High-precision intelligent water and fertilizer all-in-one machine

Abstract

The utility model discloses a high-precision intelligent water and fertilizer all-in-one machine, which comprises a water inlet system, a fertilizer inlet system, a fertilizer mixing system, a liquid storage system and an irrigation system, the water inlet system and the fertilizer inlet system are both connected with the liquid storage system, the liquid storage system is connected with the fertilizer mixing system, and the fertilizer mixing system is connected with the irrigation system. The equipment can meet the requirements of different crop types for nutrient solutions in different growth periods, and different fertilizer preparation strategies and irrigation schemes can be formulated; according to the equipment, the precision of nutrient solution preparation is guaranteed through a specific structural design and method, according to an irrigation strategy, uniform, timed and quantitative irrigation is achieved through an irrigation system, and various planting modes such as tide, drip irrigation and deep and shallow liquid flow can be met, so that automatic and accurate fertilizer preparation and irrigation can be achieved, and the requirements of different crop categories for nutrient solutions in various growth periods are met; therefore, water and fertilizer utilization rate is improved, human input is reduced, and crop yield and quality are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the field of agricultural production, in particular to a high-precision intelligent water and fertilizer integrated machine. Background Art

[0002] In the field of agricultural production, fertilization and irrigation are one of the basic conditions for crop nutrient supplementation and water regulation. Reasonable irrigation has a significant effect on ensuring crop growth and increasing yields. Traditional agricultural irrigation relies more on manpower and often has the following problems: 1. Waste of water resources: Overirrigation often occurs, resulting in water waste. 2. Uneven fertilizer application: Uneven fertilization may lead to inconsistent crop growth. 3. High labor intensity: A lot of manual operation is required, which is inefficient. 4. Soil erosion: Unreasonable irrigation methods may cause soil erosion and salinization. 5. Inefficiency: Traditional irrigation methods may not be able to effectively cover the entire cultivated area.

[0003] Therefore, water and fertilizer machines have played a vital role in agriculture, replacing manual irrigation and effectively overcoming the aforementioned issues. Currently, there are two main types of water and fertilizer machines: manual water and fertilizer machines, which use manual control to apply fertilizer. Automated water and fertilizer machines, which integrate automatic control systems and use sensors and controllers to automatically adjust the fertilizer ratio, application rate, and application time.

[0004] While manual fertilizer dispensers are simple to operate and cost-effective, they do have certain drawbacks: 1. High labor intensity: Fertilizer mixing and application requires manual labor, which is labor-intensive and physically demanding. This increases the labor burden, especially when planting on large areas. 2. Uneven fertilization: Due to manual operation, fertilizer application may be uneven, resulting in inconsistent crop growth. This can affect crop growth and yield, and reduce fertilizer efficiency. 3. Low efficiency: Manual fertilizer dispensers are slow to apply fertilizer, making them particularly inadequate for large-scale agricultural production. Fertilization requires more time and manpower, reducing overall efficiency. 4. Imprecise fertilizer control: Precisely controlling the amount and concentration of fertilizer can be difficult, making over- or under-dosing a problem. This can lead to fertilizer waste or crop damage. 5. Difficulty adjusting: Manual equipment is less convenient than automated systems, requiring manual intervention to change fertilizer ratios or formulations. For crops that require frequent adjustments to fertilizer formulations, manual fertilizer dispensers may not be flexible enough. 6. Technical skills required: Effective fertilization requires certain operating skills and experience. Improper operation may result in poor fertilization results, affecting crop health and yield. 7. Dependence on weather and environment: In severe weather conditions, manual fertilization operations may be limited, affecting the implementation of fertilization plans. Weather changes may cause delays or interruptions in fertilization operations.

