High-power hydrogen fuel cell tractor chassis

Abstract

The utility model relates to a high-power hydrogen fuel cell tractor chassis which comprises a frame, hydrogen storage systems, a fuel cell system, a power cell and high-low voltage accessories, the frame comprises a front frame, a middle frame and a rear frame, the fuel cell system is arranged on the front frame, the power cell is arranged on the middle frame, the hydrogen storage systems are arranged on the left outer side and the right outer side of the middle frame, and the high-low voltage accessories are arranged on the rear frame. An electrical frame is vertically arranged between the front frame and the middle frame, and a high-voltage fan and high-low voltage accessories are further arranged on the electrical frame. The hydrogen storage system is laterally hung on the outer sides of the two sides of the vehicle frame and is prevented from being limited by the width direction of the whole vehicle, the hydrogen storage capacity of the hydrogen storage system is greatly improved, meanwhile, the high-pressure fan adopts a high-position air inducing mode, heat of the fuel cell system is guided upwards and exhausted to air outside a vehicle head, and the energy consumption is reduced. Therefore, hot air is prevented from eroding electrical components of the middle and rear frame, the heat dissipation performance of the whole vehicle is improved, and adverse effects on the performance of the whole vehicle and the durability of the components are reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of hydrogen fuel vehicles, and more specifically to a high-power hydrogen fuel cell tractor chassis. Background Art

[0002] Currently, most hydrogen fuel cell heavy-duty trucks on the market are modified from fuel-powered vehicles. Due to the long-range requirements of heavy-duty trucks, their layout often adopts a rear-mounted hydrogen tank, a side-mounted power battery and radiator, and a mid-mounted motor and gearbox. For example, a prior art disclosure of a tractor truck chassis platform suitable for fuel cells and a tractor truck (202110406317.5) relates to the field of hydrogen energy vehicle technology and includes a vehicle frame, a fuel cell stack assembly, a power distribution unit, a high-voltage distribution box, a hydrogen tank assembly, a motor assembly, a supercapacitor, a motor controller, a power battery, and a drive assembly. The fuel cell stack assembly, power distribution unit, and high-voltage distribution box are all located on the front frame, the hydrogen tank assembly, motor assembly, supercapacitor, and motor controller are all located on the midframe, and the power battery and supercapacitor are both located on the rear frame. The hydrogen tank assembly is used to store hydrogen and transport it to the fuel cell stack assembly. The fuel cell stack assembly is used to perform fuel cell chemical reactions and transmit the generated electricity to the supercapacitor. The supercapacitor stores the electricity generated by the fuel cell stack assembly and provides electricity to the power battery.

[0003] However, existing fuel cell heavy-duty trucks and the above-mentioned patents all adopt the method of arranging hydrogen cylinders behind the cab. Due to the length limitation of the hydrogen cylinder frame in the width direction of the entire vehicle, the hydrogen in the rear hydrogen cylinder frame is limited, thereby limiting the driving range after a single hydrogen refueling; other components are already arranged inside and on both sides of the frame, and the hydrogen storage capacity cannot be expanded.

[0004] In addition, since the front end of the frame is the motor radiator, and the two sides of the frame below the rear gas cylinder are the battery stack radiators, the water path of the motor cooling system is relatively long; and the battery stack radiators on both sides exhaust air into the frame, the electrical components behind the radiator fan will be in a state of being heated by hot air, especially the air compressor, battery cooling system, etc., which will have an adverse effect on the performance of the entire vehicle and the durability of the components. Utility Model Content

[0005] In order to solve the above problems, the utility model provides a high-power hydrogen fuel cell tractor chassis to solve the problems of limited layout of existing hydrogen cylinders, difficulty in expanding hydrogen storage capacity, heat dissipation and exhaust of the chassis into the frame, causing the rear electrical components to be heated by the hot air, affecting the performance of the entire vehicle and the durability of the components.

[0006] The utility model adopts the following technical solutions:

[0007] A high-power hydrogen fuel cell tractor chassis includes a frame, a hydrogen storage system, a fuel cell system, a power battery, and high and low voltage accessories. The frame includes a front frame, a middle frame, and a rear frame. The fuel cell system is arranged on the front frame, the power battery is arranged on the middle frame, and the hydrogen storage system is arranged on the left and right outer sides of the middle frame. An electrical frame is vertically arranged between the front frame and the middle frame. The electrical frame is also provided with a high-voltage fan for dissipating heat for the fuel cell system and the high and low voltage accessories. The power battery is electrically connected to the high and low voltage accessories. The fuel cell system is connected to the hydrogen storage system pipeline and is electrically connected to the power battery and the high and low voltage accessories respectively.

[0008] Furthermore, the hydrogen storage system includes two hydrogen storage racks and two hydrogen storage bottles. The two hydrogen storage racks are fixedly installed on the left and right outer sides of the middle frame respectively, and the two hydrogen storage bottles are placed in the two hydrogen storage racks respectively.

