Wide-temperature-zone efficient activated carbon filter screen

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of air purification, in particular to a wide-temperature-zone efficient activated carbon filter screen which comprises a filter assembly with a multi-layer structure, a heat conduction layer (5), a phase change material layer (6) and a supporting frame (7). The filter assembly is formed by alternately arranging active carbon particle layers (1, 2 and 3) and fiber material layers (4) with different pore diameters and is used for providing a basic adsorption function; the heat conduction layer (5) is combined with the phase change material layer (6), so that the temperature fluctuation of a wide temperature area is effectively controlled; and the support frame (7) adopts a honeycomb design to enhance the overall strength and facilitate maintenance. The active carbon filter screen solves the problem of unstable adsorption performance of the active carbon filter screen in a wide temperature range in the prior art, can keep good adsorption efficiency especially under high and low temperature conditions, and is suitable for the fields of air purification, water treatment and the like.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of air purification and water treatment, in particular to a high-efficiency activated carbon filter screen with a wide temperature range. Background Art

[0002] In the fields of air purification and water treatment, activated carbon filters are a key pollutant removal device, with applications ranging from household air purifiers to industrial waste gas treatment systems. Activated carbon, with its large surface area and rich microporous structure, effectively adsorbs and fixes a variety of harmful gases and organic pollutants. However, with the diversification of application environments, particularly operating conditions with wide temperature fluctuations, the performance stability of existing activated carbon filters faces severe challenges.

[0003] Temperature is a significant factor influencing the adsorption performance of activated carbon. Activated carbon generally has higher adsorption efficiency at low temperatures because the low temperature helps gas molecules stay on the activated carbon surface. Conversely, at high temperatures, the thermal motion of gas molecules increases, causing more molecules to desorb from the activated carbon surface, thereby reducing adsorption efficiency. This temperature dependence limits the effectiveness of activated carbon filters within a wide temperature range (e.g., -20°C to 80°C).

[0004] While the industry has attempted to improve the performance of activated carbon at different temperatures through methods such as material modification, structural optimization, and the addition of auxiliary adsorbents, these improvements are often only effective within specific temperature ranges. For example, some modified activated carbons exhibit excellent adsorption capacity at low temperatures, but their performance rapidly declines at high temperatures; while other materials, while resistant to high temperatures, exhibit insufficient adsorption efficiency at low temperatures. Therefore, developing an activated carbon filter that can maintain efficient and stable adsorption performance across a wide temperature range remains a pressing technical challenge in this field.

[0005] In summary, the performance limitations of current activated carbon filters in wide temperature range environments not only restrict their use in a wider range of applications, but also prompt the industry to seek more innovative and effective solutions. The present utility model aims to overcome the shortcomings of existing technologies through specific material selection and structural design, and realize a high-efficiency activated carbon filter that is truly adaptable to a wide temperature range. Utility Model Content

[0006] The utility model proposes a wide temperature range high-efficiency activated carbon filter, which aims to solve the problem of unstable adsorption performance of activated carbon filters in the existing technology under a wide temperature range environment, especially the technical bottleneck of significantly reduced adsorption efficiency under high temperature conditions.

[0007] The wide-temperature-range, high-efficiency activated carbon filter described in this utility model comprises a multi-layered filter assembly, a heat-conducting layer, a phase-change material layer, and a support frame. The filter assembly is composed of alternating layers of activated carbon particles and fiber materials of varying pore sizes, providing a basic adsorption function. The heat-conducting layer is positioned outside the filter assembly to balance the temperature distribution within the filter. The phase-change material layer, sandwiched between the heat-conducting layer and the support frame, absorbs or releases heat through phase change during temperature fluctuations, thereby regulating the operating temperature of the entire filter. The support frame secures and supports the various functional layers and ensures the stability of the overall structure.

[0008] The filter assembly comprises at least three layers of activated carbon granules with varying pore sizes and two layers of fiber material: a first layer, a second layer, and a third layer. The first layer, located on the outermost side, has larger pores and is used to initially intercept large particles of pollutants. The second layer, located in the middle, has smaller pores and is primarily used to adsorb fine particles. The third layer, located on the innermost side, has the smallest pores and is used to further enhance adsorption efficiency. Two layers of fiber material are positioned between the first and second layers, and between the second and third layers, respectively, to increase the mechanical strength of the filter and prevent particles from falling out.

