Centralized ventilation structure of ammonia fuel powered ship

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By adopting a centralized ventilation structure and an automatic spraying system on ammonia-fueled ships, the problem of excessive toxic areas in the ventilation structure of ammonia-fueled ships is solved, and the reduction of safe areas and effective control of ammonia leakage is achieved, and the safety and operational efficiency of crew members are improved.

CN223224520UActive Publication Date: 2025-08-15SHANGHAI MERCHANT SHIP DESIGN & RES INST

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Patent Information

Application Number: CN202422841797.X
Authority / Receiving Office: CN · China
Patent Type: Utility models(China)
Current Assignee / Owner
Filing Date: 2024-11-21
Publication Date: 2025-08-15
Estimated Expiration: 2034-11-21

AI Technical Summary

Technical Problem

In the ventilation structure of existing ammonia fuel-powered ships, the dispersion of ventilation outlets of ammonia fuel-related facilities leads to an excessive range of toxic areas, poses safety hazards and lacks effective ammonia leakage treatment measures.

Method used

The centralized ventilation structure is adopted to concentrate the ventilation outlet of the ammonia accumulation area in the centralized ventilation area on the side, and an exhaust outlet is set to exhaust the air toward the outboard of the ship. It is also equipped with an automatic spraying system to dissolve ammonia gas by spraying water and collecting it in the ammonia water collection chamber to reduce the range of toxic areas and diffusion of ammonia.

Benefits of technology

It significantly narrows the scope of toxic areas, reduces the layout restrictions of safe areas, reduces the use of personnel protection equipment, and improves crew safety and operational risk management.

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Abstract

The utility model discloses a centralized ventilation structure of an ammonia fuel power ship, which comprises a plurality of ammonia gas accumulation areas, and each ammonia gas accumulation area is provided with an ammonia gas ventilation outlet and a ventilation system for discharging accumulated ammonia gas to the ammonia gas ventilation outlet; a centralized ventilation area is arranged on a ship deck on the broadside, and the centralized ventilation area is defined by a plurality of enclosure bulkheads. Ammonia gas ventilation outlets of all the ammonia gas accumulation areas are formed in the centralized ventilation area; the concentrated ventilation area is provided with an air outlet for exhausting air to the outside of a ship board; and a channel for exhausting air outwards in the centralized ventilation area is only an air outlet for exhausting air towards the outside of a ship board. According to the utility model, the range of an ammonia fuel toxic area is reduced, so that sailors can live and work more safely in a deck area, and the operation risk of an ammonia fuel ship is further reduced.

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Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of ships, in particular to a centralized ventilation structure of an ammonia fuel-powered ship. Background Art

[0002] For ammonia fuel-powered ships, in order to prevent the accumulation of ammonia in rooms with ammonia fuel-related facilities (such as ammonia fuel preparation rooms, ammonia fuel tank takeover areas, closed ammonia fuel filling stations, etc.), it is necessary to set up corresponding mechanical exhaust systems in accordance with the specifications to discharge gases that may be mixed with ammonia components out of the room to ensure the safety of the environment in the room. At the same time, since ammonia is a toxic gas, according to existing research, once the concentration of ammonia is greater than 30ppm, it will cause harm to the human body. Therefore, at present, all classification societies will require the establishment of an ammonia toxic area range. The 10-meter range of the ventilation outlet of the room with ammonia fuel-related facilities is regarded as the ammonia toxic area. Personnel entering the toxic area should wear personal protective equipment, such as protective masks, protective clothing, etc. At the same time, the entrances of various safety areas (such as room entrances in the living area, air conditioning fresh air inlet, etc.) must not be located within the toxic area.

[0003] Generally speaking, in order to shorten the length of ventilation ducts as much as possible, the ventilation duct outlets of each room will be arranged according to the location conditions of the room, and thus will be dispersed in various locations of the ship. When the ship is divided into toxic areas, a large area of the entire ship will belong to the toxic area.