[0009] Furthermore, the electrical frame is located at the rear side of the front of the tractor, the high-voltage fan is arranged in the upper part of the electrical frame, and the high and low voltage accessories are arranged in the lower part of the electrical frame.

[0010] Preferably, the air outlet direction of the high-pressure fan is arranged in the same direction as the driving direction of the vehicle, and the air outlet of the high-pressure fan is connected to the outside air at the rear side of the vehicle front.

[0011] Further preferably, an air guide grille is provided on the upper portion of the electrical frame, and the air guide grille is located at the air outlet of the high-pressure fan.

[0012] Furthermore, the front frame is provided with a steering system and a front independent suspension, and the rear frame is provided with an electric drive axle and a composite eight-airbag suspension.

[0013] Preferably, the front independent suspension is a front independent air spring suspension.

[0014] From the above description of the structure of the utility model, it can be seen that compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following advantages:

[0015] 1. The hydrogen storage bottles of the hydrogen storage system of the utility model are hung on the outside of both sides of the frame, thereby avoiding the size of the hydrogen storage bottles being limited by the length limit occupied in the width direction of the entire vehicle, and greatly increasing the hydrogen storage capacity of the hydrogen storage system.

[0016] 2. The high-pressure fan of the utility model adopts a high-position air induction method to guide the heat of the fuel cell system upward and discharge it to the air outside the front of the vehicle, thereby preventing the hot air from the fuel cell system from eroding the electrical components of the middle frame and rear frame, improving the heat dissipation performance of the entire vehicle, and reducing the adverse effects on the performance of the entire vehicle and the durability of the components.

[0017] 3. The front axle of the utility model adopts a front independent air spring suspension solution, which optimizes the middle space of the front axle and reduces the layout height of the high-power fuel cell system, so as to facilitate the flattening or lowering of the cab floor layout. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the main structure of a tractor using the present utility model.

[0019] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the utility model.

[0020] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the top view structure of the utility model.

[0021] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the exploded top view of the utility model.

[0022] Figure 5 It is a right side structural schematic diagram of the present utility model.

[0023] Among them, the numbers in the figure are: frame 10, front frame 11, middle frame 12, rear frame 13; hydrogen storage system 20, hydrogen storage frame 21, hydrogen storage bottle 22; fuel cell system 30, power battery 40, electrical frame 50, steering system 61, front independent suspension 62, electric drive axle 63, composite eight-airbag suspension 64, high-pressure fan 70, front of the vehicle 80. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] The specific implementation of the embodiment of the present utility model is described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0025] Reference Figures 1 to 4 A high-power hydrogen fuel cell tractor chassis includes a frame 10, a hydrogen storage system 20, a fuel cell system 30, a power battery 40, and high and low voltage accessories (not shown). In this embodiment, the frame 10 is defined as the front direction of the vehicle's front 80 and the rear direction of the vehicle's rear. The frame 10 comprises a front frame 11, a middle frame 12, and a rear frame 13. An electrical frame 50 is disposed between the front frame 11 and the middle frame 12. The electrical frame 50 is vertically mounted on the frame 10. The front 80 of the tractor is partially disposed on the front frame 11, and the rear side of the front 80 of the tractor extends to the electrical frame 50. The front frame 11 is provided with a steering system 61 and a front independent suspension 62, while the rear frame 13 is provided with an electric drive axle 63 and a composite eight-airbag suspension 64.

[0026] Reference Figures 2 to 4The fuel cell system 30 is arranged on the front frame 11, the power battery 40 is arranged on the middle frame 12, the hydrogen storage system 20 is arranged on the left and right outer sides of the middle frame 12, and the high and low voltage accessories are arranged on the electrical frame 50. At the same time, the electrical frame 50 is also provided with a high-voltage fan 70 for dissipating heat for the fuel cell system 30. The power battery 40 is electrically connected to the high and low voltage accessories. The fuel cell system 30 is connected to the hydrogen storage system 20 by pipeline, and is electrically connected to the power battery 40 and the high and low voltage accessories respectively.

[0027] Specifically, refer to Figure 3 and Figure 4 The hydrogen storage system 20 includes two hydrogen storage racks 21 and two hydrogen storage bottles 22. The two hydrogen storage racks 21 are fixedly installed on the left and right outer sides of the middle frame 12, and the two hydrogen storage bottles 22 are placed in the two hydrogen storage racks 21. In this embodiment, the two hydrogen storage bottles 22 are side-mounted liquid hydrogen storage bottles 22. The nominal volume of a single gas cylinder exceeds 500L, the filling volume reaches 32kg, and the total filling volume of the hydrogen storage system 20 reaches 64kg. The hydrogen storage bottles 22 of the utility model are hung on the outside of both sides of the frame, thereby avoiding the size of the hydrogen storage bottles 22 being limited by the length limit occupied in the width direction of the entire vehicle, greatly increasing the hydrogen storage capacity of the hydrogen storage system 20; in addition, the filling port, return port, and liquid outlet of the hydrogen storage system 20 are arranged in the rear direction of the front 80 of the vehicle, avoiding the position where arcs are easily generated, and an integrated pipeline is used to supply hydrogen to the hydrogen fuel system, further improving the safety of the entire vehicle.

