Magnetic suspension permanent magnet motor and water pump with same

Abstract

A magnetic suspension permanent magnet motor comprises a machine shell (1) and a motor main shaft (2) penetrating through the central axis of the machine shell, a motor stator (4) is fixedly arranged in the machine shell, a motor rotor (3) is fixedly arranged on the motor main shaft, and the motor rotor and the motor stator are oppositely arranged; and mechanical angular self-positioning magnetic suspension bearings (5) for supporting the motor main shaft to rotate are respectively arranged in the shell and at two ends of the motor main shaft. The magnetic suspension bearing comprises a bearing moving ring (52) and a bearing static ring (53) which are nested with each other; the opposite working surfaces of the bearing moving ring and the bearing static ring are inclined surfaces and have the same magnetic polarity; and a magnetic suspension mechanical sealing structure (6) is arranged outside the shell and at the outer end of the motor main shaft to seal the magnetic suspension permanent magnet motor and the external environment. The concentricity of the magnetic suspension bearing and the motor main shaft is improved, axial self-balance and radial self-balance are achieved for suspension supporting of the motor main shaft and the rotor, and the bearing capacity and the suspension rigidity of the magnetic suspension bearing are enhanced; the magnetic suspension mechanical sealing structure improves the sealing effect, prolongs the service life and is convenient to maintain.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of magnetic levitation motors, and more specifically, to a magnetic levitation permanent magnet motor and a water pump equipped with the same. The present invention utilizes a mechanical angular self-aligning magnetic levitation bearing designed by the inventor to achieve contactless relative suspension between the dynamic and static rings of the magnetic levitation bearing, providing complete suspension support for the motor main shaft, replacing conventional bearings in the prior art. Furthermore, the present invention utilizes a magnetic levitation mechanical seal structure designed by the inventor to achieve a good seal on the motor main shaft, preventing leakage.

[0002] The magnetic levitation permanent magnet motor of the present invention can be widely used in any equipment that needs to provide power, for example, in particular, in pump equipment such as submersible pumps, deep well pumps, pipeline pumps, and sewage pumps. Background Art

[0003] Traditional electric motors consist of a stator, a rotor, and bearings that support the rotor shaft (also known as the motor's main shaft, rotating shaft, rotating shaft, or drive shaft). Bearings are generally required to support the rotor shaft. When conventional bearings are used to support the rotor shaft, mechanical friction inevitably occurs due to mechanical contact during rotor operation. This mechanical friction not only increases the rotor's frictional resistance, causing wear on moving parts and generating mechanical vibration and noise, but also causes component heating, degrading lubricant performance, and in severe cases, causing uneven air gaps in the motor, heating the windings, and increasing temperature rise, thereby reducing motor efficiency and shortening its service life.

[0004] While conventional bearings are cost-effective, they require friction with the ball bearings during operation, severely limiting their speed and making them unsuitable for high-speed applications. Furthermore, the high friction generates significant heat and requires oil lubrication. Their axial load capacity is particularly limited. Under relatively high axial forces, conventional bearings struggle to maintain long-term operation and are prone to damage, resulting in a short service life. If damaged bearings are not promptly replaced, they can impact or even damage the equipment. For example, damage to the bearings supporting the motor in a water pump can easily lead to oil leaks and contaminate the water supply.

[0005] To achieve high-speed rotation, the rotating portion of the bearing must be completely separated from the fixed portion, completely suspending the rotating portion to reduce bearing losses and increase bearing life. Currently, magnetic bearings are widely used. These include electromagnetic bearings, permanent magnetic bearings, and hybrid magnetic bearings.

[0006] The magnetic levitation motor uses the principle of "like repels like and opposites attract" between the excitation magnetic fields of the stator and rotor to suspend the rotor and generate a driving force to drive the rotor to move in a suspended state. Therefore, there is no mechanical contact between the stator and the rotor, which can produce higher acceleration and deceleration, and has less mechanical wear. It is easy to protect the mechanical parts and motor, and is convenient to maintain, inspect and replace. It is suitable for harsh environments, extremely clean and pollution-free environments and special needs environments.

[0007] Advantages and applications of magnetic levitation motors: (1) Non-contact application, no friction wear, greatly reduced vibration and noise, and extended service life; (2) Application in special occasions, such as deep wells, corrosion, vacuum, high temperature, low temperature, water vapor and other special application environments, no need for frequent replacement, and extended service life of product equipment; (3) Application in occasions that require control, such as position, overspeed, vibration, etc., which are relatively easy to control; (4) Application in some special occasions, such as memory, learning, judgment ability, monitoring, recording, and diagnosis of operating status; (5) Distributed application of controllable force, such as the distribution and control of position force at each point of magnetic levitation vehicles and magnetic levitation bearings.

[0008] Magnetic bearings are widely used to support the motor shaft of the magnetic levitation motor.

[0009] A magnetic bearing is a component that uses magnetic force to achieve axial support. It is generally composed of fixed magnetic poles and floating magnetic poles, and uses magnetic force to achieve contactless support between the shaft and the bearing. The specific working principle is as follows:

[0010] 1. Magnetic field generation: The fixed magnetic poles in the magnetic bearing generate a stable magnetic field. Electromagnetic coils or permanent magnets are generally used to generate magnetic force.

[0011] 2. Magnetic induction: The magnetic poles in the floating magnetic field sense the magnetic field of the fixed magnetic poles, generating an equal or opposite magnetic force.

[0012] 3. Magnetic balance: The magnetic force in the floating pole is balanced with gravity or other external forces. By controlling the current or magnetic force, or adjusting the strength of the electromagnetic coil or permanent magnet, the bearing is suspended in the magnetic field, with zero contact force with the shaft.

[0013] 4. Control System: Magnetic bearings use sensors to monitor the shaft's position and posture in real time, transmitting signals to the control system. Based on these signals, the control system adjusts the magnetic force of the electromagnetic coil or permanent magnet to maintain the contact force between the bearing and the shaft within a predetermined range.

[0014] 5. Power transmission: When the shaft rotates, since the magnetic bearing has no direct contact with the shaft, the bearing can support the rotation of the shaft without friction, achieving precise positioning and high-speed rotation.

[0015] Magnetic bearings can achieve contactless support of the rotating shaft, so magnetic bearings have the following advantages:

[0016] (1) Able to withstand extremely high speeds. The rotating shaft supported by magnetic bearings can operate under supercritical conditions of hundreds of thousands of revolutions per minute, and its circumferential speed is limited only by the strength of the shaft material. Generally speaking, under the condition of the same shaft neck diameter, the rotating shaft supported by magnetic bearings can reach a speed that is about 2 times higher than that supported by rolling bearings and about 3 times higher than that supported by sliding bearings. The German FAG company has found through experiments that the dn value of rolling bearings, that is, the product of the average bearing diameter and the maximum speed of the spindle, is about 2.5 to 3×10 6 mm·r / min, the dn value of the sliding bearing is about 0.8~2×10 6 mm·r / min, the dn value of the magnetic bearing is about 4 to 6×10 6 mm·r / min.

[0017] (2) Low friction power consumption. At 10,000 r / min, the power consumption of the magnetic bearing is only about 6% of that of the hydrodynamic lubrication bearing and only 17% of that of the rolling bearing, with a significant energy-saving effect.

[0018] (3) Long life and low maintenance cost. Since magnetic bearings rely on magnetic field force to suspend the rotating shaft, there is no mechanical contact between the stator and the rotor. Therefore, there are no life problems caused by friction, wear and contact fatigue. Their life and reliability are much higher than those of traditional mechanical bearings.

[0019] (4) No need to add lubricant. Because there is no mechanical friction between the stator and the rotor, no lubricant is needed during operation, so there is no problem of lubricant causing environmental pollution. In places where lubricants and pollution are prohibited, such as vacuum equipment, ultra-clean sterile rooms, drinking water sources, etc., magnetic bearings have incomparable advantages.

[0020] It can be seen that magnetic bearings use magnetic force to achieve low-loss and long-life support of the shaft system. They have the advantages of no contact, no friction, low noise, low energy consumption, high precision and high speed, and long life. They are widely used in high-speed mechanical equipment, precision processing equipment and other fields.

