Underground fracturing complete equipment

Abstract

The utility model provides underground fracturing complete equipment which comprises a centralized control device and at least one operation unit connected with the centralized control device, and each operation unit comprises a liquid supply device, a pumping device and a drilling machine which are sequentially connected. The liquid supply device conveys different media to the pumping device so that the different media can be pumped to the drilling machine through the pumping device, and directional drilling operation and hydraulic fracturing operation are achieved through the drilling machine based on the different media. According to the embodiment of the utility model, one machine with multiple functions can be realized, the intelligent degree is high, the whole set of equipment can be monitored in real time, and the operation efficiency and safety of underground fracturing are greatly improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of fracturing devices, in particular to a downhole fracturing equipment set. Background Art

[0002] Rock burst refers to the sudden and violent destruction of rock mass around a mine or working face due to the instantaneous release of elastic deformation energy. This phenomenon is often accompanied by coal and rock ejection, loud noises, and air surges. Rock burst can have a significant negative impact on underground coal mining, damaging tunnel supports, displacing machinery, and causing wind gates to collapse, forcing mining operations to cease. Furthermore, it can damage and crack buildings above ground.

[0003] Considering the negative impact of rock burst, there are currently a variety of prevention and control technologies, such as deep-hole blasting in the roof, coal seam unloading blasting, high-pressure water injection in the coal seam, large-hole pressure relief method, and directional hydraulic fracturing. Among them, directional hydraulic fracturing and blasting are the most commonly used. However, considering that blasting methods require explosives control and have disadvantages such as a small range of blasting energy release, disordered release, limited blasting hole depth, large engineering workload and explosives consumption, directional hydraulic fracturing, with its advantages of simple process and large fracturing impact range, is gradually replacing blasting-based rock burst prevention and control solutions. However, considering the underground working space, it is not suitable for multiple equipment to carry out hydraulic fracturing operations, and the safety risks of underground workers are relatively high. Utility Model Content

[0004] In view of this, the present invention aims to provide a downhole fracturing equipment set to solve the above technical problems in the prior art.

[0005] The utility model provides a downhole fracturing equipment set, including a centralized control device and at least one operating unit connected to the centralized control device, the operating unit including a fluid supply device, a pumping device and a drilling rig connected in sequence, the fluid supply device conveys different media to the pumping device so as to be pumped to the drilling rig through the pumping device, and directional drilling and hydraulic fracturing operations are respectively performed by the drilling rig based on different media.

[0006] In some embodiments, when there are multiple pumping devices, the multiple pumping devices are arranged in parallel and are all connected to the liquid supply device.

[0007] In some embodiments, the plurality of pumping devices connected in parallel are connected to the drilling rig via corresponding discharge pipelines, and a first valve is provided on the discharge pipeline.

[0008] In some embodiments, the drilling rig is provided with a drill bit for directional drilling and a fracturing assembly for hydraulic fracturing.

[0009] In some embodiments, the fracturing assembly includes a fracturing rod having an end connected to a tool string.

[0010] In some embodiments, the operating unit further includes a power supply starting device, which is connected to the liquid supply device, the pumping device, and the drilling rig respectively.

[0011] In some embodiments, the motor in the pumping device and / or the power starting device are cooled by liquid cooling, and the pumping device is connected to the motor in the pumping device and / or the power starting device via a cooling pipeline.

[0012] In some embodiments, a pressure sensor is provided at the liquid inlet of the motor in the pumping device and / or the power supply starting device, and a second valve is provided at the liquid outlet. When the pressure at the liquid inlet reaches a set value, the second valve is controlled to open.

[0013] In some embodiments, an unloading pipeline is provided between the fluid supply device and the drilling rig, and a third valve is provided on the unloading pipeline.

[0014] In some embodiments, the operation modes pre-set on the centralized control device include at least pressure test mode, perforation mode, fracturing mode, and pressure maintenance mode. Each operation mode has preset operation parameters and operation time. The operation modes include automatic mode and manual mode.

