Automatic unhooking device
Through the design of the automatic decoupling device, automatic decoupling is achieved using fixed hooks, limit links, swing cylinders and controllers, which solves the safety and applicability problems caused by human control in the prior art, and realizes safe and reliable automatic decoupling and delay functions.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202422638966.X
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-10-31
- Publication Date
- 2025-08-12
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-10-31
AI Technical Summary
The existing decoupling devices rely on manual control, which has problems such as low security, poor applicability, easy to operate incorrectly and inability to achieve delayed decoupling.
An automatic decoupling device is designed, using a fixed hook, limit link, swing cylinder, rotating hook, limit block and controller. It realizes automatic decoupling control through compressed air pipes and solenoid valves, and has self-locking function and delayed decoupling capability.
It improves the safety and reliability of the decoupling device, avoids malfunctions, is flexible in operation, is more applicable, and can achieve delayed decoupling.
Smart Images
Figure CN223213657U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of unhooking safety, and in particular relates to an automatic unhooking device. Background Art
[0002] Newly installed or overhauled fall arresters must undergo a decoupling test and pass the test before use. Shaft cage fall arresters in use should undergo a non-decoupling test every six months and a decoupling test annually. Decoupling devices are also required to simulate rope breakage accidents when lifting heavy objects, or during emergency drills for lifting equipment.
[0003] At present, the uncoupling device is generally manually controlled, and its use has the following disadvantages:
[0004] 1. During operation, if the force direction is incorrect, the purpose of unhooking may not be achieved; at the same time, additional external force needs to be added to the unhooking device during unhooking, which may cause the suspended equipment and the hook to be on different vertical lines. If unhooking fails, the equipment will swing in the air.
[0005] 2. If the unhooking device is too sensitive, it is easy to cause misoperation accidents. That is, when hooking or lifting, the unhooking device malfunctions, causing unhooking accidents. At this time, because people are too close to the hoisted equipment, they do not have time to evacuate to a safe area, which is very likely to cause personal injury accidents.
[0006] 3. At the same time, since this type of unhooking device must be operated by external force, a long rope is usually tied to the operating handle. If the rope is not selected properly, the weight of the rope or the rope getting caught during movement can easily cause the unhooking device to malfunction.
[0007] 4. There is too much human intervention in the decoupling process, and decoupling can only be performed under manually set conditions. For example, if you want to achieve decoupling, you must do it manually. In other words, the time and location of the decoupling are all under human control, and delayed decoupling within the set time cannot be achieved. Utility Model Content
[0008] In order to solve at least one of the above technical problems existing in the prior art, the utility model provides an automatic unhooking device.
[0009] The utility model adopts the following technical solutions to achieve: an automatic unhooking device, including a fixed hook, a limit link, a swing cylinder, a rotating hook, a limit block and a controller; a connecting ring is provided at the upper end of the fixed hook, the connecting ring is used to be connected to the crane hook through a wire rope or a lifting chain, the rotating hook is rotatably connected to the bottom end of the fixed hook, the limit link is rotatably connected to the middle part of the fixed hook and the first end is connected to the cylinder push rod of the swing cylinder installed on the fixed hook, the second end of the limit link has a bending portion for limiting the rotating hook in the counterclockwise direction, the limit block is provided on the fixed hook and is used to limit the rotating hook in the clockwise direction; the air inlet of the swing cylinder is connected to a compressed air pipeline, and the solenoid valve M in the compressed air pipeline is electrically connected to the controller.
[0010] Preferably, the swing cylinder includes a cylinder body, a cylinder push rod, a one-way valve, an air inlet, an exhaust valve, a piston, and a return spring; the bottom end of the cylinder body is connected to a fixed hook, the piston is slidably arranged in the cylinder body and is respectively connected to a cylinder push rod and a return spring at both ends, the one-way valve is located in the air inlet on the cylinder body, the exhaust valve is located at the air outlet on the cylinder body, and the cylinder push rod is connected to the limit connecting rod through a connecting pin.