[0021] Currently, electromagnetic bearings are mostly used to maintain the main shaft position of magnetic levitation motors. In a magnetic levitation motor, the rotor is suspended at high speed by the force of a magnetic field. A radial magnetic bearing is located at each end of the rotor, and a position sensor is installed at the corresponding position of each radial magnetic bearing to control the rotor's four radial degrees of freedom. An axial magnetic bearing is located at one end of the rotor to control the rotor's one axial degree of freedom. The radial and axial magnetic bearings are used to control the rotor's operation. When power is applied, the magnetic field generated by the radial magnetic bearings drives the rotor to levitate, while the axial magnetic bearings restrict the rotor's axial degrees of freedom. When power is removed, the rotor will fall due to the absence of the magnetic field.

[0022] However, electromagnetic bearings cannot operate without power, as a power outage would damage them. For example, the motor supported by the electromagnetic bearing must not leak water or oil, as such leaks would damage both the motor and the bearings. Furthermore, electromagnetic bearings are expensive, hindering mass production and application. Furthermore, their complex and demanding assembly processes require high worker skill and lead to high maintenance costs.

[0023] Permanent magnetic bearings typically adopt an annular structure, consisting of a stationary ring and a rotating ring. The central axes of the two rings coincide with the axis of the rotating machine's rotor, with a certain axial clearance between the two rings. The stationary ring is fixed to the rotating machine's housing via structural components, while the rotating ring is coaxially fixed to the rotor. When the permanent magnetic bearing is operating, the rotating ring rotates at high speed with the rotor, and the magnetic attraction or repulsion between the rotating and stationary rings achieves axial suspension of the rotor.

[0024] Permanent magnetic bearings are categorized as permanent magnetic attraction bearings and permanent magnetic repulsion bearings. Permanent magnetic bearings are typically used in conjunction with mechanical positioning bearings and electromagnetic active control bearings. The permanent magnetic attraction bearing and rolling bearings form a hybrid bearing system. The rotor shaft is rotationally connected to the machine housing via mechanical positioning bearings, both of which are rolling bearings. The axial and radial limit functions of the mechanical bearings ensure axial and radial clearances between the stationary ring and rotating components, including the moving ring, rotor, and shaft.

[0025] In addition, in existing magnetic levitation motors, there is a gap between the motor shaft and the housing. If foreign matter enters, it will affect the normal operation of the motor and is not conducive to extending the service life of the magnetic levitation motor. Therefore, it is also necessary to improve the sealing structure of the main shaft of the magnetic levitation motor.

[0026] Figure 1The figure shows an existing deep-well pump equipped with a permanent-magnet variable-frequency motor. The deep-well pump includes a permanent-magnet variable-frequency motor and a guide housing. As shown, the motor has a stator 4 fixed within a stainless steel housing 1. A rotor 3 is mounted on the motor main shaft 2, and a rotor magnet 31 is mounted on the motor rotor 3. A stator ferrule is provided on the motor stator 4, and a rotor shield is provided between the stator 4 and the motor rotor 3. An impeller 14 is mounted within the guide housing 15, connected to the motor main shaft 2. The guide housing 15 has an impeller water inlet 13 at its lower portion and an outlet pipe 16 at its upper portion. A bearing chamber 11 is fixed to the top of the housing 1. This bearing chamber 11 houses a plain bearing 12 (such as a ball bearing) that supports the rotation of the motor main shaft. This plain bearing utilizes a mechanical seal made of all-alloy material.

[0027] However, in the above-mentioned permanent magnet variable frequency motor, the bearings used to support the motor main shaft are ordinary bearings, which have the defects of generating friction loss and heat easily and are not suitable for high-speed rotation requirements; moreover, the mechanical seal therein has the defects of loose sealing and easy leakage.

[0028] Figure 2 The figure shows a conventional mechanical seal device for a submersible pump. The utility model patent number is 201220289899.X, the application date is June 20, 2012, the patentee is Chengdu Kexing Sealing Technology Co., Ltd., and the authorization announcement date is March 20, 2013. The submersible pump mechanical seal device includes a housing 1 (i.e., pump body), a stationary ring 21, a dynamic ring 22, a stationary ring seal 23, a dynamic ring seal 24, a rotating shaft 25, a pressure spring 26, a dynamic ring pressure plate 27 (i.e., a push ring), a spring seat 28, an impeller 14, and a locking and positioning spring 29. The stationary ring seal 23 is fixed between the stationary ring 21 and the casing 1. The stationary ring 21 is hingedly connected to the dynamic ring 22. A locking spring 29 is located in a slot on the impeller 14 and connected to the dynamic ring 22. The dynamic ring 22 is connected to the dynamic ring pressure plate 27 via the dynamic ring seal 24. The dynamic ring pressure plate 27 is connected to the spring seat 28 via a pressure spring 26. The spring seat 28 is connected to the impeller 14 via a drive pin. The impeller 14 is mounted on the rotating shaft 25 of the submersible pump. This submersible pump mechanical seal device uses the pressure spring 26 to press the dynamic ring 22 against the stationary ring 21, forming a sealing surface between the dynamic ring 22 and the stationary ring 21. This mechanical seal prevents external liquid from entering the pump body. This mechanical seal has a simple structure, low cost, and is easy to install.

[0029] However, the pressure spring in this traditional mechanical seal structure is easily corroded by the surrounding liquid and easily fails and deforms after long-term use, thus affecting the sealing effect and requiring timely or regular replacement, thereby increasing the maintenance cost of the entire equipment. Replacement is particularly inconvenient when used in submersible pumps (deep well pumps).

[0030] Figure 3The figure shows an existing magnetic levitation motor, which mainly includes a motor stator 4 fixed to the inner cavity of the motor housing 1, a motor main shaft (i.e., rotor main shaft) 2, a motor rotor 3 integral with the motor main shaft 2, and radial magnetic levitation bearings and thrust magnetic levitation bearings supporting both ends of the motor main shaft 2. Each radial magnetic levitation bearing includes: a radially magnetized permanent magnet rotating sleeve 34 fixedly mounted on the outer end of the motor main shaft 2; a radial superconducting magnetic bearing ring 35 fixedly mounted on the bearing seat 33, and the two are rotationally matched; each thrust magnetic levitation bearing includes: an axially magnetized permanent magnet rotating thrust disk 36 fixedly mounted on the middle of the motor main shaft 2; and an axial superconducting magnetic bearing thrust disk 37 fixedly mounted on the bearing seat 33, and the two are rotationally matched in parallel. In this way, the radial superconducting magnetic bearing ring 35 suspends the entire rotor under the action of the strong magnetic field of the radially magnetized permanent magnet rotating bearing sleeve 34, and has a certain radial stiffness, while the axial superconducting magnetic bearing thrust plate 37 can control the axial movement of the rotor under the action of the strong magnetic field of the axially magnetized permanent magnet rotating thrust plate 36, thereby making the motor rotor float stably. The motor rotor 3 is driven to rotate by the motor stator 4, and the speed of the motor main shaft 2 can be changed steplessly.

[0031] Although this type of magnetic levitation motor has a high maximum speed, reduces friction, extends its service life, and has the advantages of no lubrication and pollution, due to the use of two sets of radial magnetic levitation bearings and two sets of thrust magnetic levitation bearings, when the rotor main shaft rotates at high speed, the radial suspension and axial suspension between the two bearings are difficult to achieve good adaptation. Therefore, the motor rotor is prone to offset when rotating at high speed for a long time, resulting in failure, making the motor unable to work normally, which in turn affects the use of the equipment. In addition, its structure is relatively complex.

[0032] In addition, the bearing capacity of the magnetic bearing used in this magnetic levitation motor is also limited, usually not exceeding 1000 N. The magnetic bearings in the prior art cannot provide the required large bearing capacity.

[0033] It can be seen that the above-mentioned existing magnetic levitation motor has some defects in the stability and bearing capacity of the magnetic levitation bearing and the sealing performance of the motor main shaft, which need to be improved.

