Dielectric-loaded high-gain low-sidelobe navigation radar antenna

Abstract

The utility model provides a medium-loaded high-gain low-sidelobe navigation radar antenna, which comprises a waveguide slot antenna used for realizing low-sidelobe and high-efficiency radiation of the antenna and provided with a plurality of pairs of slots in the narrow side direction of the waveguide slot antenna; the polarization grid is arranged above the waveguide slot antenna and is used for inhibiting cross polarization and reducing side lobe level; the first dielectric block is arranged above the polarization grid, one side of the dielectric block protrudes outwards, the other side of the dielectric block sinks inwards, and the first dielectric block is used for narrowing the beam width of the pitching surface and improving the gain; the second dielectric block is arranged on the outer side of the first dielectric block and is used for supporting and fixing the first dielectric block and the antenna housing; the section bar sleeves the outer sides of the waveguide slot antenna and the polarization grid and is used for fixing the waveguide slot antenna and the polarization grid; and the antenna housing sleeves the outer side of the profile and is used for protecting the internal antenna.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the fields of wireless communications and marine navigation radar antennas, and in particular to a dielectric-loaded high-gain low-sidelobe navigation radar antenna. Background Art

[0002] With the booming development of maritime cargo, the safe transportation of ships is the key to navigation. As the "eyes" of ships, ship navigation radar plays a significant role in route positioning, obstacle avoidance, and ship pilotage, ensuring the safe operation of ships. As a key component of the radar system, the performance of the navigation radar antenna directly affects the overall performance of the radar. Therefore, research on navigation radar antennas is of great significance.

[0003] Navigation radar antennas need to have high resolution, strong anti-interference ability and long detection distance to ensure accurate target identification and positioning. Therefore, the antenna needs to have characteristics such as narrow beam, low sidelobe and high gain. The main antenna types currently used are parabolic antennas, microstrip array antennas and waveguide slot antennas. Among them, parabolic antennas are bulky, have a large windward surface and are not easy to fix; microstrip array antennas have small power capacity, low radiation power and narrow bandwidth; and waveguide slot antennas have the advantages of controllable aperture field distribution, large power capacity, stable performance and compact structure, and occupy an important position in current navigation radar antennas.

[0004] In waveguide slot antennas, two methods are generally used to increase gain: one is to add fan-shaped horns on both sides of the radiating surface to suppress the beam width and increase the gain; the other is to use multiple waveguide tubes to form an array design to increase the gain.

[0005] However, both of the above methods increase the gain by increasing the radiation area at the expense of increasing the volume of the antenna, which results in a larger antenna volume and a larger windward surface, affecting its installation and use. Utility Model Content

[0006] This utility model addresses the aforementioned issues and aims to provide a dielectric-loaded, high-gain, low-sidelobe navigation radar antenna. By utilizing dielectric loading, the antenna narrows the beamwidth in both elevation and elevation planes, thereby increasing gain. This achieves the broadband, high-gain, and low-sidelobe requirements of a navigation radar antenna, while also possessing a compact structure, a small windward surface, and ease of installation.

[0007] The utility model provides a dielectric-loaded high-gain low-sidelobe navigation radar antenna having the following characteristics:

[0008] Waveguide slot antenna, used to achieve low side lobe and high-efficiency radiation of the antenna, with several pairs of slots arranged in the narrow side direction of the waveguide slot antenna;

[0009] Polarization grid, set above the waveguide slot antenna, is used to suppress cross polarization and reduce the sidelobe level;

[0010] A first dielectric block is provided above the polarization grid. The dielectric block is rectangular with one side protruding outward and the other side recessed inward. The first dielectric block is used to narrow the elevation beamwidth and increase the gain.

[0011] The second dielectric block is arranged outside the first dielectric block and is used to support and fix the first dielectric block and the antenna cover;

[0012] A profile, which is sleeved on the outside of the waveguide slot antenna and the polarization grating, and is used to fix the waveguide slot antenna and the polarization grating; and

[0013] The antenna cover is mounted on the outside of the profile to protect the internal antenna.

[0014] The dielectric-loaded high-gain, low-sidelobe navigation radar antenna provided by the present invention may also have the following features: the upper middle position of the first dielectric block is concave downward, the lower middle position is convex downward, and the width of the concave portion is smaller than the width of the downward convex portion.

[0015] The dielectric-loaded high-gain, low-sidelobe navigation radar antenna provided by the present invention may also have the following features: the profile is made of metal material, and the antenna cover is made of fiberglass reinforced plastic material.

[0016] The dielectric-loaded high-gain low-sidelobe navigation radar antenna provided by the present invention may also have the following features: wherein the slots are inclined in the narrow side direction, each pair of slots is arranged in an eight-shaped pattern, and the center distance between two adjacent slots is greater than where λ g is the waveguide wavelength, and the tilt directions between adjacent slots are opposite.

