High-precision quick tool changing interface structure

Abstract

A high-precision quick tool changing connector structure comprises a tool handle, a positioning sleeve, a tool and a tensioning screw, one end of the tool handle is provided with a thick hole, the other end of the tool handle is provided with a fixing hole, the tool handle is provided with a first threaded hole communicated with the thick hole and the fixing hole, the tool comprises a tool bar and a tool bit connected to the tool bar, and one end of the tool bar is provided with a second threaded hole. The tensioning screw comprises a first screw inserted into the first threaded hole in a threaded mode, a middle rod coaxially and fixedly connected to the end, away from the thick hole, of the first screw and a second screw inserted into the second threaded hole in a threaded mode, the positioning sleeve is fixedly inserted into the fixing hole, and a first positioning hole allowing the second screw and the middle rod to penetrate is formed in the end, close to the thick hole, of the positioning sleeve. The end, away from the thick hole, of the positioning sleeve is provided with a second positioning hole allowing the cutter bar to be inserted, the outer circumferential wall of the cutter bar is attached to the inner circumferential wall of the second positioning hole, the positioning sleeve is provided with a middle hole communicating with the first positioning hole and the second positioning hole, and the end face, close to the thick hole, of the cutter head abuts against the end face of the positioning sleeve.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of machining tools, and in particular to a high-precision rapid tool-changing interface structure. Background Art

[0002] With the development of high-speed electric spindle manufacturing and control technology, high-speed machining has become a trend in mechanical processing, and its application areas are becoming increasingly broad. The spindle speed of high-speed machining machine tools is ten times or more higher than that of traditional machine tools, which places higher demands on the dynamic balance accuracy of high-speed rotating parts. HSK toolholders are the handles of high-speed cutting tools. They have become a key part of high-speed cutting and machining manufacturing technology, and they have high system accuracy, system rigidity, and dynamic balance.

[0003] The tool and handle are welded together, non-detachably. When the tool wears out or otherwise fails to meet machining requirements, both tool and handle are discarded, resulting in material waste. To address this issue, researchers in related fields have developed separate tools and handles, removably connecting them via threads. This allows for reuse and reduces material consumption. However, this threaded connection reduces tool assembly precision, thereby reducing tool machining accuracy, necessitating further improvements. Utility Model Content

[0004] In order to improve the assembly accuracy of the tool, the present application provides a high-precision quick tool change interface structure.

[0005] The high-precision rapid tool change interface structure provided in this application adopts the following technical solutions:

[0006] The tool holder is affixed to the second end of the tool holder, and the tool holder has a first threaded hole connected to the first threaded hole and the second threaded hole at the other end.

[0007] By adopting the above technical solution, when installing the tool, the tool rod on the tool is first inserted into the second positioning hole, and the tightening screw is passed through the first threaded hole, the first positioning hole and the middle hole in sequence from the coarse hole of the tool handle, and the tightening screw is rotated so that the second screw is screwed into the second threaded hole, and the first screw is screwed and locked in the first threaded hole, thereby achieving the fixation of the tool and the tool handle, and the outer peripheral wall of the tool rod is fitted with the inner peripheral wall of the second positioning hole, reducing the radial shaking of the tool head and improving the assembly accuracy of the tool. When the tool needs to be replaced, loosen the tightening screw and pull out the tool.

[0008] Preferably, the positioning sleeve and the fixing hole are interference fit.

[0009] By adopting the above technical solution, the positioning sleeve and the fixing hole are interference-fitted, so that the positioning sleeve and the tool handle are fixed into one body, and the overall rigidity is good.

[0010] Preferably, the second positioning hole includes a tapered hole opened at the end of the positioning sleeve away from the coarse hole and a straight hole connected to the tapered hole and the middle hole, and the tool rod includes a straight rod inserted in the straight hole and a tapered rod coaxially fixedly connected to one end of the straight rod and inserted in the tapered hole, and the tapered rod is coaxially fixedly connected to one end of the tool head.

[0011] By adopting the above technical solution, the second positioning hole is formed by a tapered hole and a straight hole, so that the tool rod has a progressive positioning effect during assembly. The close fit between the tapered hole and the tapered rod has a centering effect, which can ensure that the rotation centers of the positioning sleeve and the tool rod are on the same straight line, further improving the radial positioning accuracy of the tool and improving the overall assembly accuracy.