[0005] Automatic water and fertilizer machines solve the problem of manual labor burden. At the same time, most equipment can automatically mix fertilizers and irrigate according to the characteristics of crops. However, the automatic water and fertilizer machines in the existing technology also have the following problems: 1. Automatic water and fertilizer machines mainly use the Venturi effect to mix fertilizers and water, which will cause: (1) Uneven mixing: The fertilizer solution may be uneven, affecting the fertilization effect. (2) Operational limitations: It needs to cooperate with a certain pressure of water flow and cannot be applied to all water pressure conditions. (3) Imprecise adjustment: The adjustment of fertilizer concentration and flow is not accurate enough. 2. It mainly uses large flow, and the fertilizer and irrigation is tens to hundreds of liters per hour. The applicable scenarios are mainly medium and large-scale planting production, such as: (1) Medium and large farmland: suitable for small and medium-sized crop planting that does not require extremely high precision fertilization. (2) Greenhouses and sheds: convenient for mixing and applying water and fertilizer in a controlled environment. (3) Horticulture and fruit tree planting: used for regular fertilization of fruit trees and horticultural crops. (4) Small or micro plant factories, covering dozens to hundreds of square meters, are not suitable for small and medium-sized crop planting, scientific research institutions, universities, and other scientific research scenarios with low flow and high precision fertilization. 3. Large-scale production and planting scenarios, where the equipment is relatively fixed and cannot be moved, and the equipment is relatively large and occupies too much space, cannot be moved, and has poor scalability. Utility Model Content

[0006] In order to solve at least one of the above problems, the present invention provides a high-precision intelligent integrated water and fertilizer machine.

[0007] In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0008] A high-precision intelligent water-fertilizer integrated machine includes a water inlet system, a fertilizer inlet system, a fertilizer mixing system, a liquid storage system, and an irrigation system. The water inlet system and the fertilizer inlet system are both connected to the liquid storage system, the liquid storage system is connected to the fertilizer mixing system, and the fertilizer mixing system is connected to the irrigation system.

[0009] As a preferred embodiment of the above solution, the liquid storage system includes a liquid storage tank, and a liquid storage tank cover is provided on the liquid storage tank.

[0010] As a preferred embodiment of the above scheme, the water inlet system includes a water inlet pipe and a liquid level sensor. The water inlet pipe is connected to the liquid storage tank to introduce external RO water into the liquid storage tank. A water inlet valve and a flow meter are installed on the water inlet pipe, and the liquid level sensor is installed in the liquid storage tank.

[0011] As a preferred embodiment of the above solution, the fertilizer supply system includes a mother liquid barrel and a peristaltic pump. The peristaltic pump is connected to the mother liquid barrel and the liquid storage tank respectively through a fertilizer supply pipe. A weighing sensor is installed under the mother liquid barrel.

[0012] As a preferred embodiment of the above scheme, the fertilizer mixing system includes a fertilizer mixing pump, a circulation tank, a PH and EC sensor, a filter, a circulation tank manual valve, and a static fertilizer mixing chamber. The fertilizer mixing pump is connected to the liquid storage tank and the static fertilizer mixing chamber through a fertilizer mixing pipe to form a fertilizer mixing circuit. A filter is installed at the inlet of the static fertilizer mixing chamber. The two ends of the circulation tank are respectively connected to the fertilizer mixing pipe through a hose to form a drainage bypass. The circulation tank is installed with a PH and EC sensor, and the circulation tank manual valve is installed at the inlet and outlet of the circulation tank.

[0013] As a preferred embodiment of the above solution, the irrigation system includes an irrigation pump and an irrigation valve. The inlet end of the irrigation pump is connected to the irrigation port at the bottom of the liquid storage tank, and the outlet end is connected to the irrigation pipe, and the irrigation valve is installed on the irrigation pipe.

[0014] As a preferred embodiment of the above scheme, a protection system is also included, which includes a drain valve, a manual pressure relief valve, a float sensor, and a liquid detection sensor. The irrigation pipe is connected to a pressure relief pipe, a drain pipe, and an overflow pipe. The pressure relief pipe and the drain pipe are respectively installed with a manual pressure relief valve and a drain valve. The float sensor is installed in the liquid storage tank; the liquid detection sensor is installed on the ground.

[0015] As a preferred embodiment of the above solution, it further includes a moving system, wherein the moving system includes a pulley, and a pulley lock is installed on the pulley.