[0015] The embodiment of the utility model can realize multiple functions in one machine, has a high degree of intelligence, can perform real-time monitoring of the entire set of equipment, and greatly improve the efficiency and safety of downhole fracturing operations.

[0016] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, preferred embodiments are given below and described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] In the drawings, which are not necessarily drawn to scale, the same reference numerals may describe similar parts in different views. The same reference numerals with letter suffixes or different letter suffixes may represent different instances of similar parts. The drawings generally illustrate various embodiments by way of example and not limitation, and together with the description and claims, are used to illustrate the disclosed embodiments. Where appropriate, the same reference numerals are used throughout the drawings to refer to the same or similar parts. Such embodiments are illustrative and are not intended to be exhaustive or exclusive embodiments of the apparatus or method. The drawings described herein are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention and constitute a part of this application. The illustrative embodiments of the present invention and their description are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute an improper limitation on the present invention. In the drawings:

[0018] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of a downhole fracturing equipment set in an embodiment of the utility model;

[0019] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the cooling structure of the downhole fracturing equipment in the embodiment of the present utility model;

[0020] Figure 3 This is one of the schematic diagrams of the downhole fracturing equipment in the embodiment of the present invention for performing directional drilling and hydraulic fracturing;

[0021] Figure 4 This is the second schematic diagram of the downhole fracturing equipment in the embodiment of the present invention for performing directional drilling and hydraulic fracturing.

[0022] Reference numerals:

[0023] 1-Liquid supply device; 2-Pumping device; 3-Power supply and starting device; 4-Centralized control device; 5-Data acquisition system; 6-Drilling rig; 61-Drill bit; 7-Fracturing rod; 8-Tool string; 9-Discharge pipeline; 10-Rock formation; 11-First valve; 12-Cooling pipeline; 13-Second valve; 14-Unloading pipeline; 15-Third valve; 20-Rock formation roof; 30-Coal seam. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] Below, specific embodiments of the present invention are described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, but are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0025] It should be understood that various modifications may be made to the embodiments disclosed herein. Therefore, the above description should not be considered as limiting, but merely as an example of an embodiment. Other modifications within the scope and spirit of the present invention will occur to those skilled in the art.

[0026] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of the specification, illustrate embodiments of the present invention and, together with the general description of the present invention given above and the detailed description of the embodiments given below, serve to explain the principles of the present invention.

[0027] These and other characteristics of the invention will become apparent from the following description of a preferred form of embodiment given as a non-limiting example with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0028] It should also be understood that although the present invention has been described with reference to certain specific examples, those skilled in the art will be able to surely realize many other equivalent forms of the present invention, which have the characteristics described in the claims and are therefore within the scope of protection defined thereby.

[0029] The above and other aspects, features and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent from the following detailed description when taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0030] Specific embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings; however, it should be understood that the disclosed embodiments are merely examples of the present invention, which may be implemented in a variety of ways. Well-known and / or repetitive functions and structures are not described in detail to avoid obscuring the present invention with unnecessary or redundant detail. Therefore, the specific structural and functional details disclosed herein are not intended to be limiting, but rather serve merely as a basis and representative basis for the claims to teach those skilled in the art to variously employ the present invention with substantially any suitable detailed structure.

[0031] It should be noted that the terms "first", "second", etc. in the specification and claims of the present invention and the above-mentioned drawings are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that the numbers used in this way can be interchanged where appropriate, so that the embodiments of the present invention described herein can be implemented in an order other than those illustrated or described herein. In addition, the terms "including" and "having" and any variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions. For example, a process, method, system, product or device that includes a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units clearly listed, but may include other steps or units that are not clearly listed or inherent to these processes, methods, products or devices.

[0032] This specification may use the phrases "in one embodiment," "in another embodiment," "in yet another embodiment," or "in other embodiments," all of which may refer to one or more of the same or different embodiments according to the present invention.