[0012] Preferably, a first air-avoiding annular groove is provided at the connection between the inner peripheral wall of the straight hole and the inner peripheral wall of the small end of the tapered hole.

[0013] By adopting the above technical solution, a first air-avoiding annular groove is provided at the connection between the inner peripheral wall of the straight hole and the inner peripheral wall of the small end of the tapered hole to facilitate the processing of the second positioning hole.

[0014] Preferably, a second air-avoiding annular groove is provided at the connection between the outer peripheral wall of the straight rod and the outer peripheral wall of the tapered rod.

[0015] By adopting the above technical solution, a second air-avoiding ring groove is opened at the connection between the outer peripheral wall of the straight rod and the outer peripheral wall of the tapered rod. On the one hand, it facilitates the processing of the second positioning hole. On the other hand, it can effectively avoid stress concentration and improve the structural strength of the tool rod, thereby increasing the overall service life of the tool.

[0016] Preferably, a stress-reducing annular groove is provided at the connection between the outer peripheral wall of the tapered rod and the end face of the cutter head.

[0017] By adopting the above technical solution, a stress-reducing annular groove is provided at the connection between the outer peripheral wall of the tapered rod and the end face of the cutter head, which can effectively reduce the stress concentration at the connection part and improve the overall service life of the tool.

[0018] Preferably, a stopping square groove connected to the middle hole is coaxially opened on the inner wall of the second positioning hole away from the rough hole, the inner diameter of the stopping square groove is larger than the inner diameter of the middle hole, and the end of the tool rod away from the tool head is fixedly connected to the stopping part inserted in the stopping square groove, and the second threaded hole is opened on the end face of the stopping part and extends to the tool head.

[0019] By adopting the above technical solution, the stop portion on the tool rod is inserted into the stop square groove, thereby realizing the circumferential linkage setting of the tool rod and the positioning sleeve, and preventing the tool from rotating along the rotation center.

[0020] Preferably, the intermediate rod coaxial fixing sleeve is provided with a limiting ring convex, the outer diameter of the limiting ring convex is larger than the inner diameter of the intermediate hole and smaller than the inner diameter of the first threaded hole, the inner diameter of the first positioning hole is larger than the outer diameter of the limiting ring convex, and the end face of the limiting ring convex abuts against the inner wall of the first positioning hole away from the coarse hole.

[0021] By adopting the above technical solution, the end face of the limiting ring convex abuts against the inner wall of the first positioning hole away from the coarse hole, indicating that the tightening screw has been screwed into place, thereby limiting the axial position of the tightening screw in the positioning sleeve, preventing the tightening screw from moving axially during use, and improving the stability of the connection between the tool and the tool handle.

[0022] Preferably, a rotation groove is coaxially formed at one end of the first screw away from the cutter head, and the rotation groove is a polygonal groove.

[0023] By adopting the above technical solution, it is convenient for operators to drive the tightening screw to rotate through matching tools, thereby improving installation and disassembly efficiency.

[0024] Preferably, a cooling medium flow channel connected to the second threaded hole is opened through the inner wall of the rotating groove, and a cooling hole connected to the second threaded hole is opened on the outer wall of the cutter head.

[0025] By adopting the above technical solution, the cooling medium can flow into the second threaded hole through the cooling medium flow channel and flow out through the cooling hole, effectively improving the cooling effect of the cutter head and extending the service life of the cutter head.

[0026] In summary, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0027] 1. When installing the tool, first insert the tool rod on the tool into the second positioning hole, and insert the tightening screw from the coarse hole of the tool handle into the first threaded hole, the first positioning hole and the middle hole in sequence, and rotate the tightening screw to screw the second screw into the second threaded hole, so that the first screw is screwed and locked in the first threaded hole, thereby achieving the fixation of the tool and the tool handle, and the outer peripheral wall of the tool rod is in contact with the inner peripheral wall of the second positioning hole, reducing the radial shaking of the tool head and improving the assembly accuracy of the tool. When the tool needs to be replaced, loosen the tightening screw and pull out the tool;

[0028] 2. The second positioning hole is formed by a tapered hole and a straight hole, which enables the tool arbor to have a progressive positioning effect during assembly. The close fit between the tapered hole and the tapered arbor has a centering effect, which can ensure that the rotation centers of the positioning sleeve and the tool arbor are on the same straight line, further improving the radial positioning accuracy of the tool and improving the overall assembly accuracy.