[0016] As a preferred embodiment of the above scheme, a control system is further included, which includes a control cabinet. The control cabinet is provided with a controller, data acquisition equipment, storage equipment, power supply, communication equipment, controller, and peripheral interface. The control cabinet can be connected to the cloud platform.

[0017] As a preferred embodiment of the above scheme, the integrated water and fertilizer machine can be used in conjunction with a return water system to form a closed-loop water circulation. The return water system includes a water receiving tank and a return water pump. The water receiving tank is arranged at the bottom of the interlayer pipe of the plant planting rack to be irrigated, and the water receiving tank is connected to the return liquid port on the liquid storage tank through the return water pump.

[0018] Due to the above structure, the beneficial effects of the utility model are:

[0019] 1. The integrated water and fertilizer equipment integrates multiple systems including water inlet system, fertilizer inlet system, fertilizer mixing system, liquid storage system, irrigation system, return water system, protection system, and control system. The whole equipment is integrated, integrated, and automated. It is easy to install, simple to operate, and movable. It has precise fertilizer distribution and small flow rate, making it more suitable for small or micro plant factories, scientific research institutions, universities and other scientific research scenarios;

[0020] 2. Users can develop water and fertilizer plans based on plant types and their water and fertilizer needs during different growth periods. The equipment automatically mixes soluble solid or liquid fertilizers into fertilizer solutions suitable for plant growth, based on the nutrient content of the substrate and the growth patterns and characteristics of the crops, through a fertilizer mixing system. Using a controllable irrigation system, through irrigation pipes and nozzles, it can accommodate a variety of irrigation modes, including drip irrigation, deep / shallow flow, tidal, and spray irrigation. Furthermore, it can achieve uniform, timed, and quantitative irrigation, meeting the refined water and fertilizer requirements of different crops at different growth stages.

[0021] 3. The online architecture ensures that fertilizer is dispensed before irrigation. The device comes with a built-in storage and mixing tank, and a peristaltic pump adds fertilizer with an accuracy of 1ml. EC and pH sensors monitor and adjust the system in real time. This ensures that the dispensed fertilizer matches the set target value, meeting the requirements for high-precision fertilizer dispensing. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for describing the embodiments.

[0023] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the utility model;

[0024] Figure 2 This is a front view of the internal structure of the utility model;

[0025] Figure 3 This is a rear view of the internal structure of the utility model;

[0026] Figure 4 This is a top view of the internal structure of the utility model;

[0027] Figure 5 This is a three-dimensional diagram of the internal structure of the utility model;

[0028] Figure 6 This is the control system architecture diagram of the utility model;

[0029] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the use of the return water system of the utility model;

[0030] Figure 8 This is a system architecture diagram for the drip irrigation and sprinkler irrigation modes of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 9 This is a system architecture diagram of the utility model under tidal and deep / shallow liquid flow modes. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] The following is a clear and complete description of the technical solution of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0033] like Figures 1 to 7 As shown, this embodiment provides a high-precision intelligent integrated water and fertilizer machine. The entire machine is highly integrated and integrated. It mainly includes a water inlet system, a fertilizer inlet system, a fertilizer mixing system, a liquid storage system, and an irrigation system. The water inlet system and the fertilizer inlet system are both connected to the liquid storage system, which is connected to the fertilizer mixing system, and the fertilizer mixing system is connected to the irrigation system.

[0034] Specifically:

[0035] The liquid storage system includes a liquid storage tank 11 with a liquid storage tank cover 12. Tank 11 is made of stainless steel, making it highly corrosion-resistant. Cover 12 prevents light from entering the tank, preventing moss growth. After mixing, the fertilizer solution remains in tank 11, awaiting irrigation.

[0036] The water inlet system includes an inlet pipe 21 and a liquid level sensor 22. The inlet pipe 21 connects to the liquid storage tank 11, introducing external RO water into the tank. An inlet valve 23 and a flow meter are installed on the inlet pipe 21, and the liquid level sensor 22 is installed inside the tank 11. When the liquid level sensor 22 detects a low liquid level in the tank 11, fertilizer dispensing is triggered. The inlet valve 23 opens, allowing RO water to enter the tank 11 through the inlet pipe 21. The liquid level sensor 22 monitors the current liquid level in real time. When the water inlet capacity reaches the configured level, the inlet valve 23 closes, completing the water inlet.