[0004] The ventilation structure of ammonia fuel powered ships in the prior art is as follows: Figure 1 As shown in the figure, each ammonia fuel-related compartment will be equipped with an exhaust system. In order to shorten the ventilation pipes, the ventilation outlets are dispersedly arranged at different locations on the ship. Figure 1 As shown, the ammonia fuel preparation room 61 is provided with a ventilation outlet 51, and the ventilation outlet 51 is provided on the bulkhead of the ammonia fuel preparation room 61; the ammonia fuel take-over area 62 is provided with a ventilation outlet 52, and the ventilation outlet 52 is provided on the bulkhead of the ammonia fuel take-over area 62; the ammonia fuel filling station 63 on the left is provided with a ventilation outlet 53, and the ventilation outlet 53 is provided on the bulkhead of the ammonia fuel filling station 63 on the left; the ammonia fuel filling station 64 on the right is provided with a ventilation outlet 54, and the ventilation outlet 54 is provided on the bulkhead of the ammonia fuel filling station 64 on the right. Since the ventilation outlets of the ammonia fuel preparation room, the ammonia fuel take-over area, the ammonia fuel filling station on the left, and the ammonia fuel filling station on the right are all dispersed in different positions of the ship, when demarcating the scope of the toxic area, according to the requirements of the specification, the radius R of the ventilation outlet is 10 meters and will be designated as the toxic area, that is, Figure 1 The toxic area is defined as the area within 50 meters of the double-dotted line consisting of four arcs. Figure 1 It can be seen that the toxic area covers almost the entire deck surface outside the room.

[0005] The design scheme of the prior art has the following disadvantages:

[0006] 1. The ventilation outlets of each room are arranged in a scattered manner, resulting in a large toxic area and posing a major safety hazard.

[0007] 2. There is a lack of treatment measures when ammonia leaks, and the spread of ammonia cannot be effectively controlled. Utility Model Content

[0008] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the above-mentioned defects in the prior art and provide a centralized ventilation structure for an ammonia fuel-powered ship.

[0009] The utility model solves the above technical problems through the following technical solutions:

[0010] A centralized ventilation structure for an ammonia fuel-powered ship comprises a plurality of ammonia accumulation areas, each of which is provided with an ammonia ventilation outlet and a ventilation system for discharging the accumulated ammonia to the ammonia ventilation outlet; a centralized ventilation area is provided on the ship's deck on the side, the centralized ventilation area being formed by a plurality of surrounding walls; the ammonia ventilation outlets of each ammonia accumulation area are all arranged within the centralized ventilation area; the centralized ventilation area is provided with an exhaust outlet for discharging air outward from the ship's side; and the only channel for exhausting air outward from the centralized ventilation area is the exhaust outlet for discharging air outward from the ship's side.

[0011] Furthermore, the surrounding walls of the centralized ventilation area, and the surrounding walls of the centralized ventilation area and the ship deck are all sealed.

[0012] Furthermore, the ammonia accumulation area includes an ammonia fuel filling station, and the centralized ventilation area is arranged around the ammonia fuel filling station.

[0013] Furthermore, the bulkhead where the ammonia ventilation outlet of the ammonia fuel filling station is located serves as the enclosing wall of the centralized ventilation area.

[0014] Furthermore, the centralized ventilation area is arranged on the port side or the starboard side.

[0015] Furthermore, the ammonia accumulation area also includes an ammonia fuel preparation room, an ammonia fuel tank takeover area, an ammonia fuel double-wall pipe, and an ammonia fuel pipe alley.

[0016] Furthermore, each ammonia accumulation area is connected to the ammonia ventilation outlet of the ammonia accumulation area through a ventilation pipe.

[0017] Furthermore, the centralized ventilation structure of the ammonia-fueled ship also includes an automatic spraying system, which includes a nozzle, a water inlet pipe and a gas detection probe for monitoring the ammonia concentration in the centralized ventilation area; the gas detection probe and the nozzle are both arranged in the centralized ventilation area, and the water inlet pipe is provided with an automatic control valve that can receive the control signal sent by the gas detection probe, and the gas detection probe is connected to the automatic control valve.