[0029] 3. The cooling medium can flow into the second threaded hole through the cooling medium flow channel and flow out through the cooling hole, effectively improving the cooling effect of the cutter head and extending the service life of the cutter head. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0030] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a high-precision rapid tool change interface structure in Example 1;

[0031] Figure 2 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a high-precision rapid tool change interface structure in Example 1;

[0032] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the connection structure between the positioning sleeve and the tool in Example 1;

[0033] Figure 4 is a schematic structural diagram of the tool in Example 1;

[0034] Figure 5 is a schematic structural diagram of the tensioning screw in Example 1;

[0035] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the first screw and the tool handle in Example 2.

[0036] In the figure, 1, tool handle; 11, rough hole; 12, fixing hole; 13, first threaded hole; 14, countersunk groove; 2, positioning sleeve; 21, first positioning hole; 22, second positioning hole; 221, straight hole; 222, tapered hole; 223, first air avoidance ring groove; 23, intermediate hole; 24, stop square groove; 3, tool; 31, tool rod; 311, straight rod; 312, tapered rod; 313, second air avoidance ring groove; 314, stress relief ring groove; 315, stop part; 32, tool head; 33, cutting edge; 34, centering hole; 35, second threaded hole; 36, cooling hole; 4, tensioning screw; 41, first screw; 42, intermediate rod; 43, second screw; 44, rotating groove; 45, cooling medium flow channel; 46, limiting ring protrusion; 47, end plate; 48, screw. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] The following is combined with Figure 1-6 This application is described in further detail.

[0038] Example 1:

[0039] The present application embodiment discloses a high-precision rapid tool change interface structure, referring to Figure 1 、 Figure 2 The present invention comprises a tool handle 1, a positioning sleeve 2, a tool 3, and a tensioning screw 4. A coarse hole 11 is coaxially defined at one end of the tool handle 1, and a fixing hole 12 is coaxially defined at the other end of the tool handle 1. The tool handle 1 has a first threaded hole 13 that connects the coarse hole 11 and the fixing hole 12. The positioning sleeve 2 is coaxially fixedly inserted into the fixing hole 12, and the positioning sleeve 2 and the fixing hole 12 are an interference fit. In this embodiment, the tool handle 1 is made of steel, and the positioning sleeve 2 is made of cemented carbide. The tool handle 1 and the positioning sleeve 2 are assembled into a single piece by heat shrinking.

[0040] Reference Figure 2 、 Figure 3 The locating sleeve 2 has a first positioning hole 21 at its end near the rough hole 11 and a second positioning hole 22 at its end away from the rough hole 11. The locating sleeve 2 has an intermediate hole 23 that connects the first positioning hole 21 and the second positioning hole 22. The second positioning hole 22 includes a tapered hole 222 at the end of the locating sleeve 2 away from the rough hole 11 and a straight hole 221 connecting the tapered hole 222 and the intermediate hole 23. The end of the tapered hole 222 near the straight hole 221 is a small end, and the end of the tapered hole 222 away from the straight hole 221 is a large end.

[0041] A first annular groove 223 is defined at the junction of the inner circumference of the straight hole 221 and the inner circumference of the small end of the tapered hole 222. A square stopper groove 24 is coaxially defined on the inner wall of the straight hole 221, distal from the coarse hole 11, and connected to the middle hole 23. The inner diameter of the square stopper groove 24 is larger than that of the middle hole 23, and the inner diameter of the straight hole 221 is also larger than that of the square stopper groove 24.

[0042] Reference Figure 3 、 Figure 4 The tool 3 includes a tool rod 31 and a cutter head 32 coaxially fixedly connected to one end of the tool rod 31. The outer peripheral wall of the cutter head 32 has a plurality of cutting edges 33, and a centering hole 34 is coaxially opened at the end of the cutter head 32 away from the tool rod 31. The tool rod 31 includes a straight rod 311 inserted into the straight hole 221 and a tapered rod 312 coaxially fixedly connected to one end of the straight rod 311 and inserted into the tapered hole 222. The tapered rod 312 is coaxially fixedly connected to one end of the cutter head 32. A stress-reducing annular groove 314 is opened at the connection between the outer peripheral wall of the tapered rod 312 and the end face of the cutter head 32. A second air-avoiding annular groove 313 is defined at the junction of the outer circumferential walls of the straight rod 311 and the tapered rod 312. The outer circumferential wall of the straight rod 311 fits against the inner circumferential wall of the straight hole 221, while the outer circumferential wall of the tapered rod 312 fits against the inner circumferential wall of the tapered hole 222. The end face of the cutter head 32 proximal to the coarse hole 11 abuts against the end face of the positioning sleeve 2. The end of the straight rod 311 distal to the cutter head 32 is fixedly connected to a stopper 315 inserted into the stopper square groove 24. The end face of the stopper 315 distal to the straight rod 311 defines a second threaded hole 35 extending axially to the cutter head 32.