[0017] The dielectric-loaded high-gain low-sidelobe navigation radar antenna provided by the present invention may also have the following features: wherein the inclination angle of the slot is 0°-20°, and the cutting depth is 0-3.5 mm.

[0018] The dielectric-loaded high-gain, low-sidelobe navigation radar antenna provided by the present invention may also have the following feature: the waveguide slot antenna is single-ended and uses waveguide feeding.

[0019] The dielectric-loaded high-gain low-sidelobe navigation radar antenna provided by the present invention may also have the following characteristics: the material of the first dielectric block is high-density polyurethane foam plastic, and the second dielectric block is a material with a relatively small dielectric constant.

[0020] The dielectric-loaded high-gain, low-sidelobe navigation radar antenna provided by the present invention may also have the following feature: the material of the second dielectric block is polystyrene foam.

[0021] The medium-loaded high-gain low-sidelobe navigation radar antenna provided by the present invention may also have the following features: the antenna cover has an opening below, and the antenna cover is fixed to the profile by bolts.

[0022] The dielectric-loaded high-gain, low-sidelobe navigation radar antenna provided by the present invention may also have the following features: wherein the polarization grating is U-shaped, the two ends of the U-shape are respectively connected to the profile, and the top of the U-shape is connected to the second dielectric block.

[0023] Functions and effects of utility models

[0024] The dielectric-loaded, high-gain, low-sidelobe navigation radar antenna of the present invention achieves high gain and low sidelobe requirements by narrowing the elevation beamwidth and increasing gain without increasing the aperture. The antenna boasts a compact overall structure, simple form, light weight, and a small windward surface, reducing wind resistance and alleviating the high demands on the servo motor during antenna rotation, lowering costs and facilitating installation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0026] Figure 2 It is a side sectional view of an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0027] Figure 3 It is a front cross-sectional view of an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0028] Figure 4 is a top view of a waveguide slot antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention; and

[0029] Figure 5 It is a front view of the waveguide slot antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] In the description of this application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "installed," "connected," and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, they can refer to fixed connections, detachable connections, or integral connections; they can refer to mechanical connections, electrical connections, or mutual communication; they can refer to direct connections or indirect connections through an intermediate medium; they can refer to internal communication between two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of the above terms in this application based on specific circumstances.

[0031] In order to make the technical means, creative features, objectives and effects achieved by the present invention easier to understand, the following embodiments, combined with the accompanying drawings, specifically illustrate a medium-loaded high-gain, low-sidelobe navigation radar antenna of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of an embodiment of the present utility model. Figure 2 It is a side sectional view of an embodiment of the present utility model. Figure 3 It is a front cross-sectional view of an embodiment of the present utility model. Figure 4 4 is a top view of the waveguide slot antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 5 It is a front view of the waveguide slot antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0033] like Figure 1-5 As shown, a dielectric-loaded high-gain low-sidelobe navigation radar antenna 100 in this embodiment includes a waveguide slot antenna 110, a polarization grating 120, a first dielectric block 130, a second dielectric block 140, a profile 150 and a radome 160.

[0034] The waveguide slot antenna 110 is used to achieve low side lobes and high-efficiency radiation. A plurality of pairs of slots 111 are provided in the narrow side direction of the waveguide slot antenna 110. The waveguide slot antenna 110 is single-ended and waveguide fed.

[0035] The slits 111 are inclined in the narrow side direction, each pair of slits 111 is arranged in an eight-shaped pattern, each slit 111 has the same width, the center distance between two adjacent slits 111 is 24 mm, the inclination directions of adjacent slits 111 are opposite, the inclination angle of the slits 111 is 0°-20°, and the cutting depth is 0-3.5 mm.

[0036] The polarization grating 120 is disposed above the waveguide slot antenna 110 to suppress cross polarization and reduce the sidelobe level. The polarization grating 120 is U-shaped, with both ends of the U connected to the profile and the top connected to the second dielectric block 140.

[0037] The first dielectric block 130 is made of high-density polyurethane foam and is arranged above the polarization grid 120 to narrow the pitch beam width and increase the gain. The middle position above the first dielectric block 130 is concave downward, and the middle position below is convex downward. The width of the concave part is smaller than the width of the downward convex part.

[0038] The second dielectric block 140 is made of polystyrene foam and is disposed outside the first dielectric block 130 . It fills the gap between the polarization grid 120 , the first dielectric block 130 , and the radome 160 , and is used to support and fix the first dielectric block 130 and the radome 160 .

