Cone bottom refractory brick structure of coal water slurry gasification furnace

Abstract

The utility model relates to a conical bottom refractory brick structure of a coal water slurry gasification furnace, and belongs to the technical field of gasification furnaces. The cone bottom refractory brick structure of the coal water slurry gasification furnace comprises a lining, the lining comprises an upper slag hole lining and a lower slag hole lining; an upper slag opening is defined by the circle of upper slag opening lining, and the upper slag opening is funnel-shaped; a lower slag hole lining is arranged below the upper slag hole lining; the slag discharging opening is defined by the circle of slag discharging opening lining; the slag discharging opening is in an inverted frustum shape; a transition brick is arranged on the outer side of the slag tapping hole lining; and an angle of 13.5 degrees is formed between the lower slag opening lining and the vertical foot of the lower slag opening. According to the utility model, the masonry structure of the cone-bottom refractory bricks is designed to be funnel-shaped, so that the problems that the cone-bottom refractory bricks are eroded and abraded by slag due to an inverted frustum structure in the original design, and the brick supporting plate and the chilling ring are burnt at high temperature due to high-temperature airflow and the slag carried by eddy current are thoroughly solved. Long-term use verifies that the service time of the cone bottom brick at least reaches 4500 hours, and the service life of the internal part of the gasification furnace is prolonged to 15000-18000 hours.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of gasifiers, in particular to a conical bottom refractory brick structure of a water-coal slurry gasifier. Background Art

[0002] A water-coal slurry gasifier is an industrial furnace that uses water-coal slurry as a raw material for gasification. The gasifier is a vertical cylindrical furnace lined with refractory bricks. The raw coal is crushed to a particle size of less than 10 mm and then fed into a ball mill. The pulverized coal is then ground with water, additives, and flux in the ball mill to create a water-coal slurry with a solids content of 60% to 70%. This slurry is then pumped into the gasifier's burner, where it mixes with oxygen and is atomized at the burner outlet. The slurry then enters the gasifier at a temperature of approximately 1500°C and a pressure of 2 to 6 MPa for the gasification reaction.

[0003] Currently, the fire-facing refractory bricks (i.e., the cone-bottom bricks) at the slag outlet of the cone-bottom of domestic single-nozzle water-coal slurry gasifiers are typically laid in an inverted staircase pattern from top to bottom. This creates eddy currents between the bricks, which in turn scour the base of the refractory bricks, the brick support plate, and the lip of the quench ring, exacerbating wear on the cone-bottom bricks and damaging the brick support plate and quench ring. Furthermore, the gasifiers face high loads and rapid changes in coal types, further exacerbating wear on the cone-bottom refractory bricks, burning out furnace internals and requiring frequent maintenance. This seriously impacts the long-term stable operation and production capacity of the gasifier, leading to increased production costs. Therefore, it is extremely necessary and urgent to conduct technical research and development on the cone-bottom refractory bricks of gasifiers, optimize the refractory brick masonry structure, and address the rapid wear rate of the cone-bottom bricks, resulting in a short service life, damage to internal components such as the brick support plate and quench ring, and reduced production capacity. Utility Model Content

[0004] Aiming at the problems of fast wear rate and short service life of cone bottom refractory brick structure of water-coal slurry gasification furnace in the prior art, the utility model provides a cone bottom refractory brick structure of water-coal slurry gasification furnace to solve the above problems.

[0005] The technical solution of the utility model is as follows:

[0006] A conical bottom refractory brick structure for a water-coal slurry gasifier comprises an inner lining; the inner lining comprises an upper slag port inner lining and a lower slag port inner lining; a circle of the upper slag port inner lining forms an upper slag port, and the upper slag port is funnel-shaped; a lower slag port inner lining is located below the upper slag port inner lining; a circle of the lower slag port inner lining forms a lower slag port; the lower slag port is in an inverted frustum shape; the outer side of the lower slag port inner lining is a transition brick; the lower slag port inner lining forms a 13.5° angle with the foot of the perpendicular to the lower slag port.

[0007] Furthermore, the lining of the slag outlet is composed of two circles of refractory bricks arranged one above the other; each circle has 18 refractory bricks.

[0008] Furthermore, the transition bricks are composed of three circles of refractory bricks arranged from top to bottom; each circle of refractory bricks consists of 18 pieces.

[0009] Furthermore, the minimum diameter of the upper slag opening is 838 mm.

[0010] Furthermore, the maximum diameter of the slag outlet is 950 mm, and the minimum diameter is 858 mm.

[0011] Furthermore, the inner sides of the upper and lower slag hole linings are smooth. The smooth transition between the inner sides of the upper and lower slag hole linings increases the fluidity of the slag as it passes through the slag hole, preventing the slag from forming eddies that aggravate wear on the bricks of the upper and lower slag hole linings.