[0043] Reference Figure 2 、 Figure 5 The tensioning screw 4 includes a first screw 41 threadedly inserted into the first threaded hole 13, an intermediate rod 42 coaxially fixedly connected to the end of the first screw 41 away from the rough hole 11, and a second screw 43 threadedly inserted into the second threaded hole 35. The external threads on the first screw 41 and the external threads on the second screw 43 have the same direction of rotation. A stop ring protrusion 46 is coaxially fixedly mounted on the intermediate rod 42. The outer diameter of the stop ring protrusion 46 is larger than the inner diameter of the intermediate hole 23 and smaller than the inner diameter of the first threaded hole 13. The inner diameter of the first positioning hole 21 is larger than the outer diameter of the stop ring protrusion 46. The end surface of the stop ring protrusion 46 abuts the inner wall of the first positioning hole 21 away from the rough hole 11.

[0044] Reference Figure 2 、 Figure 3 A rotating groove 44 is coaxially opened at one end of the first screw 41 away from the cutter head 32. The rotating groove 44 is a polygonal groove. A cooling medium flow channel 45 connected to the second threaded hole 35 is opened through the inner wall of the rotating groove 44. A cooling hole 36 connected to the second threaded hole 35 is opened on the outer wall of the cutter head 32.

[0045] The implementation principle of the high-precision rapid tool-changing interface structure of the embodiment of the present application is as follows: when installing the tool 3, the tool rod 31 is first inserted into the second positioning hole 22, and the stop portion 315 is inserted into the stop square groove 24, and then the tensioning screw 4 is passed through the coarse hole 11 of the tool handle 1 in sequence through the first threaded hole 13, the first positioning hole 21 and the middle hole 23, and is inserted into the rotating groove 44 through a special tool, thereby rotating the tensioning screw 4 so that the second screw 43 is screwed into the second threaded hole 35, so that the first screw 41 is screwed and locked to the first screw. The grooved hole 13 is formed until the limiting ring protrusion 46 abuts against the inner wall of the first positioning hole 21, thereby fixing the tool 3 and the tool handle 1, and the straight hole 221 is tightly matched with the straight rod 311, and the tapered hole 222 is tightly matched with the tapered rod 312, which has a centering effect, and can ensure that the rotation centers of the positioning sleeve 2 and the tool rod 31 are on the same straight line, further improving the radial positioning accuracy of the tool 3, reducing the radial shaking of the cutter head 32, and improving the assembly accuracy of the tool 3. When the tool 3 needs to be replaced, loosen the tightening screw 4 and pull out the tool 3.

[0046] Example 2:

[0047] The difference from Example 1 is that, referring to Figure 6 The inner wall of the coarse hole 11 is provided with a recessed groove 14 that is connected to the first threaded hole 13. The inner diameter of the recessed groove 14 is larger than that of the first threaded hole 13. The first screw 41 is coaxially fixedly connected to an end plate 47. After the first screw 41 is screwed into the first threaded hole 13, the end plate 47 is embedded in the recessed groove 14. The end plate 47 is penetrated by a screw 48 that is threadedly connected to the tool handle 1 to limit the rotation of the tensioning screw 4. When the tool 3 needs to be replaced, it is necessary to first unlock the screw 48, release the rotation restriction of the tensioning screw 4, loosen the tensioning screw 4, and then remove the tool 3.

[0048] The above are all preferred embodiments of the present application, and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present application. Therefore, any equivalent changes made based on the structure, shape, and principle of the present application should be included in the scope of protection of the present application.

