Tailing pond initial dam

Abstract

The utility model provides an initial dam of a tailing pond, which belongs to the technical field of tailing ponds, and comprises an upstream drainage and seepage ditch, an upstream drainage and seepage body, a drainage and seepage blind ditch under the dam, a rolling earth and rock initial dam main body and a drainage and seepage pipe downstream outlet valve, and the upstream drainage and seepage ditch is arranged at the upstream dam foot of the rolling earth and rock initial dam main body; broken stones are arranged in the upstream drainage ditch; the upstream drainage body is arranged on an upstream dam slope of the rolling soil and rock initial stage dam main body; the under-dam seepage drainage blind ditch is arranged at the bottom of the dam body of the rolling soil and stone initial stage dam body, the upstream of the under-dam seepage drainage blind ditch is connected with the upstream seepage drainage body, and the downstream outlet of the under-dam seepage drainage blind ditch is provided with a seepage drainage pipe downstream outlet valve. Only the holes are formed in the upper portions of the seepage drainage pipes in the under-dam seepage drainage blind ditches, seepage water can be collected, the collected seepage water can be drained to the downstream position, seepage drainage of the dam body is facilitated, the upstream seepage drainage body is beneficial for rapidly lowering a seepage line at the junction of a fill dam and an initial dam, and the seepage water is collected into the upstream seepage drainage ditches.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of tailings ponds, and in particular relates to an initial dam of a tailings pond. Background Art

[0002] A primary dam is constructed of earth and rock, serving as a drainage or support structure for tailings impoundments. In practice, most tailings ponds utilize rolled earth and rock dams due to factors such as topographical conditions, material availability, and construction investment. However, traditional earth and rock dams have poor permeability, increasing the risk of excessively high saturation levels within the impoundment.

[0003] A search revealed an existing patent (publication number: CN110656629A) that discloses an initial dam for an upstream tailings pond. The initial dam comprises: a main dam body, with the inside and outside of the pond facing each other; an impermeable pile located within the pond and below the main dam body; a drainage layer laid within the pond; a water collection pipe buried within the drainage layer and laid parallel to the axis of the main dam body; and a diversion pipe that extends through the bottom of the main dam body and the impermeable pile, with one end extending into the pond and connected to the water collection pipe, and the other end extending outside the pond to connect the inside and outside. The initial dam according to the present invention, by providing an impermeable pile, drainage layer, filter pipe, and diversion pipe, can divert water during the tailings pond construction phase, prevent tailings from turbidity during initial operation, and provide a long-term, effective reservoir bottom drainage system during and after operation.

[0004] Permeable earth-rockfill dams, which have become popular in recent years, generally have rock drainage layers installed upstream and at the bottom of the dam body. However, some tailings pond construction sites have difficulty finding sufficient rock drainage layers to meet the requirements, and the amount of rock required in some cases is enormous, resulting in high project investment. To meet the drainage and economic requirements of the initial dam, this utility model innovates an improved initial dam form for tailings ponds. Utility Model Content

[0005] To overcome the problems of weak permeability, high permeability of the accumulation dam, and high overall cost of using rock blocks as drainage layers in existing tailings dams, the present invention provides an initial dam for a tailings pond. The present invention incorporates an upstream drainage body on the upstream slope of the main body of the compacted earth and rock initial dam. The upstream drainage body facilitates rapid reduction of the permeability line at the junction of the accumulation dam and the initial dam, and allows seepage water to be collected into the upstream drainage ditch. In the present invention, the drainage pipe of the blind drainage ditch below the dam has only an opening at the upper portion, which can both collect seepage water and discharge it downstream, thus performing both seepage and drainage functions.

[0006] The technical solution adopted by this utility model is:

[0007] A tailings pond initial dam comprises an upstream drainage ditch, an upstream drainage body, a drainage blind ditch below the dam, a compacted earth and rock initial dam main body and a downstream outlet valve of a drainage pipe, wherein the upstream drainage ditch is arranged at the upstream dam foot of the compacted earth and rock initial dam main body, and crushed stone is arranged in the upstream drainage ditch; the upstream drainage body is arranged on the upstream dam slope of the compacted earth and rock initial dam main body; the drainage blind ditch below the dam is arranged at the bottom of the dam body of the compacted earth and rock initial dam main body, the upstream of the drainage blind ditch below the dam is connected to the upstream drainage body, and the downstream outlet is provided with a downstream outlet valve of the drainage pipe.