[0012] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0013] This new design incorporates a funnel-shaped conical-bottom refractory brick structure, completely resolving the issues of the original inverted cone-shaped structure, which were previously susceptible to slag erosion and wear on the conical-bottom refractory bricks. This design also addresses the issues of vortex-carried high-temperature airflow and slag burning the support plate and quench ring, damaging the support plate and quench ring. This prevents vortex-carried erosion of the slag-mouth bricks, extending their service life while protecting furnace internals such as the support plate and quench ring. After calculation and verification, the new design also sets the angle between the slag-mouth lining and the foot of the lower slag-mouth to 13.5°. An angle less than this increases slag erosion of the lining; an angle greater than this reduces the overall support stability of the lining for the gasifier. Long-term use has proven that the conical-bottom bricks have a service life of at least 4,500 hours, extending the service life of the gasifier internals to 15,000 to 18,000 hours. This reduces maintenance frequency, labor costs, and overall operational costs. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0014] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, for ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without any creative work.

[0015] Figure 1 It is a structural diagram of the present utility model.

[0016] In the figure, 1-upper slag outlet lining, 2-lower slag outlet lining, 3-transition brick, 4-brick supporting plate, 5-upper slag outlet, 6-lower slag outlet. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0017] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solutions of the present invention, the following will be combined with the drawings of the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the embodiments described are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0018] Example 1

[0019] A conical bottom refractory brick structure for a water-coal slurry gasifier includes an inner lining; the inner lining includes an upper slag port inner lining 1 and a lower slag port inner lining 2; a circle of the upper slag port inner lining 1 forms an upper slag port 5, and the upper slag port 5 is funnel-shaped; below the upper slag port inner lining 1 is a lower slag port inner lining 2; a circle of the lower slag port inner lining 2 forms a lower slag port 6; the lower slag port 6 is in the shape of an inverted frustum; the outer side of the lower slag port inner lining 2 is a transition brick 3; the angle between the lower slag port inner lining 2 and the foot of the lower slag port 6 is 13.5 degrees.

[0020] Example 2

[0021] A conical bottom refractory brick structure for a water-coal slurry gasifier comprises an inner lining; the inner lining comprises an upper slag port inner lining 1 and a lower slag port inner lining 2; a circle of the upper slag port inner lining 1 forms an upper slag port 5, the upper slag port 5 is funnel-shaped, and the smallest diameter is 838 mm; the lower slag port inner lining 2 is located below the upper slag port inner lining 1; the lower slag port inner lining 2 is composed of two circles of refractory bricks arranged up and down; each circle of refractory bricks consists of 18 pieces; a circle of the lower slag port inner lining 2 forms a lower slag port 6; the lower slag port 6 is in the shape of an inverted frustum, with a largest diameter of 950 mm and a smallest diameter of 858 mm; the outer side of the lower slag port inner lining 2 is a transition brick 3; the transition brick 3 consists of three circles of refractory bricks arranged from top to bottom; each circle of refractory bricks consists of 18 pieces; the vertical foot of the lower slag port lining 2 and the lower slag port 6 is 13.5°; the inner sides of the upper slag port inner lining 1 and the lower slag port inner lining 2 are smooth surfaces.

[0022] Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and in conjunction with preferred embodiments, the present invention is not limited thereto. Without departing from the spirit and essence of the present invention, persons of ordinary skill in the art may make various equivalent modifications or substitutions to the embodiments of the present invention, and such modifications or substitutions shall fall within the scope of the present invention. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by persons skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A conical bottom refractory brick structure for a water-coal slurry gasifier, comprising an inner lining; the inner lining comprises an upper slag hole inner lining and a lower slag hole inner lining; characterized in that: A circle of upper slag mouth lining forms the upper slag mouth, and the upper slag mouth is funnel-shaped; the lower slag mouth lining is below the upper slag mouth lining; a circle of lower slag mouth lining forms the lower slag mouth; the lower slag mouth is in an inverted frustum shape; the outer side of the lower slag mouth lining is a transition brick; the angle between the lower slag mouth lining and the vertical foot of the lower slag mouth is 13.5 degrees.

2. The conical bottom refractory brick structure of the water-coal slurry gasifier according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lining of the slag outlet is composed of two circles of refractory bricks arranged one above the other; each circle consists of 18 refractory bricks.

3. The conical bottom refractory brick structure of the water-coal slurry gasifier according to claim 1, characterized in that: The transition bricks consist of three circles of refractory bricks arranged from top to bottom; each circle consists of 18 refractory bricks.

4. The conical bottom refractory brick structure of the water-coal slurry gasifier according to claim 1, characterized in that: The minimum diameter of the upper slag opening is 838mm.

5. The conical bottom refractory brick structure of the water-coal slurry gasifier according to claim 1, characterized in that: The maximum diameter of the slag outlet is 950mm; the minimum diameter is 858mm.

6. The conical bottom refractory brick structure of the water-coal slurry gasifier according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner sides of the upper slag opening lining and the lower slag opening lining are smooth surfaces.

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