Heat protection structure for high-temperature side tube plate and tube head of waste heat boiler of sulfur recovery device

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of chemical equipment, in particular to a sulfur recovery device waste heat boiler high-temperature side tube plate and tube head thermal protection structure which comprises a first sleeve, the first sleeve is in a regular polygon prism shape, and one end of the first sleeve is attached to a tube plate; and the second sleeve is integrally formed and arranged at the end, facing the tube plate, of the first sleeve, penetrates through the tube plate, is inserted into the inner hole in the heat exchange tube and penetrates through the first sleeve and the second sleeve. The first sleeves are in a regular hexagonal prism shape, and the side faces of the adjacent first sleeves are attached. An annular cavity is formed in the outer side wall of the first sleeve. And the annular cavity is filled with a fire-resistant ceramic fiber felt. An annular groove is formed in the end, attached to the tube plate, of the first sleeve and located in the periphery of the second sleeve. And ceramic fiber paper is arranged between the first sleeve and the tube plate. And a gap is reserved between the outer wall of the second sleeve and the inner wall of the heat exchange tube. The device has the advantages of simplicity in construction, good heat insulation effect, simplicity and convenience in replacement, no need of oven baking, short maintenance time and the like.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of chemical equipment, in particular to a high-temperature side tube plate and a tube head heat protection structure of a waste heat boiler of a sulfur recovery device. Background Art

[0002] The sulfur production furnace and tail gas incinerator are the core equipment of the sulfur recovery unit. High-temperature chemical reactions occur within the sulfur production furnace, with hydrogen sulfide combustion reaching temperatures of at least 1000°C, ammonia combustion at least 1250°C, and combustion temperatures reaching 1600°C under oxygen-enriched or pure oxygen conditions. To meet sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxide emission regulations, the tail gas incinerator operates at a combustion temperature of approximately 1500°C. The waste heat boiler, directly connected to the sulfur production furnace and tail gas incinerator, is a process equipment that cools the high-temperature process gas in the tube side to the required process temperature. Water is used to generate steam in the shell side.

[0003] The process gas inlet temperature on the tube side of the waste heat boiler (HRSG) is typically around 1000 psi, with a maximum reaching 1000 psi. The process gas, which operates under positive pressure, contains sulfur and hydrogen sulfide, which are toxic, explosive, and susceptible to high-temperature sulfur corrosion. The shell side carries boiler water, typically generating medium-pressure steam. Based on project requirements, HRSGs are typically constructed from carbon steel or low-alloy steel, with flexible thin tubesheets. To reduce the temperature of the front tubesheet and heat exchange tube heads, the tubesheet surface is insulated with refractory insulation, and the tube heads utilize a double-porcelain sleeve protection structure.

[0004] While this structure protects the tubesheet and tube heads, its construction is relatively complex and tedious. Anchor pads must first be welded to the tubesheet surface, which then undergoes integral heat treatment along with the waste heat boiler body. After heat treatment, the cylindrical anchors are welded. During heat-resistant lining construction, double-ceramic bushings are first installed at the ends of the heat exchange tubes, followed by the refractory insulation layer on the tubesheet surface. During the ramming process for the refractory insulation layer, the double-ceramic bushings are susceptible to damage due to uneven stress. During operation, thermal expansion and deformation of the refractory insulation layer can also cause damage to the double-ceramic bushings. Once damaged, repairing the double-ceramic bushings is difficult. Repair requires removing the refractory insulation layer from the tubesheet, replacing the double-ceramic bushings, and then restoring the refractory insulation layer, a relatively lengthy process. Failure to promptly repair and replace damaged double-ceramic bushings can easily lead to overheating of the tubeheads, resulting in leakage, high-temperature sulfur corrosion, and other hazards. In severe cases, this can cause the entire plant to shut down and even halt production. Utility Model Content

[0005] In order to solve the technical problems existing in the background technology, the utility model provides a high-temperature side tube plate and tube head thermal protection structure of the waste heat boiler of the sulfur recovery device, which has the advantages of simple construction, good thermal insulation effect, easy replacement, no need for furnace baking, and short maintenance time.

[0006] The technical solution adopted by the utility model to solve its technical problems is:

[0007] The high-temperature side tube sheet and tube head thermal protection structure of the waste heat boiler of the sulfur recovery unit includes:

[0008] A first sleeve, the first sleeve is in the shape of a regular polygonal prism, one end of the first sleeve is attached to the tube sheet;

[0009] A second sleeve is integrally formed and arranged at one end of the first sleeve facing the tube sheet, the second sleeve passes through the tube sheet and is inserted into the heat exchange tube;

[0010] The inner hole passes through the first sleeve and the second sleeve.