[0033] The embodiment of the utility model provides a downhole fracturing equipment, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, it includes a centralized control device 4 and at least one operating unit, and the centralized control device 4 can control one or more operating units. Each operating unit is used to perform directional drilling and hydraulic fracturing operations at a predetermined location in the tunnel. If multiple operating units are used, operations can be performed at multiple different predetermined locations.

[0034] Specifically, the operation unit includes a fluid supply device 1, a pumping device 2, and a drilling rig 6 connected in sequence. The fluid supply device 1, the pumping device 2, and the drilling rig 6 are all connected to the centralized control device 4 so that the centralized control device 4 can control the above-mentioned multiple devices. The fluid supply device 1 here is used to transport different media to the pumping device 2, which can be in the form of a storage tank or a fluid supply box, for example; the pumping device 2 is used to pump the medium to the drilling rig 6. This embodiment can meet the pumping of different fluid media so as to realize the multi-functionality of the pumping device 2. The medium pumped here can include multiple types according to specific operating requirements, not limited to water, but also fluid media such as sand mixing liquid, filling slurry, pre-fluid, temporary plugging agent, etc. The water here can be used to realize drilling operations, for example, and other media such as the filling slurry, the pre-fluid, and the temporary plugging agent can be used to realize fracturing operations.

[0035] In one embodiment, for example, when water needs to be pumped, the liquid supply device 1 is connected to a downhole water supply pipe, which is used to deliver water to the pumping device 2. A drainage manifold is provided on the liquid supply device 1 to be connected to at least one of the pumping devices 2 through the drainage manifold. The pumping device 2 pressurizes the water and delivers it to the drilling rig 6, for example, to help achieve directional drilling operations through the drilling rig 6.

[0036] In another embodiment, the fluid supply device 1 includes, for example, a mixer, which is used to mix a plurality of liquids input from the outside to prepare a fracturing fluid.

[0037] Furthermore, the pumping device 2 has a predetermined liquid displacement. Of course, there can be multiple pumping devices 2, and multiple pumping devices 2 can achieve the accumulation of liquid displacement. Among them, when there are multiple pumping devices 2, the multiple pumping devices 2 are arranged in parallel and are all connected to the liquid supply device 1. Here, the multiple pumping devices 2 work in parallel, which can achieve the purpose of accumulating displacement but keeping the pressure constant. In this embodiment, Figure 1 and Figure 2 In the figure, two pumping devices 2 are arranged in parallel as an example. By connecting the liquid supply device 1 with multiple pumping devices 2 arranged in parallel, a one-to-two or one-to-multiple arrangement of the pumping devices 2 can be achieved through the liquid supply device 1.

[0038] Furthermore, after being connected in parallel, the multiple pumping devices 2 are connected to the drilling rig 6 through the corresponding discharge pipeline 9. A first valve 11 is provided on the discharge pipeline 9 here. The first valve 11 can be a one-way valve. The first valve 11 on each of the discharge pipelines 9 can prevent interference between the multiple pumping devices 2 connected in parallel. For example, it can be ensured that after one of the pumping devices 2 is started first, the other pumping devices 2 can be started with no load instead of with load.

[0039] In this embodiment, the drilling rig 6 is located at a drilling site within the tunnel. The drilling rig 6 can be a downhole directional drilling rig, capable of performing directional drilling and hydraulic fracturing operations. Specifically, the drilling rig 6 is equipped with a drill bit 61 and a fracturing assembly. The drill bit 61 is used to perform directional drilling at a predetermined location. The drill bit 61 is a water jet drill bit. For example, the liquid supply device 1 can supply water to the pumping device 2. The pumping device 2 pressurizes the water and then feeds it into the drilling rig 6, providing driving force for the water jet drill bit to perform drilling.

