Starter double-electromagnetic switch

Abstract

The utility model discloses a double electromagnetic switch of a starter, which relates to the technical field of starters and comprises a shell, a static iron core, a shifting fork electromagnetic switch and a main circuit electromagnetic switch. A shifting fork electromagnetic switch and a main circuit electromagnetic switch are arranged, namely, two sets of switch systems are arranged, namely, two sets of movable iron cores and two sets of switch coils are arranged in the same shell and are shared by a static iron core, and respective work can be independently completed at different time under the control of an electronic control unit; the method is suitable for a common starting occasion and an idle starting and stopping occasion starting from an idle state. For the shifting fork electromagnetic switch, the head of a shifting fork movable iron core is connected with a shifting fork, is placed in an electromagnet coil and is responsible for pushing out an isolator, and the electromagnet coil is electrified to generate magnetic force so as to push out the shifting fork; for a main circuit electromagnetic switch, an electromagnetic switch coil is electrified to generate magnetic force to push an electromagnetic switch movable iron core, a main circuit is switched on, the motor rotates, torque is generated, and the torque is output through an armature and transmitted to an isolator to start an engine.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of starters, and more particularly to a double electromagnetic switch for a starter. Background Art

[0002] As the name suggests, an electromagnetic switch is a switch controlled by an electromagnet—a combination of an electromagnet and a switch. When the electromagnet coil is energized, it generates electromagnetic attraction, and the movable iron core pushes or pulls the switch contacts to close, thereby connecting the controlled circuit. The electromagnetic switch is the control switch on the starter motor and one of the starter's three main components. Its operating principle is that when the coil is energized, it generates electromagnetic attraction, which moves the movable iron core. This, on the one hand, pulls the transmission meshing mechanism forward, causing the starter pinion to mesh with the engine flywheel ring gear, and on the other hand, pushes the switch contacts to close, energizing the DC motor and starting the engine. The starter electromagnetic switch is a key component of the starter, and its design quality directly affects the reliability of the starter.

[0003] The starter solenoid switch has two functions: one is to connect the main circuit to rotate the starter, and the other is to push the drive gear through the shift fork to engage with the engine flywheel ring gear. Therefore, the solenoid switch is required to have corresponding suction force, corresponding stroke, and contacts that can reliably switch large currents. In addition, the volume and weight must be reduced as much as possible.

[0004] In the prior art, patent publication number CN220895359U discloses a starter electromagnetic switch, which relates to the field of electromagnetic switch technology and includes a switch base, a switch cover, a moving iron core assembly, an electromagnet coil, a base plate, a bracket, a static iron core, and a moving ring assembly. The starter electromagnetic switch features an electromagnet coil that is relatively easy to install and secure. The electromagnet coil, base plate, and bracket form a coil assembly. The electromagnet coil is radially positioned by snapping into the base plate groove of the base plate via a clamping block. The bracket is assembled on the electromagnet coil, and its front end passes through the base plate and snaps into the switch base to position the electromagnet coil within the switch base, thereby facilitating installation. The switch cover and switch base are detachably connected by bolts, which press the switch cover, static iron core, and coil assembly onto the switch base, securing the switch cover, static iron core, and coil assembly. The switch has a split internal structure, including a moving iron core assembly, a coil assembly, a static iron core, and a moving ring assembly. The meshing method is forced meshing, making installation relatively easy.

[0005] The starter electromagnetic switch disclosed in the above patent is a single starter electromagnetic switch. The moving ring assembly is slidably installed in the static iron core and is driven by the moving iron core assembly to move into the switch cover. That is, when the moving iron core assembly moves to the right and into position during operation, the moving ring assembly also moves to the right and into position. The moving iron core assembly uses the shift fork to push the drive gear out to engage with the engine flywheel ring gear, and the moving ring assembly connects the main circuit. That is, the drive gear engages with the engine flywheel teeth and the moving ring assembly connects the main circuit at the same time, and then disconnects at the same time. However, it is not applicable in certain scenarios where each needs to be completed in different time periods. Utility Model Content

[0006] In order to overcome the defects existing in the above-mentioned prior art, the purpose of the present utility model is to provide a starter dual electromagnetic switch. The utility model has two sets of switch systems, namely two sets of moving iron cores and two sets of switch coils, which are placed in the same housing and share the static iron core, and independently complete their respective tasks at different times.

