Non-planar contact type waterproof sealing gasket combined structure

Abstract

The utility model discloses a non-planar contact type waterproof sealing gasket combination structure, which comprises a first waterproof sealing gasket, a second waterproof sealing gasket, a third waterproof sealing gasket and a fourth waterproof sealing gasket, the second waterproof sealing gasket comprises an upper end face and a lower end face, and the upper end face is a plane; the upper end face of the first waterproof sealing gasket and the upper end face of the second waterproof sealing gasket are oppositely arranged and tightly attached through extrusion so as to achieve sealing. The non-planar contact type waterproof sealing gasket combined structure can reduce the roughness of the contact surface as much as possible under reasonable contact stress, and the leakage rate is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of tunnel engineering, and in particular relates to a non-planar contact waterproof sealing pad combination structure suitable for waterproofing the joints of shield tunnel segments. Background Art

[0002] Shield tunnel structures are assembled from prefabricated segments, each equipped with a waterproofing system. The combined structure forms an integrated waterproofing system, with segment joints being the most critical component. Sealing gaskets (waterstops) are typically used for joint waterproofing. These gaskets are categorized by the water-stopping principle as elastic rubber gaskets and water-swelling rubber gaskets. The former are primarily made of ethylene propylene diene monomer (EPDM) and chloroprene rubber (CR), while the latter are primarily made of water-swelling resin and rubber. Currently, domestically, EPDM is commonly used for sealing gaskets, and the contact surfaces are all flat. However, these gaskets can occasionally leak even after long-term use.

[0003] According to the microscopic waterproofing theory of rubber gaskets, leakage rate is a key indicator for evaluating the gasket's waterproofing performance. The leakage rate calculation formula shows that it is proportional to the cube of the roughness; the lower the leakage rate, the stronger the waterproofing performance. In macroscopic waterproofing theory, contact stress is another important indicator for evaluating gasket waterproofing performance, and roughness is linearly inversely proportional to contact stress.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a contact-type waterproof sealing gasket to further improve the waterproof performance of the sealing gasket from both macroscopic and microscopic perspectives. Utility Model Content

[0005] In response to the deficiencies of the prior art, the present application provides a non-planar contact waterproof sealing gasket combination structure to minimize the roughness of the contact surface and reduce the leakage rate under reasonable contact stress.

[0006] The technical solutions provided in this application are as follows:

[0007] A non-planar contact type waterproof sealing gasket combination structure, comprising:

[0008] A first waterproof sealing gasket, comprising upper and lower end surfaces, wherein the upper end surface is comb-tooth shaped;

[0009] A second waterproof sealing gasket includes upper and lower end surfaces, wherein the upper end surface is a plane;

[0010] The upper end surfaces of the first waterproof sealing gasket and the second waterproof sealing gasket are arranged opposite to each other and are tightly fitted by being squeezed to achieve sealing.

[0011] In a possible implementation, the upper end surface is formed by arranging a plurality of comb tooth units; the shape of the comb tooth units includes one of a triangle, a rectangle, a trapezoid, and a semicircle.

[0012] In one possible implementation, the lower end surface of the first waterproof sealing pad includes support feet and drainage grooves; a plurality of support feet and drainage grooves are alternately arranged to form the lower end surface.

[0013] Furthermore, a through hole is provided inside the first waterproof sealing gasket along the length direction.

[0014] Furthermore, the through hole includes a first through hole and a second through hole; the first through hole is arranged on a side close to the upper end surface; and the second through hole is arranged on a side close to the lower end surface.

[0015] In one possible implementation, the width of the first waterproof sealing gasket gradually increases from the upper end surface to the lower end surface.

[0016] Furthermore, both sides of the first waterproof sealing gasket near the lower end surface extend outward to form an outwardly expanded end.

[0017] In one possible implementation, the structure of the second waterproof sealing gasket except for the upper end surface is consistent with that of the first waterproof sealing gasket.

[0018] In one possible implementation, the first waterproof seal and the second waterproof seal are both made of rubber.

