Gear shifting mechanism and agricultural machine

Abstract

The utility model discloses a gear shifting mechanism and agricultural machinery, the gear shifting mechanism comprises two parallel shifting fork shafts and a gear shifting rod rotatably arranged through a spherical hinge mechanism, the shifting fork shafts are sleeved with shifting forks in a sliding mode, the shifting forks are provided with shifting positions, and the shifting positions are provided with shifting openings facing the gear shifting rod; the spherical hinge mechanism is located in the middle of the gear shifting rod, one end of the gear shifting rod is an operation end used for controlling the gear shifting rod to rotate around the spherical hinge mechanism, the other end of the gear shifting rod is a shifting head used for shifting the shifting fork to move along the shifting fork shaft, and the shifting head is arranged in one shifting opening in a matched mode. Each shifting opening is provided with a sliding groove which is formed in the direction of the other shifting fork shaft in a penetrating mode, so that the shifting block can be switched between the two shifting openings through the sliding grooves. The device has the advantages of being simple and reasonable in structure, convenient to operate and use, beneficial to cost reduction and the like.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the field of agricultural machinery, and in particular to a shifting mechanism and an agricultural machine. Background Art

[0002] Agricultural machinery refers to all power machinery used in agriculture, animal husbandry, forestry, and fisheries. A micro-tiller is one such type of agricultural machinery. Powered by a small internal combustion engine, it features a simple structure and is lightweight and convenient. A micro-tiller typically consists of a frame, power section, transmission, and control unit. Within the transmission, the shift fork is a common mechanism for shifting gears. This mechanism is typically activated by a lever that rotates the shift arm, thereby shifting the gears.

[0003] A Chinese patent document discloses a shift arm assembly, a shift fork assembly, and a micro-tiller, with the authorization publication number CN219999956U. The shift arm assembly is provided between the shift lever and the shift fork, and the shift fork is controlled by the shift arm assembly; this makes the shift fork assembly structure complex and the manufacturing and maintenance costs high. Utility Model Content

[0004] In view of the above-mentioned deficiencies in the prior art, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is: how to provide a shift mechanism and agricultural machinery with a simple and reasonable structure, easy operation and use, and conducive to reducing costs.

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0006] A shift mechanism, characterized in that it comprises two parallel shift fork shafts and a shift lever rotatable by a ball hinge mechanism, a shift fork being provided on a sliding sleeve of the shift fork shaft, a shift fork being provided on the shift fork, and a shift opening being provided on the shift opening facing the shift lever; the ball hinge mechanism is located in the middle of the shift lever, one end of the shift lever is an operating end for controlling the shift lever to rotate around the ball hinge mechanism, and the other end is a shift head for shifting the shift fork to move along the shift fork shaft, the shift head being fitted in one of the shift openings; the shift opening has a sliding groove which is provided through the direction of the other shift fork shaft, so that the shift head can be switched between the two shift openings by the sliding groove.

[0007] In this structure, because both shift forks have shift openings in their shifting positions, and both openings have slots extending through them, oriented toward the opposing shift fork shafts, the shift head can freely switch between the two shifting positions along the slots when the slots of the two shift openings are aligned. When the shift head is in either shift opening and moves along the shift fork shaft, it drives the shift fork along the shaft to shift gears. Directly manipulating the different shift forks through the shift lever eliminates the complex shift arm assembly between the shift lever and the shift fork, reducing production and maintenance costs. This simplified structure results in fewer moving parts, lowering the risk of failure, and improving stability.

[0008] Furthermore, the shifting positions on the two shift forks extend in opposite directions, and there is a gap between their end faces, so that the two shift forks can move relative to each other; the shifting opening penetrates along the extension direction of the shifting position to form the sliding groove.

[0009] In this way, the straight-line distance between the two shift positions can be closer, making it easier for the shift lever head to move more smoothly in the two slide grooves, thereby improving the smoothness of operation.

[0010] Furthermore, one end of the shift lever protrudes radially toward the shift fork to form the shift head, and the shift head is spherical as a whole; the diameter of the shift head matches the width of the shift opening and the sliding groove.

[0011] In this way, when the shift head pushes the shift fork to move, both sides of the shift head in the direction of movement are always in contact with the shift mouth, making the gear shifting action smoother.

[0012] The ball joint mechanism includes a lower support and an upper support that cooperates above the lower support. The lower support and the upper support have a first ball socket and a second ball socket formed in a concave shape on the opposite side, and the bottoms of the first ball socket and the second ball socket have a through-going clearance hole; the shift lever is passed through the clearance hole, and has a radially protruding articulated ball head in the middle, the diameters of the first ball socket and the second ball socket are consistent with the diameter of the articulated ball head, and the articulated ball head can be rotatably fitted between the first ball socket and the second ball socket.