[0018] Furthermore, a spray pump and a manual valve are provided on the water inlet pipe.

[0019] Furthermore, a drainage hole is provided at the bottom of the centralized ventilation area, and an ammonia collection chamber is provided below the drainage hole.

[0020] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the present invention adopts a centralized ventilation layout. By setting up a centralized ventilation area, the ammonia ventilation outlets of the ammonia fuel compartments originally dispersed in different positions of the ship can be concentrated together, which can greatly reduce the area of the toxic area formed by the ventilation outlets, reduce the scope of the toxic area of ammonia fuel, reduce the layout restrictions of the ventilation system in other safe areas, reduce the use of personnel protective clothing and protective masks, make the crew's life and work in the deck area safer, and thus reduce the operational risks of ammonia fuel ships. The present invention sets an automatic spraying system in the centralized ventilation area. When the ammonia concentration in the centralized ventilation area is too high, the ammonia is dissolved in water by spraying water and stored in the ammonia water collection tank, which can effectively prevent the leakage of ammonia. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the ventilation structure of an ammonia fuel-powered ship in the prior art.

[0022] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a centralized ventilation structure according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of an automatic sprinkler system according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] A preferred embodiment is given below, and the present invention is described more clearly and completely in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0025] like Figure 2 and Figure 3 A centralized ventilation structure for an ammonia-fueled vessel is shown, comprising multiple ammonia accumulation areas, each of which is provided with an ammonia ventilation outlet and a ventilation system for discharging the accumulated ammonia to the ammonia ventilation outlet. The ventilation system of each ammonia accumulation area is connected to the ammonia ventilation outlet of the ammonia accumulation area.

[0026] In this embodiment, the ammonia accumulation area includes an ammonia fuel filling station, and the ammonia fuel filling station includes a left ammonia fuel filling station 20 and a right ammonia fuel filling station 21 .

[0027] The ammonia accumulation area also includes an ammonia fuel preparation room 22, an ammonia fuel tank takeover area 23, an ammonia fuel double-wall pipe (not shown in the figure), and an ammonia fuel pipe alley (not shown in the figure).

[0028] The left ammonia fuel filling station 20 is provided with an ammonia ventilation outlet 30 and a ventilation system 70 . The ventilation system 70 discharges ammonia accumulated in the left ammonia fuel filling station 20 to the ammonia ventilation outlet 30 .

[0029] The right ammonia fuel filling station 21 is provided with an ammonia ventilation outlet 31 and a ventilation system 71 . The ventilation system 71 discharges ammonia accumulated in the right ammonia fuel filling station 21 to the ammonia ventilation outlet 31 .

[0030] The ammonia fuel preparation room 22 is provided with an ammonia ventilation outlet 32 and a ventilation system 72 . The ventilation system 72 discharges ammonia accumulated in the ammonia fuel preparation room 22 to the ammonia ventilation outlet 32 .

[0031] The ammonia fuel tank connecting pipe area 23 is provided with an ammonia ventilation outlet 33 and a ventilation system 73 . The ventilation system 73 discharges ammonia accumulated in the ammonia fuel tank connecting pipe area 23 to the ammonia ventilation outlet 33 .

[0032] The ammonia fuel double-wall pipe is provided with an ammonia ventilation outlet 34, and the ammonia fuel pipe lane is provided with an ammonia ventilation outlet 35; the ammonia fuel double-wall pipe and the ammonia fuel pipe lane are both provided with a ventilation system (not shown in the figure); the ventilation system of the ammonia fuel double-wall pipe discharges the ammonia accumulated in the ammonia fuel double-wall pipe to the ammonia ventilation outlet 34; the ventilation system of the ammonia fuel pipe lane discharges the ammonia accumulated in the ammonia fuel pipe lane to the ammonia ventilation outlet 35.