[0011] Preferably, the right side of the middle part of the fixed hook is rotatably connected to the limit link through a connecting pin, and the bent hook of the fixed hook is rotatably connected to the rotating hook through a connecting pin, and the installation positions of the swing cylinder and the limit block are both located at the lower end of the limit link.
[0012] Preferably, the upper and lower ends of the connecting ring are respectively connected to the wire rope or chain and the upper end of the fixed hook through connecting pins, the limiting connecting rod is an L-shaped structure, and the connection between the rotating hook and the fixed hook is located at the bending part of the rotating hook.
[0013] Preferably, the controller includes a PLC control board, a control button SB1, and a relay J1. The control button SB1 is connected to the signal input end of the PLC control board, the coil of the relay J1 is connected to the signal output end of the PLC control board, and the normally open contact of the relay J1 is connected in series with the solenoid valve M.
[0014] Preferably, it also includes a control button SB2 and a relay J2, the relay J2 is a power-on delayed closing time relay, the control button SB2 is connected to the signal input end of the PLC control board, the coil of the relay J2 is connected to the signal output end of the PLC control board, and the power-on delayed closing normally open contact of the relay J2 is connected in parallel with the normally open contact of the relay J1 and then in series with the solenoid valve M.
[0015] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:
[0016] This device requires no manual unhooking and is safe and reliable. It features a self-locking mechanism that prevents malfunction without power (i.e., compressed air) input, significantly improving its reliability. It is also more versatile: if only Mode 1 operation is required, the electronic control system can be removed and the solenoid valve replaced with a manually operated valve, providing greater flexibility and applicability. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0017] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following is a brief introduction to the drawings required for use in the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.
[0018] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the device;
[0019] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the connecting ring of the device;
[0020] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the fixed hook of the device;
[0021] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the limit connecting rod of the device;
[0022] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the swing cylinder of the device;
[0023] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the rotating hook of the device;
[0024] Figure 7 It is the force diagram of the rotating hook of the device;
[0025] Figure 8 This is a connection diagram of the controller of this device;
[0026] Figure 9 It is the connection circuit diagram of the solenoid valve M of this device.
[0027] In the figure: 1-connecting ring; 2-fixed hook; 3-limiting connecting rod; 4-swinging cylinder; 41-cylinder body; 42-cylinder push rod; 43-check valve; 44-air inlet; 45-exhaust valve; 46-piston; 47-reset spring; 5-rotating hook; 6-limiting block; 7-controller. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0028] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are clearly and completely described in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other implementation methods obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making any creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.
[0029] It should be noted that the structures, proportions, sizes, etc. illustrated in the drawings of this specification are only used to match the contents disclosed in the specification for people familiar with this technology to understand and read, and are not used to limit the conditions for the implementation of the present invention. Therefore, they have no substantive technical significance. Any structural modification, change in proportional relationship or adjustment of size, without affecting the efficacy and purpose that can be achieved by the present invention, should fall within the scope of the technical content disclosed by the present invention. It should be noted that in this specification, relational terms such as first and second are only used to distinguish one entity from several other entities, and do not necessarily require or imply any actual relationship or order between these entities.
[0030] The present invention provides an embodiment:
[0031] like Figures 1 to 9 As shown, an automatic unhooking device includes a fixed hook 2, a limit link 3, a swing cylinder 4, a rotating hook 5, a limit block 6 and a controller 7; a connecting ring 1 is provided at the upper end of the fixed hook 2, the connecting ring 1 is used to connect to the crane hook through a wire rope or a chain, the rotating hook 5 is rotatably connected to the bottom end of the fixed hook 2, the limit link 3 is rotatably connected to the middle part of the fixed hook 2 and the first end is connected to the cylinder push rod of the swing cylinder 4 installed on the fixed hook, the second end of the limit link 3 has a bending portion for limiting the rotating hook 5 in the counterclockwise direction, the limit block 6 is provided on the fixed hook 2 and is used to limit the rotating hook 5 in the clockwise direction; the air inlet 44 of the swing cylinder 4 is connected to a compressed air pipeline, and the solenoid valve M in the compressed air pipeline is electrically connected to the controller 7.
