Reactor for degrading perchlorate wastewater

Abstract

The utility model discloses a reactor for degrading perchlorate wastewater, which comprises a resin adsorption unit, a biological culture unit and a washing liquid preparation unit which are connected through pipelines to form a closed loop system. The resin adsorption unit comprises an adsorption tank which is used for loading ion exchange resin and serves as a main body part for wastewater treatment; the biological culture unit comprises a biological culture tank which is internally provided with a microbial community and filler and is used for domesticating and culturing microorganisms; the alkali liquor preparation unit comprises an alkali liquor preparation tank and a stirrer and is used for preparing alkali liquor; the resin adopted by the utility model can be efficiently regenerated for multiple rounds, so that the treatment cost is reduced. The reaction condition requirement is mild, and the used device and equipment are simple and easy to implement. The reaction is rapid, and perchlorate in the wastewater can be efficiently degraded under the condition that new pollution is not introduced. A biological regeneration mode is adopted, so that the problem of secondary pollution caused by traditional chemical regeneration is avoided, meanwhile, the resource utilization efficiency is improved, and the operation cost of using a large number of chemical agents is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of environmental protection and wastewater treatment, and relates to a highly efficient, economical and environmentally friendly reactor for degrading perchlorate in wastewater. Background Art

[0002] Perchlorate, a substance widely used as an oxidizer for solid fuels in fireworks, rockets, and missiles, as well as a laboratory chemical reagent, is highly water-soluble and chemically stable, but it also poses potential toxicological hazards to human health. Perchlorate can competitively inhibit the thyroid gland's absorption of iodide, interfering with normal thyroid function and affecting hormone secretion, posing a health threat to adults and children. In recent years, perchlorate has been frequently detected in food and drinking water in my country, making its treatment a key issue in environmental protection.

[0003] Although various technologies, such as ion exchange, bioreduction, membrane technology, and chemical catalytic reduction, have been used to remove perchlorate, these methods are complex, costly, or may introduce secondary pollution. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a wastewater treatment technology that is simple to operate, has mild reaction conditions, and is efficient and economical.

[0004] Ion exchange resins are widely used in wastewater treatment and resource recovery. However, conventional ion exchange resins often face the challenge of requiring chemical regeneration or disposal after adsorption saturation. This not only increases treatment costs but also introduces new chemical contamination. To overcome these drawbacks, this utility model proposes an ion exchange resin bioreactor based on resin adsorption and bioregeneration. This bioreactor aims to achieve resin regeneration through biological means, improving resource utilization efficiency and reducing environmental pollution, while also efficiently degrading perchlorate. Utility Model Content

[0005] This utility model addresses the problems existing in the prior art and provides a deep purification device for perchlorate wastewater. The utility model utilizes a process flow of "resin exchange adsorption - microbial regeneration - alkaline solution washing" to treat perchlorate wastewater using a strongly alkaline anion exchange resin that is selective for perchlorate as the adsorption material. After adsorption saturation, the resin is regenerated using a suspension of specific salt-tolerant bacteria that has been cultured and domesticated in raw water. The regenerated resin is then washed with a dilute alkaline solution, achieving the purpose of resin purification and further regeneration, allowing the resin to be reused.

[0006] The technical solution of this utility model:

[0007] A reactor for degrading perchlorate wastewater comprises a resin adsorption unit, a biological culture unit and a washing liquid preparation unit, which are connected by pipelines to form a closed-loop system.

[0008] The resin adsorption unit includes an adsorption tank for loading ion exchange resin and serves as the main part of wastewater treatment. The adsorption tank is provided with a window for observing the resin layer in order to monitor the resin operation status and wastewater treatment effect.

[0009] The biological culture unit includes a biological culture tank with a built-in microbial community and fillers for acclimating and cultivating microorganisms. The microorganisms attach to the fillers. After the microorganisms are successfully cultured, the bacterial suspension in the biological culture unit is pumped into the resin adsorption unit to regenerate the resin that has reached adsorption equilibrium.

[0010] The alkali solution preparation unit comprises an alkali solution preparation tank and an agitator, and is used to prepare the alkali solution.