[0037] The fertilizer supply system includes a mother liquid barrel 31 and a peristaltic pump 32. The peristaltic pump 32 is connected to the mother liquid barrel 31 and the liquid storage tank 11 through a fertilizer supply pipe. A weighing sensor 33 is installed below the mother liquid barrel 31. After the water is inletted, the device will calculate the amount of mother liquid that needs to be added based on the EC and pH of the fertilizer liquid configured by the user. The volume of the corresponding mother liquid is added by controlling the number of revolutions of the peristaltic pump 32. The peristaltic pump 32 rotates 1 circle to add 1ml of mother liquid. The weighing sensor 33 detects the weight of the mother liquid in real time. If the weight of the mother liquid is insufficient, that is, the mother liquid remaining is insufficient, the system will issue an alarm to prompt that the mother liquid needs to be added.

[0038] The fertilizer mixing system includes a fertilizer mixing pump 41, a flow channel 42, a pH and EC sensor 43, a filter 44, a flow channel manual valve 45, and a static fertilizer mixing chamber 46. The fertilizer mixing pump 41 is connected to the liquid storage tank 11 and the static fertilizer mixing chamber 46 via a fertilizer mixing pipe, forming a fertilizer mixing circuit. A filter 44 is installed at the inlet of the static fertilizer mixing chamber 46. After the water and fertilizer are fully introduced, the fertilizer mixing pump 41 starts, and the water and fertilizer pass through the static fertilizer mixing chamber 46 to evenly mix the clean water and mother liquor. The ends of the flow channel 42 are connected to the fertilizer mixing pipe via hoses, forming a drainage bypass. The flow channel 42 is equipped with pH and EC sensors 43, and flow channel manual valves 45 are installed at the inlet and outlet of the flow channel 42. The inlet and outlet manual valves of the flow channel 42 are adjusted to create a pressure differential between the two ends, allowing the fertilizer liquid to be introduced into the flow channel 42 through the bypass. The pH and EC sensors 43 monitor the current fertilizer liquid parameters in real time. When the pressure falls below the set value, the fertilizer inlet system adds mother liquor; when it exceeds the set value, the water inlet system adds RO water. When the set value is reached, the fertilizer mixing is complete. The static mixing chamber 46 is a device used to mix different fluids. This mixing is achieved through internal mixing elements. These elements typically force turbulence and rotation in the fluids as they pass through the chamber, resulting in continuous collision and mixing of the fluids. This mixing process does not rely on external mechanical forces or power. The flow channel 42 primarily serves as a drainage channel. If the sensor is placed directly in the liquid storage tank 11, the fertilizer liquid contains chemicals, which can damage the sensor over time, leading to inaccurate fertilizer distribution. Furthermore, the presence of fertilizer liquid in the liquid storage tank 11 makes cleaning, maintenance, and calibration inconvenient. Using the flow channel 42, the fertilizer liquid in the liquid storage tank 11 is drained into the flow channel 42, and the sensor is placed on top of the flow channel 42. This ensures that the sensor does not need to be immersed in the fertilizer liquid for a long time, preventing damage and providing more accurate monitoring. Furthermore, the sensor can be directly unscrewed for subsequent maintenance, calibration, and cleaning, making it more convenient to operate. The filter 44 filters impurities in the fertilizer liquid during mixing to prevent pipe blockage.

[0039] The irrigation system includes an irrigation pump 51 and an irrigation valve 52. The inlet of the irrigation pump 51 is connected to an irrigation port 53 at the bottom of the liquid storage tank 11, and the outlet of the irrigation pump 51 is connected to an irrigation pipe 54, on which the irrigation valve 52 is installed. The device irrigates by activating the irrigation pump 51 and the irrigation valve 52 according to the irrigation strategy set by the user.