[0034] In view of the above problems, the inventors have conducted in-depth research and numerous experiments on magnetic levitation motors in production practice, and now propose a magnetic levitation permanent magnet motor of the present invention. Utility Model Content

[0035] To address the aforementioned technical problems of the prior art, the present invention provides a magnetic levitation permanent magnet motor. By modifying the structure and relative mounting arrangement of the dynamic and static rings in the bearings supporting the motor's main shaft, the present invention aims to improve the concentricity of the bearings with respect to the motor's main shaft, enabling the motor's main shaft to achieve self-positioning and stable operation, thereby increasing the bearing's load capacity and the motor's speed. Furthermore, by incorporating a magnetic levitation mechanical seal structure, the present invention improves the sealing performance of the magnetic levitation permanent magnet motor, thereby extending the product's service life and reducing maintenance costs. A water pump incorporating the magnetic levitation permanent magnet motor is also provided.

[0036] The technical solutions provided by the present invention to solve the above technical problems are as follows:

[0037] A magnetic levitation permanent magnet motor comprises a housing and a motor shaft extending through the central axis of the housing, wherein a motor stator is fixed in the housing, and a motor rotor is fixed on the motor shaft in the housing, and the motor rotor is arranged opposite to the motor stator; and is characterized in that:

[0038] Within the housing, mechanical angular self-positioning magnetic bearings are provided at both ends of the motor main shaft for supporting the rotation of the motor main shaft; the magnetic bearings include a bearing dynamic ring and a bearing static ring nested with each other, wherein the relative working surfaces of the bearing dynamic ring and the bearing static ring are inclined surfaces and have the same magnetic polarity;

[0039] Outside the housing, a magnetic suspension mechanical seal structure is provided at the outer end of the motor main shaft for isolating and sealing the magnetic suspension permanent magnet motor from the external environment;

[0040] A sand protection cover is also included, in which the mechanical sealing structure is sealingly disposed.

[0041] Furthermore, the magnetic levitation bearing also includes a bearing seat for accommodating the bearing dynamic ring and the bearing static ring; the bearing dynamic ring is accommodated and fixed in a dynamic ring sleeve, and the dynamic ring sleeve is fixedly connected to the motor main shaft; the bearing static ring is accommodated and fixed in a static ring sleeve, and the static ring sleeve is accommodated and fixed in the corresponding bearing seat.

[0042] Furthermore, the bearing movable ring is nested inside the bearing static ring; the bearing movable ring is a truncated cone with a center hole, and the bearing static ring is a hollow cylinder, wherein the shape of the hollow part is adapted to the truncated cone of the bearing movable ring.

[0043] Furthermore, the angle of the busbar of the cone relative to the central axis of the cone is 30-60 degrees, preferably 32-58 degrees, 35-55 degrees, 37-52 degrees, 38-51 degrees, 40-50 degrees, 42-48 degrees, 44-46 degrees, and most preferably 45 degrees.

[0044] Furthermore, the bearing movable ring has a center hole, the movable ring sleeve is nested in the center hole and covers the bottom surface of the bearing movable ring; the stationary ring sleeve is sleeved on the outer periphery of the bearing stationary ring and covers the bearing stationary ring; the stationary ring sleeve is coaxial with the movable ring sleeve.

[0045] Furthermore, the mechanical seal structure includes a mechanical seal housing and a mechanical seal static ring and a mechanical seal dynamic ring accommodated in the mechanical seal housing; on the upper surface of the mechanical seal dynamic ring facing away from the mechanical seal static ring, a dynamic ring lower magnet and a dynamic ring upper magnet are provided, and the magnetic polarity of the opposing surfaces of the dynamic ring lower magnet and the dynamic ring upper magnet are the same, forming a sealing surface on the contact surface between the mechanical seal dynamic ring and the mechanical seal static ring.

[0046] Furthermore, a dynamic ring sealing ring is provided between the mechanical seal dynamic ring and the motor main shaft, and a static ring sealing ring is provided between the mechanical seal static ring and the corresponding mounting component of the magnetic levitation permanent magnet motor.

[0047] Furthermore, the materials of the bearing static ring, the bearing dynamic ring, the dynamic ring upper magnet, and the dynamic ring lower magnet are all magnetic steel, selected from aluminum nickel cobalt magnet, ferrite magnet or neodymium iron boron magnet.

[0048] Furthermore, the magnetic steel is a neodymium iron boron magnetic steel.

[0049] Furthermore, the magnetic flux density of the magnetic steel ranges from 1.0 to 300 T, preferably from 1.0 to 50 T, 50 to 100 T, 100 to 150 T, 150 to 200 T, 200 to 250 T, and 250 to 300 T, including the endpoint values of each range and the midpoint values of each range of 25 T, 75 T, 125 T, 175 T, 225 T, and 275 T.

[0050] Furthermore, the repulsive force between the bearing static ring and the bearing dynamic ring, and the repulsive force between the upper magnetic steel of the dynamic ring and the lower magnetic steel of the dynamic ring are 100 to 50000N, preferably 100-2500N, 2500-5000N, 5000-7500N, 7500-10000N, 10000-12500N, 12500-15000N, 15000-17500N, 17500-20000N, 20000-22500N, 22500-25000N, 25000-27500N, 27500-30000N, 30000-32500N, 32500-35000N, 350 00-37500N, 37500-40000N, 40000-42500N, 42500-45000N, 45000-47500N, 47500-50000N, and including the endpoint values of each range, and the intermediate point values of each range 1250N, 3750N, 6250N, 8750N, 11250N, 13750N, 16250N, 18750N, 21250N, 23750N, 26250N, 28750N, 31250N, 33750N, 36250N, 38750N, 41250N, 43750N, 46250N, 48750N.

[0051] Furthermore, the suspended air gap between the relative working surfaces of the bearing static ring and the bearing dynamic ring, and the suspended air gap between the relative surfaces of the upper magnetic steel of the dynamic ring and the lower magnetic steel of the dynamic ring are 0.2-3mm, optionally 0.3-2mm, preferably 0.5-1.2mm, and most preferably 0.3-0.5mm.

[0052] Furthermore, the bearing static ring, the bearing dynamic ring, the upper magnetic steel of the dynamic ring, and the lower magnetic steel of the dynamic ring are demagnetized.

[0053] Furthermore, the bearing static ring, the bearing dynamic ring, the dynamic ring upper magnet, and the dynamic ring lower magnet can be assembled by splicing and assembling stacked, assembled, or slotted magnetic steel sheets.

[0054] Furthermore, the magnetic bearing has a protective ring sleeved between the dynamic ring sleeve and the motor main shaft.

[0055] Furthermore, the surfaces of the bearing static ring, the bearing dynamic ring, the dynamic ring upper magnetic steel, and the dynamic ring lower magnetic steel are all covered with a protective layer, and the protective layer is an electroplated nickel layer, zinc layer, gold layer or chromium layer, or a sprayed epoxy resin layer.

[0056] Furthermore, the dynamic ring sheath adopts a stainless steel body inlaid with a high-density composite alloy material, which is selected from composite low-temperature silicon carbide, silicon nitride, boron carbide, antimony-impregnated graphite, YG5 or W1.

[0057] Furthermore, the static ring jacket is made of a high-density hot-pressed composite material selected from composite low-temperature silicon carbide, silicon nitride, boron carbide, antimony-impregnated graphite, YG5 or W1.

[0058] Furthermore, a decompression sleeve assembly is provided at the bottom of the casing, which includes a decompression sleeve, a decompression sleeve bottom cover and a decompression sleeve reset spring provided between the decompression sleeve and the decompression sleeve bottom cover, and a bottom cover exhaust hole is provided at the center of the decompression sleeve bottom cover.

[0059] The present utility model also provides a water pump, comprising a pump body, an impeller, a drive shaft and a guide shell, characterized in that it also comprises the magnetic levitation permanent magnet motor described above, the motor main shaft output end of the magnetic levitation permanent magnet motor is connected to the drive shaft through a coupling, the impeller is mounted on the drive shaft and accommodated in the guide shell.