[0007] In order to achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by this utility model is:

[0008] A starter double electromagnetic switch comprises a housing, a static iron core, a shift fork electromagnetic switch and a main circuit electromagnetic switch;

[0009] The static iron core is assembled in the housing, and the shift fork electromagnetic switch and the main circuit electromagnetic switch are respectively located on the left and right sides of the static iron core;

[0010] The shift fork electromagnetic switch includes an electromagnet coil and a shift fork moving iron core; the electromagnet coil is assembled in the housing and close to the stationary iron core, and the shift fork moving iron core is slidably assembled in the electromagnet coil and the housing. When the electromagnet coil is energized, a magnetic force is generated to drive the shift fork moving iron core to move toward the stationary iron core;

[0011] The main circuit electromagnetic switch includes a switch cover, a static contact, an electromagnetic switch coil and an electromagnetic switch moving iron core; the switch cover is installed on the right side of the shell and has two static contacts installed therein, the electromagnetic switch coil is installed in the shell and close to the static iron core, the electromagnetic switch moving iron core is slidably installed in the electromagnetic switch coil and the switch cover, and the electromagnetic switch coil is energized to generate magnetic force to drive the electromagnetic switch moving iron core to move toward the static iron core, and the electromagnetic switch moving iron core contacts the two static contacts to connect the main circuit.

[0012] Preferably, the shift fork electromagnetic switch further comprises a return spring, which is mounted between the shift fork movable iron core and the static iron core and drives the shift fork movable iron core to reset after the electromagnet coil is powered off.

[0013] Preferably, the main circuit electromagnetic switch further comprises a buffer spring, which is mounted between the electromagnetic switch moving iron core and the switch cover, and drives the electromagnetic switch moving iron core to reset after the electromagnetic switch coil is powered off.

[0014] Preferably, the shift fork electromagnetic switch further includes a bottom plate and a copper sleeve;

[0015] The left end of the shell extends inward to form a sliding cavity of the shift fork moving iron core, and the bottom plate is assembled between the inward extending portion of the left end of the shell and the electromagnet coil; the copper sleeve is assembled between the electromagnet coil and the shift fork moving iron core, and between the inward extending portion of the left end of the shell and the shift fork moving iron core.

[0016] Preferably, the main circuit electromagnetic switch further comprises an axial magnetic conductive cylinder and a radial magnetic conductive plate;

[0017] The axial magnetic conductive cylinder is located in the shell, with its left end abutting against the static iron core and its right end abutting against the radial magnetic conductive plate. The electromagnetic switch coil is located in the axial magnetic conductive cylinder; the radial magnetic conductive plate is located in the shell, with its left end abutting against the electromagnetic switch coil and its right end abutting against the switch cover.

[0018] Preferably, an assembly screw is provided at the left end of the shell.

[0019] Preferably, the two static contacts are connected to a B terminal and an M terminal respectively, the B terminal is connected to an ignition switch and a main circuit power supply through a line, and the M terminal is connected to an armature coil of a motor through a line.

[0020] Preferably, the electromagnet coil and the electromagnetic switch coil are both connected to an electronic control unit, and the electronic control unit is connected to a coil power supply, a rotation speed detection sensor and an ignition switch.

[0021] Beneficial effects of the utility model:

[0022] The starter dual electromagnetic switch provided by the utility model is provided with a shift fork electromagnetic switch and a main circuit electromagnetic switch, that is, two sets of switch systems are provided, namely two sets of moving iron cores and two sets of switch coils, which are respectively placed in the same housing and share a static iron core. They can independently complete their respective operations at different times under the control of the electronic control unit, and are suitable for normal starting occasions and idle start-stop occasions starting from the idle state.

[0023] The utility model provides a double electromagnetic switch for a starter. For the shift fork electromagnetic switch, the head of the shift fork moving iron core is connected to the shift fork and placed in the electromagnet coil. The head is responsible for pushing out the one-way device. The electromagnet coil is energized to generate magnetic force to push out the shift fork. For the main circuit electromagnetic switch, the electromagnetic switch coil is energized to generate magnetic force to push the electromagnetic switch moving iron core, connect the main circuit, rotate the motor, generate torque, and output it through the armature, which is transmitted to the one-way device to start the engine. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the double electromagnetic switch of the starter of the utility model;

[0025] Figure 2 This is the electrical schematic diagram of the utility model;

[0026] Reference numerals:

[0027] 1. Housing; 2. Static iron core; 3. Shift fork electromagnetic switch; 31. Electromagnetic coil; 32. Shift fork moving iron core; 33. Return spring; 34. Bottom plate; 35. Copper sleeve; 4. Main circuit electromagnetic switch; 41. Switch cover; 42. Static contact; 43. Electromagnetic switch coil; 44. Electromagnetic switch moving iron core; 45. Buffer spring; 46. Axial magnetic guide tube; 47. Radial magnetic guide plate; 5. Assembly screw; 61. B terminal; 62. M terminal; 63. Ignition switch; 64. Main circuit power supply; 65. Motor armature coil; 66. Electronic control unit; 67. Speed detection sensor. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] The following will provide a clear and complete description of the concept, specific structure and technical effects of the present invention in conjunction with the embodiments and drawings, so as to fully understand the purpose, features and effects of the present invention.