[0009] Furthermore, the thermally conductive layer is made of a high-thermal-conductivity metal material, such as copper or aluminum alloy, and has a thickness of 0.5 mm to 1 mm. The thermally conductive layer is fixed to the outside of the filter assembly by spot welding or bonding, and is in close contact with the phase-change material layer. This thermally conductive layer can quickly and evenly transfer the ambient temperature to the phase-change material, thereby preventing localized overheating or overcooling.

[0010] The phase-change material layer is made of a reversible phase-change material, such as paraffin or an organic salt complex, with a melting point range of 20°C to 40°C. This phase-change material releases stored heat at low temperatures, improving the activated carbon's adsorption performance. At high temperatures, the phase-change material melts and absorbs excess heat from the surrounding environment, reducing temperature fluctuations within the filter and ensuring optimal adsorption even under these conditions.

[0011] Furthermore, the support frame is made of lightweight, corrosion-resistant metal or engineering plastic, such as stainless steel or polypropylene, and features a honeycomb structure to minimize air flow resistance and enhance overall strength. The support frame is connected to the thermally conductive layer via a snap-fit ​​mechanism, enabling quick disassembly and assembly of the various functional modules for easy maintenance and replacement.

[0012] The first, second, and third activated carbon granules are made of activated carbon materials with different surface areas and porosities. The first activated carbon granules have a larger specific surface area (500-800 m² / g) and are used for primary interception of larger pollutants. The second activated carbon granules have a specific surface area of ​​800-1200 m² / g and are mainly used for deep adsorption of fine pollutants. The third activated carbon granules have a specific surface area exceeding 1200 m² / g and are used for the efficient removal of extremely fine pollutants and gaseous harmful substances (such as formaldehyde and benzene). This graded design effectively captures pollutants of different types and sizes while also extending the overall service life.

[0013] To further enhance adsorption performance at low temperatures, the third activated carbon particles are doped with a certain proportion (5%-10%) of nitrogen-doped graphene powder. This powder has excellent charge transfer capabilities, which improves the capture of polar molecules under low-temperature conditions. Furthermore, a small amount of metal oxide nanocatalyst (such as titanium dioxide TiO2) is embedded throughout the filter assembly to catalyze the decomposition of certain volatile organic compounds (VOCs) under ultraviolet light, further enhancing purification efficiency.

[0014] Working principle and beneficial effects:

[0015] This utility model uses a multi-aperture graded design to gradually intercept pollutants of different sizes, effectively extending the service life of the entire filter. At the same time, the fiber material clamping structure avoids the problem of activated carbon particles falling off, ensuring stable performance during long-term use.

[0016] By combining a thermally conductive layer with a phase-change material, effective control of temperature fluctuations within a wide operating temperature range (-20°C to 80°C) is achieved. At low temperatures, the phase-change material releases stored heat, improving adsorption performance in these environments. At high temperatures, the phase-change material melts and absorbs excess heat, thus avoiding the problem of decreased adsorption efficiency caused by high temperatures.

[0017] The inclusion of nitrogen-doped graphene powder within the third activated carbon particles effectively enhances their ability to capture polar molecules at low temperatures, enabling the present invention to maintain excellent purification performance even in cold climates. Furthermore, the inclusion of nanocatalysts enables a degree of photocatalytic degradation, further enhancing its ability to remove harmful gaseous substances such as formaldehyde and benzene.

[0018] The support frame adopts a honeycomb design, which not only reduces the air flow resistance, but also enhances the overall structural strength. At the same time, its modular design makes it easy for users to disassemble, clean or replace it, greatly improving the convenience of product use and maintenance cost control. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the utility model's wide temperature range high-efficiency activated carbon filter, wherein 1 is the first activated carbon particle layer, 2 is the second activated carbon particle layer, 3 is the third activated carbon particle layer, 4 is the fiber material layer, 5 is the heat conductive layer, 6 is the phase change material layer, and 7 is the support frame.

[0020] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the filter component of the present invention, which shows in detail the alternating arrangement structure of the activated carbon particle layer and the fiber material layer, where 1 is the first activated carbon particle layer, 2 is the second activated carbon particle layer, 3 is the third activated carbon particle layer, and 4 is the fiber material layer.

[0021] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the heat-conducting layer and the phase-change material layer of the present invention, showing how the heat-conducting layer is in close contact with the phase-change material layer to achieve the temperature regulation function, where 5 is the heat-conducting layer and 6 is the phase-change material layer.