[0060] Beneficial technical effects of the utility model:

[0061] On the one hand, the magnetic levitation permanent magnet motor of the present invention adopts the mechanical angular self-positioning magnetic levitation bearing. By changing the structure of the bearing static ring and the bearing dynamic ring and their relative installation form, especially designing the relative working surfaces of the bearing static ring and the bearing dynamic ring as mutually compatible inclined surfaces, the concentricity of the magnetic levitation bearing and the motor main shaft is improved, so that the magnetic levitation bearing can achieve axial self-balancing and radial self-balancing "self-positioning" for the support of the motor main shaft, and the bearing dynamic ring can be in a completely suspended state relative to the bearing static ring; the bearing capacity of the magnetic levitation bearing is enhanced, and its suspension rigidity and support reliability are improved, so that the operation of the motor main shaft and its rotor is more stable, and the high speed requirement of the motor main shaft is guaranteed, thereby significantly extending the service life of the product.

[0062] On the other hand, the magnetic levitation permanent magnet motor of the present invention adopts the magnetic levitation mechanical seal structure, which fundamentally avoids the product failure problem caused by the easy failure of springs or electromagnets, greatly improves the reliability of mechanical seals, and is also conducive to further increasing the motor speed and making the motor operation more stable.

[0063] The inventor has conducted multiple internal tests and experiments on the test samples of the utility model and found that the technical effect is good. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0064] Figure 1 The figure is a schematic diagram of the structure of an existing deep well pump with a permanent magnet variable frequency motor;

[0065] Figure 2 The figure is a structural diagram of an existing mechanical sealing device for a submersible pump.

[0066] Figure 3 The figure is a structural diagram of an existing magnetic levitation motor.

[0067] Figure 4 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the structure of the magnetic levitation permanent magnet motor of the present invention.

[0068] Figure 5 The figure is a schematic cross-sectional view of the structure of the magnetic levitation bearing in the magnetic levitation permanent magnet motor of the present invention.

[0069] Figure 6 It is a schematic cross-sectional view of the mechanical seal structure in the magnetic levitation permanent magnet motor of the present invention.

[0070] In the figures, the corresponding relationship between the reference numerals and components, assemblies and structures is as follows:

[0071] 1- housing;

[0072] 2-motor spindle;

[0073] 3-motor rotor, 31-rotor magnet, 32-rotor head;

[0074] 4-motor stator, 41-winding upper header, 42-winding lower header;

[0075] 5-magnetic bearing, 51-dynamic ring sleeve, 52-bearing dynamic ring, 53-bearing static ring, 54-static ring sleeve, 55-upper bearing seat, 56-lower bearing seat, 57-protective ring, 58-bearing seat locating ring, 59-bearing seat fastening screw;

[0076] 6-Mechanical seal structure, 61-Mechanical seal static ring, 62-Mechanical seal dynamic ring, 63-Static ring sealing ring, 64-Dynamic ring sealing ring, 65-Dynamic ring upper magnet, 66-Dynamic ring lower magnet, 67-Mechanical seal housing, 68-Spindle locking screw;

[0077] 7-decompression sleeve assembly, 71-decompression sleeve, 72-decompression sleeve return spring, 73-decompression sleeve bottom cover;

[0078] 8-motor base, 81-base positioning screw;

[0079] 9- Anti-sand shield;

[0080] 10- Cable;

[0081] 11-bearing chamber, 12-normal bearing, 13-impeller water inlet, 14-impeller, 15-guide casing, 16-outlet pipe;

[0082] 21-static ring, 22-dynamic ring, 23-static ring seal, 24-dynamic ring seal, 25-rotating shaft, 26-pressure spring, 27-dynamic ring pressure plate, 28-spring seat, 29-locking positioning spring;

[0083] 33-bearing seat, 34-radial magnetized permanent magnet rotating sleeve, 35-radial superconducting magnetic bearing ring, 36-axial magnetized permanent magnet rotating thrust plate, 37-axial superconducting magnetic bearing thrust plate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0084] The specific implementation methods of the present invention will be further described and illustrated below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0085] like Figure 4 As shown, the magnetic levitation permanent magnet motor of the present invention includes a stainless steel housing 1 and a motor shaft 2 extending through the central axis of the housing 1. A variable frequency motor stator 4 is fixed within the housing 1. A motor rotor 3 is fixed to the motor shaft 2 within the housing 1, and the motor rotor 3 is arranged opposite the motor stator 4. The motor is characterized in that: within the housing 1, mechanical angular self-aligning magnetic levitation bearings 5 are provided at both ends of the motor shaft 2 for supporting the rotation of the motor shaft 2; outside the housing 1, a magnetic levitation mechanical seal structure 6 is provided at the outer end of the motor shaft 2 for sealing the magnetic levitation permanent magnet motor from the external environment. A pressure reducing sleeve assembly 7 is also fixed to the bottom of the housing 1.

[0086] The improvements of the magnetic levitation permanent magnet motor of the present invention are mainly in two aspects:

[0087] On the one hand, a mechanical angular self-positioning magnetic bearing designed by the inventor is used. By utilizing the principle of like magnetic fields repelling each other, the dynamic and static rings of the magnetic bearing are non-contacted and relatively suspended, thereby providing suspension support for both ends of the motor main shaft, replacing the conventional bearings in the prior art.

[0088] On the other hand, a magnetic suspension mechanical seal structure designed by the inventor is used to achieve good sealing between the motor and the external environment, preventing external liquid from leaking into the interior of the motor and affecting the operation and service life of the motor.

[0089] The magnetic levitation permanent magnet motor of the present invention can be widely used in any equipment that needs to provide power, for example, it is particularly suitable for pump equipment such as submersible pumps, deep well pumps, pipeline pumps, sewage pumps, etc.

[0090] First, we combine Figure 4 and Figure 5 , introduces the mechanical angular self-positioning magnetic suspension bearing used in the magnetic suspension permanent magnet motor of the present invention.

[0091] Note: For the sake of simplicity, Figure 5The upper bearing seat 55 and the lower bearing seat 56 are omitted, and the drawing of the motor rotor and the motor stator in the figure is simplified.

[0092] like Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the mechanical angular self-positioning magnetic bearing 5 in the present invention comprises a bearing dynamic ring 52 and a bearing static ring 53 which are nested with each other, and a bearing seat for accommodating the bearing dynamic ring 52 and the bearing static ring 53 (see Figure 4 The upper bearing seat 55 and the lower bearing seat 56 in the bearing are arranged, and the bearing movable ring 52 is nested inside the bearing static ring 53. The bearing movable ring 52 and the bearing static ring 53 are both made of magnetic steel. The relative working surfaces of the bearing movable ring 52 and the bearing static ring 53 are inclined surfaces, and the magnetic polarity of the relative working surfaces is the same (both are N poles or both are S poles); the bearing movable ring 52 is accommodated and fixed in a movable ring sleeve 51, and the movable ring sleeve 51 is fixedly connected to the motor main shaft 2; the bearing static ring 53 is accommodated and fixed in a static ring sleeve 54, and the static ring sleeve 54 is accommodated and fixed in its corresponding bearing seat. In this way, due to the magnetic repulsion between the relative working surfaces of the bearing movable ring 52 and the bearing static ring 53, the bearing movable ring 52 can be in a completely suspended state relative to the bearing static ring 53, so that the motor main shaft 2 and its motor rotor 3 are suspended and supported together.

[0093] The mechanical angular self-positioning magnetic bearing can be installed on a device casing (such as a motor housing, a water pump seat, etc.), and is arranged at both ends of the motor main shaft to support the motor main shaft.

[0094] The mechanical angular self-positioning magnetic bearing in the utility model changes the structure of the bearing static ring and the bearing dynamic ring and their relative installation form, and designs the relative working surfaces of the bearing static ring and the bearing dynamic ring as mutually adapted inclined surfaces, so that the axial and radial forces are all on the same plane, thereby improving the concentricity of the magnetic bearing and the motor main shaft, so that the bearing dynamic ring can be in a suspended state relative to the bearing static ring, so that the motor main shaft can be completely suspended and supported by the magnetic bearing.