[0040] Furthermore, the fracturing assembly is used to perform hydraulic fracturing operations after directional drilling is completed. The fracturing assembly includes a fracturing rod 7, the end of which is connected to a tool string 8. The fracturing rod 7 can be a hollow metal tube with male and female threads at both ends to facilitate connection to the drilling rig 6 and the tool string 8, respectively. The fracturing rod 7 has a high pressure-bearing capacity to adapt to different scenarios. The fracturing rod 7 and the tool string 8 cooperate to perform hydraulic fracturing and related operations. The drill bit can be mounted on the tool string 8, for example.

[0041] In addition, detection devices such as temperature sensors and pressure sensors may be installed in the tool string 8, and these multiple sensors may also be connected to the centralized control device 4. Through the cooperation of the fracturing rod 7 and the tool string 8, hydraulic fracturing operations and other related operations can be performed after directional drilling.

[0042] Furthermore, the operating unit also includes a power supply starting device 3, which can be in the form of a frequency converter station, in which components such as an inverter module and a rectifier module are arranged. The power supply starting device 3 is respectively connected to the liquid supply device 1, the pumping device 2 and the drilling rig 6. Through the power supply starting device 3, soft start, frequency modulation, speed regulation and pumping underpressure protection and other functions can be realized for the above-mentioned electrical devices, thereby ensuring the smooth operation of each electrical device.

[0043] The power supply starting device 3 in this embodiment can realize the control of any one or more of the pumping devices 2. For example, it can control the start of the motor in one of the pumping devices 2 separately as needed, or it can control the start of the motors in multiple pumping devices 2, thereby realizing one-to-one or one-to-many start control.

[0044] Furthermore, the centralized control device 4 is connected to the data acquisition system 5. Here, the power supply start-up device 3, the centralized control device 4, and the data acquisition system 5 can be located in a location far away from the drilling site and the pumping device 2. The centralized control device 4 is connected to the liquid supply device 1, the pumping device 2, the power supply start-up device 3, and the drilling rig 6, for example, via a long-distance data transmission line to obtain the operating data of each of the above devices, thereby completing remote data extraction and recording. Of course, the operating data here can also be transmitted wirelessly, for example, and wireless communication can be established between the centralized control device 4 and the liquid supply device 1, the pumping device 2, the power supply start-up device 3, and the drilling rig 6.

[0045] The power supply start-up device 3, the centralized control device 4, and the data acquisition system 5 here can be pre-integrated and installed, for example, integrated and installed on the same common base, thereby reducing on-site installation work; in addition, the use of a common base also facilitates on-site equipment movement and transportation. The above-mentioned setting can realize centralized monitoring and status feedback of downhole fracturing equipment, thereby improving operation efficiency and safety. Of course, the centralized control device 4 and the data acquisition system 5 can also be set at a location far away from the drilling site or the pumping device 2, and the liquid supply device 1, the pumping device 2, the power supply start-up device 3, and the drilling rig 6 can be remotely started and remotely controlled through the centralized control 4.

[0046] After the entire downhole fracturing equipment is started up, the centralized control device 4 collects operating data from the fluid supply device 1, the pumping device 2, the power supply and starting device 3, the drilling rig 6, and other devices in each operating unit, and completes the corresponding operation according to the operation mode set on the centralized control device 4. The operation modes pre-set on the centralized control device 4 include at least a pressure test mode, a perforating mode, a fracturing mode, and a pressure maintenance mode, and each operation mode can have preset operation parameters and operation time.

[0047] Furthermore, the above four operation modes can all be selected from automatic mode and manual mode. When the automatic mode is selected, the machine will directly enter the next operation mode after the previous operation mode is completed until the operation is completed; when the manual mode is selected, it is necessary to manually judge whether it is possible to enter the next operation mode. If it is possible, it will manually switch to continue to the next operation mode. If not, it will continue with the current mode or choose to stop.

