has at least one corresponding plane. In one embodiment of the present solution, both the flange and the transmission groove are configured as a hexagonal structure.

[0032] Preferably, a detachable sleeve is provided on the outer periphery of the discharge port 7 with a locking member 9 , and the locking member 9 and the transmission groove 8 limit the two sides of the flange 6 respectively.

[0033] Specifically, after the positioning rod is installed to the inner side of the cutting barrel, the locking piece is installed to one side of the flange, so that the locking piece and the transmission groove limit the two sides of the flange, thereby limiting and fixing the positioning rod. Moreover, since the locking piece is detachably connected to the outer periphery of the discharge port, when removing bones and removing the positioning rod, the positioning rod can be conveniently removed and the bone tissue can be removed by removing the locking piece.

[0034] In one embodiment of the present scheme, the locking member may adopt a locking nut structure, which is connected to the outer periphery of the discharge port through a thread, and the positioning rod is passed through the locking nut position to ensure that the positioning rod can be connected to the motor for transmission.

[0035] Among them, the outer periphery of the locking nut is provided with a pattern to increase the stability when the locking nut is screwed; in a preferred embodiment of this scheme, the outer periphery of the locking nut is provided with at least two planes so that when the locking nut is disassembled, it can be assisted by tools such as a wrench.

[0036] Preferably, a cutting barrel transition section 10 is provided between the cutting barrel large diameter section 4 and the cutting barrel small diameter section 5 .

[0037] Specifically, by setting the transition section of the cutting barrel, bone tissue can more easily enter the large diameter section of the cutting barrel and avoid bone tissue being stuck between the large diameter section and the small diameter section.

[0038] In a preferred embodiment of this solution, the angle between the cutting barrel transition section 11 and the cutting barrel large diameter section 4 is 120°-150°.

[0039] Preferably, a plurality of through holes 11 are opened on the outer circumference of the cutting cylinder 1 , and the through holes 11 penetrate from the outer side of the cutting cylinder 1 to the inner side of the cutting cylinder 1 .

[0040] Specifically, through the setting of the through hole, when the cutting tube cuts and removes bone tissue, the bone removal position can be effectively cooled and dissipated through the through hole, and when the bone tissue in the cutting tube is removed, the bone tissue can be assisted in being removed through the through hole.

[0041] Preferably, the positioning rod 2 has a transmission plane 12 at one end away from the positioning end, and a ball groove 13 is provided on one side of the transmission plane 12 along the circumferential direction.

[0042] Specifically, the output end of the motor is connected to one end of the positioning rod having a transmission plane, so that the output end of the motor can form a transmission connection with the positioning rod through the transmission plane. At the same time, due to the setting of the ball groove, the end of the positioning tube can be limited by the ball bearing.

[0043] The present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned optimal implementation mode. Anyone can derive other forms of products under the inspiration of the present invention. However, no matter what changes are made in the shape or structure, any technical solution that is the same or similar to that of the present application falls within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A hollow, variable-diameter, annular bone drill, characterized by: The invention comprises a cutting cylinder (1) and a positioning rod (2) which is inserted into the cutting cylinder (1); the cutting end of the cutting cylinder (1) is provided with a cutting edge (3) along the circumferential direction; the positioning end of the positioning rod (2) is protrudingly provided outside the cutting end of the cutting cylinder (1); a cutting cylinder large diameter section (4) is provided inside the cutting cylinder (1); a cutting cylinder small diameter section (5) is provided inside the cutting end of the cutting cylinder (1); and the inner diameter of the cutting cylinder large diameter section (4) is larger than the inner diameter of the cutting cylinder small diameter section (5); and the positioning end of the positioning rod (2) has a cutter head structure (14).

2. The hollow variable diameter annular bone drill according to claim 1, characterized in that: A flange (6) is provided on the outer periphery of the positioning rod (2); an end of the cutting cylinder (1) away from the cutting end has a discharge port (7); a transmission groove (8) is provided inside the discharge port (7), and the flange (6) matches the transmission groove (8).

3. The hollow variable diameter annular bone drill according to claim 2, characterized in that: A detachable sleeve is provided on the outer periphery of the discharge port (7) with a locking piece (9), and the locking piece (9) and the transmission groove (8) respectively limit the two sides of the flange (6).

4. The hollow variable diameter annular bone drill according to claim 1, characterized in that: A cutting barrel transition section (10) is provided between the cutting barrel large diameter section (4) and the cutting barrel small diameter section (5).

5. The hollow variable diameter annular bone drill according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of through holes (11) are provided on the outer periphery of the cutting cylinder (1), and the through holes (11) penetrate from the outer side of the cutting cylinder (1) to the inner side of the cutting cylinder (1).

6. The hollow variable diameter annular bone drill according to claim 1, characterized in that: The positioning rod (2) has a transmission plane (12) at one end away from the positioning end, and a ball groove (13) is provided on one side of the transmission plane (12) along the circumferential direction.

7. The hollow variable diameter annular bone drill according to claim 4, characterized in that: The angle between the cutting tube transition section (10) and the cutting tube large diameter section (4) is 120°-150°.

8. The hollow variable diameter annular bone drill according to claim 3, characterized in that: The outer periphery of the locking piece (9) is provided with a pattern, and the outer periphery of the locking piece (9) is provided with at least two planes.

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