[0008] The upstream drainage ditch is provided with crushed stones with a particle size of 50mm to 400mm.

[0009] The upstream drainage body comprises drainage blocks and a drainage reverse filter layer, and the drainage blocks are arranged on the upstream side of the drainage reverse filter layer.

[0010] The height of the upstream drainage body is not less than 2.0m, and the thickness of the drainage block is not less than 800mm.

[0011] The drainage and reverse filter layer comprises two layers of coarse sand and a layer of geotextile. The geotextile is arranged between the two layers of coarse sand. The thickness of each layer of coarse sand is not less than 300 mm.

[0012] The number of the blind drainage ditches under the dam is not less than 3.

[0013] The blind ditch under the dam includes blind ditch geotextile, blind ditch coarse sand, blind ditch gravel and drainage pipes. There are one or more drainage pipes, each of which is arranged with blind ditch gravel. The blind ditch gravel is surrounded by blind ditch coarse sand, and the blind ditch coarse sand is wrapped with blind ditch geotextile.

[0014] The abutment of the main body of the compacted earth and rock initial dam is provided with a flood intercepting ditch.

[0015] A downstream stone slope protection is provided on the downstream dam slope of the main body of the rolled earth and rock initial dam.

[0016] The downstream stone slope protection includes dry stone slope protection and slope protection filter layer, the thickness of the dry stone slope protection is not less than 500mm; the slope protection filter layer includes two layers of coarse sand, and a layer of geotextile is sandwiched between the two layers of coarse sand.

[0017] Beneficial effects of the utility model:

[0018] In the utility model, a downstream outlet valve of the seepage pipe is provided to facilitate the collection of polluted seepage water in the dam body for recycling and utilization, and is also beneficial for observing the seepage condition of the dam body.

[0019] In the utility model, an upstream drainage ditch is provided at the upstream dam foot of the dam body in the initial stage of rolling soil and rock, and the upstream drainage ditch is completely filled with crushed stones, so as to centrally accumulate dam seepage water.

[0020] The utility model provides an upstream drainage body on the upstream dam slope of the compacted earth and rock initial dam body, which is beneficial to quickly lowering the infiltration line at the junction of the accumulation dam and the initial dam, and allows the seepage water to be collected into the upstream drainage ditch.

[0021] This utility model features a blind drainage ditch at the bottom of the main body of the compacted earth and rock dam. The ditch is arranged along the ditch bottom, connected upstream to the upstream drainage body, and has a downstream outlet valve for the drainage pipe. This utility model includes no fewer than three blind drainage ditches, which drain seepage from the upstream drainage ditch and the upstream drainage body downstream of the initial dam. The drainage pipes of the blind drainage ditch have openings only at the top, allowing them to collect seepage water and discharge it downstream, thus performing both drainage and drainage functions.

[0022] The utility model provides a downstream stone slope protection on the downstream dam slope of the dam main body in the initial stage of rolling soil and rock, which can reduce rainwater scouring and washing.

[0023] The utility model provides a flood interception ditch on the dam shoulder of the main body of the compacted earth and rock dam, which can guide the flood on the bank slope of the compacted earth and rock dam to the downstream of the compacted earth and rock dam through the flood interception ditch, preventing the flood from directly rushing into the dam shoulder, which is beneficial to the stability of the dam shoulder of the compacted earth and rock dam. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] The present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0025] Figure 1 Initial longitudinal section of the dam.

[0026] Figure 2 Cross-section of the initial dam.

[0027] Figure 3 Initial dam plan layout.

[0028] Figure 4 Detailed drawing of the blind drainage ditch below the dam.

[0029] In the figure, the accompanying drawings are marked as follows:

[0030] 1. Upstream drainage ditch; 2. Upstream drainage body; 3. Blind drainage ditch below the dam; 4. Initial dam body of compacted earth and rock; 5. Downstream stone slope protection; 6. Downstream outlet valve of drainage pipe; 7. Flood intercepting ditch. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the embodiments described are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0032] The accompanying drawings illustrate various schematic diagrams of structures according to embodiments disclosed herein. These figures are not drawn to scale; for clarity, some details are exaggerated and some details may be omitted. The shapes, relative sizes, and positional relationships of the various regions and layers shown in the figures are merely exemplary and may deviate in practice due to manufacturing tolerances or technical limitations. Those skilled in the art may design regions / layers with different shapes, sizes, and relative positions as needed.