[0040] This embodiment also includes a protection system, comprising a drain valve 61, a manual pressure relief valve 62, a float sensor 63, and a liquid detection sensor 64. The irrigation pipe 54 is connected to a pressure relief pipe 65, a drain pipe 67, and an overflow pipe 66 via a tee. The pressure relief pipe 65 is installed with a manual pressure relief valve 62, and the drain pipe 67 is installed with a drain valve 61. The overflow pipe leads directly to the room's drain. The float sensor 63 is installed within the liquid storage tank 11, and the liquid detection sensor 64 is mounted on the ground. During water inflow, if the liquid level sensor 22 malfunctions, it will be unable to monitor the current liquid level in real time. In this case, the float sensor 63 provides backup detection. When the water level reaches the upper float, there is a risk of overflow. At this point, the irrigation pump 51 is started, the inlet valve 23 is closed, the irrigation valve 52 is closed, and the drain valve 61 is opened to drain the water. If the inlet valve 23 malfunctions, the drainage rate will be slower than the inlet rate, and the water level in the tank will continue to rise. At this time, when the water level in the box reaches the overflow port, it can be drained simultaneously through the overflow pipe 66. That is, double protection of drainage and overflow is provided to prevent water overflow in the box. When the water level drops to the low float, the drain valve 61 is closed to stop drainage, and the system will issue an alarm. When irrigating, since the pressure of the irrigation pump 51 is relatively high, in order to prevent the irrigation pipe from rupturing, the manual pressure relief valve 62 can be adjusted to release part of the pipe pressure through the pressure relief pipe 65. After the equipment has been running for a long time, due to aging of the pipe or loose joints, the pipe may overflow. The liquid detection sensor 64 will detect in real time. When water is found on the ground, all the water in the equipment will be discharged through the drain valve 61, and the system will issue an alarm.

[0041] This embodiment also includes a movement system, which includes a pulley 71 with a pulley lock installed on it. When the device is stationary, the pulley 71 can be locked with the pulley lock to prevent the device from moving. When the device needs to be moved, the pulley lock is unlocked and the fertilizer dispenser is pushed to move the device.

[0042] In this embodiment, a control system is also included, which includes a control cabinet 81. The control cabinet 81 is provided with a controller, data acquisition equipment, storage equipment, power supply, communication equipment, controller, and peripheral interface. The control cabinet 81 can be connected to the cloud platform.

[0043] In this embodiment, the integrated water and fertilizer machine can be used in conjunction with a return water system. The return water system is mainly specific to deep and shallow liquid flow and tidal scenarios. The return water system is separate and not a component of the water and fertilizer machine. The two can be combined to achieve deep / shallow liquid flow or tidal irrigation methods, thus forming a closed-loop water cycle. The return water system includes a water receiving tank and a return water pump. The water receiving tank is arranged at the bottom of the interlayer pipe of the plant planting rack to be irrigated. The water receiving tank is connected to the return liquid port 91 on the storage tank 11 through the return water pump. The water and fertilizer machine pumps water and fertilizer into the planting rack. The planting rack is multi-layered with pipes between the layers. The water and fertilizer flow to the bottom through the pipes. A water receiving tank is installed at the bottom and then pumped back to the water and fertilizer machine (storage tank 11) through the pump. In this way, a closed loop of water is formed as a whole. After a round of fertilizer mixing, irrigation, and return water is completed, the nutrients in the fertilizer liquid are absorbed by the crops. At this time, the water and fertilizer machine equipment will automatically distribute fertilizer according to the fertilizer liquid information configured by the user. At the same time, water can also be reused.

[0044] How to use the above structure:

[0045] like Figure 8 、 Figure 9 As shown in the figure, the overall architecture of the fertigation system for drip and sprinkler irrigation modes consists of the cloud, central controller, fertigation system, and crops. A return system is added for tidal and deep / shallow flow modes. The cloud configures fertilizer distribution and irrigation strategies, as well as crop substrate and fertigation information. The central controller is a local control and cloud-connected device. It uses substrate sensors to monitor the crop's growth substrate in real time, tailored to the crop type and growth period. Based on this substrate growth information, the fertigation system sets the crop's nutrient solution parameters (crops have different nutrient solution requirements at different growth stages, and different crops have different nutrient solution requirements within the same growth period) and irrigation strategies (such as timed, fixed, rotational, and moisture-based irrigation). Even without the cloud, the fertigation system can be used independently. The fertigation system executes fertilizer mixing and irrigation. Using the cloud or central controller in conjunction with the fertigation system, precise and automatic fertilizer distribution and uniform, timed, and fixed-quantity irrigation can be achieved.