[0032] In this embodiment, the swing cylinder 4 includes a cylinder body 41, a cylinder push rod 42, a one-way valve 43, an air inlet 44, an exhaust valve 45, a piston 46, and a return spring 47; the bottom end of the cylinder body 41 is connected to the fixed hook 2, the piston 46 is slidably arranged in the cylinder body 41 and the two ends are respectively connected to the cylinder push rod 42 and the return spring 47, the one-way valve 43 is located in the air inlet 44 on the cylinder body 41, the exhaust valve 45 is located at the air outlet on the cylinder body 41, and the cylinder push rod 42 is connected to the limit link 3 through a connecting pin.
[0033] The right side of the middle of the fixed hook 2 is rotatably connected to the limit link 3 via a connecting pin. The bent hook of the fixed hook 2 is rotatably connected to the rotating hook 5 via a connecting pin. The swing cylinder 4 and the limit block 6 are both installed at the lower end of the limit link 3. The upper and lower ends of the connecting ring 1 are respectively connected to the wire rope or chain and the upper end of the fixed hook 2 via connecting pins. The limit link 3 is an L-shaped structure, and the connection between the rotating hook 5 and the fixed hook 2 is located at the bend of the rotating hook 5.
[0034] When the unhooking device is in the normal state (i.e., the lifting state), the baffle structure at the second end of the limit link 3 prevents the rotating hook 5 from rotating counterclockwise. Before compressed air is introduced, the exhaust valve 45 is opened, and the piston 46, under the action of the return spring 47, pushes the piston 46 upward, thereby generating an upward thrust on the cylinder push rod 42, causing the limit link 3 to rotate counterclockwise. Conversely, when the exhaust valve 45 is closed and compressed air is introduced, the piston 46 compresses the return spring 47, causing the cylinder push rod 42 to generate a downward thrust, causing the limit link 3 to rotate clockwise.
[0035] When hoisted, the rotating hook generates a counterclockwise torque, and the baffle of the limit link 3 prevents the rotating hook from rotating counterclockwise. As can be seen from the force diagram, after the rotating hook is hung with a heavy object, the pulling force Fweight of the weight and the pulling force Fpull of the fixed hook are equal in magnitude and opposite in direction, but the directions of the forces are not in the same straight line, and there is an eccentricity e, thus generating a torque. As a result, the rotating hook has a counterclockwise movement trend after hanging the heavy object. When the restraint of the limit link 3 is lost, the rotating hook will rotate counterclockwise, causing it to unhook.
[0036] The controller 7 includes a PLC control board, a control button SB1, and a relay J1. The control button SB1 is connected to the signal input end of the PLC control board, the coil of the relay J1 is connected to the signal output end of the PLC control board, and the normally open contact of the relay J1 is connected in series with the solenoid valve M.
[0037] It also includes a control button SB2 and a relay J2. The relay J2 is a power-on delay closing time relay. The control button SB2 is connected to the signal input end of the PLC control board. The coil of the relay J2 is connected to the signal output end of the PLC control board. The power-on delay closing normally open contact of the relay J2 is connected in parallel with the normally open contact of the relay J1 and then in series with the solenoid valve M.
[0038] Working principle:
[0039] The automatic intelligent unhooking device is connected to the crane hook, the lifting chain or wire rope of the suspended object is hung on the rotating hook, and the compressed air pipeline is connected to the air inlet 44.
[0040] Mode 1: Immediate execution mode
[0041] At this point, the equipment can be hoisted normally. To unhook the hoisted equipment, press SB1, which energizes relay J1. Solenoid valve M opens, allowing compressed air to enter the cylinder through the solenoid valve and check valve 43. The compressed air compresses reset spring 47, causing piston rod 42 to move downward, driving limit link 3 to rotate clockwise around the connecting pin. When the baffle structure on limit link 3 disengages from the rotating hook, the hook rotates counterclockwise under the weight of the hoisted object, causing unhooking. Under the action of check valve 43, the compressed air in cylinder 4 will not be automatically discharged, meaning that limit link 3 will not automatically reset.