[0039] The profile 150 is made of metal and is sleeved around the outside of the waveguide slot antenna 110 and the polarization grating 120 to fix the waveguide slot antenna 110 and the polarization grating 120 .

[0040] The radome 160 is made of fiberglass. The radome 160 has an opening at the bottom and is sleeved on the outside of the profile 150 to protect the internal antenna. The radome 160 is fixed to the profile 150 by bolts 161.

[0041] Functions and Effects of the Embodiments

[0042] The dielectric-loaded, high-gain, low-sidelobe navigation radar antenna of the present invention achieves high gain and low sidelobe requirements by narrowing the elevation beamwidth and increasing gain without increasing the aperture. The antenna boasts a compact overall structure, simple form, light weight, and a small windward surface, reducing wind resistance and alleviating the high demands on the servo motor during antenna rotation, lowering costs and facilitating installation.

[0043] The slots of the waveguide slot antenna are arranged in an eight-shaped pattern, which can obtain in-phase excitation. The required radiation conductance value is obtained by controlling the inclination angle and cutting depth of the narrow side slots of the waveguide slot antenna, thereby achieving the expected excitation distribution, realizing Taylor distribution weighting to obtain low side lobes, and forming a high-efficiency radiation beam in the horizontal polarization direction.

[0044] The upper middle position of the first dielectric block is concave downward, while the lower middle position is convex downward. High-density polyurethane foam plastic is used as the material, which can effectively narrow the beam width of the pitch plane and improve the gain, while having little effect on the beam width and sidelobe level of the azimuth plane.

[0045] The second dielectric block is made of polystyrene foam plastic, which has a small dielectric constant and has little effect on antenna performance.

[0046] The U-shaped polarization grating can radiate the energy parallel to the electric field direction and suppress the perpendicular energy, that is, suppress cross polarization and reduce the sidelobe level.

[0047] Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments. The above-described embodiments and the specification are merely illustrative of the principles of the present invention. Various changes and improvements may be made to the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Such changes and improvements are intended to fall within the scope of the present invention. The scope of protection claimed in the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A dielectric-loaded high-gain, low-sidelobe navigation radar antenna, characterized in that: include: A waveguide slot antenna is used to achieve low side lobes and high-efficiency radiation. The waveguide slot antenna is provided with a plurality of pairs of slots along its narrow side. Polarization grid, set above the waveguide slot antenna, is used to suppress cross polarization and reduce the sidelobe level; A first dielectric block is provided above the polarization grid. The dielectric block is rectangular with one side protruding outward and the other side recessed inward. The first dielectric block is used to narrow the elevation beamwidth and increase the gain. The second dielectric block is arranged outside the first dielectric block and is used to support and fix the first dielectric block and the antenna cover; A profile, sleeved on the outside of the waveguide slot antenna and the polarization grating, for fixing the waveguide slot antenna and the polarization grating; as well as The antenna cover is mounted on the outside of the profile to protect the internal antenna.

2. The dielectric-loaded high-gain, low-sidelobe navigation radar antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: in, The middle position of the upper portion of the first dielectric block is concave downward, and the middle position of the lower portion is convex downward, and the width of the concave portion is smaller than the width of the downward convex portion.

3. The dielectric-loaded high-gain, low-sidelobe navigation radar antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: in, The profile is made of metal material, and the antenna cover is made of glass fiber reinforced plastic material.

4. The dielectric-loaded high-gain, low-sidelobe navigation radar antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: in, The slits are inclined in the narrow side direction, each pair of slits is arranged in an eight-shaped pattern, and the center distance between two adjacent slits is greater than where λ g is the waveguide wavelength, and the tilt directions between adjacent slots are opposite.

5. The dielectric-loaded high-gain, low-sidelobe navigation radar antenna according to claim 4, characterized in that: in, The inclination angle of the slit is 0°-20°, and the cutting depth is 0-3.5 mm.

6. The dielectric-loaded high-gain, low-sidelobe navigation radar antenna according to claim 5, characterized in that: in, The waveguide slot antenna is fed by a waveguide at one end.

7. The dielectric-loaded high-gain, low-sidelobe navigation radar antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: in, The material of the first medium block is high-density polyurethane foam plastic.

8. The dielectric-loaded high-gain, low-sidelobe navigation radar antenna according to claim 7, characterized in that: in, The second dielectric block is made of polystyrene foam plastic.

9. The dielectric-loaded high-gain, low-sidelobe navigation radar antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: in, The lower side of the radome is opened, and the radome is fixed to the profile by bolts.

10. The dielectric-loaded high-gain, low-sidelobe navigation radar antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: in, The polarization grid is U-shaped, with both ends of the U-shaped grid connected to the profile respectively, and the top of the U-shaped grid connected to the second dielectric block.

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