[0029] A starter double electromagnetic switch, such as Figure 1 As shown, it includes a housing 1, a static iron core 2, a shift fork electromagnetic switch 3 and a main circuit electromagnetic switch 4;

[0030] The static iron core 2 is assembled in the housing 1, and the shift fork electromagnetic switch 3 and the main circuit electromagnetic switch 4 are respectively located on the left and right sides of the static iron core 2;

[0031] The shift fork electromagnetic switch 3 includes an electromagnet coil 31 and a shift fork moving iron core 32. The electromagnet coil 31 is assembled in the housing 1 and is close to the stationary iron core 2. The shift fork moving iron core 32 is slidably assembled in the electromagnet coil 31 and the housing 1. When the electromagnet coil 31 is energized, it generates a magnetic force that drives the shift fork moving iron core 32 to move toward the stationary iron core 2.

[0032] The main circuit electromagnetic switch 4 includes a switch cover 41, a static contact 42, an electromagnetic switch coil 43 and an electromagnetic switch moving iron core 44; the switch cover 41 is assembled on the right side of the outer shell 1 and is equipped with two static contacts 42 therein, the electromagnetic switch coil 43 is assembled in the outer shell 1 and is close to the static iron core 2, the electromagnetic switch moving iron core 44 is slidably assembled in the electromagnetic switch coil 43 and the switch cover 41, and the electromagnetic switch coil 43 is energized to generate magnetic force to drive the electromagnetic switch moving iron core 44 to move toward the static iron core 2, and the electromagnetic switch moving iron core 44 contacts the two static contacts 42 to connect the main circuit.

[0033] In this embodiment, the shift fork electromagnetic switch 3 and the main circuit electromagnetic switch 4 can be independent of each other. The shift fork electromagnetic switch 3 is used to drive the shift fork to move forward and backward; the main circuit electromagnetic switch 4 is used to connect the main circuit.

[0034] Specifically, for the shift fork electromagnetic switch 3, the left end of the shift fork moving iron core 32 is connected to the shift fork, and the electromagnet coil 31 is energized to generate magnetic force to drive the shift fork moving iron core 32 to move toward the static iron core 2, thereby driving the shift fork to rotate. The shift fork drives the one-way device to extend forward, so that the driving gear at the front end of the one-way device engages with the engine flywheel.

[0035] For the main circuit electromagnetic switch 4, the electromagnetic switch coil 43 is energized to generate magnetic force to drive the electromagnetic switch moving iron core 44 to move toward the static iron core 2, and the electromagnetic switch moving iron core 44 contacts the two static contacts 42 to connect the main circuit. The rotation of the armature drives the one-way device to rotate, and the driving gear at the front end of the one-way device drives the engine flywheel to rotate.

[0036] like Figure 1 As shown, the shift fork electromagnetic switch 3 further includes a return spring 33, which is assembled between the shift fork movable iron core 32 and the static iron core 2. After the electromagnet coil 31 is powered off, the return spring 33 drives the shift fork movable iron core 32 to move leftward and reset.

[0037] like Figure 1 As shown, the main circuit electromagnetic switch 4 also includes a buffer spring 45, which is assembled between the electromagnetic switch moving iron core 44 and the switch cover 41. After the electromagnetic switch coil 43 is powered off, the buffer spring 45 drives the electromagnetic switch moving iron core 44 to move rightward and reset.

[0038] like Figure 1 As shown, the shift fork electromagnetic switch 3 also includes a base plate 34 and a copper sleeve 35; the left end of the housing 1 extends inward to form a sliding cavity for the shift fork movable iron core, and the base plate 34 is assembled between the inward extension portion of the left end of the housing 1 and the electromagnet coil 31; the copper sleeve 35 is assembled between the electromagnet coil 31 and the shift fork movable iron core 32, and between the inward extension portion of the left end of the housing 1 and the shift fork movable iron core 32.

[0039] like Figure 1 As shown, the main circuit electromagnetic switch 4 also includes an axial magnetic conductive cylinder 46 and a radial magnetic conductive plate 47; the axial magnetic conductive cylinder 46 is located in the shell 1 and its left end is against the static iron core 2 and its right end is against the radial magnetic conductive plate 47, and the electromagnetic switch coil 43 is located in the axial magnetic conductive cylinder 46; the radial magnetic conductive plate 47 is located in the shell 1 and its left end is against the electromagnetic switch coil 43 and its right end is against the switch cover 41.