[0033] A centralized ventilation area 10 is provided on the ship deck 11 on the side. The centralized ventilation area is located on the port side or the starboard side.

[0034] In this embodiment, the centralized ventilation area 10 is provided on the starboard side, and the centralized ventilation area 10 is provided between the right ammonia fuel filling station 21 and the side.

[0035] The centralized ventilation area is enclosed by a plurality of walls, and the walls of the centralized ventilation area and the walls of the centralized ventilation area and the ship deck are all sealed.

[0036] In this embodiment, the bulkhead where the ammonia ventilation outlet 31 of the right ammonia fuel filling station 21 is located serves as the surrounding wall of the centralized ventilation area.

[0037] The ammonia ventilation outlets of each ammonia accumulation area are all located in the centralized ventilation area 10. In this embodiment, the ammonia ventilation outlet 30 of the left ammonia fuel filling station, the ammonia ventilation outlet 31 of the right ammonia fuel filling station, the ammonia ventilation outlet 32 of the ammonia fuel preparation room, the ammonia ventilation outlet 33 of the ammonia fuel tank takeover area, the ammonia ventilation outlet 34 of the ammonia fuel double-wall pipe, and the ammonia ventilation outlet 35 of the ammonia fuel pipe alley are all located in the centralized ventilation area 10.

[0038] The centralized ventilation area 10 is provided with an exhaust port 12 for exhausting air outward from the ship's side; the exhaust passage of the centralized ventilation area to the outside is only the exhaust port for exhausting air outward from the ship's side.

[0039] The centralized ventilation area gathers ammonia ventilation outlets from all ammonia accumulation areas on ammonia fuel-powered ships. A semi-enclosed structure is adopted for the centralized ventilation area. The exhaust channel of the centralized ventilation area is only the exhaust outlet that exhausts air outwards to the side of the ship, thus limiting the scope of the toxic area. Under this structure, the scope of the toxic area is only within a radius of 10 meters with the exhaust outlet as the center, that is, Figure 2 The rest of the deck area within the range of the middle double-dotted line 13 is a safe area.

[0040] In this embodiment, the centralized ventilation area is located between the right ammonia fuel filling station and the side. This is for illustrative purposes only and is not intended to limit the location of the centralized ventilation area. The centralized ventilation area may also be located between the left ammonia fuel filling station and the side, or at other locations.

[0041] The centralized ventilation structure of the ammonia fuel-powered ship further includes an automatic spraying system 40 .

[0042] like Figure 3 As shown, the automatic sprinkler system 40 includes a sprinkler head 41, a water inlet pipe 42 and a gas detection probe 43 for monitoring the ammonia concentration in the centralized ventilation area.

[0043] The gas detection probe 43 and the nozzle 41 are both arranged in the centralized ventilation area 10. There are multiple nozzles, and the spraying range of the multiple nozzles covers the centralized ventilation area.

[0044] An automatic control valve 44 capable of receiving a control signal from a gas detection probe is provided on the water inlet pipe 42 , and the gas detection probe 43 is connected to the automatic control valve 44 .

[0045] The water inlet pipe 42 is also provided with a spray pump 45 and a manual valve 46 .

[0046] The bottom of the centralized ventilation area is provided with a drainage hole (not shown in the figure) for draining the spray water. An ammonia water collection chamber (not shown in the figure) is provided below the drainage hole.

[0047] The nozzles of the automatic sprinkler system cover the centralized ventilation area. The automatic sprinkler system can monitor the ammonia fuel gas concentration in the centralized ventilation area at all times through the gas detection probes arranged in the centralized ventilation area. Once the gas concentration reaches the set dangerous value (such as 150ppm), the gas detection probe sends a control signal to the automatic control valve, the automatic control valve opens, and the sprinkler sprays water outward; since ammonia is highly soluble in water, the spray water will absorb the ammonia emitted from the entire area and be discharged to the collection cabin below through the drainage hole at the bottom of the centralized ventilation area for collection.