[0048] The downhole fracturing equipment set of this embodiment can realize directional drilling and hydraulic fracturing operations through the pumping device 2 and the drilling rig 6. Specifically, the pumping device 2 provides power to the drill bit 61 of the drilling rig 6 for directional open hole drilling. After the directional drilling is completed, the fracturing rod 7 with the tool string 8 is pushed to the fracturing section by the drilling rig 6, and the liquid delivered by the pumping device 2 is pressure-pumped. In this process, real-time data monitoring can be carried out remotely through the centralized control device 4 and the data acquisition system 5. Through the cooperation of the liquid supply device 1 and the pumping device 2, the pumping device 2 has the functions of pumping high-pressure water to drive the drill bit 61 in the drilling rig 6 and pumping top plate fracturing fluid, thereby realizing multi-functionality of one machine and effectively reducing downhole operation equipment.

[0049] Furthermore, in order to make better use of the pumping device 2, the motor in the pumping device 2 and / or the power supply starting device 3 can be cooled by liquid cooling. The pumping device 1 is connected to the motor in the pumping device 2 and / or the power supply starting device 3, for example, via a cooling pipe 12. In this way, when the liquid supply device 1 simultaneously transports liquid to, for example, multiple pumping devices 2, the liquid transported through the cooling pipe 12 can also be used to supply liquid for cooling the motor in the pumping device 2 and / or the power supply starting device 3. The cooled liquid can return to the liquid supply device 1 again to complete the recycling.

[0050] Furthermore, to ensure that the motor in the pumping device 2 and / or the power starter 3 have sufficient coolant after the entire device is started, and to avoid a lack of coolant, a pressure sensor is provided at the liquid inlet of the motor in the pumping device 2 and / or the power starter 3, and a second valve 13 is provided at the liquid outlet. The second valve 13 may be a ball valve, and the pumping of the coolant is achieved through pressure control. For example, the second valve 13 will only open when the pressure at the liquid inlet reaches a set value. In other words, the second valve 13 will only be controlled to discharge excess coolant when there is a sufficient amount of coolant. Furthermore, opening the motor in the pumping device 2 and / or the power starter 3 in advance will not cause the abnormality of no water cooling.

[0051] Furthermore, an unloading pipeline 14 is provided between the liquid supply device 1 and the drilling rig 6. A third valve 15 is provided on the unloading pipeline 14. The third valve 15 can be an unloading valve. When the directional drilling or fracturing operation is completed, the third valve 15 is controlled to open, thereby releasing the liquid in the drilling rig 6 and the fracturing rod 7 to achieve unloading. For economical reasons, the liquid outlet of the third valve 15 can be connected to the liquid supply device 1 to facilitate the recycling of the pumped liquid, and of course it can also be discharged directly to the outside. It should be noted that the opening and closing of the third valve 15 here can also be controlled by the centralized control device 4, and can also be opened or closed manually.

[0052] like Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, this embodiment is used to implement directional drilling at a predetermined position in an open-hole horizontal well within a predetermined range of the working face roof. The space within the tunnel to be drilled includes a rock layer 10, a rock layer roof 20 located above the rock layer 10, and a coal seam 30 located between the rock layer 10 and the rock layer roof 20. The drilling position mentioned here includes an inclined hole section A and / or a horizontal section B. The inclined hole section A is the inclined portion from the drilling rig 6 to the rock layer roof 20, and the horizontal section B is located above the coal seam 30 to be mined. This embodiment enables segmented directional drilling and hydraulic fracturing in the inclined hole section A and / or the horizontal section B, for example, from far to near.

[0053] Specifically, the process of directional drilling is to provide liquid (such as water) to the pumping device 2 through the liquid supply device 1, and the pumping device 2 pressurizes the liquid through the hydraulic end of the large pump and then transports the high-pressure liquid to the drilling rig 6, and uses the high-pressure liquid to drive the drill bit 61 on the drilling rig 6 to rotate, thereby realizing directional drilling at a predetermined position through the action of hydraulic force on the hard roof in the tunnel.