[0095] Specifically, if Figure 5 As shown, the bearing movable ring 52 is a truncated cone with a smaller top and a larger bottom (or larger top and a smaller bottom). The bearing movable ring 52 has a center hole. The movable ring sleeve 51 nested in the center hole can cover the bottom surface and the center hole of the bearing movable ring 52. The center of the movable ring sleeve 51 is provided with an axial hole for passing the motor main shaft 2. Moreover, the angle of the generatrix of the truncated cone relative to the central axis of the truncated cone is 30-60 degrees, that is, the inclination angle relative to the working surface (inclined surface) is designed to be 30-60 degrees, preferably 32-58 degrees, 35-55 degrees, 37-52 degrees, 38-51 degrees, 40-50 degrees, 42-48 degrees, 44-46 degrees, and most preferably 45 degrees.

[0096] Correspondingly, the bearing's stationary ring 53 is a hollow cylinder, the hollow portion of which precisely matches the truncated cone of the bearing's rotating ring 52. In other words, the hollow portion precisely accommodates the cone of the bearing's rotating ring 52. A correspondingly shaped stationary ring sleeve 54 is sleeved around the outer circumference of the bearing's stationary ring 53. This sleeve is roughly cylindrical and coaxial with the rotating ring sleeve 51.

[0097] As the most preferred technical solution of the present invention, the relative working surfaces of the bearing static ring 53 and the bearing dynamic ring 52 are designed to be 45-degree inclined surfaces that match each other. This optimal angle design can better achieve axial self-balancing and radial self-balancing between the bearing static ring and the bearing dynamic ring, realize true "self-positioning", further improve the concentricity of the bearing and the motor main shaft, and the bearing dynamic ring can achieve complete magnetic suspension operation relative to the bearing static ring. At the same time, it can better offset the impact force on the motor rotor due to uneven external force, which is also conducive to increasing the rotation speed of the motor main shaft.

[0098] There is a suitable suspension air gap between the relative working surfaces of the bearing static ring 53 and the bearing dynamic ring 52. The size of the suspension air gap needs to be specifically designed and selected according to parameters such as the specifications and models of the product (for example, the flow rate, head, motor power and maximum outer diameter of the pump body). It is generally designed to be 0.2-3mm, and can be optionally 0.3-2mm, preferably 0.5-1.2mm, and most preferably 0.3-0.5mm. Since the bearing dynamic ring is in a suspended state relative to the bearing static ring, the rotational friction resistance and friction loss between the two are eliminated, and mutual friction and wear are avoided. This not only improves the transmission efficiency of the motor spindle, but also extends the service life of the bearing static ring, the bearing dynamic ring and the magnetic levitation bearing product, thereby reducing the operating cost of the equipment.

[0099] In the utility model, the magnetizing directions for magnetizing the bearing static ring and the bearing dynamic ring are perpendicular to their respective inclined surfaces, so that the magnetizing effect is good.

[0100] Conventional motors or magnetic levitation motors used in existing submersible pumps and deep-well pumps typically have bearing lifespans of 6-8 months, or at most a year, requiring frequent downtime for bearing replacement. However, the magnetic levitation permanent magnet motor with mechanically angularly self-aligning magnetic levitation bearings of this invention can achieve a bearing lifespan of over 10 years, significantly reducing the frequency of bearing replacements and significantly lowering economic costs.

[0101] In the present invention, when the mechanical angular self-positioning magnetic bearings are used in actual production, they should generally be used in pairs. For example, Figure 4 and Figure 5As shown, the motor rotor is fixed to the middle section of the motor main shaft 2, and a corresponding motor stator is installed on the device housing. Mechanical angular self-aligning magnetic bearings of the present invention are installed at each end of the motor main shaft 2, thereby suspending and supporting the motor main shaft 2 and the motor rotor. Furthermore, the two magnetic bearings at each end of the motor main shaft should ideally be arranged in opposite directions, forming a completely symmetrical arrangement. This makes the motor main shaft's support extremely easy to achieve "self-alignment," that is, axial and radial self-balancing, due to the completely symmetrical structure.

[0102] In addition, if Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the mechanical angular self-aligning magnetic bearing of the present invention includes a protective ring 57, preferably made of an alloy, between the motor shaft 2 and the rotating ring sheath 51, preferably between the upper portion of the axial hole of the rotating ring sheath 51 and the corresponding portion of the motor shaft 2. This protects the bearing from damage or wear caused by an external overload transmitted through the motor shaft.

[0103] In the present invention, the materials of the dynamic ring sheath and the static ring sheath are selected as follows:

[0104] The dynamic ring sheath is constructed of a stainless steel body inlaid with a high-density composite alloy material, such as low-temperature silicon carbide, silicon nitride, boron carbide, antimony-impregnated graphite, YG5, or W1 alloys. This material offers higher density and greater hardness. The static ring sheath is constructed of a high-density hot-pressed composite material, such as low-temperature silicon carbide, silicon nitride, boron carbide, antimony-impregnated graphite, YG5, or W1 alloys.

[0105] Here, the functions of the dynamic ring cover and the static ring cover are: (1) protecting the magnetic bearing and enhancing its impact resistance and load capacity; (2) protecting the magnetic bearing and preventing it from being damaged during the assembly process; (3) enhancing the stability of the operation of the magnetic bearing; (4) simplifying the assembly process requirements of the magnetic bearing to a certain extent, and also extending the service life of the magnetic bearing.

[0106] In the present invention, the static ring and the dynamic ring of the mechanical angular self-positioning magnetic bearing are fixed in the static ring protection sleeve and the dynamic ring protection sleeve respectively by embedding. Of course, they can also be embedded and fixed by other means such as bonding.

[0107] Next, we combine Figure 4 and Figure 6 , introduces the magnetic levitation mechanical seal structure used in the magnetic levitation permanent magnet motor of the present invention.

[0108] like Figure 4 and Figure 6As shown, the magnetic levitation mechanical seal structure 6 of the present invention includes a mechanical seal housing 67, a mechanical seal static ring 61, and a mechanical seal dynamic ring 62. The mechanical seal static ring 61 and mechanical seal dynamic ring 62 are housed within the mechanical seal housing 67 (which can be a pump body or similar device housing). The motor main shaft 2 passes through the mechanical seal static ring 61, the mechanical seal dynamic ring 62, and the main shaft hole of the mechanical seal housing 67. A dynamic ring seal 64 is provided between the mechanical seal dynamic ring 62 and the motor main shaft 2, and a static ring seal 63 is provided between the mechanical seal static ring 61 and the corresponding equipment mounting component (for example, the bearing seat of a submersible pump motor, the motor housing, etc.). Thus, the contact surface between the mechanical seal static ring 61 and the mechanical seal dynamic ring 62 forms a sealing surface. A radial locking screw hole is also provided at the upper end of the mechanical seal housing 67, and a main shaft locking screw 68 is used to lock the mechanical seal housing 67 to the motor main shaft.

[0109] In the present utility model, the improvement of the magnetic suspension mechanical seal structure mainly lies in: a dynamic ring lower magnet 66 and a dynamic ring upper magnet 65 are provided above the upper surface of the mechanical seal dynamic ring 62 facing away from the mechanical seal static ring 61, and the dynamic ring upper magnet 65 is located above the dynamic ring lower magnet 66. The magnetic polarities of the opposing surfaces of the lower magnet 64 of the dynamic ring and the upper magnet 65 of the dynamic ring are the same (both are N poles or both are S poles), and a strong relative repulsive force is generated between the lower magnet 64 of the dynamic ring and the upper magnet 65 of the dynamic ring. The upper magnet 65 of the dynamic ring is in a suspended state, and the repulsive force is transmitted to the mechanical seal dynamic ring 62 through the lower magnet 66 of the dynamic ring, so that the mechanical seal dynamic ring 62 is pressed tightly against the mechanical seal static ring 61, and a sealing surface is formed on the contact surface of the mechanical seal dynamic ring 62 and the mechanical seal static ring 61, thereby achieving a seal between the mechanical seal dynamic ring 62 and the mechanical seal static ring 61, thereby isolating the external fluid medium (such as groundwater, sewage, etc.) from the interior of the mechanical seal housing 67 (such as a pump body) to avoid water entering the mechanical seal housing and causing a malfunction.