[0033] Example 1:

[0034] In order to overcome the problems of weak permeability, high infiltration line in the accumulation dam and high cost of block stone as drainage layer, the utility model provides Figures 1-4 The utility model shows a tailings dam with an upstream drainage body installed on the upstream slope of the main body of the compacted earth and rock dam. This upstream drainage body helps to quickly lower the infiltration line at the junction of the accumulation dam and the initial dam, and collects seepage water into the upstream drainage ditch. In this utility model, the drainage pipe of the blind drainage ditch below the dam has only an opening at the upper part, which can collect seepage water and discharge it downstream, thus performing both seepage and drainage functions.

[0035] A tailings pond initial dam comprises an upstream drainage ditch 1, an upstream drainage body 2, a drainage blind ditch 3 below the dam, a compacted earth and rock initial dam main body 4 and a drainage pipe downstream outlet valve 6. The upstream drainage ditch 1 is arranged at the upstream dam foot of the compacted earth and rock initial dam main body 4, and gravel is arranged in the upstream drainage ditch 1; the upstream drainage body 2 is arranged on the upstream dam slope of the compacted earth and rock initial dam main body 4; the drainage blind ditch 3 below the dam is arranged at the bottom of the dam body of the compacted earth and rock initial dam main body 4, the upstream of the drainage blind ditch 3 below the dam is connected to the upstream drainage body 2, and the downstream outlet is provided with a drainage pipe downstream outlet valve 6.

[0036] In the present invention, the downstream outlet valve 6 of the seepage pipe is provided to facilitate the collection of polluted seepage water in the dam body for recycling and utilization, and is also beneficial for observing the seepage condition of the dam body.

[0037] like Figure 1 As shown, in the present invention, an upstream drainage ditch 1 is provided at the upstream dam foot of the dam body 4 in the initial stage of rolling soil and rock, and the upstream drainage ditch 1 is completely filled with crushed stones to facilitate the centralized accumulation of dam seepage.

[0038] The utility model provides an upstream drainage body 2 on the upstream dam slope of the compacted earth and rock initial dam body 4, which is beneficial to quickly lower the infiltration line at the junction of the accumulation dam and the initial dam, and collects the seepage water into the upstream drainage ditch 1.

[0039] The utility model sets a dam drainage blind ditch 3 at the bottom of the dam body 4 in the initial stage of rolling soil and rock. The dam drainage blind ditch 3 is arranged along the ditch bottom, and the upstream is connected to the upstream drainage body 2. The downstream outlet is provided with a drainage pipe downstream outlet valve 6.

[0040] In the present invention, the number of blind drainage ditches 3 below the dam is determined by the ditch width. In the present invention, there are no less than three blind drainage ditches 3 below the dam. The blind drainage ditches 3 below the dam drain the seepage water in the upstream drainage ditch 1 and the upstream drainage body 2 to the downstream of the initial dam.

[0041] The utility model improves economic benefits and saves funds.

[0042] Example 2:

[0043] Based on Example 1, in this embodiment, preferably, gravel with a particle size of 50 mm to 400 mm is provided in the upstream drainage ditch 1.

[0044] In the utility model, an upstream drainage ditch 1 is provided at the upstream dam foot of the dam body 4 at the initial stage of compacting soil and rock. The upstream drainage ditch 1 is completely filled with crushed stones with a particle size of 50mm-400mm, so as to centrally accumulate dam seepage water.

[0045] Preferably, the upstream drainage body 2 includes drainage blocks and a drainage reverse filter layer, and the drainage blocks are arranged on the upstream side of the drainage reverse filter layer.

[0046] Preferably, the height of the upstream drainage body 2 is not less than 2.0 m, and the thickness of the drainage block is not less than 800 mm.