[0011] The adsorption tank's water inlet and outlet are both divided into two branches by pipes, each equipped with a valve. One branch of the adsorption tank's inlet is connected to the biological culture tank outlet via a pipe, and the other branch is connected to the alkali solution preparation tank outlet via a pipe. One branch of the adsorption tank's outlet is connected to the alkali solution preparation tank inlet via a pipe, and the other branch is connected to the biological culture tank inlet via a pipe. During adsorption, wastewater first enters the adsorption tank through the water inlet, where the resin removes perchlorate and the wastewater flows out of the adsorption tank through the outlet for reuse or discharge. During regeneration, the bacterial suspension in the biological culture tank is pumped from the water outlet of the culture tank into the water inlet of the adsorption tank, flows through the adsorption tank, and then is pumped back from the water outlet of the adsorption tank to the water inlet of the biological culture tank, returning to the biological culture tank. In this way, it circulates between the biological culture tank and the adsorption tank. During washing, alkali liquid is pumped from the water outlet of the alkali liquid preparation tank into the water inlet of the adsorption tank, flows through the adsorption tank, flows out of the water outlet of the adsorption tank, and returns to the water inlet of the adsorption tank, circulating inside the adsorption tank. After washing, the alkali liquid is pumped from the water outlet of the adsorption tank into the water inlet of the alkali liquid preparation tank, and the alkali liquid returns to the alkali liquid preparation tank for storage. When the entire system is in operation, the various valves on the pipeline are opened or closed according to operational needs.

[0012] The resin used in the adsorption unit is a polymerized styrene-divinylbenzene series strong alkaline anion exchange resin with a filling amount of 50% to 90%. The height of the adsorption bed and the amount of water to be treated can be flexibly adjusted according to the amount of water to be treated.

[0013] The filler used is fixed filler or suspended filler, and the filler filling rate is 50% to 90%. The sludge is tamed by gradually increasing the sludge load until the target degradation capacity is reached.

[0014] The alkaline agent used can be one or a mixture of two or more of sodium carbonate, sodium bicarbonate, ammonia water, sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, etc., and the concentration used is lower than 5wt%.

[0015] A process for implementing a reactor for degrading perchlorate wastewater comprises the following steps:

[0016] (1) The perchlorate wastewater from which suspended solids have been removed is pumped into a resin adsorption unit, allowed to remain there for a certain period of time, and then discharged from the resin adsorption unit;

[0017] (2) The bacterial suspension in the biological culture unit is pumped into the resin adsorption unit through a sewage pump. The suspension circulates between the resin adsorption unit and the microbial culture unit to regenerate the resin. After regeneration, the regenerated liquid is pumped back to the biological culture unit.

[0018] (3) The alkali solution in the alkali solution preparation unit is pumped into the regenerated resin adsorption unit through the dosing pump, and circulated in the resin adsorption unit. After the washing is completed, the washing liquid is pumped back to the alkali solution preparation unit.

[0019] The working principle of the utility model is as follows: wastewater enters the resin adsorption unit through the water inlet and comes into contact with the ion exchange resin. The resin uses its ion exchange function to adsorb perchlorate in the wastewater onto the resin. As the adsorption process proceeds, the resin gradually reaches a saturated state. At this point, the biological culture unit is activated, and a bacterial suspension is injected into the resin adsorption unit. The suspension circulates between the resin adsorption unit and the biological culture unit. Through biodegradation, the perchlorate on the resin is converted into harmless chloride ions, achieving resin regeneration. The regenerated resin is further washed with a washing solution, which is a dilute alkali solution. The dilute alkali solution not only washes the microorganisms attached to the resin, but also further regenerates the resin by replacing the hydroxyl groups on the dilute alkali solution.

[0020] Beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0021] (1) The resin used in the present invention can be efficiently regenerated in multiple rounds, thereby reducing processing costs.

[0022] (2) The reaction conditions of the present invention are mild, and the devices and equipment used are simple and easy to implement.

[0023] (3) The utility model has a fast reaction and can efficiently degrade perchlorate in wastewater without introducing new pollution.

[0024] (4) The present invention adopts a biological regeneration method, which avoids the secondary pollution problem of traditional chemical regeneration, while improving resource utilization efficiency and reducing the operating costs of large-scale use of chemical agents. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the reactor.

[0026] In the figure: 1 biological culture tank; 2 adsorption tank; 3 alkali solution preparation tank; 4 first valve; 5 second valve; 6 third valve; 7 alkali solution preparation tank outlet; 8 adsorption tank outlet; 9 biological culture tank outlet; 10 fourth valve; 11 alkali solution preparation tank inlet; 12 fifth valve; 13 adsorption tank inlet; 14 biological culture tank inlet; 15 biological culture tank filler; 16 resin; 17 window; 18 agitator. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] The specific implementation of the present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and technical solutions.