[0011] Furthermore, the first sleeves are in the shape of regular hexagonal prisms, and the side surfaces of adjacent first sleeves are fitted together.

[0012] Furthermore, an annular cavity is formed on the outer side wall of the first sleeve.

[0013] Furthermore, the annular cavity is filled with refractory ceramic fiber felt.

[0014] Furthermore, an annular groove is formed on one end of the first sleeve that is attached to the tube plate, and the annular groove is located on the outer periphery of the second sleeve.

[0015] Furthermore, ceramic fiber paper is provided between the first sleeve and the tube sheet.

[0016] Furthermore, a gap is left between the outer wall of the second sleeve and the inner wall of the heat exchange tube.

[0017] Furthermore, the first sleeve and the second sleeve are made of ceramic material.

[0018] Beneficial effects of the utility model:

[0019] (1) It adopts an integrated polygonal ceramic sleeve and a refractory ceramic fiber felt and ceramic fiber paper composite structure, which has the advantages of simple construction, good thermal insulation effect, easy replacement, no need for oven drying, and short maintenance time.

[0020] (2) It can protect the high-temperature side tube sheet and heat exchange tube head of the waste heat boiler, improve the thermal protection effect of the tube head, and ensure the long-term operation of the equipment. It can also simplify the construction difficulty, shorten the time for maintenance and replacement, and reduce the downtime of the equipment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0022] Figure 1 It is a structural diagram of the prior art;

[0023] Figure 2 It is a structural diagram of the utility model;

[0024] Figure 3It is a top view of the utility model;

[0025] Figure 4 This is an installation position diagram of the utility model;

[0026] Figure 5 It is a planar layout diagram of the present utility model.

[0027] In the picture:

[0028] 101. Tube sheet, 102. Heat exchange tube, 103. Annular gap, 104. Outer porcelain sleeve, 105. Inner porcelain sleeve, 106. Heat-resistant lining, 107. Anchor plate, 108. Column anchor;

[0029] 1. First sleeve, 2. Annular cavity, 3. Inner hole, 4. Annular groove, 5. Second sleeve, 6. Refractory ceramic fiber felt, 7. Ceramic fiber paper. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0031] Existing technologies such as Figure 1 As shown, an inner porcelain sleeve 105 is inserted into the heat exchange tube 102. An annular gap 103 is defined between the inner porcelain sleeve 105 and the heat exchange tube 102. The annular gap 103 is filled with ceramic fiber. An outer porcelain sleeve 104 is sheathed around the outer circumference of the inner porcelain sleeve 105. The inner porcelain sleeve 105 and the outer porcelain sleeve 104 form a double porcelain sleeve. An anchor plate 107 is welded to the tube sheet 101, and cylindrical anchor pins 108 are welded to the anchor plate 107. The surface of the tube sheet 101 is provided with a heat-resistant lining 106. The inner porcelain sleeve 105, outer porcelain sleeve 104, anchor plate 107, and cylindrical anchor pins 108 are all located within the heat-resistant lining 106.

[0032] Although the above structure plays a protective role for the tube sheet 101 and the heat exchange tube 102, the construction is relatively complicated and tedious. The anchor nail pad 107 must first be welded to the surface of the tube sheet 101, and then the whole body of the waste heat boiler must be heat treated. After the heat treatment, the columnar anchor nail 108 is welded. When constructing the heat-resistant lining 106, first install the double porcelain sleeve at the end of the heat exchange tube 102, and then construct the heat-resistant lining 106 on the surface of the tube sheet. During the construction and ramming process of the heat-resistant lining 106, the double porcelain sleeve is easily damaged due to uneven force. During operation, due to factors such as thermal expansion and deformation of the heat-resistant lining 106, the double porcelain sleeve will also be damaged due to uneven force. Once the double porcelain sleeve is damaged, it is quite difficult to repair. If repair is required, the heat-resistant lining 106 on the surface of the tube sheet 101 needs to be smashed off, and then the double porcelain sleeve needs to be replaced, and then the heat-resistant lining 106 needs to be restored. The construction period is relatively long. If the double porcelain sleeve is damaged and not promptly repaired and replaced, it is very easy to cause the heat exchange tube 102 to overheat, resulting in tube leakage, high-temperature sulfur corrosion, etc. In severe cases, the entire device may be shut down or production may be stopped.

[0033] This technical solution is as Figure 2-5 As shown, it includes a first sleeve 1, which is in the shape of a regular polygonal prism, with one end of the first sleeve 1 attached to the tube sheet 101. A second sleeve 5 is integrally formed and disposed at the end of the first sleeve 1 facing the tube sheet 101. The second sleeve 5 passes through the tube sheet 101 and is inserted into the heat exchange tube 102. The first sleeve 1 and the second sleeve 5 are made of ceramic.