[0022] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the structure of the support frame of the present invention, showing its honeycomb design to reduce air flow resistance and enhance overall strength, where 7 is the support frame.

[0023] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the microstructure of the third activated carbon particle layer of the present invention, showing the doping structure of nitrogen-doped graphene powder and activated carbon particles, where 3 is the third activated carbon particle layer and 8 is the nitrogen-doped graphene powder.

[0024] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the modular design of the filter screen of the present invention, showing how each functional module is connected to the support frame through a snap-fit ​​structure for easy disassembly and replacement, where 7 is the support frame and 9 is the snap-fit ​​structure.

[0025] Component and subassembly designator lists

[0026] 1: First activated carbon particle layer; 2: Second activated carbon particle layer; 3: Third activated carbon particle layer; 4: Fiber material layer; 5: Thermal conductive layer; 6: Phase change material layer; 7: Support frame; 8: Nitrogen-doped graphene powder; 9: Snap-fit ​​structure.

[0027] See also Figure 1 and Figure 2 This embodiment provides a high-efficiency activated carbon filter with a wide temperature range. Its structure includes a multi-layered filter assembly, a thermally conductive layer, a phase change material layer, and a support frame. This filter aims to address the technical bottleneck of unstable adsorption performance of activated carbon filters in a wide temperature range, particularly the significant decrease in adsorption efficiency at high temperatures.

[0028] First, the filter assembly is composed of three layers of activated carbon particles (1, 2, 3) with different pore sizes and two layers of fiber material (4) arranged alternately. The first activated carbon particle layer 1 is located on the outermost side and has a larger pore size, which is used to initially intercept large particle pollutants; the second activated carbon particle layer 2 is located in the middle and has a smaller pore size, which is mainly used to adsorb fine pollutants; the third activated carbon particle layer 3 is located on the innermost side and has the smallest pore size, which is used to further improve the adsorption efficiency. The two layers of fiber material 4 are respectively arranged between the first activated carbon particle layer 1 and the second activated carbon particle layer 2, and between the second activated carbon particle layer 2 and the third activated carbon particle layer 3, to increase mechanical strength and prevent particles from falling off.

[0029] Second, see Figure 3 The heat-conducting layer 5 is positioned outside the entire filter assembly and secured to its surface by spot welding or adhesive bonding. The heat-conducting layer 5 is made of a high-thermal-conductivity metal material, such as copper or aluminum alloy, and has a thickness of 0.5 to 1 mm. This design quickly and evenly transfers the ambient temperature to the phase-change material 6, preventing localized overheating or overcooling. Furthermore, the heat-conducting layer 5 maintains close contact with the phase-change material 6, ensuring rapid internal temperature adjustment during temperature fluctuations.

[0030] Phase change material 6 is sandwiched between the heat-conducting layer 5 and the support frame 7. Made from a reversible phase-change material, such as paraffin or an organic salt complex, it has a melting point between 20°C and 40°C. At low temperatures, the phase change material 6 releases stored heat, improving adsorption performance in these conditions. At high temperatures, the phase change material 6 melts and absorbs excess heat from the surrounding environment, reducing temperature fluctuations within the filter and ensuring optimal adsorption even under these conditions.

[0031] Finally, see Figure 4 The support frame 7 is made of lightweight, corrosion-resistant metal or engineering plastic, such as stainless steel or polypropylene, and features a honeycomb structure. This honeycomb design not only reduces air flow resistance but also enhances overall structural strength. Furthermore, the various functional modules are connected via a snap-fit ​​structure 9, allowing for convenient disassembly, cleaning, and replacement, significantly improving product usability and reducing maintenance costs.

[0032] The operating principle is as follows: When air passes through the wide-temperature-range, high-efficiency activated carbon filter, pollutants of varying sizes are sequentially intercepted by the first, second, and third activated carbon particles (1, 2, 3), each with different pore sizes. Simultaneously, in extreme climates, such as cold weather, the phase change material (6) releases stored heat to enhance adsorption capacity at low temperatures. In hot weather, the phase change material (6) melts to absorb excess heat, preventing overheating inside the filter that could affect adsorption. A honeycomb support frame (7) ensures smooth air flow while enhancing the overall structural strength, enabling the system to operate stably and long-term. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] See also Figure 5 This embodiment further optimizes the microstructure of the third activated carbon particles 3 to enhance their ability to remove extremely fine pollutants and gaseous harmful substances (such as formaldehyde and benzene). A certain proportion (5%-10%) of nitrogen-doped graphene powder 8 is doped into the third activated carbon particles 3. This powder has excellent charge transfer capabilities, effectively enhancing its ability to capture polar molecules under low-temperature conditions. This ensures that the present invention maintains excellent purification effects even in cold climates.