[0019] This application has the following beneficial effects:

[0020] (1) At the macro level, by setting a comb-shaped gasket on one side of the segment joint and a flat gasket on the other side, the contact area between the two gaskets is reduced. Under the same load, the contact stress is greater and the waterproof ability of the gasket is stronger.

[0021] (2) At the microscopic level, the end contact surface of the comb-tooth type gasket is small, the stress is large, and the deformation is large, which can fit tightly with the surface of the flat gasket, reduce the roughness of the contact surface, and thus reduce the leakage rate of the gasket, further improving the waterproof ability of the gasket.

[0022] (3) The waterproof sealing gasket combination has a simple structure, can be industrially produced, and is highly practical in improving the waterproof performance of the pipe segment joints.

[0023] (4) The waterproof sealing gasket combination structure benefits from the improved waterproof performance of the pipe segment joints, which can reduce the joint leakage problems during the construction and operation periods of the shield tunnel, thereby reducing the cost of subsequent tunnel maintenance and has good economic benefits. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1 This is a schematic structural diagram of the waterproof sealing gasket assembly structure described in this application;

[0025] In the figure: 1-first waterproof sealing gasket; 2-second waterproof sealing gasket;

[0026] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the Roth model for the contact between a smooth rigid surface and an elastic surface with a roughness of √2σ. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] The content of this application is further described below with reference to specific embodiments, but the content of this application is not limited thereto.

[0028] like Figure 1 The figure shows a non-planar contact waterproof sealing gasket combination structure, comprising:

[0029] The first waterproof sealing gasket 1 comprises upper and lower end surfaces, wherein the upper end surface is comb-tooth shaped;

[0030] The second waterproof sealing gasket 2 comprises upper and lower end surfaces, wherein the upper end surface is a plane;

[0031] The upper end surfaces of the first waterproof sealing gasket 1 and the second waterproof sealing gasket 2 are arranged opposite to each other and are tightly fitted by extrusion to achieve sealing.

[0032] In a possible implementation, the upper end surface of the first waterproof sealing gasket 1 is formed by arranging a plurality of comb tooth units; the shape of the comb tooth units includes one of a triangle, a rectangle, a trapezoid, and a semicircle.

[0033] Exemplarily, this embodiment adopts a triangle.

[0034] Furthermore, the number of the comb tooth units is determined by the actual fit of the two sealing gaskets, and is generally 10-30.

[0035] In one possible implementation, the lower end surface of the first waterproof sealing pad includes support feet and drainage grooves; a plurality of support feet and drainage grooves are alternately arranged to form the lower end surface.

[0036] Furthermore, a through hole is provided inside the first waterproof sealing gasket along the length direction.

[0037] Furthermore, the through hole includes a first through hole and a second through hole; the first through hole is arranged on a side close to the upper end surface; and the second through hole is arranged on a side close to the lower end surface.

[0038] In a possible implementation, the width of the first waterproof sealing gasket 1 gradually increases from the upper end surface to the lower end surface.

[0039] Furthermore, both sides of the first waterproof sealing gasket 1 near the lower end surface extend outward to form an outwardly expanded end.

[0040] In one possible implementation, the structure of the second waterproof sealing gasket 2 except for the upper end surface is consistent with that of the first waterproof sealing gasket.

[0041] In one possible implementation, the first waterproof seal 1 and the second waterproof seal 2 are both made of rubber.

[0042] The relevant principles are as follows:

[0043] (1) Derivation of leakage rate formula

[0044] The leakage rate is the volume of fluid flowing out of the leak point under certain conditions per unit time. This embodiment derives the leakage rate of the gasket based on the Roth model. Since the two gaskets in contact with each other have the same roughness, the Roth model can be converted into a smooth rigid surface and another with a roughness of (σ is half the roughness of the gasket) the elastic surface contact form, such as Figure 2 shown.