[0047] Preferably, the drainage and reverse filter layer includes two layers of coarse sand and a layer of geotextile, the geotextile is arranged between the two layers of coarse sand, and the thickness of each layer of coarse sand is not less than 300 mm.

[0048] The utility model sets an upstream drainage body 2 on the upstream dam slope of the main body 4 of the initial dam of the compacted earth and rock. The upstream drainage body 2 is conducive to quickly lowering the infiltration line at the junction of the accumulation dam and the initial dam, and allows the seepage water to be collected into the upstream drainage ditch 1. The upstream drainage body 2 includes drainage blocks and drainage filter layers, forming a drainage structure attached to the upstream surface of the main body 4 of the initial dam of the compacted earth and rock. The thickness of the drainage blocks in the utility model is not less than 800mm, and the height of the upstream drainage body 2 is determined by calculating the infiltration line height and is not less than 2.0m; the drainage filter layer includes two layers of coarse sand with a layer of geotextile in the middle. The thickness of each layer of coarse sand is not less than 300mm, and the geotextile is 400g / m 2 , to prevent sand leakage and mixing.

[0049] Preferably, the number of the blind drainage ditches 3 below the dam is not less than 3.

[0050] Preferably, the blind ditch 3 under the dam includes blind ditch geotextile, blind ditch coarse sand, blind ditch gravel and drainage pipes. There are one or more drainage pipes, each of which is arranged with blind ditch gravel. The blind ditch gravel is surrounded by blind ditch coarse sand, and the blind ditch coarse sand is wrapped with blind ditch geotextile.

[0051] like Figure 3 As shown, the utility model sets a dam drainage blind ditch 3 at the bottom of the dam body 4 in the initial stage of rolling soil and rock. The dam drainage blind ditch 3 is arranged along the ditch bottom, and the upstream is connected to the upstream drainage body 2, and the downstream outlet is provided with a drainage pipe downstream outlet valve 6.

[0052] In the present invention, the number of blind drainage ditches 3 below the dam is determined by the ditch width. In the present invention, there are no less than three blind drainage ditches 3 below the dam. The blind drainage ditches 3 below the dam drain the seepage water in the upstream drainage ditch 1 and the upstream drainage body 2 to the downstream of the initial dam.

[0053] like Figure 4 As shown, in the utility model, the blind ditch 3 for drainage under the dam includes a blind ditch geotextile, blind ditch coarse sand, blind ditch gravel and a drainage pipe. The specific structure is that the blind ditch gravel is arranged on the upper part of the drainage pipe, the blind ditch gravel is surrounded by blind ditch coarse sand, and the blind ditch coarse sand is wrapped with a blind ditch geotextile. Among them, the drainage pipe has only an opening on the upper part. Only the upper opening can collect seepage water and discharge the collected seepage water to the downstream, thereby performing the functions of drainage and drainage.

[0054] Preferably, a flood intercepting ditch 7 is provided on the abutment of the main body 4 of the compacted earth and rock initial dam.

[0055] like Figure 2 As shown, the present invention provides a flood interception ditch 7 at the abutment of the main body 4 of the initial dam. This diverts floodwater from the slope of the initial dam to the downstream side of the dam, preventing it from directly impacting the abutment and stabilizing the abutment. The blind drainage ditch 3 below the dam is below the original ground level.

[0056] Preferably, a downstream stone slope protection 5 is provided on the downstream dam slope of the compacted earth and rock initial dam body 4.

[0057] Preferably, the downstream stone slope protection 5 includes a dry stone slope protection and a slope protection filter layer, and the thickness of the dry stone slope protection is not less than 500 mm; the slope protection filter layer includes two layers of coarse sand, and a layer of geotextile is sandwiched between the two layers of coarse sand.

[0058] The utility model provides a downstream stone slope protection 5 on the downstream slope of the dam body 4 during the initial stage of compaction, which can reduce rainwater scouring and washing. The downstream stone slope protection of the utility model is composed of dry stone slope protection and a filter layer. The dry stone slope protection is not less than 500mm thick; the filter layer consists of two layers of coarse sand with a layer of geotextile in between. The coarse sand is not less than 300mm thick, and the geotextile is 400g / m 2 .