[0034] Furthermore, to further enhance purification efficiency, a small amount of metal oxide nanocatalysts (such as titanium dioxide TiO2) are embedded throughout the filter assembly. These catalysts catalytically decompose certain volatile organic compounds (VOCs) under ultraviolet light. This photocatalytic degradation function enables the filter to not only passively capture pollutants but also actively decompose some difficult-to-remove gaseous harmful substances, further enhancing its purification efficiency.

[0035] See also Figure 6 The modular design of this embodiment allows users to quickly replace different functional modules based on actual needs. For example, when a damaged or failed component needs to be replaced, the corresponding component can be simply removed from the support frame 7 using the snap structure 9, without having to replace the entire device. This design significantly reduces maintenance costs and increases the service life of the device.

[0036] The working principle is as follows: When air containing extremely fine pollutants and gaseous harmful substances (such as formaldehyde, benzene, etc.) enters the area where the third activated carbon particles 3 are located, the nitrogen-doped graphene powder 8 has good charge transfer ability and can effectively capture these extremely fine pollutants. The nanocatalyst embedded in it will use ultraviolet radiation to produce a photocatalytic reaction, breaking down certain volatile organic pollutants into harmless small molecules, thereby achieving a more thorough and efficient purification effect. During this process, each functional module can be quickly disassembled and replaced as needed, so that the equipment is always in optimal working condition, while also reducing the difficulty and cost of maintenance.

[0037] The above are all preferred embodiments of the present application, and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present application. Therefore, any equivalent changes made based on the structure, shape, and principle of the present application should be included in the scope of protection of the present application.

Claims

1. A high-efficiency activated carbon filter with a wide temperature range, comprising a filter assembly, a heat-conducting layer, a phase change material layer, and a support frame, characterized in that: The filter assembly is composed of at least three layers of activated carbon particle layers with different pore sizes and two layers of fiber material layers arranged alternately, wherein the first activated carbon particle layer (1) is located at the outermost side, the second activated carbon particle layer (2) is located in the middle, and the third activated carbon particle layer (3) is located at the innermost side; the fiber material layer (4) is respectively arranged between the first activated carbon particle layer (1) and the second activated carbon particle layer (2), and between the second activated carbon particle layer (2) and the third activated carbon particle layer (3); the heat-conducting layer (5) is arranged on the outer side of the filter assembly; the phase change material layer (6) is sandwiched between the heat-conducting layer (5) and the support frame (7); and the support frame (7) is used to fix and support each functional layer.

2. The wide temperature range high-efficiency activated carbon filter according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heat-conducting layer (5) is made of a metal material with high thermal conductivity and has a thickness of 0.5 mm to 1 mm. It is fixed to the outside of the filter assembly by spot welding or bonding and is in close contact with the phase change material layer (6).

3. The wide temperature range high-efficiency activated carbon filter according to claim 1, characterized in that: The phase change material layer (6) is made of a reversible phase change material, and the melting point range is set between 20°C and 40°C.

4. The wide temperature range high-efficiency activated carbon filter according to claim 1, characterized in that: The support frame (7) is made of lightweight corrosion-resistant metal or engineering plastic, has a honeycomb structure, and is connected to the heat-conducting layer (5) via a snap-fit ​​structure (9).

5. The wide temperature range high efficiency activated carbon filter according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first activated carbon particle layer (1) has a large specific surface area of ​​500-800 m² / g, the second activated carbon particle layer (2) has a specific surface area of ​​800-1200 m² / g, and the third activated carbon particle layer (3) has a specific surface area exceeding 1200 m² / g.

6. The wide temperature range high efficiency activated carbon filter according to claim 1, characterized in that: The third activated carbon particle layer (3) is doped with nitrogen-doped graphene powder (8), with a doping ratio of 5%-10%.

7. The wide temperature range high efficiency activated carbon filter according to claim 1, characterized in that: A small amount of metal oxide nanocatalyst is embedded in the filter component.

8. The wide temperature range high efficiency activated carbon filter according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fiber material layer (4) is used to increase the mechanical strength of the filter screen and prevent the activated carbon particles from falling off.

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