[0040] like Figure 1 As shown, an assembly screw 5 is provided at the left end of the housing 1 to assemble the dual electromagnetic switch on the starter.

[0041] like Figure 2As shown, the two static contacts 42 are connected to a B terminal 61 and an M terminal 62 respectively. The B terminal 61 is connected to an ignition switch 63 and a main circuit power supply 64 through a line, and the M terminal 62 is connected to a motor armature coil 65 through a line.

[0042] like Figure 2 As shown, the electromagnet coil 31 and the electromagnetic switch coil 43 are both connected to the electronic control unit 66 , and the electronic control unit 66 is connected to the coil power supply, the rotation speed detection sensor 67 and the ignition switch 63 .

[0043] In order to better understand the present invention, the following is a complete description of the working principle of the present invention:

[0044] 1. Common starting situations:

[0045] The engine is in a completely stopped state, such as the state where the car has just started, that is, the user turns on the ignition switch 63 to start the engine: when the ignition switch 63 is turned on and the signal to start the engine is received, the electromagnet coil 31 controlled by the electronic control unit 66 (ECU) outputs a conduction signal, and the coil power supply supplies power to the electromagnet coil 31, the static iron core 2 is magnetized, attracting its shift fork movable iron core 32, causing it to move toward the static iron core 2, and the shift fork fixed on the shift fork movable iron core 32 pushes the drive gear to move in the opposite direction of the motor, and stops when the drive gear presses against the end face of the engine flywheel.

[0046] After a specified time from the engine start signal, the ECU controls the relay coil and electromagnetic switch coil 43 to be energized simultaneously, closing their contacts. As a result, current flows through the motor armature coil, generating torque. This torque is transmitted to the planetary shaft via the reduction gear ring and planetary gears. This torque then rotates the planetary shaft and is transmitted to the drive gear on it via a one-way device. When the drive gear rotates to a position where it can mesh with the flywheel ring gear, the reaction force of the transmission spring (return spring) causes the drive gear to mesh with the flywheel ring gear. The drive ring gear then transmits the torque to the flywheel ring gear, starting the engine.

[0047] After the engine is started, the stop signal output by the ECU is used to stop supplying power to the electromagnet coil 31, the magnetism of the static iron core 2 disappears, the suction force on the shift fork moving iron core 32 disappears, and the shift fork moving iron core 32 returns to its original position under the action of the return spring 33, and the drive gear and the one-way device withdraw from the engagement with the flywheel ring gear; in addition, the electromagnetic switch coil 43 that controls the on and off current of the motor is de-energized, the suction force of its electromagnetic switch moving iron core 44 disappears, and it returns to its original position, the contacts are disconnected, the relay contacts are also disconnected, the main circuit power supply 64 stops supplying power, and the armature gradually decelerates until it stops.

[0048] 2. When implementing idle start-stop from idle state:

[0049] Starting from idle mode, when the stop conditions for the automatic stop motor are met (such as vehicle speed reaching zero, the automatic pedal being pressed, etc.), the ECU outputs a signal to stop the engine, halting fuel injection and air intake. As a result, the engine enters the stopping process, and the speed of the flywheel ring gear begins to decrease. When the flywheel ring gear speed drops to the set initial speed, the ECU sends an energizing signal to the electromagnet coil 31. Simultaneously, the flywheel ring gear speed sensor 67, which detects the flywheel ring gear speed, inputs sensor information to the ECU. The electromagnet driving the drive gear pushes the drive gear's moving element in the opposite direction of the motor. After the end face of the drive gear contacts the end face of the flywheel ring gear, the drive gear rotates to a position where it can mesh with the flywheel ring gear, establishing meshing between the two gears. The flywheel ring gear speed then continues to decrease until it stops. While maintaining meshing with the flywheel, the drive gear rotates along with the flywheel ring gear until it stops. During this period, a maintaining current flows through the electromagnet coil 31, maintaining meshing with the flywheel ring gear.

[0050] The process of stopping the engine: During the rotation of the flywheel ring gear, the ejection pinion is activated by the electromagnet, which meshes the drive gear with the flywheel ring gear, which is called the drive gear reset. During the drive gear reset period, no current flows through the electromagnetic switch coil 43 used for energizing the motor.