[0046] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Those skilled in the art will readily appreciate that the present invention is susceptible to various modifications and variations. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, or improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A high-precision intelligent water and fertilizer integrated machine, characterized by: It includes a water inlet system, a fertilizer inlet system, a fertilizer mixing system, a liquid storage system, and an irrigation system. The water inlet system and the fertilizer inlet system are both connected to the liquid storage system, the liquid storage system is connected to the fertilizer mixing system, and the fertilizer mixing system is connected to the irrigation system.

2. A high-precision intelligent water and fertilizer integrated machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The liquid storage system comprises a liquid storage tank, and a liquid storage tank cover is provided on the liquid storage tank.

3. The high-precision intelligent water and fertilizer integrated machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water inlet system includes a water inlet pipe and a liquid level sensor. The water inlet pipe is connected to the liquid storage tank to introduce external RO water into the liquid storage tank. A water inlet valve and a flow meter are installed on the water inlet pipe. The liquid level sensor is installed in the liquid storage tank.

4. The high-precision intelligent water and fertilizer integrated machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fertilizer feeding system includes a mother liquid barrel and a peristaltic pump. The peristaltic pump is connected to the mother liquid barrel and a liquid storage tank through a fertilizer feeding pipeline. A weighing sensor is installed under the mother liquid barrel.

5. The high-precision intelligent water and fertilizer integrated machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fertilizer mixing system includes a fertilizer mixing pump, a circulation tank, a pH and EC sensor, a filter, a circulation tank manual valve, and a static fertilizer mixing chamber. The fertilizer mixing pump is connected to a liquid storage tank and a static fertilizer mixing chamber through a fertilizer mixing pipe to form a fertilizer mixing circuit. A filter is installed at the inlet of the static fertilizer mixing chamber. Both ends of the circulation tank are connected to the fertilizer mixing pipe through hoses to form a drainage bypass. The circulation tank is installed with pH and EC sensors, and circulation tank manual valves are installed at the inlet and outlet of the circulation tank.

6. The high-precision intelligent integrated water and fertilizer machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The irrigation system includes an irrigation pump and an irrigation valve. The inlet end of the irrigation pump is connected to the irrigation port at the bottom of the liquid storage tank, and the outlet end is connected to the irrigation pipe. The irrigation valve is installed on the irrigation pipe.

7. The high-precision intelligent integrated water and fertilizer machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a protection system, which includes a drain valve, a manual pressure relief valve, a float sensor, and a liquid detection sensor. The irrigation pipe is connected to a pressure relief pipe, a drain pipe, and an overflow pipe. The pressure relief pipe and the drain pipe are respectively installed with a manual pressure relief valve and a drain valve. The float sensor is installed in the liquid storage tank; the liquid detection sensor is installed on the ground.

8. The high-precision intelligent integrated water and fertilizer machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The utility model further comprises a moving system, wherein the moving system comprises a pulley, and a pulley lock is installed on the pulley.

9. The high-precision intelligent integrated water and fertilizer machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a control system, which includes a control cabinet. The control cabinet is equipped with a controller, data acquisition equipment, storage equipment, power supply, communication equipment, controller, and peripheral interface. The control cabinet can be connected to the cloud platform.

10. The high-precision intelligent integrated water and fertilizer machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The integrated water and fertilizer machine can be used in conjunction with a return water system to form a closed-loop water circulation. The return water system includes a water receiving tank and a return water pump. The water receiving tank is arranged at the bottom of the interlayer pipe of the plant planting rack to be irrigated. The water receiving tank is connected to the return liquid port on the liquid storage tank through the return water pump.

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