[0048] The utility model adopts a centralized ventilation layout. By setting up a centralized ventilation area, the ammonia ventilation outlets of the ammonia fuel compartments that were originally dispersed in different positions of the ship can be concentrated together, which can greatly reduce the area of the toxic area formed by the ventilation outlets, reduce the scope of the toxic area of ammonia fuel, reduce the layout restrictions of the ventilation system in other safe areas, and reduce the use of personnel protective clothing and protective masks, making it safer for crew members to live and work in the deck area, thereby reducing the operational risks of ammonia fuel ships.

[0049] The utility model arranges an automatic spraying system in the centralized ventilation area. When the ammonia concentration in the centralized ventilation area is too high, the ammonia is dissolved in water by spraying water and stored in the ammonia collection cabin, which can effectively prevent the leakage of ammonia.

[0050] Although specific embodiments of the present invention have been described above, those skilled in the art will appreciate that these are merely illustrative and that the scope of protection of the present invention is defined by the appended claims. Those skilled in the art may make various changes or modifications to these embodiments without departing from the principles and essence of the present invention, and such changes and modifications are intended to fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A centralized ventilation structure for an ammonia fuel-powered ship, comprising a plurality of ammonia accumulation areas, each of which is provided with an ammonia ventilation outlet and a ventilation system for discharging the accumulated ammonia to the ammonia ventilation outlet; characterized in that: A centralized ventilation area is provided on the ship's deck on the side, and the centralized ventilation area is formed by multiple walls; the ammonia ventilation outlets in each ammonia accumulation area are all located in the centralized ventilation area; the centralized ventilation area is provided with exhaust vents for exhausting air outward from the ship's side; the channel for exhausting air outward from the centralized ventilation area is only the exhaust vents for exhausting air outward from the ship's side.

2. The centralized ventilation structure for an ammonia fuel-powered ship according to claim 1, characterized in that: The surrounding walls of the centralized ventilation area, and the surrounding walls of the centralized ventilation area and the ship deck are all sealed connections.

3. The centralized ventilation structure for an ammonia fuel-powered ship according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ammonia accumulation area includes the ammonia fuel filling station, and the centralized ventilation area is set up around the ammonia fuel filling station.

4. The centralized ventilation structure for an ammonia fuel-powered ship according to claim 3, characterized in that: The bulkhead where the ammonia ventilation outlet of the ammonia fuel filling station is located serves as the enclosure wall of the centralized ventilation area.

5. The centralized ventilation structure for an ammonia fuel-powered ship according to claim 1, characterized in that: The centralized ventilation area is located on the port or starboard side.

6. The centralized ventilation structure for an ammonia fuel-powered ship according to claim 1, characterized in that: Ammonia accumulation areas also include the ammonia fuel preparation room, the ammonia fuel tank takeover area, the ammonia fuel double-wall pipe, and the ammonia fuel pipe alley.

7. The centralized ventilation structure for an ammonia fuel-powered ship according to claim 1, characterized in that: Each ammonia accumulation area is connected to the ammonia ventilation outlet of the ammonia accumulation area through a ventilation pipe.

8. The centralized ventilation structure for an ammonia fuel-powered ship according to claim 1, characterized in that: The centralized ventilation structure of the ammonia fuel-powered ship also includes an automatic spraying system, which includes a nozzle, a water inlet pipe and a gas detection probe for monitoring the ammonia concentration in the centralized ventilation area; the gas detection probe and the nozzle are both arranged in the centralized ventilation area, and the water inlet pipe is provided with an automatic control valve that can receive the control signal sent by the gas detection probe, and the gas detection probe is connected to the automatic control valve.

9. The centralized ventilation structure for an ammonia fuel-powered ship according to claim 8, characterized in that: The water inlet pipe is also equipped with a spray pump and a manual valve.

10. The centralized ventilation structure for an ammonia fuel-powered ship according to claim 8, characterized in that: A drainage hole is provided at the bottom of the centralized ventilation area, and an ammonia collection chamber is provided below the drainage hole.