[0110] It can be seen that the magnetic levitation permanent magnet motor of the present invention adopts the above-mentioned magnetic levitation mechanical seal structure. By arranging the upper magnetic steel of the dynamic ring and the lower magnetic steel of the dynamic ring above the mechanical seal dynamic ring, the strong magnetic repulsive force generated between the two is used to press the mechanical seal dynamic ring toward the mechanical seal static ring, thereby achieving a good seal between the mechanical seal dynamic ring and the mechanical seal static ring. This changes the traditional technical means of achieving sealing between the mechanical seal dynamic ring and the mechanical seal static ring, and provides a new solution for mechanical sealing.

[0111] In the present invention, the bearing static ring 53, the bearing dynamic ring 52, the dynamic ring upper magnet 65, and the dynamic ring lower magnet 66 are all made of magnetic steel (permanent magnet). The use of magnetic steel, a permanent magnetic material, effectively prevents failures caused by demagnetization of conventional magnets or power failure of electromagnets.

[0112] The magnetic steel used in the present invention is a super-hard permanent magnetic alloy (permanent magnet), including Alnico magnetic steel, ferrite magnetic steel and NdFeB magnetic steel, among which NdFeB magnetic steel is divided into sintered NdFeB and bonded NdFeB.

[0113] As a most preferred technical solution of the present invention, the bearing static ring 53, the bearing dynamic ring 52, the dynamic ring upper magnet 65, and the dynamic ring lower magnet 66 are all made of neodymium iron boron magnets to generate strong magnetic force, and the magnetic induction intensity of the relative neodymium iron boron magnets should be equal, so as to achieve a balance of axial repulsive force. Therefore, the bearing dynamic ring is completely suspended relative to the bearing static ring and the central axis positions of the two are fixed without offset, and the dynamic ring lower magnet can be continuously and balancedly pressed on the mechanical seal dynamic ring, ensuring that the axial position of the motor main shaft is fixed without offset, thereby achieving good sealing.

[0114] For example, specifically, the present invention can use the following brands and properties of NdFeB magnets to manufacture the bearing static ring, bearing dynamic ring, dynamic ring upper magnet, and dynamic ring lower magnet:

[0115]

[0116]

[0117] For example, the maximum operating temperatures of N35H, N35SH, and N35UH can reach 120°C, 150°C, and 180°C-400°C, respectively.

[0118] Note: (1) All brands such as N35-N52, N56, and N62 are applicable to this utility model and are not limited to the brands listed in the table above.

[0119] (2) Among the various brands, the six categories of products, namely, low coercivity N, medium coercivity M, high coercivity H, extra-high coercivity SH, ultra-high coercivity UH, and extremely high coercivity EH, are all applicable to the present invention.

[0120] In the present invention, the surfaces of the bearing static ring 53, the bearing dynamic ring 52, the dynamic ring upper magnet 65, and the dynamic ring lower magnet 66 are all covered with a protective layer to prevent damage from collision or friction. These surfaces are treated with a surface coating, such as electroplating with nickel (Ni), zinc (Zn), gold (Au), or chromium (Cr), or spraying (coating) epoxy resin, to form a corresponding protective layer.

[0121] In the utility model, the bearing static ring, the bearing dynamic ring, the dynamic ring upper magnetic steel, and the dynamic ring lower magnetic steel are all demagnetized, thereby extending their service life.

[0122] In the present invention, the design range of the magnetic flux density of the magnetic steel is generally selected to be 1.0-300T, and can be selected to be 1.0-50T, 50-100T, 100-150T, 150-200T, 200-250T, 250-300T, including the endpoints of the above ranges. In addition, the midpoint values of the above ranges can also be selected, such as 25T, 75T, 125T, 175T, 225T, 275T, etc.

[0123] Moreover, the repulsive force between the bearing static ring and the bearing dynamic ring, and between the upper magnetic steel of the dynamic ring and the lower magnetic steel of the dynamic ring can have a wide range, and is designed to be 100 to 50000N according to the use environment of the magnetic levitation permanent magnet motor of the present invention and the needs of applicable equipment. For example, it can be selected as 100-2500N, 2500-5000N, 5000-7500N, 7500-10000N, 10000-12500N, 12500-15000N, 15000-17500N, 17500-20000N, 20000-22500N, 22500-25000N, 25000-2 7500N, 27500-30000N, 30000-32500N, 32500-35000N, 35000-37500N, 37500-40000N, 40000-42500N, 42500-45000N, 45000-47500N, 47500-50000N, including the endpoint values of the above ranges. And you can also choose the middle point value of the above ranges, for example, 1250N, 3750N, 6250N, 8750N, 11250N, 13750N, 16250N, 18750N, 21250N, 23750N, 26250N, 28750N, 31250N, 33750N, 36250N, 38750N, 41250N, 43750N, 46250N, 48750N, etc.

[0124] Therefore, the magnetic levitation bearing of the present invention can obtain greater bearing capacity, and the magnetic levitation mechanical seal structure can obtain greater repulsive force, thereby ensuring that the supporting effect of the magnetic levitation bearing and the sealing effect of the magnetic levitation mechanical seal structure are good and the performance is stable.

[0125] In the present invention, after long-term use, some of the magnets in the magnetic bearing and magnetic mechanical seal structure may fail. For general applications, the magnets can be integrated. For applications requiring greater load-bearing capacity, the bearing static ring, bearing dynamic ring, dynamic ring upper magnet, and dynamic ring lower magnet can be assembled using laminated, assembled, or slotted magnetic steel sheets. This facilitates replacement of some of the magnetic laminations, ensuring greater load-bearing capacity while significantly reducing maintenance costs.

[0126] like Figure 4 As shown, the decompression sleeve assembly 7 fixed at the bottom of the casing 1 includes a decompression sleeve 71, a decompression sleeve bottom cover 73 and a decompression sleeve return spring 72 arranged between the decompression sleeve 71 and the decompression sleeve bottom cover 73. The center of the decompression sleeve bottom cover 73 is also provided with a bottom cover exhaust hole.

[0127] like Figure 4 As shown, the magnetic levitation permanent magnet motor of the present invention further includes a motor base 8, which is fixed to the bottom of the motor housing 1 by base positioning screws 81. Preferably, the motor main shaft 2 is made of high-quality high-hardness stainless steel.

[0128] like Figure 4 As shown, the magnetic levitation permanent magnet motor of the present invention also includes a sand-proof shield 9, and the mechanical seal structure 6 is sealedly arranged in the sand-proof shield 9. The mechanical seal structure 6 is connected and sealed to the sand-proof shield 9 through the mechanical seal shell 67, which is used to isolate the mechanical seal structure 6 from the external fluid; especially when used in submersible pumps, deep well pumps, etc., it can prevent sand, stones, mud and other debris in the water from entering the mechanical seal structure or entering the interior of the magnetic levitation permanent magnet motor.

[0129] According to the above detailed description and analysis of the specific embodiments of the present invention, it can be seen that:

[0130] The magnetic levitation permanent magnet motor of the present invention utilizes the mechanical angular self-positioning magnetic levitation bearing of the present invention, thereby enhancing the bearing's load-bearing capacity, improving its suspension rigidity and support reliability, and making the operation of the motor's main shaft and rotor more stable, thereby ensuring the high speed requirements of the motor's main shaft. Therefore, the present invention fundamentally avoids the product failure problem caused by the easy failure of ordinary bearings or electromagnetic levitation bearings, solves the problem of short lifespan caused by friction damage in general angular bearings, deep groove ball bearings, and sleeve thrust bearings, and solves the technical problem of general bearings generating heat energy due to high-speed friction affecting motor insulation.

[0131] The magnetic levitation permanent magnet motor of this utility model utilizes the magnetic levitation mechanical seal structure of this utility model, fundamentally avoiding the problem of product failure caused by the easy failure of springs or electromagnets, greatly improving the reliability of the mechanical seal. The use of this sealing structure also facilitates further increase of the motor speed.