[0034] A gap is left between the outer wall of the second sleeve 5 and the inner wall of the heat exchange tube 102. The inner hole 3 passes through the first sleeve 1 and the second sleeve 5. The diameter of the inner hole 3 at the end of the first sleeve 1 is larger than the diameter of the inner hole 3 of the second sleeve 5.

[0035] In a specific implementation, the first sleeve 1 is in the shape of a regular hexagonal prism, and the sides of adjacent first sleeves 1 are in contact with each other. The first sleeve 1 can also be in the shape of a regular quadrangular prism.

[0036] An annular cavity 2 is defined on the outer wall of the first sleeve 1. This cavity 2 is filled with a refractory ceramic fiber felt 6. The refractory ceramic fiber felt 6 is tightly wrapped around the annular cavity 2. During installation, the refractory ceramic fiber felt 6 is tightly compacted, forming a tight, integrated structure within the first sleeve 1. This provides thermal protection for the tube sheet 101 and heat exchange tubes 102.

[0037] An annular groove 4 is defined at one end of the first sleeve 1, which abuts against the tube sheet 101. This groove 4 is located on the outer circumference of the second sleeve 5. This air pocket is formed between the annular groove 4 and the tube sheet 101, providing thermal insulation while also reducing stress concentration caused by uneven wall thickness at this location on the sleeve. Furthermore, the sleeve does not contact the ends of the heat exchange tubes 102, preventing damage to the sleeve due to vibration of the heat exchange tubes 102.

[0038] Ceramic fiber paper 7 is provided between the first sleeve 1 and the tube sheet 101. A layer of ceramic fiber paper is laid between the tube sheet 101 and the first sleeve 1 to play the role of heat insulation and vibration isolation.

[0039] Based on the above technical solution, the casing is not subject to the gravity, mechanical, or thermal stresses of the refractory lining, nor is it affected by expansion. This makes it durable and durable, and even if damaged, it can be easily replaced. If the casing is damaged, it can simply be removed and replaced – a simple and easy process. Furthermore, only one-piece polygonal ceramic casing, refractory ceramic fiber felt, and refractory ceramic fiber paper are used, eliminating the need for refractory castables or other materials. Therefore, no furnace drying is required after installation.

[0040] Based on the above-mentioned ideal embodiment of the present invention, and in accordance with the above description, relevant personnel can make various changes and modifications without departing from the technical scope of the present invention. The technical scope of the present invention is not limited to the content of the specification, but must be determined according to the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. The high-temperature side tube sheet and tube head thermal protection structure of the waste heat boiler of the sulfur recovery unit is characterized by: include: A first sleeve (1), wherein the first sleeve (1) is in the shape of a regular polygonal prism, and one end of the first sleeve (1) is attached to the tube sheet (101); A second sleeve (5) is integrally formed and arranged at one end of the first sleeve (1) facing the tube sheet (101), wherein the second sleeve (5) penetrates the tube sheet (101) and is inserted into the heat exchange tube (102); The inner hole (3) passes through the first sleeve (1) and the second sleeve (5).

2. The high-temperature side tube sheet and tube head thermal protection structure of the waste heat boiler of the sulfur recovery unit according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The first sleeves (1) are in the shape of regular hexagonal prisms, and the side surfaces of adjacent first sleeves (1) are fitted together.

3. The high-temperature side tube sheet and tube head thermal protection structure of the waste heat boiler of the sulfur recovery unit according to claim 1 is characterized in that: An annular cavity (2) is formed on the outer side wall of the first sleeve (1).

4. The high-temperature side tube sheet and tube head thermal protection structure of the waste heat boiler of the sulfur recovery unit according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The annular cavity (2) is filled with refractory ceramic fiber felt (6).

5. The high-temperature side tube sheet and tube head thermal protection structure of the waste heat boiler of the sulfur recovery unit according to claim 1 is characterized in that: An annular groove (4) is provided at one end of the first sleeve (1) that is in contact with the tube plate (101), and the annular groove (4) is located on the outer periphery of the second sleeve (5).

6. The high-temperature side tube sheet and tube head thermal protection structure of the waste heat boiler of the sulfur recovery unit according to claim 1 is characterized in that: Ceramic fiber paper (7) is provided between the first sleeve (1) and the tube plate (101).

7. The high-temperature side tube sheet and tube head thermal protection structure of the waste heat boiler of the sulfur recovery unit according to claim 1 is characterized in that: A gap is left between the outer wall of the second sleeve (5) and the inner wall of the heat exchange tube (102).

8. The high-temperature side tube sheet and tube head thermal protection structure of the waste heat boiler of the sulfur recovery unit according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The first sleeve (1) and the second sleeve (5) are made of ceramic material.

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