[0042] At this time, after manually resetting the rotating hook, open the exhaust valve 45 on the cylinder. Due to the left and right of the reset spring 47, the compressed air in the cylinder 4 will be discharged, thereby driving the limit link 3 to rotate counterclockwise around the connecting pin. When the compressed air is exhausted (that is, the reset spring 47 is completely reset), the baffle structure of the limit link 3 will firmly clamp the rotating hook to prevent it from rotating counterclockwise, that is: when no compressed air is introduced, the device has a self-locking effect and automatic unhooking will not occur.
[0043] Mode 2: Delayed execution mode
[0044] When the automatic unhooking device needs to delay for a certain period before executing the unhooking action, press SB2, and relay J2 will be energized. After receiving the instruction, the PLC controller controls the solenoid valve to be energized after the delay, thereby controlling the unhooking device to unhook. The delay time can be set according to actual needs.
[0045] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by a person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention should be based on the scope of protection of the claims.
Claims
1. An automatic unhooking device, characterized in that: It comprises a fixed hook (2), a limiting connecting rod (3), a swing cylinder (4), a rotating hook (5), a limiting block (6) and a controller (7); The upper end of the fixed hook (2) is provided with a connecting ring (1), and the connecting ring (1) is used to be connected to the crane hook through a wire rope or a chain. The rotating hook (5) is rotatably connected to the bottom end of the fixed hook (2). The limiting link (3) is rotatably connected to the middle part of the fixed hook (2) and the first end is connected to the cylinder push rod of the swing cylinder (4) installed on the fixed hook. The second end of the limiting link (3) has a bending portion for limiting the rotating hook (5) in the counterclockwise direction. The limiting block (6) is provided on the fixed hook (2) and is used to limit the rotating hook (5) in the clockwise direction. The air inlet (44) of the swing cylinder (4) is connected to a compressed air pipeline, and the solenoid valve M in the compressed air pipeline is electrically connected to the controller (7).
2. The automatic unhooking device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The swing cylinder (4) comprises a cylinder body (41), a cylinder push rod (42), a one-way valve (43), an air inlet (44), an exhaust valve (45), a piston (46), and a return spring (47); the bottom end of the cylinder body (41) is connected to the fixed hook (2), the piston (46) is slidably arranged in the cylinder body (41) and the two ends of the piston (46) are respectively connected to the cylinder push rod (42) and the return spring (47), the one-way valve (43) is located in the air inlet (44) on the cylinder body (41), the exhaust valve (45) is located at the air outlet on the cylinder body (41), and the cylinder push rod (42) is connected to the limit connecting rod (3) through a connecting pin.
3. The automatic unhooking device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The right side of the middle of the fixed hook (2) is rotatably connected to the limit connecting rod (3) through a connecting pin, and the bent hook of the fixed hook (2) is rotatably connected to the rotating hook (5) through a connecting pin. The installation positions of the swing cylinder (4) and the limit block (6) are both located at the lower end of the limit connecting rod (3).
4. The automatic unhooking device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper and lower ends of the connecting ring (1) are respectively connected to the steel wire rope or the lifting chain and the upper end of the fixed hook (2) through connecting pins. The limiting connecting rod (3) is an L-shaped structure. The connection point between the rotating hook (5) and the fixed hook (2) is located at the bending point of the rotating hook (5).
5. The automatic unhooking device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The controller (7) includes a PLC control board, a control button SB1 and a relay J1. The control button SB1 is connected to the signal input end of the PLC control board, the coil of the relay J1 is connected to the signal output end of the PLC control board, and the normally open contact of the relay J1 is connected in series with the electromagnetic valve M.
6. The automatic unhooking device according to claim 5, characterized in that: It also includes a control button SB2 and a relay J2. The relay J2 is a power-on delay closing time relay. The control button SB2 is connected to the signal input end of the PLC control board. The coil of the relay J2 is connected to the signal output end of the PLC control board. The power-on delay closing normally open contact of the relay J2 is connected in parallel with the normally open contact of the relay J1 and then in series with the solenoid valve M.