[0132] Moreover, the magnetic levitation permanent magnet motor of the present invention uses magnetic steel (permanent magnet) to manufacture the bearing static ring, bearing dynamic ring, dynamic ring upper magnetic steel and dynamic ring lower magnetic steel, which does not consume electricity, is energy-saving and environmentally friendly, and greatly reduces energy consumption compared to motors using electromagnets.

[0133] In summary, the magnetic levitation permanent magnet motor of the present invention adopts the above-mentioned mechanical angular self-positioning magnetic levitation bearing and magnetic levitation mechanical seal structure, which has better sealing effect, more stable operation, higher efficiency, more energy saving and consumption reduction, can significantly extend the service life, and makes maintenance more convenient, and further reduces maintenance costs.

[0134] The magnetic levitation permanent magnet motor of this utility model is suitable for any application requiring a motor to provide driving force, and has a wide range of applications, including, but not limited to, submersible pumps, deep well pumps, pipeline pumps, sewage pumps, molecular pumps, centrifuges, and flywheel energy storage power supply units.

[0135] The rated power range of the magnetic levitation permanent magnet motor designed according to the present invention can be designed to be 0.5-45kw, 55-275kw, and 290-850kw, specifically: 0.5-3kw, 4-11kw, 15-36kw, 37-45kw; 55-90kw, 100-150kw, 165-200kw, 210-275kw; 290-350kw, 360-450kw, 450-700kw, 700-850kw, etc.

[0136] As an application example of the magnetic levitation permanent magnet motor of the present invention, the present invention provides and claims protection for a water pump having the magnetic levitation permanent magnet motor.

[0137] like Figure 4 As shown, and see Figure 1 The water pump of the present utility model includes a pump body, an impeller, a drive shaft, a guide housing, and the magnetic levitation permanent magnet motor. The output end of the motor main shaft 2 of the magnetic levitation permanent magnet motor is connected to the drive shaft via a coupling, and the impeller mounted on the drive shaft is housed in the guide housing. The guide housing is made of food-grade stainless steel. Of course, as a water pump, it should also be equipped with components such as an impeller water inlet, a water outlet pipe, and a pump frame.

[0138] The specific embodiments described above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention. The preferred embodiments do not describe all structures and details in detail. They are only intended to clearly explain the design principles, inventive concepts, and practical applications of the present invention so that those skilled in the art can better understand and utilize them. According to the contents of this specification, corresponding modifications and variations can be made. Any technical solution obtained by modifying the design principles and inventive concepts of the present invention without creative effort shall be deemed to be within the scope of protection claimed by the present invention.

Claims

1. A magnetic levitation permanent magnet motor, comprising a housing (1) and a motor shaft (2) extending through the central axis of the housing (1), wherein a motor stator (4) is fixed in the housing (1), and a motor rotor (3) is fixed on the motor shaft (2) in the housing (1), wherein the motor rotor (3) is arranged opposite to the motor stator (4); and characterized in that: In the housing (1), mechanical angular self-positioning magnetic bearings (5) for supporting the rotation of the motor main shaft (2) are respectively provided at both ends of the motor main shaft (2); the magnetic bearing (5) comprises a bearing dynamic ring (52) and a bearing static ring (53) nested with each other, and the relative working surfaces of the bearing dynamic ring (52) and the bearing static ring (53) are inclined surfaces, and the magnetic polarities of the relative working surfaces are the same; Outside the housing (1), a magnetic suspension mechanical seal structure (6) is provided at the outer end of the motor main shaft (2) for isolating and sealing the magnetic suspension permanent magnet motor from the external environment; It also comprises a sand-proof shield (9), wherein the mechanical sealing structure (6) is sealingly arranged in the sand-proof shield (9).

2. The magnetic levitation permanent magnet motor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The magnetic bearing (5) further comprises a bearing seat for accommodating the bearing dynamic ring (52) and the bearing static ring (53); the bearing dynamic ring (52) is accommodated and fixed in a dynamic ring sleeve (51), and the dynamic ring sleeve (51) is fixedly connected to the motor main shaft (2); the bearing static ring (53) is accommodated and fixed in a static ring sleeve (54), and the static ring sleeve (54) is accommodated and fixed in the corresponding bearing seat.

3. The magnetic levitation permanent magnet motor according to claim 2, characterized in that: The bearing movable ring (52) is nested inside the bearing static ring (53); the bearing movable ring (52) is a truncated cone with a central hole, and the bearing static ring (53) is a hollow cylinder, the shape of the hollow part of which is adapted to the truncated cone of the bearing movable ring (52).

4. The magnetic levitation permanent magnet motor according to claim 3, characterized in that: The angle of the generatrix of the frustum relative to the central axis of the frustum is 30-60 degrees.

5. The magnetic levitation permanent magnet motor according to claim 4, characterized in that: The angle is 32-58 degrees.

6. The magnetic levitation permanent magnet motor according to claim 5, characterized in that: The angle is 35-55 degrees.

7. The magnetic levitation permanent magnet motor according to claim 6, characterized in that: The angle is 37-52 degrees.

8. The magnetic levitation permanent magnet motor according to claim 7, characterized in that: The angle is 38-51 degrees.

9. The magnetic levitation permanent magnet motor according to claim 8, characterized in that: The angle is 40-50 degrees.

10. The magnetic levitation permanent magnet motor according to claim 9, characterized in that: The angle is 42-48 degrees.

11. The magnetic levitation permanent magnet motor according to claim 10, characterized in that: The angle is 44-46 degrees.

12. The magnetic levitation permanent magnet motor according to claim 11, characterized in that: The angle is 45 degrees.

13. The magnetic levitation permanent magnet motor according to any one of claims 4 to 12, characterized in that: The bearing movable ring (52) has a center hole, and the movable ring sleeve (51) is nested in the center hole and covers the bottom surface of the bearing movable ring (52); the stationary ring sleeve (54) is sleeved on the outer periphery of the bearing stationary ring (53) and covers the bearing stationary ring (53); the stationary ring sleeve (54) is coaxial with the movable ring sleeve (51).

14. The magnetic levitation permanent magnet motor according to claim 13, characterized in that: The mechanical seal structure (6) comprises a mechanical seal housing (67) and a mechanical seal static ring (61) and a mechanical seal dynamic ring (62) accommodated in the mechanical seal housing (67); a dynamic ring lower magnet (66) and a dynamic ring upper magnet (65) are provided on the upper surface of the mechanical seal dynamic ring (62) facing away from the mechanical seal static ring (61); the magnetic polarity of the opposing surfaces of the dynamic ring lower magnet (66) and the dynamic ring upper magnet (65) are the same, and a sealing surface is formed on the contact surface between the mechanical seal dynamic ring (62) and the mechanical seal static ring (61).

15. The magnetic levitation permanent magnet motor according to claim 14, characterized in that: A dynamic ring seal (64) is provided between the mechanical seal dynamic ring (62) and the motor main shaft (2), and a static ring seal (63) is provided between the mechanical seal static ring (61) and a corresponding mounting component of the magnetic suspension permanent magnet motor.

16. The magnetic levitation permanent magnet motor according to claim 15, characterized in that: The materials of the bearing static ring (53), the bearing dynamic ring (52), the dynamic ring upper magnetic steel (65), and the dynamic ring lower magnetic steel (66) are all magnetic steel, selected from aluminum nickel cobalt magnetic steel, ferrite magnetic steel or neodymium iron boron magnetic steel.

17. The magnetic levitation permanent magnet motor according to claim 16, characterized in that: The magnetic flux density of the magnetic steel is in the range of 1.0-300T.

18. The magnetic levitation permanent magnet motor according to claim 17, characterized in that: The magnetic flux density of the magnetic steel is 1.0-50T, including the end points of 1.0T and 50T and the midpoint of 25T.

19. The magnetic levitation permanent magnet motor according to claim 17, characterized in that: The magnetic flux density of the magnetic steel is 50-100T, including the end value 100T and the midpoint value 75T of the range.

20. The magnetic levitation permanent magnet motor according to claim 17, characterized in that: The magnetic flux density of the magnetic steel is 100-150T, including the end value 150T and the midpoint value 125T of the range.