[0013] The shift lever's central articulated ball joint is hinged to the upper and lower support sockets, with each end of the lever passing through the clearance holes at the bottom of the sockets. The upper and lower support sockets provide a stable support point for the shift lever, allowing it to rotate in multiple directions around the center of the articulated ball joint, ensuring accurate and sensitive positioning of the lever.

[0014] Furthermore, a pressure plate is provided on the side of the upper support facing away from the lower support, and a guide structure is provided between the pressure plate and the lower support, and the upper support can be moved up and down to fit on the guide structure; an elastic member is provided between the pressure plate and the upper support so that the second ball socket of the upper support fits on the articulated ball head.

[0015] In this way, through the elastic part between the pressure plate and the upper support, the upper support can be floated and pressed on the articulated ball head, which can not only avoid excessive pressing force between the upper support and the lower support, affecting the rotation of the articulated ball head; but also maintain a stable pressing force after wear, so that the articulated ball head can still maintain stable and reliable rotation.

[0016] Furthermore, the top of the lower support has a cavity extending upward around the first ball socket, and the guide structure is the inner wall of the cavity; the upper support is arranged in the cavity and has a guide surface that slides with the inner wall of the cavity.

[0017] In this way, the upper support and the guide component are arranged in the cavity, so that the upper support and the guide structure can be protected and avoided from being damaged during use, which is conducive to extending the service life.

[0018] Furthermore, a shift plate is provided on the ball joint mechanism, and the shift plate has shift grooves respectively arranged corresponding to the two shift fork shafts, and the middle of the shift groove corresponds to the neutral position on the corresponding shift fork shaft; the middle of the two shift grooves has a switching groove arranged in a connected manner, and the operating end of the shift lever is passed through the shift groove.

[0019] In this way, since the middle of the shift groove corresponds to the neutral position of the shift fork shaft, and the switching groove is connected in the middle of the two shift grooves, the shift lever must return to the middle position of the shift groove before it can slide into the shift groove on the other side through the switching groove to prevent misoperation.

[0020] The shift fork is provided with a positioning seat, and the positioning seat has a positioning hole arranged along the radial direction of the shift fork shaft, and the positioning hole is set through toward one end of the shift fork shaft; the shift fork shaft has an annular groove formed along the circumferential direction, and a plurality of annular grooves are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with the gear positions in the axial direction of the shift fork shaft; a positioning bead and a spring are sequentially arranged in the positioning hole in a direction away from the shift fork shaft, and the spring is compressed and abutted against the positioning bead, so that the positioning bead can relatively movably abut against the surface of the shift fork shaft; the diameter of the positioning bead is larger than the width of the annular groove.

[0021] Furthermore, the positioning seat is integrally formed on the shift fork, the positioning hole completely penetrates the shift fork toward one end of the shift fork shaft, and the bottom of the other end has an air vent that penetrates the positioning seat, and the diameter of the air vent is smaller than the diameter of the spring.

[0022] This allows the spring and positioning bead to be placed into the positioning hole from the through-end without requiring any additional parts, and the positioning bead is then squeezed into the hole using the shift fork shaft. As the positioning bead moves through the positioning hole, air is exchanged with the outside world through the vents. Without the need for additional components to abut the spring, the overall structure is more stable and reliable.

[0023] An agricultural machine is characterized by comprising the shifting mechanism as described above.

[0024] In summary, the utility model has the advantages of simple and reasonable structure, easy operation and use, and is conducive to reducing costs. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the overall structure of the shift mechanism.

[0026] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the decomposed structure of the shift mechanism.

[0027] Figure 3 It is a cross-sectional structural diagram of the shift structure.

[0028] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the structure of the shift lever and shift fork.

[0029] Figure 5 It is a structural diagram of the shift fork and the shift fork shaft. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the embodiments.

[0031] When implementing: Figures 1 to 5 As shown, a shift mechanism includes two parallel shift fork shafts 1 and a shift rod 3 rotatably arranged through a ball hinge mechanism 2, a shift fork 4 is slidingly sleeved on the shift fork shaft 1, a shift fork 4 is provided on the shift fork 4, and a shifting position 41 is provided on the shifting position 41, and a shifting opening 42 arranged toward the shift rod 3; the ball hinge mechanism 2 is located in the middle of the shift rod 3, one end of the shift rod 3 is an operating end 31 for controlling the shift rod 3 to rotate around the ball hinge mechanism 2, and the other end is a shift head 32 for shifting the shift fork 4 to move along the shift fork shaft 1, and the shift head 32 is engaged in one of the shifting openings 42; the shifting opening 42 has a sliding groove arranged through the direction of the other shift fork shaft 1, so that the shift head 32 can be switched between the two shifting openings 42 by the sliding groove.