[0028] Reference Figure 3 and Figure 4 The present invention utilizes a high-power fuel cell system 30, integrating a fuel cell stack, cooling system, expander, all-in-one DCF, and anode system. The system boasts a compact design and a power output exceeding 200 kW. The fuel cell system 30 is mounted on the front axle of the front frame 11. To facilitate installation, the front axle of this embodiment utilizes a front independent air spring suspension solution, optimizing the mid-axle space and reducing the height of the high-power fuel cell system 30, thereby facilitating a flattened or lowered cab floor layout.

[0029] Reference Figure 1 、 Figure 2 and Figure 5The high-pressure fan 70 is located within the upper portion of the electrical frame 50, while the high- and low-voltage accessories are located within the lower portion. The high-pressure fan 70 directs air in the same direction as the vehicle's travel direction, and its outlet communicates with the ambient air behind the front 80. An air guide grille (not shown) is located above the electrical frame 50, located at the outlet of the high-pressure fan 70. In this embodiment, the heat dissipation module controller and radiator assembly of the high-pressure fan 70 are integrated, reducing the DCL and VTM requirements compared to low-pressure fans and facilitating vehicle layout. Given the same heat dissipation core, the high-pressure fan 70 boasts a 35% improvement in heat dissipation capacity compared to a low-pressure fan. Furthermore, the high-pressure fan 70 utilizes a high-position air induction method, directing heat from the fuel cell system 30 upward and toward the ambient air outside the front 80. This prevents hot air from the fuel cell system 30 from eroding electrical components on the mid-frame 12 and rear frame 13, improving vehicle heat dissipation and minimizing adverse effects on vehicle performance and component durability.

[0030] High and low voltage accessories such as all-in-one, high voltage box, motor controller, low voltage controller, etc. are preferably installed on the electrical frame 50 to improve the space utilization of the entire vehicle and optimize the layout of the entire vehicle.

[0031] In addition, the chassis of this embodiment can also adopt an integrated three-source heat pump system (not shown in the figure) to achieve heating or cooling of the cab and battery, as well as heat dissipation of the motor and electronic control, significantly reducing the vehicle's power consumption during winter driving and solving or alleviating the problem of electric vehicle mileage degradation in winter.

[0032] The above is only a specific implementation method of the present invention, but the design concept of the present invention is not limited to this. Any non-substantial changes to the present invention using this concept shall be deemed as an infringement of the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A high-power hydrogen fuel cell tractor chassis, comprising a frame, a hydrogen storage system, a fuel cell system, a power battery, and high and low voltage accessories. The frame comprises a front frame, a middle frame, and a rear frame, and is characterized by: The fuel cell system is arranged on the front frame, the power battery is arranged on the middle frame, and the hydrogen storage system is arranged on the left and right outer sides of the middle frame. An electrical frame is vertically arranged between the front frame and the middle frame. The electrical frame is also provided with a high-voltage fan and the high and low voltage accessories for cooling the fuel cell system. The power battery is electrically connected to the high and low voltage accessories. The fuel cell system is connected to the hydrogen storage system pipeline, and is electrically connected to the power battery and the high and low voltage accessories respectively.

2. The high-power hydrogen fuel cell tractor chassis according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hydrogen storage system includes two hydrogen storage racks and two hydrogen storage bottles. The two hydrogen storage racks are fixedly installed on the left and right outer sides of the middle frame respectively, and the two hydrogen storage bottles are placed in the two hydrogen storage racks respectively.

3. The high-power hydrogen fuel cell tractor chassis according to claim 1, characterized in that: The electrical frame is located at the rear side of the front of the tractor, the high-voltage fan is arranged in the upper part of the electrical frame, and the high- and low-voltage accessories are arranged in the lower part of the electrical frame.

4. The high-power hydrogen fuel cell tractor chassis according to claim 3, characterized in that: The air outlet direction of the high-pressure fan is arranged in the same direction as the driving direction of the vehicle, and the air outlet of the high-pressure fan is connected to the outside air at the rear side of the vehicle head.

5. The high-power hydrogen fuel cell tractor chassis according to claim 3, characterized in that: An air guide grille is provided on the upper portion of the electrical frame, and the air guide grille is located at the air outlet of the high-pressure fan.

6. The high-power hydrogen fuel cell tractor chassis according to claim 1, characterized in that: The front frame is also provided with a steering system and a front independent suspension, and the rear frame is provided with an electric drive axle and a composite eight-airbag suspension.

7. The high-power hydrogen fuel cell tractor chassis according to claim 6, characterized in that: The front independent suspension is a front independent air spring suspension.

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