[0059] During the specific construction of the utility model, after the initial dam foundation is cleared, the drainage blind ditch 3 below the dam and the compacted earth and rock dam foundation around the blind ditch are constructed, the downstream outlet valve 6 of the drainage pipe is set and installed, and then the main body 4 of the compacted earth and rock dam is constructed. The downstream stone slope protection 5 is arranged on the downstream surface of the main body 4 of the compacted earth and rock dam, and the flood interception ditch 7 is arranged at the junction of the main body 4 of the compacted earth and rock dam and the bank slope. The upstream drainage ditch 1 is excavated at the upstream foot of the main body 4 of the compacted earth and rock dam, and the upstream drainage body 2 is constructed to complete the construction of the initial dam of the tailings pond.

[0060] The various geotextiles in this utility model are all made of 400g / m 2 Geotextile.

[0061] In the description of this utility model, it should be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, they can refer to fixed connections, detachable connections, or integral connections; mechanical connections, electrical connections; direct connections, indirect connections through an intermediate medium, and internal communication between two components. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of the above terms in this utility model based on the specific circumstances.

[0062] It should also be understood that the terms used in this specification are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the present invention. As used in this specification and the appended claims, the singular forms "a", "an" and "the" are intended to include plural forms unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.

[0063] The above examples are merely illustrative of the present invention and do not limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Any design that is identical or similar to the present invention falls within the scope of protection of the present invention. The device structures and method steps not described in detail in the present invention are prior art and will not be further described in the present invention.

Claims

1. An initial tailings dam, characterized by: The invention comprises an upstream drainage ditch (1), an upstream drainage body (2), a drainage blind ditch (3) below the dam, a compacted earth and rock initial dam body (4), and a drainage pipe downstream outlet valve (6), wherein the upstream drainage ditch (1) is arranged at the upstream dam foot of the compacted earth and rock initial dam body (4), and crushed stones are arranged in the upstream drainage ditch (1); the upstream drainage body (2) is arranged on the upstream dam slope of the compacted earth and rock initial dam body (4); the drainage blind ditch (3) below the dam is arranged at the bottom of the dam body of the compacted earth and rock initial dam body (4), the upstream of the drainage blind ditch (3) below the dam is connected to the upstream drainage body (2), and the downstream outlet is provided with a drainage pipe downstream outlet valve (6).

2. The tailings dam according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upstream drainage ditch (1) is provided with crushed stones with a particle size of 50 mm to 400 mm.

3. The tailings dam according to claim 2, characterized in that: The upstream drainage body (2) comprises drainage blocks and a drainage reverse filter layer, and the drainage blocks are arranged on the upstream side of the drainage reverse filter layer.

4. The tailings dam according to claim 3, characterized in that: The height of the upstream drainage body (2) is not less than 2.0m, and the thickness of the drainage block is not less than 800mm.

5. The tailings dam according to claim 3, characterized in that: The drainage and reverse filter layer comprises two layers of coarse sand and a layer of geotextile. The geotextile is arranged between the two layers of coarse sand. The thickness of each layer of coarse sand is not less than 300 mm.

6. The tailings pond initial dam according to claim 1, characterized in that: The number of the blind drainage ditches (3) below the dam is not less than 3.

7. The tailings pond initial dam according to claim 5, characterized in that: The blind ditch (3) for drainage under the dam comprises a blind ditch geotextile, blind ditch coarse sand, blind ditch gravel and a drainage pipe. There are one or more drainage pipes, and blind ditch gravel is arranged on each drainage pipe. Blind ditch coarse sand is arranged around the blind ditch gravel, and the blind ditch geotextile is wrapped around the blind ditch coarse sand.

8. The tailings dam according to claim 1, characterized in that: The abutment of the main body (4) of the compacted earth and rock initial dam is provided with a flood intercepting ditch (7).

9. The tailings dam initial stage according to claim 1, characterized in that: A downstream stone slope protection (5) is provided on the downstream dam slope of the compacted earth and rock initial dam body (4).

10. The tailings dam according to claim 9, characterized in that: The downstream stone masonry slope protection (5) includes a dry stone masonry slope protection and a slope protection filter layer, wherein the thickness of the dry stone masonry slope protection is not less than 500 mm; the slope protection filter layer includes two layers of coarse sand, and a layer of geotextile is sandwiched between the two layers of coarse sand.

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