Claims

1. A high-precision rapid tool change interface structure, characterized by: The present invention comprises a tool handle (1), a positioning sleeve (2), a tool (3) and a tightening screw (4), wherein one end of the tool handle (1) has a coarse hole (11), the other end of the tool handle (1) has a fixing hole (12), the tool handle (1) has a first threaded hole (13) connected to the coarse hole (11) and the fixing hole (12), the tool (3) comprises a tool rod (31) and a tool head (32) fixedly connected to the tool rod (31), and a second threaded hole (35) is provided at one end of the tool rod (31) away from the tool head (32), the tightening screw (4) comprises a first screw rod (41) threadedly inserted into the first threaded hole (13), an intermediate rod (42) coaxially fixedly connected to the end of the first screw rod (41) away from the coarse hole (11), and a screw rod (43) and a screw rod (44). The second screw rod (43) is threaded with a second threaded hole (35), the positioning sleeve (2) is fixedly inserted in the fixing hole (12), the positioning sleeve (2) is provided with a first positioning hole (21) for the second screw rod (43) and the intermediate rod (42) to pass through at one end close to the coarse hole (11), the positioning sleeve (2) is provided with a second positioning hole (22) for the knife rod (31) to be inserted at one end away from the coarse hole (11), the outer peripheral wall of the knife rod (31) is fitted with the inner peripheral wall of the second positioning hole (22), the positioning sleeve (2) has an intermediate hole (23) connected to the first positioning hole (21) and the second positioning hole (22) for the second screw rod (43) to pass through, and the end face of the knife head (32) close to the coarse hole (11) abuts against the end face of the positioning sleeve (2).

2. The high-precision rapid tool change interface structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The positioning sleeve (2) and the fixing hole (12) are in an interference fit.

3. The high-precision rapid tool change interface structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second positioning hole (22) includes a tapered hole (222) formed at one end of the positioning sleeve (2) away from the coarse hole (11) and a straight hole (221) connected to the tapered hole (222) and the middle hole (23); the tool rod (31) includes a straight rod (311) inserted into the straight hole (221) and a tapered rod (312) coaxially fixedly connected to one end of the straight rod (311) and inserted into the tapered hole (222); the tapered rod (312) is coaxially fixedly connected to one end of the tool head (32).

4. The high-precision rapid tool change interface structure according to claim 3, characterized in that: A first air-avoiding annular groove (223) is provided at the connection between the inner peripheral wall of the straight hole (221) and the inner peripheral wall of the small end of the tapered hole (222).

5. The high-precision rapid tool change interface structure according to claim 3, characterized in that: A second air-avoiding annular groove (313) is provided at the connection between the outer peripheral wall of the straight rod (311) and the outer peripheral wall of the tapered rod (312).

6. The high-precision rapid tool change interface structure according to claim 3, characterized in that: A stress-reducing annular groove (314) is provided at the connection between the outer peripheral wall of the tapered rod (312) and the end face of the cutter head (32).

7. The high-precision rapid tool change interface structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: A stop square groove (24) connected to the middle hole (23) is coaxially provided on the inner wall of the second positioning hole (22) away from the rough hole (11); the inner diameter of the stop square groove (24) is larger than the inner diameter of the middle hole (23); one end of the tool rod (31) away from the tool head (32) is fixedly connected to a stop portion (315) inserted in the stop square groove (24); and the second threaded hole (35) is provided on the end surface of the stop portion (315) and extends to the tool head (32).

8. The high-precision rapid tool change interface structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The intermediate rod (42) is coaxially fixed with a limiting ring protrusion (46). The outer diameter of the limiting ring protrusion (46) is larger than the inner diameter of the intermediate hole (23) and smaller than the inner diameter of the first threaded hole (13). The inner diameter of the first positioning hole (21) is larger than the outer diameter of the limiting ring protrusion (46). The end face of the limiting ring protrusion (46) abuts against the inner wall of the first positioning hole (21) away from the coarse hole (11).

9. The high-precision rapid tool change interface structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: A rotating groove (44) is coaxially formed at one end of the first screw (41) away from the cutter head (32), and the rotating groove (44) is a polygonal groove.

10. The high-precision rapid tool change interface structure according to claim 9, characterized in that: A cooling medium flow channel (45) connected to the second threaded hole (35) is provided through the inner wall of the rotating groove (44), and a cooling hole (36) connected to the second threaded hole (35) is provided on the outer wall of the cutter head (32).

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