[0051] Engine restart after drive gear reset: When the engine restart conditions are met (such as the user releasing the brake or the shift lever being pre-shifted into a transmission position), the ECU outputs a closing signal to the electromagnetic switch coil 43, which controls the on / off switching of the motor. This energizes the switch coil, attracting the electromagnetic switch moving iron core 44 to the stationary iron core 2. The moving contact presses against a set of stationary contacts. Combined with the energy stored in the moving contact spring, the motor contacts close. As a result, main circuit power supply 64 supplies power to the motor, generating torque in the armature. At this point, because the drive gear is meshed with the flywheel ring gear, the motor torque is transferred from the drive gear to the flywheel ring gear, starting the engine.

[0052] The above is a detailed description of the implementation methods of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to the embodiments. Those skilled in the art may make various equivalent modifications or substitutions without violating the spirit of the present invention, and these equivalents or substitutions are all included in the scope defined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A starter double electromagnetic switch, characterized in that: It includes a housing (1), a static iron core (2), a shift fork electromagnetic switch (3) and a main circuit electromagnetic switch (4); The static iron core (2) is assembled in the housing (1), and the shift fork electromagnetic switch (3) and the main circuit electromagnetic switch (4) are respectively located on the left and right sides of the static iron core (2); The shift fork electromagnetic switch (3) comprises an electromagnet coil (31) and a shift fork moving iron core (32); the electromagnet coil (31) is assembled in the housing (1) and close to the static iron core (2); the shift fork moving iron core (32) is slidably assembled in the electromagnet coil (31) and the housing (1); the electromagnet coil (31) is energized to generate magnetic force to drive the shift fork moving iron core (32) to move in the direction of the static iron core (2); The main circuit electromagnetic switch (4) comprises a switch cover (41), a static contact (42), an electromagnetic switch coil (43) and an electromagnetic switch moving iron core (44); the switch cover (41) is mounted on the right side of the housing (1) and has two static contacts (42) mounted therein; the electromagnetic switch coil (43) is mounted in the housing (1) and is close to the static iron core (2); the electromagnetic switch moving iron core (44) is slidably mounted in the electromagnetic switch coil (43) and the switch cover (41); the electromagnetic switch coil (43) is energized to generate magnetic force to drive the electromagnetic switch moving iron core (44) to move toward the static iron core (2); the electromagnetic switch moving iron core (44) contacts the two static contacts (42) and connects to the main circuit.

2. A starter dual electromagnetic switch as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The shift fork electromagnetic switch (3) further includes a return spring (33), which is assembled between the shift fork movable iron core (32) and the static iron core (2) and drives the shift fork movable iron core (32) to reset after the electromagnet coil (31) is powered off.

3. A starter dual electromagnetic switch as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The main circuit electromagnetic switch (4) further comprises a buffer spring (45), which is assembled between the electromagnetic switch moving iron core (44) and the switch cover (41) and drives the electromagnetic switch moving iron core (44) to reset after the electromagnetic switch coil (43) is powered off.

4. A starter dual electromagnetic switch as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The shift fork electromagnetic switch (3) further includes a base plate (34) and a copper sleeve (35); The left end of the housing (1) extends inwardly to form a sliding cavity of the shift fork movable iron core, and the bottom plate (34) is assembled between the inwardly extending portion of the left end of the housing (1) and the electromagnet coil (31); the copper sleeve (35) is assembled between the electromagnet coil (31) and the shift fork movable iron core (32), and between the inwardly extending portion of the left end of the housing (1) and the shift fork movable iron core (32).

5. A starter dual electromagnetic switch as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The main circuit electromagnetic switch (4) further comprises an axial magnetic guide cylinder (46) and a radial magnetic guide plate (47); The axial magnetic guide cylinder (46) is located in the housing (1) and its left end is against the static iron core (2) and its right end is against the radial magnetic guide plate (47); the electromagnetic switch coil (43) is located in the axial magnetic guide cylinder (46); the radial magnetic guide plate (47) is located in the housing (1) and its left end is against the electromagnetic switch coil (43) and its right end is against the switch cover (41).

6. A starter dual electromagnetic switch as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: An assembly screw (5) is provided at the left end of the housing (1).

7. A starter dual electromagnetic switch as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The two static contacts (42) are respectively connected to a B terminal (61) and an M terminal (62), the B terminal (61) is connected to an ignition switch (63) and a main circuit power supply (64) via a line, and the M terminal (62) is connected to an armature coil (65) of a motor via a line.

8. A starter dual electromagnetic switch as claimed in claim 7, characterized in that: The electromagnet coil (31) and the electromagnetic switch coil (43) are both connected to an electronic control unit (66), and the electronic control unit (66) is connected to a coil power supply, a rotation speed detection sensor (67), and an ignition switch (63).

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