[0028] Raw water is pumped into adsorption tank 2 from the adsorption tank inlet 13. After adsorption by resin 16, it is discharged from the adsorption tank outlet 8 for reuse or external discharge. After multiple rounds of adsorption, resin 16 reaches adsorption equilibrium and is then regenerated with microorganisms. Microorganisms are cultured in biological culture tank 1, which is filled with filler 15. The microorganisms attach and grow on filler 15. During the cultivation process, the microbial suspension circulates within microorganism culture tank 1. During regeneration, adsorption tank 2 and biological culture tank 1 are connected to circulate the water. The suspension is first pumped from microorganism culture tank outlet 9 into adsorption tank inlet 13, passes through resin layer 16, and is pumped out of adsorption tank outlet 8. It then returns to biological culture tank inlet 4, passes through filler layer 15, and is pumped out of microorganism culture tank outlet 9. This cycle continues until regeneration is complete. After regeneration is complete, the suspension is pumped into biological culture tank 1 for continued growth and cultivation. After regeneration, microorganisms may remain inside and on the resin surface of adsorption tank 2, requiring washing with alkali solution prepared in alkali solution preparation tank 3. First, a certain amount of alkali and water are mixed into a dilute alkali solution with a concentration of less than 5% using agitator 18. The alkali solution is then pumped from the alkali solution preparation tank outlet 7 into the adsorption tank inlet 13. The alkali solution then passes through the resin layer 16 and is then pumped out of the adsorption tank outlet 8, continuously circulating within the adsorption tank 2 until the washing process is complete. Finally, the alkali solution is pumped back into the alkali solution preparation tank 3 for reuse. The adsorption, regeneration, and washing processes can be observed through the viewing window 17.

[0029] Example 1: The adsorption unit has a diameter of 1 meter and a height of 1.5 meters. The inlet perchlorate concentration is 340 mg / l, the outlet concentration is less than 0.7 mg / l, and the regeneration cycle is 30 days. The biological regeneration unit operates for 24 hours, with an initial regeneration rate of 99%, capable of over 10 regenerations, and a final regeneration rate exceeding 70%.

[0030] Example 2: The adsorption unit has a diameter of 1 meter and a height of 2 meters. The inlet perchlorate concentration is 280 mg / l, the outlet concentration is less than 0.7 mg / l, the regeneration cycle is 50 days, and the biological regeneration unit operates for 24 hours. The initial regeneration rate reaches 99%, and regeneration can be repeated more than 10 times, with the final regeneration rate exceeding 70%.

Claims

1. A reactor for degrading perchlorate wastewater, characterized in that: The reactor for degrading perchlorate wastewater includes a resin adsorption unit, a biological culture unit, and a washing liquid preparation unit, which are connected by pipes to form a closed-loop system. The resin adsorption unit includes an adsorption tank for loading ion exchange resin and serves as the main part of the perchlorate wastewater treatment. The adsorption tank is provided with a window for observing the resin layer to monitor the resin operating status and the perchlorate wastewater treatment effect. The biological culture unit includes a biological culture tank with a built-in microbial community and fillers for domesticating and cultivating microorganisms; The alkali solution preparation unit comprises an alkali solution preparation tank and an agitator, and is used to prepare the alkali solution.

2. The reactor for degrading perchlorate wastewater according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water inlet and outlet of the adsorption tank are divided into two branches through pipelines, and each branch is equipped with a valve; one branch of the adsorption tank inlet is connected to the outlet of the biological culture tank through a pipeline, and the other branch is connected to the outlet of the alkali solution preparation tank through a pipeline; one branch of the adsorption tank outlet is connected to the inlet of the alkali solution preparation tank through a pipeline, and the other branch is connected to the inlet of the biological culture tank through a pipeline.

3. The reactor for degrading perchlorate wastewater according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ion exchange resin used in the resin adsorption unit is a polymerized styrene-divinylbenzene series strong alkaline anion exchange resin, and the filling amount is 50% to 90%.

4. The reactor for degrading perchlorate wastewater according to claim 1, characterized in that: The filler used is a fixed filler or a suspended filler, and the filler filling rate is 50% to 90%.

5. The reactor for degrading perchlorate wastewater according to claim 1, characterized in that: The alkali solution is selected from one or a mixture of two or more of sodium carbonate, sodium bicarbonate, ammonia water, sodium hydroxide and potassium hydroxide, with a concentration of less than 5wt%.

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