[0032] In this embodiment, the shifting positions 41 on the two shift forks 4 extend in opposite directions, and there is a gap between their end faces, so that the two shift forks 4 can move relative to each other; the shifting opening 42 penetrates along the extension direction of the shifting position 41 to form the sliding groove.

[0033] To ensure that the shifter head maintains contact with the shift opening on both sides of the shifter head in the direction of motion while pushing the shift fork, thereby ensuring smoother shifting, the shifter head 32 is formed by a radially protruding end of the shift lever 3 that faces the shift fork 4. The shifter head 32 is generally spherical in shape, and its diameter matches the width of the shift opening 42 and the chute.

[0034] In this embodiment, Figure 3 As shown, the ball joint mechanism 2 includes a lower support 21 and an upper support 22 that cooperates above the lower support 21, and the lower support 21 and the upper support 22 have a first ball socket and a second ball socket formed in a concave manner on the opposite sides, and the bottoms of the first ball socket and the second ball socket have a through-set clearance hole; the shift lever 3 is passed through the clearance hole, and the middle part has a hinge ball head 33 protruding radially, and the diameters of the first ball socket and the second ball socket are consistent with the diameter of the hinge ball head 33, and the hinge ball head 33 can be rotatably fitted between the first ball socket and the second ball socket; a pressure plate 23 is provided on the side of the upper support 22 away from the lower support 21, and a guide structure is provided between the pressure plate 23 and the lower support 21, and the upper support 22 can be moved up and down and cooperated on the guide structure; an elastic member is provided between the pressure plate 23 and the upper support 22, so that the second ball socket of the upper support 22 is fitted on the hinge ball head 33.

[0035] In addition, the top of the lower support 21 has a cavity extending upward around the first ball socket, and the guide structure is the inner wall of the cavity; the upper support 22 is arranged in the cavity and has a guide surface that slides with the inner wall of the cavity.

[0036] The ball joint mechanism 2 is provided with a shift plate 5, and the shift plate 5 has shift grooves 51 respectively arranged corresponding to the two shift fork shafts 1, and the middle of the shift groove 51 corresponds to the neutral position on the corresponding shift fork shaft; the middle of the two shift grooves 51 has a switching groove 52 arranged in a connected manner, and the operating end 31 of the shift lever 3 is inserted into the shift groove 51.

[0037] The shift fork 4 is provided with a positioning seat 43, and the positioning seat 43 has a positioning hole 44 arranged radially along the shift fork shaft 1, and the positioning hole 44 is set through toward one end of the shift fork shaft 1; the shift fork shaft 1 has an annular groove 11 extending along the circumferential direction, and a plurality of annular grooves 11 are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with the gear positions in the axial direction of the shift fork shaft 1; a positioning bead (not shown in the figure) and a spring (not shown in the figure) are sequentially arranged in the positioning hole 44 along the direction away from the shift fork shaft 1, and the spring is compressed and abutted against the positioning bead, so that the positioning bead can relatively movably abut against the surface of the shift fork shaft 1; the diameter of the positioning bead is larger than the width of the annular groove 11.

[0038] Specifically, the positioning seat 43 is integrally formed on the shift fork 4, as shown in FIG. Figure 5 As shown, the positioning hole 44 extends completely through the shift fork 4 toward one end of the fork shaft 1. The bottom of the other end features a ventilation hole that extends through the positioning seat 43. The diameter of the ventilation hole is smaller than that of the spring. This allows the spring and positioning bead to be placed into the positioning hole from the through end without requiring any additional components. The positioning bead is then squeezed into the hole using the fork shaft. As the positioning bead moves through the positioning hole, air is exchanged with the outside world through the ventilation hole. Since no additional components are required to abut the spring, the overall structure is more stable and reliable.

[0039] With this embodiment of the shift mechanism, both shift forks have shift openings in their shifting positions, each with a slot extending through it, oriented toward the opposing shift fork shafts. When the slots of the two shift openings align, the shift head can freely switch between the two shifting positions along the slots. When the shift head is in either shift opening and moves along the shift fork shaft, it drives the shift fork along the shaft to shift gears. Directly manipulating the different shift forks through the shift lever eliminates the complex shift arm assembly between the shift lever and the shift fork, reducing production and maintenance costs. This simplified structure results in fewer moving parts, lowering the failure rate, and improving stability.