[0045] According to the microscopic waterproof theory of rubber gaskets, leakage rate is an important indicator for evaluating the waterproof performance of gaskets. According to the leakage rate calculation formula Where h is the roughness, Δp is the pressure difference between the inside and outside of the gasket interface, L is the length of the sealing surface, B is the seal width, and μ is the viscosity coefficient of water. The leakage rate formula shows that the leakage rate is proportional to the cube of the roughness; the lower the leakage rate, the stronger the waterproof performance. In macroscopic waterproofing theory, contact stress is another important indicator for evaluating the waterproof performance of a gasket. Roughness h is linearly inversely proportional to contact stress. Therefore, appropriately increasing contact stress can improve the waterproof performance of a gasket from both a macroscopic and microscopic perspective.

[0046] The sealing gasket combination is formed by connecting two types of sealing gaskets. The upper end surface (contact surface) of the first waterproof sealing gasket 1 is a comb-tooth shape. The main functions and effects are as follows:

[0047] 1. The contact area between the two gaskets is reduced. According to the calculation formula of the macro waterproof principle of gaskets: p = λσ0, where p is the gasket's waterproof ability, λ is the sealing coefficient (can be 0.8 to 1.1), and σ0 is the contact stress of the contact surface. Under the same load, the comb-tooth gasket has a greater contact stress and a stronger waterproof ability.

[0048] 2. The upper end surface of the first waterproof gasket 1 has a small contact surface, large stress, and large deformation, and can fit tightly with the surface of the flat gasket, reducing the roughness of the contact surface. According to the leakage rate calculation formula, the toothed gasket can reduce the leakage rate of the gasket and improve the waterproof ability of the gasket.

[0049] The construction method of the non-planar contact waterproof sealing pad assembly structure of this embodiment is as follows:

[0050] (1) Paste the first waterproof sealing gasket 1 with a comb-tooth-shaped contact surface in the sealing gasket groove of any pipe segment annular seam and longitudinal seam.

[0051] (2) A second waterproof sealing gasket 2 having a flat contact surface is pasted in the sealing gasket grooves of the adjacent pipe segments' annular seams and longitudinal seams.

[0052] (3) The two types of pipe segment joint sealing gaskets are brought into contact and squeezed to form a sealed pipe segment joint.

[0053] The above description is only a preferred specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any modifications, equivalent replacements and improvements made by any technician familiar with this technical field within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the invention.

Claims

1. A non-planar contact waterproof sealing gasket assembly structure, characterized in that: include: A first waterproof sealing gasket, comprising upper and lower end surfaces, wherein the upper end surface is comb-tooth shaped; A second waterproof sealing gasket includes upper and lower end surfaces, wherein the upper end surface is a plane; The upper end surfaces of the first waterproof sealing gasket and the second waterproof sealing gasket are arranged opposite to each other and are tightly fitted by being squeezed to achieve sealing.

2. The non-planar contact waterproof sealing gasket assembly structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper end surface of the first waterproof sealing gasket is formed by arranging a plurality of comb tooth units; the shape of the comb tooth units includes one of a triangle, a rectangle, a trapezoid, and a semicircle.

3. The non-planar contact waterproof sealing gasket assembly structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lower end surface of the first waterproof sealing pad includes support feet and drainage grooves; a plurality of support feet and drainage grooves are alternately arranged to form the lower end surface.

4. The non-planar contact waterproof sealing gasket assembly structure according to claim 3, characterized in that: A through hole is formed inside the first waterproof sealing gasket along the length direction.

5. The non-planar contact waterproof sealing gasket assembly structure according to claim 4, characterized in that: The through hole includes a first through hole and a second through hole; the first through hole is arranged on a side close to the upper end surface; the second through hole is arranged on a side close to the lower end surface.

6. The non-planar contact waterproof sealing gasket assembly structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The width of the first waterproof sealing gasket gradually increases from the upper end surface to the lower end surface.

7. The non-planar contact waterproof sealing gasket assembly structure according to claim 6, characterized in that: Both sides of the first waterproof sealing gasket near the lower end surface extend outward to form an outwardly expanded end.

8. The non-planar contact waterproof sealing gasket assembly structure according to any one of claims 3 to 7, characterized in that: The structure of the second waterproof sealing gasket except for the upper end surface is consistent with that of the first waterproof sealing gasket.

9. The non-planar contact waterproof sealing gasket assembly structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The materials of the first waterproof seal and the second waterproof seal are both rubber.

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