[0054] The hydraulic fracturing process involves directional drilling of the hard roof of the tunnel using the drilling rig 6, then inserting the fracturing rod 7 into the open hole to perform hydraulic fracturing operations in conjunction with the tool string 8. Since the tool string 8 is mounted at the front end of the fracturing rod 7, it can also collect relevant data such as pressure and temperature during the isolation and pressurization of different fracturing stages, and provide real-time feedback through the data acquisition system 5, thereby enabling accurate evaluation of the fracturing effect.

[0055] The drilling rig 6 can realize staged fracturing. For example, the horizontal section B can be divided into multiple sealing areas, i.e., fracturing sections. After each fracturing section is set and fracturing, the drilling rig 6 moves the fracturing rod 7 in the fracturing section area back to carry out fracturing in the next sealing area, for example, from Figure 4After the fracturing of the fracturing section 1 is completed, the fracturing is moved to the fracturing section 2 for fracturing until the fracturing operation of the fracturing section n is completed, and finally the top plate fracturing of the inclined hole section A and / or the horizontal section B is completed, that is, the top plate pressure relief operation.

[0056] The embodiment of the utility model can realize multiple functions in one machine, has a high degree of intelligence, can perform real-time monitoring of the entire set of equipment, greatly improve the efficiency and safety of downhole fracturing operations, and significantly reduce the negative impact of rock burst.

[0057] In addition, the embodiments shown in the drawings of the present application or the features of the various embodiments mentioned in this specification are not necessarily to be understood as independent embodiments. Rather, each feature described in one example of an embodiment can be combined with one or more other desired features from other embodiments to produce other embodiments not described in words or with reference to the drawings.

[0058] The above-described embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, rather than to limit them. Although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or make equivalent replacements for some of the technical features therein. These modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the various embodiments of the present application, and should all be included in the scope of protection of the present application.

Claims

1. A downhole fracturing equipment, characterized in that: It includes a centralized control device and at least one operating unit connected to the centralized control device, wherein the operating unit includes a fluid supply device, a pumping device and a drilling rig connected in sequence, wherein the fluid supply device conveys different media to the pumping device so as to be pumped to the drilling rig through the pumping device, and directional drilling and hydraulic fracturing operations are respectively performed based on different media through the drilling rig.

2. The downhole fracturing equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: When there are multiple pumping devices, the multiple pumping devices are arranged in parallel and are all connected to the liquid supply device.

3. The downhole fracturing equipment according to claim 2, characterized in that: The plurality of pumping devices connected in parallel are connected to the drilling rig via corresponding discharge pipelines, and a first valve is provided on the discharge pipeline.

4. The downhole fracturing equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The drilling rig is provided with a drill bit for directional drilling and a fracturing assembly for hydraulic fracturing.

5. The downhole fracturing equipment according to claim 4, characterized in that: The fracturing assembly includes a fracturing rod, the end of which is connected to a tool string.

6. The downhole fracturing equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The operation unit further includes a power supply starting device, which is connected to the liquid supply device, the pumping device and the drilling rig respectively.

7. The downhole fracturing equipment according to claim 6, characterized in that: The motor in the pumping device and / or the power supply starting device are cooled by liquid cooling, and the pumping device is connected to the motor in the pumping device and / or the power supply starting device via a cooling pipeline.

8. The downhole fracturing equipment according to claim 6, characterized in that: A pressure sensor is provided at the liquid inlet of the motor in the pumping device and / or the power supply starting device, and a second valve is provided at the liquid outlet. When the pressure at the liquid inlet reaches a set value, the second valve is controlled to open.

9. The downhole fracturing equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: An unloading pipeline is provided between the fluid supply device and the drilling rig, and a third valve is provided on the unloading pipeline.

10. The downhole fracturing equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The operation modes pre-set on the centralized control device include at least a pressure test mode, a perforation mode, a fracturing mode, and a pressure maintenance mode. Each operation mode has preset operation parameters and operation time. The operation modes include an automatic mode and a manual mode.

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