21. The magnetic levitation permanent magnet motor according to claim 17, characterized in that: The magnetic flux density of the magnetic steel is 150-200T, including the end value of 200T and the midpoint value of 175T.

22. The magnetic levitation permanent magnet motor according to claim 17, characterized in that: The magnetic flux density of the magnetic steel is 200-250T, including the end value of 250T and the midpoint value of 225T.

23. The magnetic levitation permanent magnet motor according to claim 17, characterized in that: The magnetic flux density of the magnetic steel is 250-300T, including the end value of 300T and the midpoint value of 275T.

24. The magnetic levitation permanent magnet motor according to any one of claims 14 to 23, characterized in that: The repulsive force between the bearing static ring (53) and the bearing dynamic ring (52), and the repulsive force between the dynamic ring upper magnetic steel (65) and the dynamic ring lower magnetic steel (66) are 100-50000N.

25. The magnetic levitation permanent magnet motor according to claim 24, characterized in that: The repulsive force is 100-2500N, including the end points of 100N and 2500N and the middle point of 1250N.

26. The magnetic levitation permanent magnet motor according to claim 24, characterized in that: The repulsive force is 2500-5000N, including the end point value of 5000N and the midpoint value of 3750N.

27. The magnetic levitation permanent magnet motor according to claim 24, characterized in that: The repulsive force is 5000-7500N, including the end point value of 7500N and the midpoint value of 6250N.

28. The magnetic levitation permanent magnet motor according to claim 24, characterized in that: The repulsive force is 7500-10000N, including the end point value of 10000N and the midpoint value of 8750N.

29. The magnetic levitation permanent magnet motor according to claim 24, characterized in that: The repulsive force is 10000-12500N, including the end point value of 12500N and the midpoint value of 11250N.

30. The magnetic levitation permanent magnet motor according to claim 24, characterized in that: The repulsive force is 12500-15000N, including the end point value of 15000N and the midpoint value of 13750N.

31. The magnetic levitation permanent magnet motor according to claim 24, characterized in that: The repulsive force is 15000-17500N, including the end point value of 17500N and the midpoint value of 16250N.

32. The magnetic levitation permanent magnet motor according to claim 24, characterized in that: The repulsive force is 17500-20000N, including the end point value of 20000N and the midpoint value of 18750N.

33. The magnetic levitation permanent magnet motor according to claim 24, characterized in that: The repulsive force is 20000-22500N, including the end point value of 22500N and the midpoint value of 21250N.

34. The magnetic levitation permanent magnet motor according to claim 24, characterized in that: The repulsive force is 22500-25000N, including the end point value of 25000N and the midpoint value of 23750N.

35. The magnetic levitation permanent magnet motor according to claim 24, characterized in that: The repulsive force is 27500-30000N, including the end point value of 30000N and the midpoint value of 28750N.

36. The magnetic levitation permanent magnet motor according to claim 24, characterized in that: The repulsive force is 30000-32500N, including the end point value of 32500N and the midpoint value of 31250N.

37. The magnetic levitation permanent magnet motor according to claim 24, characterized in that: The repulsive force is 32500-35000N, including the end point value of 35000N and the midpoint value of 33750N.

38. The magnetic levitation permanent magnet motor according to claim 24, characterized in that: The repulsive force is 35000-37500N, including the end point value of 37500N and the midpoint value of 36250N.

39. The magnetic levitation permanent magnet motor according to claim 24, characterized in that: The repulsive force is 37500-40000N, including the end point value of 40000N and the midpoint value of 38750N.

40. The magnetic levitation permanent magnet motor according to claim 24, characterized in that: The repulsive force is 40000-42500N, including the end point value of 42500N and the midpoint value of 41250N.

41. The magnetic levitation permanent magnet motor according to claim 24, characterized in that: The repulsive force is 42500-45000N, including the end point value of 45000N and the midpoint value of 43750N.

42. The magnetic levitation permanent magnet motor according to claim 24, characterized in that: The repulsive force is 45000-47500N, including the end point value of 47500N and the midpoint value of 46250N.

43. The magnetic levitation permanent magnet motor according to claim 24, characterized in that: The repulsive force is 47500-50000N, including the end point value of 50000N and the midpoint value of 48750N.

44. The magnetic levitation permanent magnet motor according to any one of claims 25 to 43, characterized in that: The suspension air gap between the relative working surfaces of the bearing static ring (53) and the bearing dynamic ring (52), and the suspension air gap between the relative surfaces of the dynamic ring upper magnetic steel (65) and the dynamic ring lower magnetic steel (66) are 0.2-3 mm.

45. The magnetic levitation permanent magnet motor according to claim 44, characterized in that: The suspension air gap is 0.3-2 mm.

46. The magnetic levitation permanent magnet motor according to claim 45, characterized in that: The suspension air gap is 0.5-1.2 mm.

47. The magnetic levitation permanent magnet motor according to claim 45, characterized in that: The suspension air gap is 0.3-0.5 mm.

48. The magnetic levitation permanent magnet motor according to claim 44, characterized in that: The bearing static ring (53), the bearing dynamic ring (52), the dynamic ring upper magnetic steel (65), and the dynamic ring lower magnetic steel (66) are subjected to demagnetization treatment.

49. The magnetic levitation permanent magnet motor according to any one of claims 45 to 47, characterized in that: The bearing static ring (53), the bearing dynamic ring (52), the dynamic ring upper magnetic steel (65), and the dynamic ring lower magnetic steel (66) are subjected to demagnetization treatment.

50. The magnetic levitation permanent magnet motor according to claim 49, characterized in that: The bearing static ring (53), the bearing dynamic ring (52), the dynamic ring upper magnetic steel (65), and the dynamic ring lower magnetic steel (66) are assembled by splicing and assembling laminated, assembled, or slotted magnetic steel sheets.

51. The magnetic levitation permanent magnet motor according to claim 48, characterized in that: The bearing static ring (53), the bearing dynamic ring (52), the dynamic ring upper magnetic steel (65), and the dynamic ring lower magnetic steel (66) are assembled by splicing and assembling laminated, assembled, or slotted magnetic steel sheets.

52. The magnetic levitation permanent magnet motor according to claim 50 or 51, characterized in that: The magnetic suspension bearing (5) is provided with a protective ring (57) between the dynamic ring sleeve (51) and the motor main shaft (2).

53. The magnetic levitation permanent magnet motor according to claim 52, characterized in that: The surfaces of the bearing static ring (53), the bearing dynamic ring (52), the dynamic ring upper magnetic steel (65), and the dynamic ring lower magnetic steel (66) are all covered with a protective layer, and the protective layer is an electroplated nickel layer, a zinc layer, a gold layer or a chromium layer, or a sprayed epoxy resin layer.

54. The magnetic levitation permanent magnet motor according to claim 53, characterized in that: The dynamic ring sheath (51) is made of a stainless steel body inlaid with a high-density composite alloy material selected from composite low-temperature silicon carbide, silicon nitride, boron carbide, antimony-impregnated graphite, YG5 or W1.

55. The magnetic levitation permanent magnet motor according to claim 53 or 54, characterized in that: The static ring jacket (54) is made of a high-density hot-pressed composite material selected from composite low-temperature silicon carbide, silicon nitride, boron carbide, antimony-impregnated graphite, YG5 or W1.

56. The magnetic levitation permanent magnet motor according to claim 55, characterized in that: A decompression sleeve assembly (7) is provided at the bottom of the casing (1), the decompression sleeve assembly (7) comprising a decompression sleeve (71), a decompression sleeve bottom cover (73), and a decompression sleeve return spring (72) provided between the decompression sleeve (71) and the decompression sleeve bottom cover (73), wherein a bottom cover exhaust hole is provided at the center of the decompression sleeve bottom cover (73).

57. A water pump comprising a pump body, an impeller, a drive shaft and a guide casing, characterized in that: It also includes a magnetic levitation permanent magnet motor according to any one of claims 1 to 56, wherein the output end of the motor main shaft (2) of the magnetic levitation permanent magnet motor is connected to the drive shaft through a coupling, and the impeller is mounted on the drive shaft and accommodated in the guide shell.

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