[0040] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A shift mechanism, characterized in that: The invention comprises two parallel shift fork shafts (1) and a shift lever (3) rotatably arranged via a ball hinge mechanism (2), wherein a shift fork (4) is provided on a sliding sleeve on the shift fork shaft (1), a shift fork (4) is provided on the shift fork (4), and a shift opening (42) arranged toward the shift lever (3) is provided on the shift opening (41); the ball hinge mechanism (2) is located in the middle of the shift lever (3), one end of the shift lever (3) is an operating end (31) for controlling the shift lever (3) to rotate around the ball hinge mechanism (2), and the other end is a shift head (32) for shifting the shift fork (4) to move along the shift fork shaft (1), and the shift head (32) is fitted in one of the shift openings (42); the shift opening (42) has a sliding groove extending through the shift fork shaft (1), so that the shift head (32) can be switched between the two shift openings (42) by the sliding groove.

2. The shift mechanism according to claim 1, wherein: The shifting positions (41) on the two shifting forks (4) are extended in opposite directions, and a gap is provided between their end faces, so that the two shifting forks (4) can move relative to each other; the shifting opening (42) penetrates along the extension direction of the shifting position (41) to form the sliding groove.

3. The shift mechanism according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: One end of the shift lever (3) protrudes radially toward the shift fork (4) to form the shift head (32), and the shift head (32) is spherical as a whole; the diameter of the shift head (32) matches the width of the shift opening (42) and the slide groove.

4. The shift mechanism according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: The ball joint mechanism (2) comprises a lower support (21) and an upper support (22) fitted above the lower support (21), wherein the lower support (21) and the upper support (22) respectively have a first ball socket and a second ball socket formed in a concave manner on opposite sides, and the bottoms of the first ball socket and the second ball socket each have a through-going clearance hole; the shift lever (3) is passed through the clearance hole, and a radially protruding articulated ball head (33) is provided in the middle, and the diameters of the first ball socket and the second ball socket are both consistent with the diameter of the articulated ball head (33), and the articulated ball head (33) is rotatably fitted between the first ball socket and the second ball socket.

5. The shift mechanism according to claim 4, wherein: A pressure plate (23) is provided on the side of the upper support (22) facing away from the lower support (21), and a guide structure is provided between the pressure plate (23) and the lower support (21). The upper support (22) can be fitted on the guide structure so as to move up and down; an elastic member is provided between the pressure plate (23) and the upper support (22), so that the second ball socket of the upper support (22) fits on the articulated ball head (33).

6. The shift mechanism according to claim 5, wherein: The top of the lower support (21) has a cavity extending upward around the first ball socket, and the guide structure is the inner wall of the cavity; the upper support (22) is arranged in the cavity and has a guide surface that slides with the inner wall of the cavity.

7. The shift mechanism according to claim 4, wherein: The ball joint mechanism (2) is provided with a shift plate (5), the shift plate (5) having shift grooves (51) respectively corresponding to the two shift fork shafts (1), the middle of the shift grooves (51) corresponding to the neutral position on the corresponding shift fork shaft; the middle of the two shift grooves (51) has a switching groove (52) connected thereto, and the operating end (31) of the shift lever (3) is inserted through the shift grooves (51).

8. The shift mechanism according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: The shift fork (4) is provided with a positioning seat (43), and the positioning seat (43) has a positioning hole (44) arranged along the radial direction of the shift fork shaft (1), and the positioning hole (44) is set through toward one end of the shift fork shaft (1); the shift fork shaft (1) has an annular groove (11) formed and extending along the circumferential direction, and a plurality of the annular grooves (11) are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with the gear positions in the axial direction of the shift fork shaft (1); a positioning bead and a spring are sequentially arranged in the positioning hole (44) in a direction away from the shift fork shaft (1), and the spring is compressed and abutted against the positioning bead, so that the positioning bead can relatively movably abut against the surface of the shift fork shaft (1); the diameter of the positioning bead is larger than the width of the annular groove (11).

9. The shift mechanism according to claim 8, wherein: The positioning seat (43) is integrally formed on the shift fork (4), the positioning hole (44) completely penetrates the shift fork (4) toward one end of the shift fork shaft (1), and the bottom of the other end has an air vent that penetrates the positioning seat (43), and the diameter of the air vent is smaller than the diameter of the spring.

10. An agricultural machine, characterized in that: The invention comprises a shift mechanism as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9.

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